GB1568996A - Process for producing 4-(4'-methyl-4'-hydroxyamyl)-cyclohexene carboxaldehyde products produced thereby and perfume compositions and perfumed articles using same - Google Patents

Description

(54) PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING 4-(4'.METHYL- 4'-HYDROXYAMYL)-A3-CYCLOHEXENE CARBOXALDEHYDE, PRODUCTS PRODUCED THEREBY AND PERFUME COMPOSITIONS AND PERFUMED ARTICLES USING SAME (71) We, INTERNATIONAL FLAVORS & FRAGRANCES INC., a Corporation of the State of New York in the United States of America of 521 West 57th Street, New York, N.Y. 10019, United States of America, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement:- The present invention relates to processes for producing 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' hydroxyamyl) - A3 - cyclohexene carboxaldehyde, products produced thereby and perfume compositions and perfumed articles using same.

The present invention provides a process for producing a composition which contains as a major ingredient a compound defined by the structure:

where the formyl group is located at position p or q comprising.

Intimately admixing acrolein having the structure CH2:CH . CHO with myrcenol having the structure:

characterised in that the reaction is carried out: (i) In the presence of a catalytic quantity of one or more Lewis acid catalysts of the formulae ZnX2, SflX4, AIX3 and RAlmXn where X is chlorine or bromine, R is lower alkyl and m+n=3 and each of m and n are 1 or 2; (ii) At a temperature in the range of from about -20 C up to about 100"C; and (iii) At a pressure of from about I atmosphere up to about 100 atmospheres; the mole ratio of acrolein reactant:myrcenol reactant being in the range of from about 10:1 up to about 1:10, the weight percent of Lewis acid catalyst based upon the total weight of acrolein reactant and myrcenol reactant being from about 0.2 up to about 1oOA'.

Herein, by the term "lower alkyl" is meant C1-C6, preferably C1-C4, alkyl.

Divisional Applications Nos. 20420/79 (Serial No. 1,568,997) and 20421/79 (Serial No. 1,568,998) also provide processes for preparing "lyral" and Divisional Application No. 20422/79 (Serial No. 1,568,999) provides a process for preparing myracaldehyde.

The processes of this invention and the three Divisional Applications are set out in the following schematic process diagram:

0 + KIc"\H Rcute , q Lewis acid iCHO mgrcene (2b) acrolein catalyst qracaldehyde (lib) 0 oil Routes HO IqCHO t;Wsacid p tnlJrcenol (2a) acrolein Y tyral (la) aldehyde(lb) t10 aldehyde(lb)CRO bil RouteJItX] / RCOO CHO Routelll bi aCHO myrac aldehyde tyral (Id) hydrohalide (Ic) carboalkoxylate wherein X is chloro or bromo, R is lower alkyl, and the formyl group is located at position p or q.

Surprisingly, in one aspect of our invention, it has been found that myrcenol (having the structure 2a) can be reacted with acrolein, CH2:CH . CHO, under mild conditions in the presence of at least one of the Lewis acid catalysts, of the formulae ZnX2, SnX2, SnX4,AlX3, and RAlmXn (where X is chlorine or bromine, R is lower alkyl and m+n=3 and each of m and n are 1 or 2) to obtain the Diels-Alder reaction product, 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' - hydroxyamyl)- A3 - cyclohexene carboxaldehyde (lyral - la), in good yields and in relatively short times. This is shown as Route I in the reaction diagram.

Similarly it has been found that myrcene (having the structures 2b) can be reacted with acrolein under mild conditions in the presence of at least one of the same genus of catalysts to obtain the Diels-Alder reaction product, 4 - (4' methyl - 3' - pentenyl) - A3 - cyclohexene carboxaldehyde (myrac aldehyde-lb) in good yields and in relative short times. This is shown as Route IV in the reaction diagram and Application No. 20422/79 (Serial No. 1,568,999) relates thereto.

Thus, the present invention contemplates, interalia, a process to provide mixtures containing a major proportion of 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' - hydroxyamyl) A3 - cyclohexene carboxaldehyde which process comprises the steps of intimately admixing acrolein with myrcenol: i) In the presence of a catalytic quantity of one or more Lewis acid catalysts of the formula ZnX2, SnX4, AIX3, RAlrnXn where X is chloride or bromide, R is lower alkyl and m+n=3 and each of m and n are 1 or 2; ii) At a temperature in the range of from about -20"C up to about 100 C; and iii) At a pressure of from about 1 atmosphere to about 100 atmospheres.

Depending on the specific catalyst used, the resulting product which is a mixture of compounds having the structures:

1 a(i) (-CHO at p position)

1 a(ii) (-CHO at q position).

is produced in various isomer ratios. From an aroma and perfumery standpoint it is highly desirable to produce a mixture containing as much as possible of the 4 - (4' methyl - 4' - hydroxyamyl - A3 - cyclohexene carboxaldehyde having the structure 1 a(i). The following table set forth the isomer ratios of the compound having the structure 1 a(i) to the compound having the structure 1 a(ii) produced by both the "thermal" method of the prior art (U.S. Patent 2,947,780) and the catalytic method of the instant invention: TABLE I Ratio of Compound Having the Structure 1 a(i) To Compound Having the Nature of Reaction Structure 1 a(ii) Thermal reaction of U.S.

Patent No. 2,947,780 (Example V, infra) 2.5:1 Zinc chloride catalyzed reaction of Examples I--III, infra 9:1 Stannic chloride catalyzed reaction of Example IV, infra 38:1 The mole ratio of acrolein reactant:myrcenol reactant is required to be in the range of from about 10:1 to about 1:10 with the most preferable mole ratio being about 1:1.

The temperature of reaction varies from -20"C up to 1000C but the preferable temperature range is a function of the particular catalyst used. Thus, when using a zinc chloride or a zinc bromide catalyst, the temperature of reaction can vary between 20 and 800 C, with a temperature range of 40--50"C being the most desired range. When using stannic chloride, aluminum chloride, and ethyl aluminum dichloride, the temperature range usable is -20"C up to 500C with the most preferred temperature range being e100C.

It has been found that certain Lewis acid catalysts are unuseable in this process, namely, titanium tetrachloride or boron trifluoride etherate.

Myrac aldehyde (lb) also may be produced by a similar process shown as Route IV in the reaction diagram, which process comprises intimately admixing acrolein with myrcene (2b): i) In the presence of a catalytic quantity of one or more Lewis acid catalysts of the genus ZnX2, SnX4, AIX3, RAl,nXn where X is chloride or bromide, R is lower alkyl and m+n=3 and each of m and n are 1 or 2; ii) At a temperature in the range of from about -20"C up to about 100"C; and iii) At a pressure of from about 1 atmosphere to about 100 atmospheres, in the production of myrac aldehyde the mole ratio of acrolein reactant:myrcene reactant is required to be in the range of from about 10:1 to about 1:10 with the most preferable mole ratio being about 1:1.

The temperature of reaction varies from -20"C up to 1000C but the preferable temperature range is a function of the particular catalyst used. Thus, when using a zinc chloride or a zinc bromide catalyst, the temperature of reaction can vary between 20 and 800 C, with a temperature range of 40--50"C being the most desired range. When using stannic chloride, aluminium chloride, and ethyl aluminium chloride, the temperature range usable is 0"--20"C with the most preferred temperature range being 0--100C.

One of the outstanding advantages of the Route I-IV processes is the fact that only modest temperatures are required to achieve good yields and satisfactory reaction times. Even at the above-mentioned modest temperatures, reaction times of the order of from about 1 up to 10 hours are achieved, and it is generally preferred to carry out the reaction for about from 7 to 9 hours.

The quantity of catalyst can vary from about 0.2% up to about 10% (of the reaction mass) and is related to the temperature and time of reaction. The most preferred amount of catalyst (percent based on total weight of reactant used) is from 1 up to 2%.

The reaction can be carried out over a range of pressures, but since the process does not require special high-pressure techniques like those of the prior art, it is especially preferred to conduct the reaction at atmospheric pressure.

Another of the advantages is the freedom in admixing reagents. It is possible to use any combination of sequention or simultaneous addition of the myrcenol or myrcene, acrolein and catalyst. It has been found desirable in obtaining the highest possible yields to first admix the catalyst with the myrcenol or myrcene. Then, with good agitation the acrolein is added, for example using a metering pump, over a period of time of from 3 to about 6 hours, while maintaining the reaction temperature in the desired temperature range.

The resulting product from the process can be washed with salt solutions, such as sodium chloride solutions, to facilitate separation of reaction products from catalyst and to provide an initial cleansing of the product. The reaction product is recovered from the reaction mixture and can then be subjected to conventional purification and/or isolation techniques such as distillation, extraction and preparative chromatographic techniques. It is especially preferred to purify the materials by vacuum distillation, and adjuvant materials such as anti-oxidants, petroleum base oils and trialkanolamines can be used. Triethanolamine and calcium carbonate are preferred agents for scavenging traces of acids before or during the distillation.

It is also possible, but not necessarily desirable, to carry out the reaction in the presence of a liquid reaction vehicle. If such a vehicle is used, it is preferably a solvent for the reactants and product of reaction. Such solvent is to be inert under the reaction conditions. Preferred reaction vehicles include methylene dichloride, toluene, benzene, diethylether, other ethers, esters, nitriles, nitro compounds and chlorinated solvents, particularly halogenated mononuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, such as dichlorobenzene. The quantity of vehicle utilized can range from none to about 300 g for each mole of myrcenol in the reaction mixture. It is preferred to use up to 250 g of vehicle for each mole of the myrcenol.

In summary, the advantages of the instant process for preparing reaction by Route I in the reaction diagram products containing major quantities of 4 - (4' methyl - 4' - hydroxyamyl) - A3 - cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde are as follows: 1. The reaction can be carried out in standard vessels without pressure equipment or continuous flow equipment.

2. The reaction can be carried out at moderate temperatures.

3. The reaction gives rise to high-throughput, high conversion, and high yield.

4. The noxious odour as well as the toxicity of acrolein can be easily contained by using the procedures of the instant invention.

5. The isomerisation of the product having the structure la(i) (-CHO at p position) to the product having the structure la(ii) (-CHO at q position) is in favour of the compound having the structure la(i) relative to the thermal Diels Alder reaction used to produce reaction products containing high proportions of 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' - hydroxyamyl) - A3 - cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde.

Lyral (la) may also be produced from myrac aldehyde having the structure lb wherein the formyl group is present in the "p" position, or the formyl group is present in both the "p" and "q" positions, i) by means of direct hydration; or ii) by hydrohalogenation to form a halide (hydrohalomyrac aldehyde) followed by either: (a) hydrolysis of the halide or, in the alternative; (b) replacement of the halide moiety with a carboalkoxy moiety and subsequent hydrolysis of the thus-formed carboalkoxy moiety.

Thus, it has been found that myrac aldehyde having the structure lb wherein the formyl group is present in the "p" position or the aldehyde is a mixture of isomers with the formyl group in the "p" and "q" positions respectively can be directly hydrated by Route II in the reaction diagram to a mixture containing a predominant quantity of 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' - hydroxyamyl) - A3 - cyclohexene carboxaldehyde, by using an acidic hydration agent such as: (a) a mixture of at least one protonic acid and at least one water miscible, organic solvent; (b) one or a mixture of ion exchange resins; (c) one or a mixture of acidic polymerization catalysts; or (d) one or a mixture of activated clays and, more preferably, one of the following acidic hydration materials: (i) mixture of lower alkanoic acid (e.g. formic acid and acetic acid) and ptoluene sulfonic acid; (ii) mixture of 30 /,, aqueous sulfuric acid and tetrahydrofuran; (iii) mixture of 30% sulfuric acid and dimethyl formamide; (iv) mixture of 50% sulfuric acid and tetrahydrofuran; (v) mixture of 65% sulfuric acid and acetic acid; (vi) mixture of methane sulfonic acid and tetrahydrofuran; (vii) sulfonated copolymer of styrene and divinyl benzene; (viii) mixture of (a) sulfonated copolymer of styrene and divinyl benzene and (b) lower alkanoic acid; (ix) activated clay adsorbent; (x) silico-phosphoric acid polymerization catalyst; or (xi) mixture of aqueous hydrochloric acid and a lower alkanol.

With reference to the reaction of myrac aldehyde and the acidic hydration agent, the temperature of reaction may vary from OOC up to 1200C depending on the particular catalyst system used. An example of the sulfonated copolymer of styrene and divinyl benzene (containing about 4% divinyl benzene) is Dowex 50W X4 produced by the Dow Chemical Company of Midland, Michigan. An example of an activated clay adsorbent is Filtrol 105 having the following properties: Particle Size Analysis By Roller (10 liters/min. air rate) 0--5 Microns, Wt. % 8 020 Microns, Wt. % 43 By Tyler Standard Sieve Through 100 Mesh, Wt.% 100 Through 200 Mesh, Wt. % 95 Through 325 Mesh, Wt. % 78 Apparent Bulk Density, Ib/cu.ft. 42 Free Moisture, Wt. % 15 Free and Combined Moisture, Wt. % 21 (Loss at 17000 F) Surface Area (BET Method), Sq.M/gm. 300 Acidity, Phenolphthalein, mg.KOH/gm. 4.8 Filter Rate, cc/min. 38 Oil Retention, Wt. % 35 An example of the silico-phosphoric acid polymerization catalyst is UOP-SPA-2 polymerization catalyst manufactured by the Universal Oil Products Company of Des Plaines, Illinois.

The time of reaction is primarily a function of four variables: (1) temperature of reaction; (2) conversion desired; (3) particular hydration reagent utilized; and (4) concentration of hydration reagent in reaction mass.

In general, higher temperatures of reaction give rise to shorter required time of reaction, but too high a temperature of reaction and/or too long a time of reaction causes a diminution of conversion due to product decomposition. In general, higher concentration of hydration reagents in the reaction mass give rise to shorter time periods of reaction for a given conversion to the desired "lyral" reaction product. Thus, in general, the time of reaction may vary from 1 hour up to 48 hours.

The particular hydration reagent used in the process of our invention is surprisingly highly specific. Thus, a wide variety of hydration agents or hydration agent systems will be unworkable, for example: 64% sulfuric acid; 50% sulfuric acid; 30% sulfuric acid; 65% sulfuric acid-tetrahydrofuran mixture; 50% sulfuric acid-dimethyl formamide mixture; and methane sulfonic acid.

The concentration of hydration material in the reaction mass can vary from about 3% (when using such materials as polymerization catalyst [e.g. silicophosphoric acid]) to about 50% when using hydration reagents such as a paratoluene sulfonic acid-formic acid mixture or a para-toluene sulfonic acid-acetic acid mixture. Preferably from about 3% up to about 10% by weight of the reaction mass of polymerization catalyst (e.g. silico-phosphoric acid) or cation exchange resin (e.g. Dowex 50W-X4) or activated clay adsorbent (e.g., Filtrol grade (105) is preferred, and from about 25% up to about 60% by weight of the reaction mass of hydration reagent such as 65% aqueous sulfuric acid-acetic acid mixture or 50% aqueous sulfuric acid-tetrahydrofuran mixture or 30% aqueous sulfuric acidtetrahydrofuran mixture or 30% aqueous sulfuric acid-dimethyl formamide mixture or para-toluene sulfonic acid-formic acid mixture or methane sulfonic acidtetrahydrofuran mixture is preferred. The ratio of protonic acid:co-solvent, e.g.

sulfuric acid, methane sulfonic or para-toluene sulfonic acid:tetrahydrofuran, dimethyl formamide or acetic acid is preferably in the range of from about 1:5 up to about 5:1 on a dry basis and on a weight:weight ratio.

In summary, the advantages of the Route II process for preparing reaction products containing major quantities of 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' - hydroxyamyl) - 3 cyclohexene carboxaldehyde are as follows: 1) The reaction can be carried out in standard vessels without pressure equipment and on a batch or a continuous basis; 2) The reaction can be carried out at moderate temperatures; 3) The reaction gives rise to high throughput, high conversion and high yields; 4) The noxious odor as well as the toxicity of certain Diels-Alder reagents such as acrolein does not exist as in the case of the prior art Diels-Alder reactions; and 5) The odor of morpholine or other amines (previously used to protect the carboxaldehyde during hydration) and problems concerning separation of such amines from the reaction mass at the end of the reaction do not exist.

It has been found that myrac aldehyde having the structure lb wherein the formyl group is present in the "p" position, or in both the "p" and "q" positions can be first hydrohalogenated with HCI or HBr to form hydrohalomyrac aldehyde having the structure lc, and the hydrohalomyrac aldehyde is then either (a) hydrolyzed with base, e.g. alcoholic alkali metal carbonates, bicarbonates, and/or hydroxides or mixtures of same; or (b) reacted whereby the halogen group is replaced with a carboalkoxy group (e.g. acetate) using an alkali metal alkanoate having the structure R. CO . O-M+ wherein R is lower alkyl and M is an alkali metal such as sodium, to form a compound having the structure Id which is, in turn, hydrolyzed with base, e.g. aqueous alcoholic alkali metal hydroxide under reflux conditions.

The reaction sequence is illustrated by Route III a/b in the reaction diagram.

The hydrohalogenation step is advantageously carried out using anhydrous hydrogen chloride or hydrogen bromide in an inert solvent such as glacial acetic acid. The reaction temperature is between 0 and 30"C, preferably 10--150C. The reaction pressure is most conveniently atmospheric, but higher pressures will give rise to shorter time periods of reaction. The range of weight ratios of myrac aldehyde:hydrogen halide, HC1 or HBr may vary from 10:1 to 1:1 with a preferred weight ratio of about 5:1. The range of weight ratios of myrac aldehyde:solvent is 1:1 up to 1:10 with a ratio of 1:5 being preferred.

At the end of the reaction, the reaction mass can be "worked up" by pouring same onto crushed ice and extracting for example the hydrochloromyrac aldehyde with an inert and volatile extraction solvent such as diethyl ether. The extract is dried using an inert drying agent such as anhydrous magnesium sulfate and stripped of solvent. Preferably, the hydrochloromyrac aldehyde is then hydrolyzed or reacted with a carboalkoxylation agent to form the corresponding acetate which is then hydrolyzed.

The hydrolysis of the hydrochloromyrac aldehyde or hydrobromomyrac aldehyde can be carried out in the presence of an aqueous base such as an alkali metal carbonate, bicarbonate or hydroxide; for example sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate, sodium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide in the presence of an inert organic solvent such as isopropanol at a temperature of between 50 and 1200C, preferably reflux temperature of the reaction mass (8850C in the case of a 50:50 water:isopropanol hydrolysis medium). The weight ratio of water-inert organic solvent may vary from 1:5 up to 5:1 with a preferred ratio of 1:1. The weight ratio of base:water may vary from 1:25 up to 1:2 with a weight ratio of 1:10 being preferred.

The reaction of the hydrochloromyrac aldehyde or hydrobromomyrac aldehyde with the carboalkoxylation agent in order to replace the halide moiety with an ester moiety can take place using an alkali metal salt of a lower alkanoic acid in anhydrous media; e.g., sodium acetate, or potassium acetate in the presence of an inert solvent, e.g., toluene or xylene at reflux temperatures. This reaction also preferably takes place in the presence of a phase transfer agent which may be one or more of several organic quaternary ammonium salts. Specific examples of phase transfer agents useful in the invention are as follows: Tricapryl methyl ammonium chloride; Cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide; and Benzyl trimethyl ammonium hydroxide.

In general, the phase transfer agents most preferred have the generic formula:

wherein at least one of R,', R2,, R3, and R4, is C ,C4 aryl, C"C,O aralkyl, C CzO alkyl, C4-C14 alkaryl and C420 alkenyl and the other of R2,, R3, and R4, is alkyl such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, l-butyl, 2-butyl, l-methyl-2-propyl, I-pentvl and l-octyl and Z- is an anion such as chloride, bromide and hydroxide.

Hydrolysis of the resultant carboalkoxylate to give lyral preferably is performed by refluxing the carboalkoxylate in aqueous alcoholic base, conveniently aqueous methanolic sodium hydroxide solution.

At the end of the reaction, the lyral having the structure la wherein the formyl group is present in the "p" position or in both the "p" and "q" positions, can be extracted from the reaction mass using an inert volatile extraction solvent such as diethyl ether. The extract can then be dried, stripped of solvent, preferably under reduced pressure, and the resultant "crude" lyral fractionally distilled.

The mixture containing 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' - hydroxyamyl)- A3 - cyclohexene carboxaldehyde produced according to the process of our invention and one or more auxiliary perfume ingredients, including, for example, alcohols, other aldehydes, nitriles, esters, cyclic esters, and natural essential oils, may be admixed so that the combined odors of the individual components produce a pleasant and desired fragrance, particularly and preferably in lilac, floral, fougere, bouquet and rose fragrances. Such perfume compositions usually contain (a) the main note or the "bouquet" or foundation stone of the composition; (b) modifiers which round off and accompany the main note; (c) fixatives which include odorous substances which lend a particular note to the perfume throughout all stages of evaporation and substances which retard evaporation; and (d) topnotes which are usually low boiling fresh smelling materials.

In perfume compositions, it is the individual components which contribute to their particular olfactory characteristics, however, the over-all sensory effect of the perfume composition will be at least the sum total of the effects of each of the ingredients. Thus, the mixture containing 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' - hydroxyamyl) A3 - cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde produced according to the process of our invention can be used to alter, modify, or enhance the aroma characteristics of a perfume composition, for example, by utilizing or moderating the olfactory reaction contributed by another ingredient in the composition.

The amount of mixture containing 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' - hydroxyamyl) - A3 cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde produced according to the process of our invention, which will be effective in perfume compositions as well as in perfumed articles and colognes depends on many factors, including the other ingredients, their amounts, and the effects which are desired. It has been found that perfume compositions containing as little as 0.01% of the mixture containing 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' hydroxyamyl)- A3 - cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde produced according to the process of our invention, or even less (e.g., 0.005%) can be used to impart (or augment, enhance, or modify) a sweet, lilac-lily aromatic odor to (or in) soaps, cosmetics, or other products: The amount employed can range up to 70% of the fragrance components and will depend on considerations of cost, nature of the end product, the effect desired on the finished product, and the particular fragrance sought.

The mixture containing 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' - hydroxyamyl)- A3 - cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde produced according to the process of our invention is useful, taken alone or in perfume compositions, or as an olfactory component in detergents and soaps, space odorants and deodorants, perfumes, colognes, toilet water, bath preparations such as bath oils and bath solids, hair preparations (such as lacquers, brilliantines, pomades and shampoos), cosmetic preparations (such as creams, deodorants, hand lotions and sun screens), and powders (such as talcs, dusting powders, face powders and the like). When used as an olfactory component, as little as 1% of the mixture containing 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' hydroxyamyl)- A3 - cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde produced according to the process of our invention will suffice to impart a pleasant lilac-lily note to lilac, floral, fougere, bouquet, and rose formulations. Generally, no more than 8% of the mixture containing 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' - hydroxyamyl) - A3 cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde produced according to the process of our invention, based on the ultimate end product, is required in the perfume composition.

In addition, the perfume composition or fragrance composition of our invention can contain a vehicle, or carrier for the mixture containing 4 - (4' methyl - 4' - hydroxyamyl)- A3 - cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde produced according to the process of our invention. The vehicle can be a liquid such as a non-toxic alcohol or a non-toxic glycol. The carrier can also be an absorbent solid, such as a gum (e.g. gum arabic) or component for encapsulating the composition (such as gelatin).

The words "Dowex", "Filtrol", "Ionol", "Amberlyst", "Ionox" and "Aliquat" are Trade Marks.

The following Examples are provided only generally to illustrate the invention and Examples I-V and VII-XV specifically illustrate the invention which is not to be considered as restricted thereto except as indicated in the claims.

Examples I-V (B) illustrate the production of "lyral" from myrcenol using Lewis acid catalysts by Route I in the reaction diagram.

Examples V(C) and V(D) illustrate the production of myrac aldehyde from myrcene by Route IV in the reaction diagram.

Example VI illustrates the thermal Diels-Alder reaction of the prior art (U.S.

Patent 2,947,780).

Examples VII-XV illustrate the utility of the products of Examples I-V.

product resulting from the zinc chloride catalyzed reaction of myrcenol and acrolein exemplified in Example I.

Figure 2 is the GLC profile for the reaction product resulting from zinc chloride catalyzed reaction of myrcenol and acrolein exemplified in Example IV.

Figure 3 is the GLC profile for the reaction product resulting from the noncatalyzed thermal Diels-Alder reaction of myrcenol and acrolein exemplified in Example VI.

Figure 4 is the infra red spectrum of the product of Example III.

Figure 5 is the NMR spectrum of the product of Example III.

Figure 5A is the reference GLC profile having a preformed mixture of lyral and myrac aldehyde.

Figure SB is the GLC profile of the reaction product of Example 5(A).

Figure SC is the GLC profile of the reaction product of Example 5(B).

Figure 6 is a GLC profile of the reaction product of Example XXXII, Part E.

Figure 7 is a GLC profile of the reaction product of Example XXXII, Part F.

Figure 8 is a GLC profile of the reaction product of Example XXXII, Part G.

Figure 9 is a GLC profile of the reaction product of Example XXXII, Part H.

Figure 10 is a GLC profile of the reaction product of Example XXXII, Part I.

Figure 11 is a GLC profile of the reaction product of Example XXXV.

Figure 12 is the NMR spectrum for the lyral produced according to the process of Example XXXV.

Figure 13 is the NMR spectrum for the myrac aldehyde produced according to the process of Example XXXV.

Figure 14 is the infra red spectrum for the lyral produced according to the process of Example XXXV.

Figure 15 is the infra red spectrum for the myrac aldehyde produced according to the process of Example XXXV.

EXAMPLES I, II and III Production of "Lyral" From Myrcenol and Acrolein Using a Zinc Chloride Catalyst Into a 12-liter reaction flask equipped with mechanical stirrer, thermometer, metering pump, reflux condenser and heating mantle is placed 6600 g (42.8 moles) of myrcenol and 90 g (0.66 moles) of zinc chloride.

The resulting mixture is then heated to 450C, and the heating mantle is removed. With good agitation, 2400 g (42.8 moles) of acrolein is added via the metering pump over a 54 hour period with the reaction temperature maintained at 45--500C using a cooling bath.

After the exothermic reaction has subsided, the heating mantle is replaced, and the reaction mass is maintained at a temperature of 45-500C for two hours.

The reaction mass is then transferred to a separatory funnel and washed at 600C with 4500 ml of 10% aqueous sodium chloride solution and then with 4500 ml 10% aqueous sodium carbonate.

By carrying out the foregoing procedure, a yield of 8928 g of crude product is obtained. Analysis of this material by internal standard gas-liquid chromatography indicates 88.8% of 4- -4'- methyl - 4' - hydroxyamyl)- A3 - cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde and, by area normalization, 9.2% myrcenol. This represents an 87.5% conversion and essentially 100% chemical yield of 4 - (4' methyl - 4' - hydroxyamyl) - A3 - cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde based on myrcenol.

Two additional experiments are carried out using concentrations of zinc chloride different from that used in Example I. Summaries of these two experiments, as well as Example I, are set forth in the following Table II.

TABLE II Example I II III Reactants: Myrcenol 6600 g 2633 g 2002 g Wt. (moles) (42.8) (17.1) (13) Acrolein 2400g 212g 728g wt. (moles) (42.8) (16.3) (13) Catalyst: ZnCl2 88 g 50 g 54.6 wt. (wt% based on total reactants) (1%) (1.4%) (2%) Analysis of washed crude: wt. 8928g 3653g 2847g 4(4'-methyl-4' hydroxyamyl)-A3 cyclohexene- 88.8 85.9 83.1 carboxaldehyde "Lyral" (7928 g) (3138 g) (2366 g) %(wit) Myrcenol 9.2 10.5 9.2 % (wt) (821 g) (384 g) (262 g) % Conversion 87.5 85.4 86.9 Yield (estimate) 100 100 100 The GLC profile (conditions: 500'x0.03" carbowax 20M coated stainless steel open tubular column programmed from 80 to 1800C at 20C per minute) for the reaction product of Example I is shown in Figure 1. The major peaks are "A" (9.3%) and "B" (90.3%).

The infra-red spectrum of the reaction product is set forth in Figure 4. The NMR spectrum of the reaction product is set forth in Figure 5.

Infra-Red Analysis 905, 1145, 1200, 1305, 1320, 1430, 1445, 1715, 2830, 2900, 2930, 2960, 3430 cm-1.

NMR Analysis, 100 Mllz (Solvent: CDCl3) Peak Interpretation

EXAMPLE IV Preparation of "Lyral" From Myrcenol and Acrolein Using a Stannic Chloride Catalyst Into a 2-liter reaction flask equipped with mechanical stirrer, thermometer, addition funnel, and reflux condenser is added, with stirring 5.2 g of SnCI4 and 300 g of toluene. The resulting mixture is cooled to 3 C. With good agitation, 168 g (3 moles) of acrolein dissolved in 100 g of toluene is added over a five-minute period with the reaction temperature being maintained at 30C. Over a period of four hours, 320 g (2 moles) myrcenol is charged to the reaction flask with stirring while maintaining the temperature of the reaction mass in the range of 20C--5"C.

200 g of ice is added to the reaction mass together with 300 g of water, the mixture is stirred for a period of 15 minutes, and the phases are separated. The aqueous phase is then extracted with one 100 cc portion of toluene, and the organic layers are combined and washed with two 100 cc portions of saturated sodium chloride solution. One gram of Ionol and 10 g of triethanolamine are added to the washed organic solution which is distilled rapidly through a short column without fractionation.

The distillate collected at 141-1530C and 1.4--3.9 mm Hg is then fractionated using a 12"x 1" Goodloe packed column to give 276 g of product (B.P.

125--126"C/0.7 mm Hg).

The GLC profile (conditions as in Example I) for the reaction product resulting from the SnCI4 catalyzed reaction of myrcenol and acrolein is set forth in Figure 2, the peaks being "A" (2.50/,) and "B" (93.8%).

EXAMPLE V Preparation of "Lyral" From Myrcenol and Acrolein Using a Stannic Chloride Catalyst A 22-liter reaction flask equipped with a thermometer, air driven stirrer, two addition funnels, reflux condenser, and cooling bath is charged with 2500 g toluene and 32.5 g of anhydrous stannic chloride. One of the addition funnels is charged with 3850 g (25.0 moles) of myrcenol, and the other additional funnel is charged with a solution of 1540 g (27.5 moles) of acrolein in 2500 g of toluene. The flask contents are stirred and cooled to OOC. Approximately 10% of the acrolein solution is added and the contents of both separatory funnels are then added simultaneously at approximately equal rates over a five hour interval. After about 40% of the addition, GLC analysis indicated that the reaction was slow, and therefore an additional 32.5 g of catalyst was added. The reaction temperature is maintained at 0--5"C for most of the addition of reactants and for 1 hour after the addition. The reaction mass is then maintained at 5--120C for 45 minutes. A solution of 50 g of sodium hydroxide in l-liter of water followed by 5 g Ionox are then added with good agitation. The mixture is then allowed to settle. The aqueous phase is then extracted with 1200 g of toluene and the organic layers are combined and are washed twice with one liter portions of saturated sodium chloride solution.

Triethanolamine (75 g) is added, and the resulting material is distilled without fractionation. The distillate collected at a vapor temperature of 155--163"C and a pressure of 0.8-1.1 mm Hg is then fractionally distilled using a 12"x 1" Goodloe packed column to give 3000 g of product, b.p. 133--135"C at-0.50.9 mm Hg.

EXAMPLE V(A) Preparation of Lyral From Myrcenol and Acrolein Using an Aluminum Chloride Catalyst Into a 250 cc flask equipped with stirrer, condenser, thermometer, dropping funnel and drying tube is placed a mixture of 0.5 g of aluminum chloride (0.0037 moles) and 10 cc of toluene. A mixture of 20 g (0.35 moles) of acrolein and 50 g (0.32 moles) of myrcenol is added dropwise over a period of 1.25 hours to the aluminum chloride-toluene mixture while maintaining the reaction mass temperature at OOC during the addition using dry ice isopropyl alcohol bath. After the addition the reaction mass is stirred at a temperature of 020 C for a period of 30 minutes. 30 cc water is added to the reaction mass followed by 50 cc diethyl ether. The resulting organic layer is separated from the aqueous layer, and the organic layer is extracted with two 50 cc portions of saturated sodium bicarbonate followed by two 50 cc portions of water. The thus washed organic layer is dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated.

GLC analysis (conditions: SF-96 column programmed at 100--2000C at 8 C/minute) indicates the production of 73.9 /n lyral and 0.40/, myrac aldehyde. It also indicates the presence of 25.0 unreacted myrcenol.

The GLC profile for the resulting reaction product is set forth in Figure SB. A reference GLC profile having a preformed mixture of lyral and myrac aldehyde is set forth in Figure SA.

The resulting product is then fractionally distilled yielding lyral boiling at 133--135"C at 0.5--0.9 mm Hg pressure.

EXAMPLE V(B) Production of Lyral From Acrolein and Myrcenol Using Ethyl Aluminium Dichloride Catalyst Into a 250 cc flask equipped with stirrer, condenser, thermometer, dropping funnel and drying tube is placed a mixture of 1.0 g (0.008 moles) of ethyl aluminium chloride and 10 cc of toluene. A mixture of 20 g (0.35 moles) of acrolein and 50 g (0.32 moles) of myrcenol is added dropwise over a period of 1.25 hours to the ethyl aluminium dichloride-toluene mixture while maintaining the reaction mass temperature of 0 C during the addition using dry ice isopropyl alcohol bath. After the addition the reaction mass is stirred at a temperature of 0--20"C for a period of 30 minutes. 30 cc water is added to the reaction mass followed by 50 cc diethyl ether. The resulting organic layer is separated from the aqueous layer, and the organic layer is extracted with two 50 cc portions of saturated sodium bicarbonate followed by two 50 cc portions of water. The thus washed organic layer is dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated.

GLC analysis (conditions: SF-96 column programmed at 100--2000C at 8"C/minute) indicates the production of 78.2% lyral and 1.2% myrac aldehyde. It also indicates the presence of 19.7% unreacted myrcenol.

The GLC profile for the resulting reaction product is set forth in Figure 5C. A reference GLC profile having a preformed mixture of lyral and myrac aldehyde is set forth in Figure 5A.

The resulting product is then fractionally distilled yielding lyral boiling at 133--135"C at 0.5--0.9 mm Hg pressure.

EXAMPLES V(C) and V(D) Production of Myrac Aldehyde from Myrcene and Acrolein Using Aluminium Chloride and Ethyl Aluminium Dichloride Catalyst The procedures set out in Examples V(A) and V(B) are repeated using myrcene in place of myrcenol to yield myrac aldehyde.

EXAMPLE VI Prior Art Process for Production of "Lyral" From Myrcenol and Acrolein by Thermal Diels-Alder Reaction 575 grams myrcenol, 432 grams acrolein, and 10 grams hydroquinone are combined in a sealed reactor and heated to lSO0C for 4-1/2 hours accompanied by agitation. The reactor is allowed to cool, and the contents are removed and subjected to vacuum fractionation. After a forerun of unreacted inert isomeric C,0 alcohols distills off, there are obtained 640 g of product of B.P. 126--133"C at 2 mm Hg. On redistillation, there is obtained 442 g of product of B.P. 120--122"C at 1 mm Hg, with a refractive index of 200 C, 1.4915; specific gravity at 200 C, 0.9941; ultraviolet absorption maximum, 292 millimicrons. The product tests 99.70/, aldehyde by oximation test. Yield by weight=56.8%, based on the myrcenol used.

the product is 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' - hydroxyamyl) - A3 cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde. This product has a very sweet lilac-lily aromatic odor.

The GLC profile (conditions as in Example I) for the reaction product resulting from the thermal non-catalyzed reaction of myrcenol and acrolein is set forth in Figure 3 and indicates two major peaks, "A" (27.8%) and "B" (69.7%).

EXAMPLE VII A perfume composition of the "Fougere" type is produced: Part by Ingredients weight cinnamic alcohol 50 musk ambrette 40 vanillin 5 coumarin 80 oakmoss resinoid 10 linalool 125 linalyl acetate 150 benzyl acetate 50 phenylethanol 70 oil of bergamot 100 oil of lavender 45/47 150 geranium oil (Bourbon) 50 sandlewood oil E.I. 50 eugenol 5 isoeugenol 15 amyl salicylate 20 benzyl salicylate 20 product produced according to Ex. I containing major proportion of 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' hydroxyamyl) - A3 - cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde 20 1010 This product produced by Example I imparts a very sweet lilac-lily aromatic odor to this 'iFoug re" formulation.

EXAMPLE VIII A perfume composition of the "Rose" type is produced by admixing the following ingredients: Parts by Ingredients Weight phenylethyl phenyl acetate 20 phenylethyl salicylate 40 geraniol 150 phenylethanol 240 citronellol 150 sandlewood oil E.I. 20 nonanediol diacetate - 1,3 75 geranyl acetate 50 geranyl phenylacetate 20 citronellyl formiate 20 phenylethyl acetate 25 vphenylethyl propionate 60 phenylacetaldehyde 50 /n in diethylphthalate 20 phenylacetaldehyde 1 ,3-butyleneglycolacetal 20 eugenol 10 methylisoeugenol 10 alpha-hexylcinnamic aldehyde 50 product produced by the process of Ex. III containing a major proportion of 4' - (4 - methyl - 4' hydroxyamyl) - A3 - cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde 40 1030 This "Rose" perfume has a sweet floral aroma enhanced by addition thereto of the product produced according to Example III.

EXAMPLE IX A perfume composition of the "Bouquet" type is produced by admixing the following ingredients: Parts by Ingredients Weight musk ambrette 20 heliotropine 40 benzyl acetate 100 4-tert.butyl cyclohexyl acetate 80 alpha-hexylcinnamic aldehyde 130 alpha-amylcinnamic aldehyde 40 linalyl acetate 30 terpineol 80 geranyl acetate 80 linalool 80 alpha-methyl ionone 100 methyl isoeugenol 25 isoeugenol 15 geraniol 40 phenylethanol 60 styrallyl acetate 20 vetiveryl acetate 50 10-undecene-l -al 5 product produced according to Example IV containing a major proportion of 4- (4' - methyl - 4' hydroxyamyl) - A3 - cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde 5 10000 Addition of the product produced according to Example IV imparts a sweet lilac-lily nuance to this "Bouquet" type perfume composition. The same results are produced when the product produced according to Example IV is replaced by any of the products produced according to Examples V, V(A) or V(B).

EXAMPLE X Preparation of a Cosmetic Powder-Composition A cosmetic powder is prepared by mixing in a ball mill, 100 g of talcum powder with 0.25 g of the mixture containing 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' - hydroxyamyl) - A3 cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde prepared according to Example I. It has an excellent sweet, lilac-lily aroma.

EXAMPLE XI Perfumed Liquid Detergent Concentrated liquid detergents with a sweet, lilac-lily odor are prepared containing 0.10%, 0.15% and 0.20% of the mixture containing 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' hydroxyamyl) - A3 - cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde prepared according to Example IV. They are prepared by adding and homogeneously mixing the appropriate quantity of the mixture containing 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' - hydroxyamyl) - A3 cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde in the liquid detergent. The detergents all possess a sweet, lilac-lily fragrance, the intensity increasing with greater concentrations of mixture containing 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' - hydroxyamyl)- A3 - cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde.

EXAMPLE XII Preparation of a Cologne and Handkerchief Perfume A mixture containing 4 (4' - methyl - 4'- hydroxyamyl)- A3 - cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde prepared according to the process of Example II is incorporated in a cologne at a concentration of 2.5% in 85% aqueous ethanol and into a handkerchief perfume at a concentration of 20% (in 95% aqueous ethanol). A distinct and definite sweet, lilac-lily fragrance is imparted to the cologne and to the handkerchief perfume.

EXAMPLE XIII Preparation of a Cologne and Handkerchief Perfume The composition of Example IX is incorporated in a cologne at a concentration of 2.5% in 85% aqueous ethanol; and into a handkerchief perfume at a concentration of 20% (in 95% aqueous ethanol). The use of the mixture containing 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' - hydroxyamyl) - A3 - cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde in the composition of Example IX affords a distinct and definite strong bouquet aroma with sweet, lilac-lily notes to the handkerchief perfume and cologne.

EXAMPLE XIV Preparation of Soap Composition One hundred grams of soap chips are mixed with one gram of a mixture containing 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' - hydroxyamyl) - A3 - cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde produced according to Example III, until a substantially homogeneous composition is obtained. The perfumed soap composition manifests an excellent sweet, lilac-lily aroma.

EXAMPLE XV Preparation of a Detergent Composition A total of 100 g of a detergent powder is mixed with 0.15 g of the mixture containing 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' - hydroxyamyl) - A3 - cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde prepared according to Example IV until a substantially homogeneous composition is obtained. This composition has an excellent sweet, lilac-lily aroma.

EXAMPLE XVI Preparation of a Mixture of 3- and 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' - hydroxyamyl) - A3 Cyclohexene Carboxaldehyde From Myrac Aldehyde by Direct Hydration Reaction by Route II in reaction diagram.

Into a 500 ml Erlenmeyer flask equipped with thermometer, magnetic stirrer and reflux condenser the following materials are mixed: Ingredient Quantity Myrac aldehyde 100 grams water 50 grams Dowex 50W-X4 cation exchange resin (sulfonated copolymer of styrene and divinyl benzene containing 4% divinyl benzene monomeric units produced by the Dow Chemical Company of Midland, Michigan; moisture content 65.3%; 50- 100 mesh) 10 grams Samples are taken at 30-minute or l-hour time intervals as indicated below and analyzed for the percentage of a mixture of 3- and 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' hydroxyamyl)- A3 - cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde using GLC analysis (SE-30 column). The following table sets forth time, temperature and percent reaction product: % Mixture of 3- and 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' - hydroxyamyl) - A3 cyclohexene carbox Time Temperature aldehyde 0 220C 1 hour 23"C 0 2 hours 90"C 0 3 hours 95"C 1.2% 4 hours 950C 1.8 /n 5 hours 100"C 2.8% 6 hours 100"C 2.8% 7 hours 100"C 2.8% 8 hours 1000C 2.8% 9 hours 100"C 2.8% 10 hours 100"C 2.8% O;: Mixture of 3- and 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' hydroxyamyl) - A3 cyclohexene carbox Time Temperature aldehyde 11 hours 100"C 2.8% 12 hours 100"C 2.8% *22 hours 21"C 4.9% 24 hours 24"C 4.8% 26 hours 25"C 4.6% 29-1/2 hours 64"C 5.4% 27-1/2 hours 103"C 9.1% 31-1/2 hours 100"C 3.7% 33-1/2 hours 1000C 2.0% 35-1/2 hours 100 C 0.1% 36-1/2 hours 100"C complete decomposition *At this point 40 grams of 90% formic acid is added to the reaction mass.

EXAMPLE XVII Preparation of a Mixture of 3- and 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' - hydroxyamyl) - A3 cyclohexene Carboxaldehyde From Myrac Aldehyde by Direct Hydration Reaction by Route II in reaction diagram.

Into a 1 litre reaction flask equipped with stirrer, thermometer, addition funnel and reflux condenser is placed 185 grams of a 33% aqueous sulfuric acid solution.

The sulfuric acid solution is heated to 400C. Over a period of 1-1/2 hours, while maintaining the temperature at 400 C, 220 grams of myrac aldehyde is added to the sulfuric acid solution from the addition funnel. The reaction mass is then maintained at 430C for a period of 14 hours, at the end of which period of time it is determined by GLC analysis that 1.5% mixture of 3- and 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' hydroxyamyl) - A3 - cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde is formed. At this point 10 ml tetrahydrofuran is added to the reaction mass. The reaction mass is then heated for a period of 14 hours at temperatures in the range of 43-500C whereupon it is determined that 2.8% mixture of 3- and 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' - hydroxyamyl) - A3 cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde is formed. The reaction mass is then maintained at 24"C for 8 hours at the end of which period it is determined that 4.0% mixture of 3and 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' - hydroxyamyl) - A3 - cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde is formed. At this point an additional 100 ml tetrahydrofuran is added. The reaction mass is then refluxed for a period of 12 hours at 74--750C at the end of which period of time it is determined that 13.9% mixture of 3- and 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' hydroxyamyl) - A3 - cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde is formed.

The reaction mass is then washed with water followed by saturated aqueous sodium carbonate. The solvent is removed under reduced pressure and the resulting material is determined by GLC analysis to contain 14.8% mixture of 3- and 4 - (4' methyl - 4' - hydroxyamyl) - A3 - cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde.

EXAMPLE XVIII Preparation of a Mixture of 3- and 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' - hydroxyamyl) - A3 cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde From Myrac Aldehyde by Direct Hydration Reaction by Route II in reaction diagram.

Into a 1 liter reaction flask equipped with stirrer, thermometer, addition funnel and reflux condenser the following materials are added: Ingredient Quantity para-toluene sulfonic acid 38 grams 90% aqueous formic acid 180 grams The contents of the reaction vessel is stirred until complete solution is effected. The reaction mass is then cooled to 70C and addition of myrac aldehyde is commenced. 300 grams of myrac aldehyde is then added to the reaction mass over a period of 2-1/2 hours while maintaining the reaction mass at a temperature of between 5 and 10 C. At the end of the 2-1/2 hour period, GLC analysis indicates formation of approximately 10% mixture of 3- and 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' hydroxyamyl) - A3 - cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde. The temperature of the reaction mass is then raised to about 24"C and maintained thereat for a period of 4 hours at which time the percent of mixture of 3- and 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' hydroxyamyl)- A3 - cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde in the reaction mass is determined to be 20%. The reaction mass is then cooled to 9"C, and 50 grams of water is added thereto. The reaction mass is stirred for a period of 1 hour while maintaining it at 9-100C at the end of which time 30.7% mixture of 3- and 4 - (4' methyl - 4' - hydroxyamyl) - A3 - cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde is determined to be present. The reaction mass is then stirred at 20--230C for a period of 9 hours without any apparent change in the percent of mixture of 3- and 4 - (4' - methyl 4' - hydroxyamyl) - A3 - cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde. The reaction mass is then washed with water and saturated aqueous sodium carbonate solution, and the solvent is stripped off. The stripped crude material is ascertained to contain 49.8% mixture of 3- and 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' - hydroxyamyl)- A3 - cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde.

EXAMPLE XIX Preparation of a Mixture of 3- and 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' - hydroxyamyl) - A3 cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde From Myrac Aldehyde by Direct Hydration Reaction by Route II in reaction diagram.

Into a 500 ml reaction flask equipped with a stirrer, thermometer, addition funnel and reflux condenser, the following materials are added: Ingredients Quantity water 50 grams myrac aldehyde 250 grams silico-phosphoric acid polymerization catalyst UOP-SPA-2 (manufactured by Universal Oil Prod. Corp. of Des Plaines, I11.) 10 grams The contents of the reaction flask are stirred at room temperature for a period of 2 hours at which time no formation of a mixture of 3- and 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' hydroxyamyl) - A3 - cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde takes place. The reaction mass is then raised to 500C and maintained thereat for a period of 2 hours at which time no formation of a mixture of 3- and 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' - hydroxyamyl) - A3 cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde takes place. The contents of the reaction mass are then cooled and 50 grams of formic acid are added at room temperature. The reaction mass is then stirred at room temperature for a period of 8 hours at which time the reaction mass is heated to 700C and maintained thereat for a period of 4 - hours. The reaction mass is then heated to reflux for a period of 11 hours at which time it is determined by GLC analysis to contain 9% of a mixture of 3- and 4 - (4' methyl - 4' - hydroxyamyl) - A3 - cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde.

EXAMPLE XX Preparation of a Mixture of 3- and 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' - hydroxyamyl) - A3 cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde From Myrac Aldehyde by Direct Hydration Reaction by Route II in reaction diagram.

Into a 500 ml reaction flask equipped with a stirrer, thermometer, addition funnel and reflux condenser, the following materials are added: Ingredient Quantity Filtrol 105 10 grams (An activated clay adsorbent produced by the Filtrol Corporation having the following properties: Particle Size Analysis By Roller (10 liters/min.

air rate) 05 Microns, Wt.% 8 020 Microns, Wt.% 43 By Tyler Standard Sieve Through 100 Mesh, Wt.% 100 Through 200 Mesh, Wt.% 95 Through 325 Mesh, Wt.% 78 Apparent Bulk Density, Ib/cu.ft. 42 Free Moisture, Wit.% 15 Free and Combined Moisture, Wt.% (Loss at 1700"F) 21 Surface Area (BET Samples are taken at the following intervals indicating the following percentages desired product of 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' - hydroxyamyl) - A3 cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde: % of Desired Time of Product (By Area Reaction Temperature normalization) 15 min. 78"C 33% 75 min. 40"C 58% 195 min. 33"C 69% 300 min. 33"C 73.7% The actual reaction mass contains the following at the end of the reaction (internal standard): Solvent 83% Myrac Aldehyde 6.1% Desired product mixture of 3- and 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' hydroxyamyl) - A3 - cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde 10.2% EXAMPLE XXII Into a 500 ml reaction flask equipped with stirrer, thermometer and reflux condenser the following materials are added: Ingredient Quantity myrac aldehyde 100 grams acetic acid 100 grams paratoluene sulfonic acid 10 grams The reaction mass is stirred at room temperature and samples are taken at various intervals indicating various percentages of the desired product, a mixture of 3- and 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' - hydroxyamyl) - A3 - cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde: Time of Reaction % Desired Product 30 min. 5.6% 90 min. 14.8% 210 min. 21% 330 min. 22.6% 10 Grams of water is then added to the reaction mass and it is stirred for another 1/2 hour at which time 18.9% of a mixture of 3- and 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' hydroxyamyl) - A3 - cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde is indicated to be formed. The reaction mass is stirred for another 4 hours at room temperature, at the end of which time 28% of a mixture of 3- and 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' - hydroxyamyl) - A3 cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde is indicated to be present on a reaction mass (solventfree basis). GLC analysis indicates the following raw percentages: Solvent 91.6% Myrac aldehyde 5.3% Mixture of 3- and predominantly, 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' hydroxyamyl) - A3 - cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde 2.6% The mixture of 3- and 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' - hydroxyamyl) - A3 cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde is then distilled from the reaction mass.

EXAMPLE XXIII A perfume composition of the "Fougere" type is produced as in Example VII using the product of Example XVI (instead of Example I) containing major proportion of a mixture of 3- and 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' - hydroxyamyl) - A3 cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde. This product utilising the product of Example XVI imparts a very sweet lilac-lily aromatic odour to this "Fougere" formulation.

EXAMPLE XXIV A perfume composition of the "Rose" type is produced as in Example VII using the produce of Example XVIII (instead of Example III) containing a major proportion of a mixture of 3- and 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' - hydroxyamyl) - A3 cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde. This "Rose" perfume has a sweet floral aroma enhanced by addition thereto of the product produced according to Example XVIII.

EXAMPLE XXV A perfume composition of the "Bouquet" type is produced as in Example IX using the product of Example XIX (instead of Example IV) containing a major proportion of a mixture of 3- and 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' - hydroxyamyl) - A3 cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde. Addition of the product produced according to Example XIX imparts a sweet lilac-lily nuance to this "Bouquet" type perfume composition.

EXAMPLE XXVI A cosmetic powder is prepared as in Example X utilising 0.25 g of the mixture containing 3- and predominantly 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' - hydroxyamyl) - A3 cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde prepared according to Example XVI instead of the product of Example I, but with similar results.

EXAMPLE XXVII Perfumed Liquid Detergent Concentrated liquid detergents with a sweet, lilac-lily odour are prepared as in Example XI utilising the mixture containing 3- and predominantly 4 - (4' methyl - 4' - hydroxyamyl) - å3- cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde prepared according to Example XXI instead of the product of Example VI, but with similar results.

EXAMPLE XXVIII Preparation of a Cologne and Handkerchief Perfume A mixture containing 3- and predominantly 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' hydroxyamyl)- å3- cyclohexene carboxaldehyde prepared according to the process of Example XVII is incorporated in a cologne as set forth in Example XII in place of the product of Example II, but with similar results.

EXAMPLE XXIX Preparation of a Cologne and Handkerchief Perfume Example XIII is repeated using the composition of Example XXV in place of that of Example IX. The use of the mixture containing 3- and 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' hydroxyamyl) - A3 - cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde in the composition of Example XXV affords similar results.

EXAMPLE XXX Preparation of Soap Composition Example XIV is repeated using one gram of a mixture containing 3- and 4 (4' - methyl - 4' - hydroxyamyl)- å3- cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde produced according to Example XVIII in place of the product of Example III, but with similar results.

EXAMPLE XXXI Preparation of a Detergent Composition Example XV is repeated using 0.15 g of the mixture containing 3- and 4 - (4' methyl - 4' - hydroxyamyl)- å3- cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde prepared according to Example XIX in place of the produce of Example IV, but with similar results.

The following Examples A-K set forth attempted preparations of mixtures containing high proportions of a mixture of 3- and 4 - (4' - methyl hydroxyamyl) - A3 - cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde by direct hydration by methods which were unsuccessful.

EXAMPLE A Attempted Preparation of Mixture of 3- and 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' hydroxyamyl) - A3 - cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde A solution is prepared by adding 50 grams of concentrated sulphuric acid to 50 grams of water. The resulting 50% sulphuric acid solution is cooled to 200C and placed in a 250 ml reaction flask equipped with stirrer, thermometer, reflux condenser and addition funnel. With stirring, over a period of 1 hour, 60 grams of myrac aldehyde is added. The reaction mass is stirred at a temperature of 2025 C for a period of 5 hours. GLC, NMR and infra-red analysis confirm that no conversion to 3- or 4 - (4' - hydroxyamyl) - A3 - cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde occurs. The same process is repeated except that a temperature of 50--55"C is used. No reaction takes place. The same reaction is repeated except that a temperature of 750C is used and again, no reaction takes place.

EXAMPLE B Attempted Preparation of a Mixture of 3- and 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' hydroxyamyl) - A3 - cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde Into a 500 ml reaction flask equipped with stirrer and thermometer the following materials are placed: Ingredient Quantity myrac aldehyde 50 grams water 50 grams tetrahydrofuran 500 grams With stirring, 20 grams of concentrated sulfuric acid is added and stirring is continued while the reaction mass temperature is maintained at 250C. No reaction takes place.

The same reaction is carried out except that the reaction temperature is 50"C.

No reaction takes place.

The same reaction is carried out except that the reaction temperature is 700C and 30 grams of concentrated sulfuric acid is used. In this case conversion to a mixture of 3- and 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' - hydroxyamyl)- å3- cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde is between 2 and 5%.

EXAMPLES C-K In the following examples the given mixtures are intimately admixed at the conditions indicated; but in all cases no 3- or 4 - (4' - methyl - 4' - hydroxyamyl) A3 - cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde is formed: Example Reaction Mixture Reaction Condition C 4 gms. myrac aldehyde reflux 5 hours 2.5 gms. water 30 gms. tetrahydrofuran 0.5 gms. concentrated sulfuric acid D 4 gms. myrac aldehyde reflux 5 hours 4 gms. water 10 gms. tetrahydrofuran 2 gms. concentrated sulfuric acid E 75 gms. of 64% sulfuric acid -20 C for 2 hrs.

25 gms. myrac aldehyde F 5 gms. myrac aldehyde reflux at 1200C 1 gm. tetrahydrofuran for 30 minutes 5 gms. of 64% sulfuric acid G 20 gms. myrac aldehyde 550C for 30 min.

5 gms. dimethyl formamide 5 gms. water 5 gms. concentrated sulfuric acid H 1.5 gms. myrac aldehyde 50"C for 30 min.

1.0 gms. dimethyl formamide 0.5 gms. concentrated sulfuric acid J 1.5 gms. myrac aldehyde 50"C for 30 min.

1.0 gms. dimethyl formamide 0.5 gms. of 50 /n sulfuric acid K 1.5 gms. myrac aldehyde 28"C for 30 min.

1.0 gms. dimethyl formamide 0.5 gms. of 50 /n sulfuric acid EXAMPLE XXXII Part A Into a 250 ml reaction flask equipped with stirrer and thermometer are added the following materials: Ingredient Quantity Dowex 50W-X4 cation exchange resin (sulfonated copolymer of styrene and divinyl benzene containing 4% divinyl benzene monomeric units produced by the Dow Chemical Company of Midland, Michigan; moisture content 65.3; 50--100 mesh) 100 g myrac aldehyde 100 g acetic acid 100 g The reaction mass is stirred at room temperature for a period of 33 hours with samples taken and analyzed for the presence of a mixture of 3- and 4 - (4' methyl - 4' - hydroxyamyl)- å3- cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde at varying intervals: % Lyral in Time Reaction Mass 9 hours 8% 22 hours 16 /n 33 hours 22.5% The reaction mass is filtered, neutralized and fractionally distilled, the lyral being distilled at 141--1530C at 1.4-3.9 mm Hg pressure. The distillate thus collected is then fractionated using a 12"x 1" Goodloe packed column to yield product having a boiling point of 125--126"C at 0.7 mm Hg pressure.

Part B The procedure of Part A is repeated except the temperature at which the reaction is carried out is between 60--62"C and the time of reaction is 3-1/2 hours.

The following table sets forth the time of reaction, the temperature and the percent lyral in the reaction mass: Time Temperature Percent 45 minutes 61"C 19.5% 2-1/2 hours 600C 7.0% 3-1/2 hours 61"C 3.50/, Part C: Continuous Hydration of Myrac Aldehyde Using Dowex 50W-X4 A solution is formed from the following ingredients: Ingredient Quantity myrac aldehyde 500 g acetic acid 1000 g deionized water 180 g 50 g of Dowex 50W-X4 (preferably washed with 200 g 10% sulfuric acid and rinsed with deionized water) is rinsed into a water jacketed chromatography column (20 mm) using 80% acetic acid. The column is then rinsed with 500 g of 80% acetic acid. After that, the myrac aldehyde/acetic acid/water solution is allowed to flow through the chromatography column by gravity feed. The temperature of the column is varied between 26 and 50"C over a period of 6 hours. The following table sets forth the time of reaction, temperature of the column and percent lyral in the eluate as well as the total weight of eluate: Ratio Myrac Weight of Time Temperature Aldehyde: Lyral Eluate 30 minutes 26"C 0 68g 2 hours 36"C 0 72g 4 hours 27 C 0 80 g 5 hours 27--49"C 11:1 83 g 6 hours 50 C 12.65:1 90g Part D The procedure of Part C is repeated except that the chromatography column is operated between 50 and 60"C and the following results are achieved: Ratio Myrac Weight of Time Temperature Aldehyde:Lyral Eluate 1-1/2 hours 57--600C 20:1 171 g 3 hours 50"C 25:1 125g 4 hours 55"C 20:1 98g Part E Into a 250 ml reaction flask equipped with stirrer and thermometer the following materials are added: Ingredient Quantity myrac aldehyde 25 g Dowex 50W-X4 50 g glacial acetic acid 50 g The reaction mass is stirred at room temperature for a period of 48 hours without production of any lyral. It is then heated up to 600C and maintained at that temperature for 7 hours.

A 20 cc sample is removed and placed in a separatory funnel. To this sample is added 100 ml water and 50 cc benzene. The resulting mixture is shaken vigorously and the water phase is separated from the resin/oil layer. The oil layer is washed neutral with sodium bicarbonate solution and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate. The benzene is then evaporated and the oil layer is analyzed using preparative GLC. The resulting ratio of lyral:myrac aldehyde is 43.5:54.6.

The GLC profile is set forth in Figure 6.

Part F Into a 2 liter reaction flask equipped with stirrer, thermometer and reflux condenser the following materials are placed: Ingredient Quantity myrac aldehyde 196 g (1 mole) Dowex 50W-X4 583 g water 217 ml The reaction mass is heated to 600C and maintained at that temperature with stirring for a period of 89 hours. At the end of the 89 hour period, a 20 cc sample is removed and placed in a separatory funnel. 100 ml of water is added to the solution with 50 cc benzene. The resulting mixture is shaken vigorously and the oil phase is separated and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate. The thus dried material is evaporated on a Rinco evaporator at 500 C. GLC and Infrared analyses indicate that 29.4 , lyral is formed. The ratio of lyral:myrac aldehyde is 32.5:64.2. Figure 7 sets forth the GLC profile for the resulting product.

Part G Into a 2 liter reaction flask equipped with stirrer, thermometer, reflux condenser and nitrogen blanket, the following materials are added: Ingredient Quantity myrac aldehyde 196 g Dowex 50W-X4 583 g water 67 ml glacial acetic acid 180 g (3 moles) The reaction mass is heated with stirring to 600C and maintained at that temperature for a period of 48 hours. At the end of the 48 hour period a 20 cc sample is removed therefrom and worked up in accordance with the procedure of Part F. GLC, Infrared and Mass Spectral analyses indicate the formation of 8.0% lyral. The ratio of myrac aldehyde:lyral is 87.7:8.0. Figure 8 sets forth the GLC profile for the reaction product at the end of the 48 hour period.

Part H Into a 2 liter reaction flask equipped with stirrer, thermometer, reflux condenser and nitrogen blanket, the following materials are added: Ingredient Quantity myrac aldehyde 196 g Dowex 50W-X4 620 g acetic acid 180 g (3 moles) The reaction mass is heated up to 600C with stirring and maintained at that temperature for 48 hours. The reaction mass is then worked up in accordance with the procedure of Part F. GLC, Infrared and Mass Spectral analyses yield the information that 25.3% lyral is produced. The ratio of lyral:myrac aldehyde is 24.8:74.9. Figure 9 sets forth the GLC profile for the reaction product at the end of the 48 hour period.

Part I Into a 2 liter reaction flask equipped with stirrer, thermometer and reflux condenser the following materials are added: Ingredient Quantity myrac aldehyde 98 g (0.5 moles) Dowex 50W-X4 620 g glacial acetic acid 240 g (4 moles) The reaction mass is heated to 600C and maintained at that temperature for a period of 24 hours, after which time it is worked up according to the procedure of Part F. GLC, Infrared and Mass Spectral analyses yield the information that 33.6% by-product is produced with a ratio of lyral:myrac aldehyde being 33.6:57.2.

Figure 10 sets forth the GLC profile for the reaction product at the end of the 24 hour period.

EXAMPLE XXXIII A clear, single phase solution is composed of 90 g myrac aldehyde, 100 g acetic acid and 18 g deionized water. This solution is admixed with 20 g of "Amberlyst 15" cation exchange resin, produced by the Rohm and Haas Company of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Amberlyst 15 is a copolymer of styrene and divinyl benzene, the monomeric units of divinyl benzene being equal to the monomeric units of styrene.

The reaction mass is stirred at temperatures of from 25800C and samples are taken at different times and analyzed for percent lyral. The following table sets forth the time of reaction, temperature of reaction and percent lyral formed: Time Temperature Percent Lyral 2-1/2 hours 25650C 3.2% 3-1/2 hours 65640C 21% 4-1/2 hours 64--650C 29.3% 5 hours 65--85"C 11.9% 5-1/4 hours 85--86"C 14.3% (by internal standards) and 36.9% (by area normalization) 100 g of toluene is added and the reaction mass is washed with water and saturated sodium carbonate. The reaction mass is then evaporated and distilled yielding lyral which has a boiling point of 133--135"C at 0.50.9 mm Hg pressure.

EXAMPLE XXXIV Into a 500 ml reaction flask equipped with stirrer, thermometer and reflux condenser the following materials are added: Ingredient Quantity myrac aldehyde 200 g 30'/,, aqueous sulfuric acid 160 g dimethyl formamide 50 g The reaction mass is heated from 25"C up to reflux (1170C) and refluxing is continued for a period of 5 hours. At the end of the 4 hour period of refluxing, an additional 100 g of dimethyl formamide is added. Samples are taken at various times and analyzed using GLC analysis, yielding the following results: Percent Lyral Time Temperature Formed 1-1/2 hours 117"C 4.0 ,; 3-1/4 hours 1150C 4.6% 5 hours 114"C 2.8% EXAMPLE XXXV Into a 250 ml reaction flask equipped with stirrer, thermometer and reflux condenser the following materials are added: Ingredient Quantity Myrac aldehyde 19.2 g (0.1 mole) 1 molar hydrochloric acid 100 ml (0.1 mole) isopropyl alcohol 100 ml The reaction mass is refluxed with stirring for a period of 4 hours 100 ml water is then added and the resulting aqueous layer is extracted with three 50 ml portions of diethyl ether. The ether extracts are combined and washed with three 50 ml portions of saturated sodium bicarbonate solutions followed by three 50 ml portions of water. The ether extract is then dried with anhydrous magnesium sulphate, filtered and concentrated. GLC analysis indicates the ratio of 49% myrac aldehyde to 47% lyral. The quantity of lyral formed is confirmed by NMR and Mass Spectral analyses.

The GLC profile is set forth in Figure 11. The lyral (mixture of 3- and 4 - (4' methyl - 4' - hydroxyamyl) - A3 - cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde) is then distilled from the reaction mass and is used in Examples XXI-XXIX. The NMR spectrum for the lyral thus produced is set forth in Figure 12. The NMR spectrum for myrac aldehyde is set forth in Figure 13. The infra-red spectrum for the lyral is set forth in Figure 14. The infra-red spectrum for myrac aldehyde is set forth in Figure 15.

EXAMPLES XXXVI-XLIV Examples VII-XV are repeated using the product of Example XXXV in place of the products of Examples I, III, IV, and VI, but with similar results in all cases.

EXAMPLE XLV Preparation of Lyral by Hydrochlorination of Myrac Aldehyde and Subsequent Hydrolysis Reaction by Route III(a) in reaction diagram.

(A) Hydrochlorination Forty grams of anhydrous hydrogen chloride is bubbled into a chilled (10- 15"C) solution of 200 grams of myrac aldehyde in 1,000 grams of glacial acetic acid over a period of one hour. After being stirred at 10--150C for 15 hours, the mass is poured over 2 kg of crushed ice and extracted with diethyl ether. The extracts are washed with sodium bicarbonate solution and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulphate. Removal of the diethyl ether under reduced pressure gives 225 grams of crude hydrohalogenation produce, hydrochloromyrac aldehyde (Ic; where X=CI) which is hydrolyzed without further treatment.

(B) Hydrolysis The crude hydrohalogenation product (hydrochloromyrac aldehyde) is stirred for a period often hours at 8W85 C (under reflux conditions) in a mixture of 1,000 grams of water, 1,000 grams of isopropanol and 100 grams of sodium bicarbonate.

The mass is diluted with 1,000 grams of water and extracted with diethyl ether, and the diethyl ether extracts are dried over anhydrous magnesium sulphate. Removal of the diethyl ether under reduced pressure (0.5 atmospheres) gives an oil which is carefully distilled to give 54 grams of lyral, (boiling point 134--135"C at 1 mm Hg pressure). The yield is 25% based on myrac aldehyde starting material.

EXAMPLE XLVI Preparation of Lyral by Hydrochlorination of Myrac Aldehyde and Subsequent Hydrolysis Reaction by Route III(a).

(A) Hydrochlorination The hydrohalogenation product is prepared as in Example XLV.

(B) Hydrolysis The crude hydrohalogenation product is treated as in Example XLV using 90 grams of potassium hydroxide instead of the sodium bicarbonate. The yield is 56 grams of lyral (boiling point 13W135 C at 1 mm Hg pressure). The yield is 26% based on myrac aldehyde reactant.

EXAMPLE XLVII Preparation of Lyral by Hydrochlorination of Myrac Aldehyde and Subsequent Direct or Indirect Hydrolysis of the Hydrochlorination Product (i) Preparation of Myrac Aldehyde Hydrochloride A solution of 1,000 g of myrac aldehyde in 2,500 g of toluene is cooled to -20"C. Anhydrous hydrogen chloride gas (200 g) is bubbled into the solution over a period of 5 hours while maintaining a temperature of -10 to -200C. The mass is then allowed to stand at room temperature for 3 days. Removal of the toluene under reduced pressure gives 1,140 g of crude myrac aldehyde hydrochloride.

(ii) Hydrolysis of Myrac Aldehyde Hydrochloride (a) Direct Hydrolysis by Route III(a) in the Reaction Diagram A solution of 100 g of myrac aldehyde hydrochloride in a mixture of 100 g of water and 500 g of isopropyl alcohol is stirred for 2 hours at 800C with 50 g of sodium acetate. After dilution with water, extraction with ether, and removal of the solvent, 90 g of product is obtained which contains 35% lyral.

(b) Indirect Hydrolysis by Route III(b) in the Reaction Diagram A solution of 100 g of myrac aldehyde hydrochloride in 250 g of toluene is stirred for 3 hours at reflux with 50 g of anhydrous sodium acetate and 1 g of Aliquat 336 (tricapryl methyl ammonium chloride produced by General Mills Chemicals Inc.). After washing with water and evaporation of the toluene, 95 g of product is obtained which contains 50% lyral acetate. Hydrolysis of the acetate to give lyral is performed by refluxing the crude product in aqueous methanolic sodium hydroxide solution.

(c) Direct Hydrolysis by Route III(a) in the Reaction Diagram A mixture of 100 g of myrac aldehyde hydrochloride, 500 g isopropyl alcohol, and 25 g sodium hydroxide is stirred at reflux for 2 hours and poured over crushed ice. After extraction with ether and removal of the ether, 85 g of crude product is obtained which contains 45% lyral.

WHAT WE CLAIM IS:- 1. A process for producing a composition which contains as a major ingredient a compound defined by the structure:

**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.

Claims (17)

**WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **. grams of water, 1,000 grams of isopropanol and 100 grams of sodium bicarbonate. The mass is diluted with 1,000 grams of water and extracted with diethyl ether, and the diethyl ether extracts are dried over anhydrous magnesium sulphate. Removal of the diethyl ether under reduced pressure (0.5 atmospheres) gives an oil which is carefully distilled to give 54 grams of lyral, (boiling point 134--135"C at 1 mm Hg pressure). The yield is 25% based on myrac aldehyde starting material. EXAMPLE XLVI Preparation of Lyral by Hydrochlorination of Myrac Aldehyde and Subsequent Hydrolysis Reaction by Route III(a). (A) Hydrochlorination The hydrohalogenation product is prepared as in Example XLV. (B) Hydrolysis The crude hydrohalogenation product is treated as in Example XLV using 90 grams of potassium hydroxide instead of the sodium bicarbonate. The yield is 56 grams of lyral (boiling point 13W135 C at 1 mm Hg pressure). The yield is 26% based on myrac aldehyde reactant. EXAMPLE XLVII Preparation of Lyral by Hydrochlorination of Myrac Aldehyde and Subsequent Direct or Indirect Hydrolysis of the Hydrochlorination Product (i) Preparation of Myrac Aldehyde Hydrochloride A solution of 1,000 g of myrac aldehyde in 2,500 g of toluene is cooled to -20"C. Anhydrous hydrogen chloride gas (200 g) is bubbled into the solution over a period of 5 hours while maintaining a temperature of -10 to -200C. The mass is then allowed to stand at room temperature for 3 days. Removal of the toluene under reduced pressure gives 1,140 g of crude myrac aldehyde hydrochloride. (ii) Hydrolysis of Myrac Aldehyde Hydrochloride (a) Direct Hydrolysis by Route III(a) in the Reaction Diagram A solution of 100 g of myrac aldehyde hydrochloride in a mixture of 100 g of water and 500 g of isopropyl alcohol is stirred for 2 hours at 800C with 50 g of sodium acetate. After dilution with water, extraction with ether, and removal of the solvent, 90 g of product is obtained which contains 35% lyral. (b) Indirect Hydrolysis by Route III(b) in the Reaction Diagram A solution of 100 g of myrac aldehyde hydrochloride in 250 g of toluene is stirred for 3 hours at reflux with 50 g of anhydrous sodium acetate and 1 g of Aliquat 336 (tricapryl methyl ammonium chloride produced by General Mills Chemicals Inc.). After washing with water and evaporation of the toluene, 95 g of product is obtained which contains 50% lyral acetate. Hydrolysis of the acetate to give lyral is performed by refluxing the crude product in aqueous methanolic sodium hydroxide solution. (c) Direct Hydrolysis by Route III(a) in the Reaction Diagram A mixture of 100 g of myrac aldehyde hydrochloride, 500 g isopropyl alcohol, and 25 g sodium hydroxide is stirred at reflux for 2 hours and poured over crushed ice. After extraction with ether and removal of the ether, 85 g of crude product is obtained which contains 45% lyral. WHAT WE CLAIM IS:-

1. A process for producing a composition which contains as a major ingredient a compound defined by the structure:

where the formyl group is located at position p or q comprising intimately admixing acrolein having the structure CH2:CH . CHO with myrcenol having the structure:

characterised in that the reaction is carried out: (i) In the presence of a catalytic quantity of one or more Lewis acid catalysts of the formalae ZnX2, SnX4, AIX3 and RAlmXn where X is chlorine or bromine, R is lower alkyl and m+n=3 and each of m and n are 1 or 2; (ii) At a temperature in the range of from about -20 C up to about 100"C; and (iii) At a pressure of from about 1 atmosphere up to about 100 atmospheres; the mole ratio of acrolein reactant:myrcenol reactant being in the range of from about 10:1 up to about 1:10, the weight percent of Lewis acid catalyst based upon the total weight of acrolein reactant and myrcenol reactant being from about 0.2% up to about 10%.

2. A process producing a mixture containing a major proportion of 4 - (4 methyl - 4- hydroxyamyl)- A3 - cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde having the structure:

comprising the step of intimately admixing acrolein having the structure CH2:CH . CHO with myrcenol having the structure:

wherein the reaction is carried out: (i) In the presence of a catalytic quantity of one or more Lewis acid catalysts of the formulae ZnX3, SnX4, AIR3, RAlrnXn where X is chlorine or bromine, R is lower alkyl and m+n=3 and each of m and n is 1 or 2; (ii) At a temperature in the range of from about -20"C up to about 100"C; and (iii) At a pressure of from about 1 atmosphere up to about 100 atmospheres; the mole ratio of acrolein reactant:myrcenol reactant being in the range of from about 10:1 up to about 1:10; the weight percent of Lewis acid catalyst based upon the total weight of acrolein reactant and myrcenol reactant being from about 0.2% up to about 10%.

3. The process of Claim 2, wherein the catalyst used is zinc chloride and the temperature of reaction is in the range of 40--50"C.

4. The process of Claim 2, wherein the catalyst used is zinc bromide and the temperature of reaction is in the range of from 4e-50"C.

5. The process of Claim 2, wherein the catalyst used is stannic chloride and the temperature of reaction is in the range of e100C.

6. The process of Claim 2, wherein the catalyst used is aluminium chloride and the temperature of the reaction is in the range 0--200C.

7. The process of Claim 2, wherein the catalyst used is ethyl aluminium dichloride and the temperature of the reaction is in the range 0--200C.

8. The process of Claim 3, wherein the myrcenol is first intimately admixed with zinc chloride and then acrolein is added to the reaction mass.

9. The product whenever produced by the process of any one of Claims 2 to 8.

10. A perfume composition comprising the product of Claim 9 and at least one adjuvant which is, in the alternative, one of a natural perfume oil, a synthetic perfume oil, an alcohol, an aldehyde, a ketone, an ester or a lactone.

11. A perfumed article comprising the product of Claim 9 and a material which is, in the alternative, one of a detergent, a soap or a cosmetic preparation.

12. A cologne comprising the product of Claim 9, ethanol and water.

13. The process of any one of Claims 1 to 8 whenever carried out substantially as described in any one of Examples I-V inclusive.

14. The product of Claim 9 whenever produced substantially in accordance with any one of Examples I-V inclusive.

15. A perfume composition as claimed in Claim 10 substantially as herein described with reference to any one of Examples VIl-IX, XII and XIII.

16. A perfumed article as claimed in Claim 11 substantially as herein described with reference to any one of Examples X, XI, XIV and XV.

17. A cologne as claimed in Claim 12 substantially as herein described with reference to any one of Examples XII and XIII.