GB1569407A - Lintels - Google Patents

Lintels Download PDF

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Publication number
GB1569407A
GB1569407A GB3603675A GB3603675A GB1569407A GB 1569407 A GB1569407 A GB 1569407A GB 3603675 A GB3603675 A GB 3603675A GB 3603675 A GB3603675 A GB 3603675A GB 1569407 A GB1569407 A GB 1569407A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
lintel
web portion
ribs
web
projecting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB3603675A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BIRTLEY Manufacturing Ltd
Original Assignee
BIRTLEY Manufacturing Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BIRTLEY Manufacturing Ltd filed Critical BIRTLEY Manufacturing Ltd
Priority to GB3603675A priority Critical patent/GB1569407A/en
Publication of GB1569407A publication Critical patent/GB1569407A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/70—Drying or keeping dry, e.g. by air vents
    • E04B1/7038—Evacuating water from cavity walls, e.g. by using weep holes
    • E04B1/7053—Grills for weep holes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C3/06—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal with substantially solid, i.e. unapertured, web
    • E04C3/07—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal with substantially solid, i.e. unapertured, web at least partly of bent or otherwise deformed strip- or sheet-like material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C2003/023—Lintels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0408—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section
    • E04C2003/0413—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section being built up from several parts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0408—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section
    • E04C2003/0421—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section comprising one single unitary part
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0426—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by material distribution in cross section
    • E04C2003/0434—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by material distribution in cross section the open cross-section free of enclosed cavities
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0443—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section
    • E04C2003/0482—Z- or S-shaped

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)

Description

(54) IMPROVEMENTS IN OR RELATING TO LINTELS (71) We, BIRTLEY MANUFACTUR ING LIMITED of Airport Industrial Estate, into, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE3 2DZ a British Company, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement: This invention relates to lintels for spanning openings and forming archways in brick struc tures, and relates more particularly to lintels for use in walls having an inner and outer skin separated by a cavity, hereinafter referred to as "cavity walEs".
It is known to provide a lintel comprising a sheet metal web portion which, when the is is in position in a cavity wall, projects upwardly within the cavity from a forwardly prqjecig, substantially horizontal lower por tion of the lintel which supports the outer sin of the wall to a rearwardly projecting, substandally horizontal upper portion of the Intel which engages the inner skin of the cavity wall. Such a lintel will hereinafter be referred to as 'a lintel of the type described'.
In a lintel of the type described, the web in in conjunction with said upper and lower portions, forms a damp proof member whits directs any moisture within the cavity which comes into contact with the lintel towards the outer skin of the wall.
Our British Patent No. 1,303,664 for ex antple describes and cliiims a lintel of the type described and which comprises a bottom crosspiece having a forwardly projecting sub -itially horizontal plate adapted to support the outer skin of a cavity wall and a rear wardly projecting substantially horizontal plate adapted to support the inner skin af a cavity wall, and an upwardly extending longitudinal ridge formed between the for wardly and rearwardly projecting plates, a web portion secured along the length of the tudinal ridge of the bottom crosspiece projecting upwardly therefrom in such a manner that, when the lintel is in position in a cavity wall, the web portion lies within the cavity, and a top plate projecting rearwardly from the upper edge of the web portion and having a substantially horizontal In our British Patents Nos. 1,349,766 and portion adapted to extend into the inner skin.
1,350,220, which are patents of addition to British Patent No. 1,303,664, we describe and claim lintels which differ from the lintel described in the parent patent in that the lintel of the former patent has a web portion the upper extent of which is of curvilinear cross-section, the top plate projecting from said upper extent, and the lintel of the latter patent has a web portion which overlaps and is secured to a sloped portion of the ridge adjacent to the forwardly projecting plate and projects upwardly from the bottom crosspiece at the same inclination as said sloped portion.
In our British Patent No. 1,483,473, which is a patent of addition to British Patent No. 1,303,664, we describe a further modification of the basic lintel configuration in that the bottom crosspiece is formed as two separate members one comprising the forwardly projecting plate and the other the rearwardly projecting plate, and the web portion is formed integrally with one of these two members.
The aforementioned British Patents all refer to the use of buttresses or strengthening ribs which are separately formed frona sheet metal and are secured between the web and some or all of the plates extending therefrom.
According to the present invention there is provided a lintel of the type described comprising a web portion having a plurality of ribs embossed in the sheet material of the web portion, said ribs being spaced along the length of said web portion.
It will be appreciated that such an arrangement, in which the ribs are parts of the actual sheet material of the web portion, does not involve the securement of separate strengthen ing members to the lintel.
Conveniently the ribs are each substantially triangular in both elevation and end views of the web portion, tapering from a minimum width and a minimum depth at or adjacent one longitudinal edge of the web portion to a maximum width and a maximum depth at or adjacent the other longitudinal edge of said web portion.
In use of the lintel, it is preferred that the ribs project from the web portion towards the outer skin of the cavity wall. However, in certain circumstances it may be acceptable for said ribs to project from the web portion towards the inner skin of the cavity wall provided that the ribs do not impair the damp proofing function of the web portion - for example they must not form pockets for the accumulation of water.
Alternatively alternate ribs may project from opposed surfaces of the web portion.
By way of examples anly, embodiments of the invention will row be described in greater detail with reference to the drawings accompanying the Provisional Specification in which dike numbers refer to like parts and in which: Fig. 1 is an end view of a first lintel according to the invention; Fig. 2 is a view of part of the lintel of Fig. 1 in the direction of arrow A in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is an end view of a second lintel according to the invention which is a modification of the lintel shown in Figs. 1 and 2; Fig. 4 is an end view of a third lintel according to the invention; Fig. 5 is an end view of a fourth lintel according to the invention, and Fig. 6 is an end view of a fifth lintel according to the invention.
Referring firstly to Figs. 1 and 2, the lintel shown therein is formed from a single sheet of metal and comprises a vertical web portion i, a horizontal bottom plate 2, a horizontal top plate 3 and inclined portions 4 and 5 interposed between the web portion 1 and the plates 2 and 3 respectively. When in position in a cavity wall, as shown, the bottom plate 2 extends under and supports the outer skin 6 of the cavity wall and the web portion 1 projects upwardly within the cavity 7, the top plate 3 extending into the inner skin. 8 of the wall. The web portion has a plurality of nbs 9 embossed therein which extend from about the junction between the inclined portion 4 and the bottom plate 2 to about the junction between the- web portion 1 and the inclined portion 5. It wilt. be seen from Fig.
2 that the ribs 9 progressively reduce in width from the bottom plate 2 towards the top plate 3, said ribs being substantially triangular in both elevation and end views of the web portion and projecting towards the outer skin 6 of the wall.
Fig. 3 illustrates a modification of the lintel shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the ribs 10, unlike the ribs 9, projecting from the web 1 towards the inner skin 8 of the wall. In this case the ribs 10 extend from the junction of the inclined portion 5 and the top plate 3 to the junction of the web portion 1 and the inclined portion 4. This construction tends to rigidify the junction. between the web portion 1 and the top plate 3 and, with the lintel in question, is less advantageous than the construction shown in Figs. 1 and 2 which tends to rigidify the junction between the bottom plate 2 and the web portion 1. There may be advantages in certain circumstances in having a web portion with both types of rib shown in Figs. 1 and 3 and, for example, these two types of rib could be arranged to alternate along the length of the lintel.
The third embodiment of the invention shown in Fig. 4 is equivalent to the lintel shown in Figs. 1 and 2 with a member 11 secured thereto and comprising a horizontal plate 12, which is substantially co-planar with the bottom plate 2, an inclined portion 13, and a vertical flange 14 which is secured to the web portion 1.
The fourth embodiment of the invention shown in Fig. 5 is, in its general configuration, similar to the third embodiment of the invention shown in Fig. 4 but differs in that the bottom plate 2, the inclined portion 4, the inclined portion 13 and the plate 12 of the lintel of Fig. 4 are, in the lintel of Fig.
5, formed integrally as a bottom crosspiece 15. The web portion 1 has a flange 19 along its bottom edge which is secured to the central ridge formed in the bottom crosspiece 15.
The aforementioned embodiments of the invention are clearly similar to each other but the invention is by no means restricted to lintels of this basic type but may also be applied to other lintels of the type described.
Fig. 6, for example, illustrates a further lintel of the type described, such a lintel being disclosed and claimed in our British Patent No.
1,218,082 and modified to conform with the present invention. In this lintel, a first member 16 of substantially 'Z' shape in crosssection is joined to a second member 17 of channel section. The web portion 18 of the member 16 has a plurality of indentations or embossments formed along its length which form ribs 20 projecting from the first member 16 towards the second member 17.
A lintel according to the present invention may be made from sheet steel, preferably galvanised sheet steel.
Although the illustrated lintels incorporate ribs of generally triangular configuration, it will be appreciated that other, for example bulbous, configurations may be used.
WHAT WE CLAIM IS: 1. A lintel of the type described comprising a web portion having a plurality of ribs embossed in the sheet material of the web portion, said ribs being spaced along the length of said web portion.
2. A lintel as claimed in claim 1 in which the ribs are each substantially triangular in both elevation and end views of the web por
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.

Claims (9)

**WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **. portion to a maximum width and a maximum depth at or adjacent the other longitudinal edge of said web portion. In use of the lintel, it is preferred that the ribs project from the web portion towards the outer skin of the cavity wall. However, in certain circumstances it may be acceptable for said ribs to project from the web portion towards the inner skin of the cavity wall provided that the ribs do not impair the damp proofing function of the web portion - for example they must not form pockets for the accumulation of water. Alternatively alternate ribs may project from opposed surfaces of the web portion. By way of examples anly, embodiments of the invention will row be described in greater detail with reference to the drawings accompanying the Provisional Specification in which dike numbers refer to like parts and in which: Fig. 1 is an end view of a first lintel according to the invention; Fig. 2 is a view of part of the lintel of Fig. 1 in the direction of arrow A in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is an end view of a second lintel according to the invention which is a modification of the lintel shown in Figs. 1 and 2; Fig. 4 is an end view of a third lintel according to the invention; Fig. 5 is an end view of a fourth lintel according to the invention, and Fig. 6 is an end view of a fifth lintel according to the invention. Referring firstly to Figs. 1 and 2, the lintel shown therein is formed from a single sheet of metal and comprises a vertical web portion i, a horizontal bottom plate 2, a horizontal top plate 3 and inclined portions 4 and 5 interposed between the web portion 1 and the plates 2 and 3 respectively. When in position in a cavity wall, as shown, the bottom plate 2 extends under and supports the outer skin 6 of the cavity wall and the web portion 1 projects upwardly within the cavity 7, the top plate 3 extending into the inner skin. 8 of the wall. The web portion has a plurality of nbs 9 embossed therein which extend from about the junction between the inclined portion 4 and the bottom plate 2 to about the junction between the- web portion 1 and the inclined portion 5. It wilt. be seen from Fig. 2 that the ribs 9 progressively reduce in width from the bottom plate 2 towards the top plate 3, said ribs being substantially triangular in both elevation and end views of the web portion and projecting towards the outer skin 6 of the wall. Fig. 3 illustrates a modification of the lintel shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the ribs 10, unlike the ribs 9, projecting from the web 1 towards the inner skin 8 of the wall. In this case the ribs 10 extend from the junction of the inclined portion 5 and the top plate 3 to the junction of the web portion 1 and the inclined portion 4. This construction tends to rigidify the junction. between the web portion 1 and the top plate 3 and, with the lintel in question, is less advantageous than the construction shown in Figs. 1 and 2 which tends to rigidify the junction between the bottom plate 2 and the web portion 1. There may be advantages in certain circumstances in having a web portion with both types of rib shown in Figs. 1 and 3 and, for example, these two types of rib could be arranged to alternate along the length of the lintel. The third embodiment of the invention shown in Fig. 4 is equivalent to the lintel shown in Figs. 1 and 2 with a member 11 secured thereto and comprising a horizontal plate 12, which is substantially co-planar with the bottom plate 2, an inclined portion 13, and a vertical flange 14 which is secured to the web portion 1. The fourth embodiment of the invention shown in Fig. 5 is, in its general configuration, similar to the third embodiment of the invention shown in Fig. 4 but differs in that the bottom plate 2, the inclined portion 4, the inclined portion 13 and the plate 12 of the lintel of Fig. 4 are, in the lintel of Fig. 5, formed integrally as a bottom crosspiece 15. The web portion 1 has a flange 19 along its bottom edge which is secured to the central ridge formed in the bottom crosspiece 15. The aforementioned embodiments of the invention are clearly similar to each other but the invention is by no means restricted to lintels of this basic type but may also be applied to other lintels of the type described. Fig. 6, for example, illustrates a further lintel of the type described, such a lintel being disclosed and claimed in our British Patent No.
1,218,082 and modified to conform with the present invention. In this lintel, a first member 16 of substantially 'Z' shape in crosssection is joined to a second member 17 of channel section. The web portion 18 of the member 16 has a plurality of indentations or embossments formed along its length which form ribs 20 projecting from the first member 16 towards the second member 17.
A lintel according to the present invention may be made from sheet steel, preferably galvanised sheet steel.
Although the illustrated lintels incorporate ribs of generally triangular configuration, it will be appreciated that other, for example bulbous, configurations may be used.
WHAT WE CLAIM IS: 1. A lintel of the type described comprising a web portion having a plurality of ribs embossed in the sheet material of the web portion, said ribs being spaced along the length of said web portion.
2. A lintel as claimed in claim 1 in which the ribs are each substantially triangular in both elevation and end views of the web por
ti011, tapering from a minimum width and a minimum depth at or adjacent one longitudinal edge of the web portion to a maximum width and a maximum depth at or adjacent the other ilongitudinal edge of said web portion.
3. A lintel as dairned in claim 1 or claim 2 in which, in use of the lintel, the ribs pro- ject from the web portion towards the outer tin of the cavity wall
4. A lintel as claimed in claim 3 together with claim 2 in which, in use, the one longitudel edge of the web portion ccrm- poses the upper edge of said portion and the oCher longitudinal edge of the web portion comprises the lower edge of said poruon.
5. A lintel as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2 in which alternate ribs project from opposed surfaces of the web portion.
6. A lintel as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 and comprising a bottom crosspiece having a forwardly projecting substantially horizontal plate adapted to support the outer skin of the cavity wall and a rearwardly pro; jecting substant;;slly horizontal plate adapted to support thinner skin of the cavity wall and all upwardly extending longitudinal ridge fenced between the forwardly and rearwardly projecting plates, the web portion being secured along the length of the longitudinal ridge of the bottom crosspiece and projecting upwardly therefrom, and a top plate projecting rearwardly from the upper edge of the web portion and having a substantially horizontal portion adapted to extend into the inner skin of the cavity wall.
7. A lintel as claimed in claim 6 in which the forwardly and rearwardly projecting plates of the bottom crosspiece comprise separate members secured together, the web portion being formed integrally with one or other of said members.
8. A lintel as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7 and made from one or more sheets of steel.
9. A lintel of the type described and substantially as described with reference to Figs.
1 and 2, or Fig. 3, or Fig. 4, or Fig. 5, or Fig. 6 of the drawings accompanying the Provisional Specification.
GB3603675A 1976-11-17 1976-11-17 Lintels Expired GB1569407A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB3603675A GB1569407A (en) 1976-11-17 1976-11-17 Lintels

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB3603675A GB1569407A (en) 1976-11-17 1976-11-17 Lintels

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB1569407A true GB1569407A (en) 1980-06-11

Family

ID=10384258

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB3603675A Expired GB1569407A (en) 1976-11-17 1976-11-17 Lintels

Country Status (1)

Country Link
GB (1) GB1569407A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2226580A (en) * 1988-12-15 1990-07-04 Mitek Ind Inc Lintel

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2226580A (en) * 1988-12-15 1990-07-04 Mitek Ind Inc Lintel
GB2226580B (en) * 1988-12-15 1993-04-14 Mitek Ind Inc Cavity wall lintels

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