GB1568701A - Articles comprising or consisting of an internally reinforced elastomeric layer - Google Patents

Articles comprising or consisting of an internally reinforced elastomeric layer Download PDF

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Publication number
GB1568701A
GB1568701A GB11472/76A GB1147276A GB1568701A GB 1568701 A GB1568701 A GB 1568701A GB 11472/76 A GB11472/76 A GB 11472/76A GB 1147276 A GB1147276 A GB 1147276A GB 1568701 A GB1568701 A GB 1568701A
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GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
threads
warp
layer
weft
fabric
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB11472/76A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Goodyear Tire and Rubber Co
Original Assignee
Goodyear Tire and Rubber Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB2196873A external-priority patent/GB1450142A/en
Application filed by Goodyear Tire and Rubber Co filed Critical Goodyear Tire and Rubber Co
Priority to GB4709/79A priority Critical patent/GB1568702A/en
Priority to GB11472/76A priority patent/GB1568701A/en
Publication of GB1568701A publication Critical patent/GB1568701A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
    • B32B25/10—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
    • B32B25/12—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising natural rubber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
    • B32B25/14—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising synthetic rubber copolymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B21/00—Warp knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B21/14—Fabrics characterised by the incorporation by knitting, in one or more thread, fleece, or fabric layers, of reinforcing, binding, or decorative threads; Fabrics incorporating small auxiliary elements, e.g. for decorative purposes
    • D04B21/16—Fabrics characterised by the incorporation by knitting, in one or more thread, fleece, or fabric layers, of reinforcing, binding, or decorative threads; Fabrics incorporating small auxiliary elements, e.g. for decorative purposes incorporating synthetic threads
    • D04B21/165—Fabrics characterised by the incorporation by knitting, in one or more thread, fleece, or fabric layers, of reinforcing, binding, or decorative threads; Fabrics incorporating small auxiliary elements, e.g. for decorative purposes incorporating synthetic threads with yarns stitched through one or more layers or tows, e.g. stitch-bonded fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/52—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by applying or inserting filamentary binding elements
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/10—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically
    • D04H3/115—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically by applying or inserting filamentary binding elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2433/00—Closed loop articles
    • B32B2433/02—Conveyor belts
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
    • D10B2401/06—Load-responsive characteristics
    • D10B2401/063—Load-responsive characteristics high strength
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2403/00—Details of fabric structure established in the fabric forming process
    • D10B2403/01—Surface features
    • D10B2403/012—Alike front and back faces
    • D10B2403/0122—Smooth surfaces, e.g. laminated or coated
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2403/00—Details of fabric structure established in the fabric forming process
    • D10B2403/03—Shape features
    • D10B2403/031—Narrow fabric of constant width
    • D10B2403/0312—Bulk fabric, e.g. belts

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Belt Conveyors (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)

Description

(54) IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO.ARTICLES COMPRISING OR CONSISTING OF AN INTERNALLY REINFORMËELASTOMERIC-LuAw^ER ^ (71) We, THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY, a Company organised and existing under the laws of the State of Ohio, United States of America, of Akron, Ohio 44316, United States of America, do hereby declare the invention for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following state ment: This invention relates to articles comprising or consisting of a reinforced elastomeric layer, and more especially to conveyor belts.
Textile reinforced conveyor belts are conventionally made either by assembling numerous successive layers of rubberised fabric and rubber and then vulcanizing them together, or by using a single ply of fabric covered with elastomeric or thermoplastic material possibly on one but usually on both sides. The present invention is concerned with this latter type of conveyor belt, which is usually referred to as a single-ply belt.
In such a single-ply belt the design of fabric is particularly important. Thus, the fabric must have enough transverse rigidity to support the load without sagging but also enough flexibility so that the belt with "trough" between idler rollers. Also, it must have enough longitudinal rigidity to prevent spillage between such idler rollers but on the other hand not so much as to inhibit flexure of the belt for example over the drive rollers and idlers. The belt must also possess enough tensile strength to withstand the tensions imposed on it by the drive without excessive stretching. Moreover, it should be preferably be able to withstand impact by large and/or sharp pieces of material, and should possess tear resistance both to tearing by conveyed sharp objects and to tearing at the metallic fasteners where the ends of the belt are joined. This latter location should also resist "combing out" of weft material from the longitudinal warp threads.
Conventional square-woven fabrics are unsuitable for this type of reinforcement.
Prior proposals have included fabrics where a binder thread holds together warp and weft.
Our UK Patent Specification No. 1450142 describes the construction of a conveyor belt or like elastomer article in which there is provided an internal reinforcement in the form of a stitch-bonded fabric possessing a plurality of parallel warp threads and a plurality of parallel weft threads united by a plurality of parallel stitching threads, wherein the warp and weft threads are formed in a yarn comprising a plurality of continuous filaments and having not more than two twists per inch, in order to minimise their extensibility and improve bonding of the fabric to the elastomer.
Specification 1450142 goes on to specify that the weft threads may be located on one side only of the warp threads and that the stitching threads may extend longitudinally to unite the warp threads. Moreover, the weft threads can be angled at up to 150 to the transverse direction, and can in fact be provided as to superimposed sets of parallel weft threads each at the same angle to the transverse direction but in opposite directions so as to form an overlapping system.
Specification 1450142 is concerned with system.
in which the warp and weft threads have a low degree of twist, ie below two twists per inch. We have now discovered that the advantages presented and described in Specification 1450142 are exhibited at somewhat higher degrees of twist.
The present invention, in one aspect, consists at article comprising or consisting of an internally reinforced elastomeric layer, wherein the internal reinforcement is a stitch-bonded fabric possessing a plurality of parallel warp threads and a plurality of parallel weft threads united by a plurality of parallel stitching threads: wherein the warp and the weft threads are formed of a yarn comprising a plurality of continuous filaments and posse s.; g not more than ten but more than two twists per inch, to minimise their extensibility and improve bonding of the elastomeric layer to the fabric.
Higher levels of twist tend to reduce penetration of adhesive and hence reduce level of adhesion.
The other preferred features of our earlier invention outlined above can also be utilised in conjunction with this aspect of the present invention.
It is preferred for the stitching thread to run in the warp direction, forming a Tricot stitch by interlocking of adjacent loops of stitching thread.
At least one futher warp and/or weft layer may be stitch-bonded into the fabric, as described and claimed in our co-pending Application No. 4709/79 divided from the present Application.
It is most valuable to use a fabric having transverse (weft) yarns or threads on both sides of a single set of warp threads.
In the fabric of the present invention it may be advantageous to utilise a fibre flock filler layer between the various warp and/or weft layers. Such a layer can be totally replaced or supplemented by a layer of woven fabric.
The function of such a layer of filler iii material (either as loose-carded fibres or as a woven fabric) is to protect the warp threads from the effect of impact. Moreover, the filler layer can be used to move the weft layer flirther from the neutral axis of the belt to increase the lateral stiffnes stiffness of the fabric.
The warp threads, the weft threads, the fibre layer, or any intermediate woven fabric layer, can each be made from one or more polyester, polyimide, cotton, aromatic polyamide, acrylic fibre, polyvinyl-alcohol fibre, cellulose fibre or glass fibre. Various combinations are possible; thus, for instance it is possible to have warp threads as a mixture of polymers, or to have warp threads as one polymer and to have the weft threads as another and possibly the filler layer fibres of fabric as a third.
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings accompanying the Provisional Specification in which: Figure 1 is an idealised section through one form of reinforcement fabric for a conveyor belt according to the invention, and Figure 2 is an idealised section through another form of reinforcement fabric.
In the fabric shown in Figure I, there is provided a top layer of weft threads 1 and a bottom layer of weft threads 3 staggered in relation to one another on either side of a layer of warp threads 2. These warp threads and weft threads are not interwoven, for reasons as set forth in Specification 1450142, but are instead united by stitching threads 6 which run in the warp direc- tion and pass vertically through the weft thread assembly. interlocking on adjacent loops as shown at 4 to provide a Tricot stitch. For ease of illustration this is only shown dlagramma- tically in the figure.
Figure 2 is generally similar to Figure 1 and the various common features as shown with the same reference numbers. However, there is additionally provided a layer 5 of carded textile fibres laying between the upper weft layer 1 and the warp layer 2. This shields the warp layer from impact and increases the lateral stiffness of the fabric.
The warp and weft threads are of yarn comprising a plurality of continuous filaments and possessing more than two but not more than ten twists per inch. They can be "singles" yarns or plied or multiple yarns. The stitching thread is for example, 420 denier nylon. The weft threads may be angled at up to 15 to the transverse direction. The fabric may comprise two superposed sets of parallel weft threads each angled at the same angle to the transverse direction but in opposite directions so as to foml an overlapping system of weft threads.
For example, each set of weft threads may extend to the edge of the fabric and return at the same angle but in the opposite direction to constitute another set of threads.
The invention is applicable to articles in the form of conveyor belts, or in the form of a strip of reinforcing material. The elastomer to which the reinforcing fabric is bonded may be a natural or synthetic rubber or a plasticised or unplasticised thermoplastic material eg plasticised polyvinyl chloride.
WHAT WE CLAIM IS: 1. An article comprising or consisiing of an internally reinforced elastomeric layer, wherein the internal reinforcement is a stitch-bonded fabric possessing a plurality of parallel warp threads and a plurality of parallel weft threads united by a plurality of parallel stitching threads: wherein the warp and the weft threads are formed of a yarn comprising a plurality of continuous filaments and possessing not more than ten but more than two twists per inch, to minimise their extensibility and improve bonding of the elastomeric layer to the fabvic.
2. An article as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the stitch-bonded fabric possesses at least one warp layer comprising a plurality of said parallel warp threads, and at least one weft layer comprising a plurality of said parallel weft threads, the fabric having at least three said warp and weft layers united by said stitching threads.
3. An article as claimed in claim 1 or 2, where in weft threads are located on both sides of the warp threads and the stitching threads extends longitudinally to unite the warp and weft.
4. An article as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the weft threads are angled at up to 15 to the transverse direction.
5. An article as claimed in any preceding
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.

Claims (11)

**WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **. reinforced elastomeric layer, wherein the internal reinforcement is a stitch-bonded fabric possessing a plurality of parallel warp threads and a plurality of parallel weft threads united by a plurality of parallel stitching threads: wherein the warp and the weft threads are formed of a yarn comprising a plurality of continuous filaments and posse s.; g not more than ten but more than two twists per inch, to minimise their extensibility and improve bonding of the elastomeric layer to the fabric. Higher levels of twist tend to reduce penetration of adhesive and hence reduce level of adhesion. The other preferred features of our earlier invention outlined above can also be utilised in conjunction with this aspect of the present invention. It is preferred for the stitching thread to run in the warp direction, forming a Tricot stitch by interlocking of adjacent loops of stitching thread. At least one futher warp and/or weft layer may be stitch-bonded into the fabric, as described and claimed in our co-pending Application No. 4709/79 divided from the present Application. It is most valuable to use a fabric having transverse (weft) yarns or threads on both sides of a single set of warp threads. In the fabric of the present invention it may be advantageous to utilise a fibre flock filler layer between the various warp and/or weft layers. Such a layer can be totally replaced or supplemented by a layer of woven fabric. The function of such a layer of filler iii material (either as loose-carded fibres or as a woven fabric) is to protect the warp threads from the effect of impact. Moreover, the filler layer can be used to move the weft layer flirther from the neutral axis of the belt to increase the lateral stiffnes stiffness of the fabric. The warp threads, the weft threads, the fibre layer, or any intermediate woven fabric layer, can each be made from one or more polyester, polyimide, cotton, aromatic polyamide, acrylic fibre, polyvinyl-alcohol fibre, cellulose fibre or glass fibre. Various combinations are possible; thus, for instance it is possible to have warp threads as a mixture of polymers, or to have warp threads as one polymer and to have the weft threads as another and possibly the filler layer fibres of fabric as a third. The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings accompanying the Provisional Specification in which: Figure 1 is an idealised section through one form of reinforcement fabric for a conveyor belt according to the invention, and Figure 2 is an idealised section through another form of reinforcement fabric. In the fabric shown in Figure I, there is provided a top layer of weft threads 1 and a bottom layer of weft threads 3 staggered in relation to one another on either side of a layer of warp threads 2. These warp threads and weft threads are not interwoven, for reasons as set forth in Specification 1450142, but are instead united by stitching threads 6 which run in the warp direc- tion and pass vertically through the weft thread assembly. interlocking on adjacent loops as shown at 4 to provide a Tricot stitch. For ease of illustration this is only shown dlagramma- tically in the figure. Figure 2 is generally similar to Figure 1 and the various common features as shown with the same reference numbers. However, there is additionally provided a layer 5 of carded textile fibres laying between the upper weft layer 1 and the warp layer 2. This shields the warp layer from impact and increases the lateral stiffness of the fabric. The warp and weft threads are of yarn comprising a plurality of continuous filaments and possessing more than two but not more than ten twists per inch. They can be "singles" yarns or plied or multiple yarns. The stitching thread is for example, 420 denier nylon. The weft threads may be angled at up to 15 to the transverse direction. The fabric may comprise two superposed sets of parallel weft threads each angled at the same angle to the transverse direction but in opposite directions so as to foml an overlapping system of weft threads. For example, each set of weft threads may extend to the edge of the fabric and return at the same angle but in the opposite direction to constitute another set of threads. The invention is applicable to articles in the form of conveyor belts, or in the form of a strip of reinforcing material. The elastomer to which the reinforcing fabric is bonded may be a natural or synthetic rubber or a plasticised or unplasticised thermoplastic material eg plasticised polyvinyl chloride. WHAT WE CLAIM IS:
1. An article comprising or consisiing of an internally reinforced elastomeric layer, wherein the internal reinforcement is a stitch-bonded fabric possessing a plurality of parallel warp threads and a plurality of parallel weft threads united by a plurality of parallel stitching threads: wherein the warp and the weft threads are formed of a yarn comprising a plurality of continuous filaments and possessing not more than ten but more than two twists per inch, to minimise their extensibility and improve bonding of the elastomeric layer to the fabvic.
2. An article as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the stitch-bonded fabric possesses at least one warp layer comprising a plurality of said parallel warp threads, and at least one weft layer comprising a plurality of said parallel weft threads, the fabric having at least three said warp and weft layers united by said stitching threads.
3. An article as claimed in claim 1 or 2, where in weft threads are located on both sides of the warp threads and the stitching threads extends longitudinally to unite the warp and weft.
4. An article as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the weft threads are angled at up to 15 to the transverse direction.
5. An article as claimed in any preceding
claim wherein the stitching thread runs in the warp direction.
6. An article as claimed in any preceding claim in which adjacent loops of the stitching thread are interlocked to form a Tricot stitch.
7. An article as claimed in any preceding claim having at least one warp layer comprising said warp threads and at least one weft layer comprising said weft threads and wherein a fibrous filler layer is provided between at least two said warp and weft layers.
8. An article as claimed in any one preceding claim in the form of a conveyer belt.
9. An article as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7 in the form of a strip of reinforcing material.
10. An article as claimed in claim 1 and substantially as herein described.
11. An article as claimed in any one preceding claim wherein the elastomer is a natural or synthetic rubber or a plasticised or unplasticised thermoplastic material.
GB11472/76A 1973-05-08 1976-12-15 Articles comprising or consisting of an internally reinforced elastomeric layer Expired GB1568701A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB4709/79A GB1568702A (en) 1973-05-08 1976-12-15 Articles comprising or consisting of an internally reinforced elastomeric layer
GB11472/76A GB1568701A (en) 1973-05-08 1976-12-15 Articles comprising or consisting of an internally reinforced elastomeric layer

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB2196873A GB1450142A (en) 1973-05-08 1973-05-08 Articles comprising or consisting of an internally reinforced elastomeric layer
GB11472/76A GB1568701A (en) 1973-05-08 1976-12-15 Articles comprising or consisting of an internally reinforced elastomeric layer

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB1568701A true GB1568701A (en) 1980-06-04

Family

ID=9986896

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB11472/76A Expired GB1568701A (en) 1973-05-08 1976-12-15 Articles comprising or consisting of an internally reinforced elastomeric layer

Country Status (1)

Country Link
GB (1) GB1568701A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0069589A2 (en) * 1981-07-06 1983-01-12 Milliken Industrials Limited Cover fabric for a toothed driving belt
WO2015188642A1 (en) * 2014-06-13 2015-12-17 台湾百和工业股份有限公司 Stretchable knitted fabric

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0069589A2 (en) * 1981-07-06 1983-01-12 Milliken Industrials Limited Cover fabric for a toothed driving belt
EP0069589A3 (en) * 1981-07-06 1983-08-24 Milliken Industrials Limited Cover fabric for a toothed driving belt
WO2015188642A1 (en) * 2014-06-13 2015-12-17 台湾百和工业股份有限公司 Stretchable knitted fabric
US11891732B2 (en) 2014-06-13 2024-02-06 Taiwan Paiho Limited Textile with elasticity

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Date Code Title Description
PS Patent sealed [section 19, patents act 1949]