GB1566922A - Cylindrical multi-fan conterflow cooling tower - Google Patents
Cylindrical multi-fan conterflow cooling tower Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB1566922A GB1566922A GB43925/77A GB4392577A GB1566922A GB 1566922 A GB1566922 A GB 1566922A GB 43925/77 A GB43925/77 A GB 43925/77A GB 4392577 A GB4392577 A GB 4392577A GB 1566922 A GB1566922 A GB 1566922A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- cooling tower
- water
- basin
- fill pack
- fans
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28C—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT WITHOUT CHEMICAL INTERACTION
- F28C1/00—Direct-contact trickle coolers, e.g. cooling towers
- F28C1/02—Direct-contact trickle coolers, e.g. cooling towers with counter-current only
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F25/00—Component parts of trickle coolers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Description
(54) CYLINDRICAL MULTI-FAN COUNTERFLOW COOLING TOWER
(71) We, ZURN INDUSTRIES, INC., a corporation organised under the laws of the State of Pennsylvania, United States of
America, of 1 Zurn Place, Box 2000, Erie,
Pennsylvania 16512, United States of America, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement:
This invention relates to a cooling tower.
U.S. Patent No. 3,743,257 discloses a circular cross flow cooling tower with various configurations to fill system, and U.S.
Patent No. 3,243,166 discloses a circular cross flow cooling tower.
According to the present invention we provide a cylindrical, counterflow, multifan, mechanical draft cooling tower which has a cylindrical cooled water collection basin, a cylindrical shell substantially the same size as said basin, closed at its upper end by horizontal planar deck, and means supporting said cylindrical shell over said cooled water basin to define a space therebetween. The deck is attached to the upper end of said cylindrical shell and is supported by sPaced columns extending from the deck to the cooled water basin supporting the deck at positions spaced inwardly from the cylindrical shell. The deck has at least five symmetrically arranged, uniformly spaced openings therein with at least four openings adjacent the shell and at least one opening in the centre and a fan is supported in each said opening.A fill pack of generally cylindrical configuration having a diameter substantially equal to the inside diameter of said cylindrical shell is supported in the shell said fill pack and said deck being spaced from each other defining a plenum chamber therebetween. A spray eliminator is located in the plenum chamber above and adjacent to said fill pack and means is provided below the said spray eliminator and above said fill pack for distributing water generally uniformly over the fill pack. The fans draw air through the space between the cooled water basin and the shell, through the fill pack, and through the spray eliminator, whereby some of the water is evaporated and moist air discharged by the fans, the remaining portion of the water is thereby cooled and flows to the cooled water basin for use as cold water.The spray eliminator is supported below said deck at a distance approximately equal to the diameter of said fans.
The fill pack is supported above the cylindrical water basin defining a generally cylindrical open space between the fill pack and the water basin.
Several embodiments of cooling tower according to the invention are now described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a side view of the cooling tower;
Figure 2 is a top view of the cooling tower with the fan shrouds removed.
Figure 3 is a longitudinal cross sectional view of the cooling tower;
Figure 4 is a partial cross sectional view taken on line 4-4 of Figure 3;
Figure 5 is a partial cross sectional view taken on line 5-5 of Figure 3;
Figure 6 is a cross sectional view taken on line 6-6 of Figure 3;
Figure 7 is a partial cross sectional view taken on line 7-7 of Figure 6;
Figure 8 is an enlarged partial perspective view of a part of the cooling tower.
Figure 9 is a cross sectional view taken on line 9-9 of Figure 8;
Figure 10 is a cross sectional view taken on line 10-10 of Figure 9:
Figure 11 is a cross sectional view taken on line 11-11 of Figure 9;
Figure 12 is an enlarged side view of upper fill sheets.
Figure 13 is a cross sectional view taken on line 13-13 of Figure 12;
Figure 14 is an enlarged side view of lower fill sheets.
Figure 15 is a cross sectional view taken on line 15-15 of Figure 14;
Figure 16 is a partial view similar to
Figure 9 of an embodiment of open channel distribution;
Figure 17 is a view similar to Figure 16 of an embodiment of closed channel distribution;
Figure 18 is a view showing the outline of a cooling tower according to the invention with sound attenuating;
Figure 19 is a cross sectional view taken on line 28-28 of Figure 4 of another embodiment of the invention;
Figure 20 is a partial side view taken on line 29-29 of Figure 19;
Figure 21 is a top view of another embodiment of a cooling tower;
Figure 22 is an enlarged partial view of
Figure 15;
Figure 23 is an enlarged partial view of another part of Figure 15.
Now, with more particular reference to the drawings, the cooling tower 10 is made up generally of the basin 11 and cylindrical shell 12 which is closed at its upper end by roof deck 13 and supported in spaced relation to basin 11 by frame 14. A fill pack 19 is supported by columns 20 and 31 in the shell 12 above and in spaced relation to the cylindrical basin 11 and water to be cooled is sprayed from a water distribution system onto the fill pack and, as the water flows down through the fill pack in contact with the upwardly flowing air, some water evaporates and cools the remaining water as it continues to flow to the cylindrical basin 11.
The cylindrical shell 12 and the roof deck 13 may both be made of reinforced concrete approximately the same diameter as the cold water basin 11. Material other than reinforced concrete can obviously be used, e.g. fabricated steel or any other suitable material.
The roof deck 13 may also be made of reinforced concrete in the form of a slab and the outer periphery of the roof deck 13 is supported on the top of the shell 12 and intermediate parts thereof are supported on columns 20. The roof deck 13 is surrounded by a handrail 64. and has fan holes 16 formed in it, and the shrouds 18 are supported around the fan holes 16 on the deck 13. The fans 17 are supported in the openings 16 on the deck 13.
The shoulders on the ends of the fill pack sheets 21 of fill pack 19 are supported below the deck 13 on beams 40 which are. in turn, supported on the columns 20 and 31 in spaced relation to the roof deck 13 providing a plenum chamber 34 therebetween.
The fill pack 19 is made up of lower sheets 21 and upper sheets 50. The lower sheets 21 have shoulders at each end that rest on the beams 40. The upper sheets 50 are rectangular sheets supported in vertical relation and at right angles to the lower sheets 21. The upper sheets 50 are generally rectangular in shape and are held in spaced relation to each other by suitable spacers 49.
The lower sheets 21 are likewise generally rectangular in shape and they have elongated openings 45, grooves 44, and holes 43 in them. The holes 43 receive spacers 48 that extend through holes 43 and down along the sides of the fill sheets 21 and hold them in spaced relation. The lower edges of the sheets 21 have serrations 42 formed therein that help to channel the water and cause it to regroup as it flows downward. Both fill pack sheets 50 and 21 which make up the pack 19 may be made up of asbestos board or other suitable material. Sheets 21 are held in spaced relation to each other by disc-like spacers 48. Thus, the thickness of the spacers 48 determines the spacing of the sheets 21. In like manner, in the embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 22, the spacers 49 hold the sheets 50 in spaced relation to each other. The spacers are connected together by an intermediate member.
Lateral pipes 30 have their ends connected to the sides of channel 23 which are sometimes referred to herein as distribution channels. The spray eliminators 33 are in the form of elongated generally vertically extending parallel rectangular sheets curved about their longitudinal axis, their lower edges rest on later pipes 30. The spray eliminators are spaced from each other and provide curved paths between them for moist air from the fill pack 19 to the fans.
The spray eliminators tend to disperse any water spray that may escape through the fill pack. The lateral pipes 30 each have a plurality of axially spaced holes 35 in the bottom thereof and the splash plates are supported on the pipes below holes 35 by rods 37 so that water can flow through the holes 35 and splash on the plates 32 outward and onto the fill pack. The assembly made up of rods 37 and splash plates 32 is indicated generally at 46. Nozzles 146 can be substituted for plate 32.
The basin 11 has a cylindrical wall 55 and a bottom 56 which is supported on a suitable footing. The frame is made up of columns 14 which rest on cylindrical walls 55 of the basin 11 and cylindrical shell 12 rests on the upper ends of the columns 14.
The spaced columns 20, 31 and 31' rest on the bottom of the basin 11. The intermediate parts of the deck 13 rest on the upper ends of columns 20, channels 23 rest on the upper ends of columns 31', while the lateral member 40 are supported on columns 20, 31 and 31' and spaced below the distribution channels 23.
Several embodiments of the fill are disclosed. An embodiment of the fill is shown in Figures 1 to 9 and 12 to 14. Other embodiments of the invention are shown in
Figures 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22 and 23.
The embodiment of fill shown in Figures 12 to 15 are like those in Figure 1 to 9 except the upper sheets 50 are arranged parallel to sheets 21 and held in place by combs 49.
Figure 17 shows an embodiment of the invention wherein the channels 123 are in the form of round pipes having the lateral pipe 130 connected to them instead of open-topped channels as in Figure 16. This closed system of Figure 17 can be pressurised. Nozzle 146 sprays water onto the fill pack.
In an embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 18, a sound attenuating material 160 such as mineral wool or other soundattenuating material is supported above the upper ends of the shrouds 118 and soundattenuating material 161 is supported around the space between the basin 111 and the shell 112.
The embodiment of the invention shown in Figures 19 and 20 show louvers 51 in the form of plates inclined, e.g. at 45" to the horizontal that have their ends received in inclined slots 52 in columns 14. These louvers prevent the falling water droplets from escaping from the cooling tower.
Wind walls 54 are sheets of rigid material supported between the basin 11 and the fill pack 19. Wind walls 54 are radially disposed at circumferentially spaced positions. They reduce the velocity of wind blowing through the space between the basin and the shell, thereby reducing the tendency of the wind to carry falling water droplets out of the cooling tower.
The space between roof deck 13 and fill pack 19 may be described as a plenum chamber. Partition walls 36 and 38 are supported in the plenum chamber between the fill pack and the deck. The partition walls extend radially in the example shown but could be arranged in any pattern that would isolate fans or groups of fans from each other, thereby making it possible to shut down certain fans while other fans remain running without allowing the hot, moist discharge air from fans that are running to recirculate through the noneoperating fan openings. Thus, the partitions make it practical to operate the fans independently of each other and certain fans in the pattern can be completely shut down while the others remain operating.This is particularly advantageous when certain weather conditions prevail e.g., when cold weather makes it necessary to reduce the flow of air through the tower to prevent the formation of ice. The sound attenuating material 160 and 161 will be supported on suitable structural members of a type familiar to those skilled in the art.
A deicing pipe 47 is supported around the periphery just inside the lower edge of the shell 12 and is connected to the distribution channel 23 by pipe 53. The lower side of the pipe 47 has axially-spaced holes therein and these holes discharge water which forms a curtain in front of the space between the shell 12 and the basin 11 to warm the air that enters through this space, thereby preventing the possible formation of ice on the fill pack.
Figure 21 shows a top view of a cooling tower with the shrouds removed to show a possible arrangement of fan holes 116 in the deck 113.
WHAT WE CLAIM IS:
1. A cylindrical, counterflow, multi-fan, mechanical draft cooling tower comprising, a cylindrical cooled water collection basin, a cylindrical shell substantially the same size as said basin, closed at its upper end by a horizontal planar deck, means supporting the lower end of said cylindrical shell over said cooled water basin to define a space therebetween. said deck being attached to the upper end of said cylindrical shell, spaced columns extending from said deck to said cooled water basin supporting said deck at positions spaced inwardly from said cylindrical shell, said deck having at least five symmetrically arranged, uniformly spaced openings therein with at least four openings adjacent said shell and at least one opening in the centre, a fan supported in each said opening, a fill pack of generally cylindrical configuration having a diameter substantially equal to the inside diameter of said cylindrical shell, said fill pack and said deck being spaced from each other defining a plenum chamber therebetween, a spray eliminator in said plenum chamber above and adjacent said fill pack, and means below said spray eliminator above said fill pack for distributing water to be cooled generally uniformly over said fill pack, said fans being adapted to draw air through said space between said cold water basin and said shell, through said fill pack, and through said spray eliminator, whereby some of said water is evaporated and moist air discharged by said fans, the remaining portion of said water releases heat to said evaporated water and is thereby cooled and flows to said cold water basin for use as cold water, said spray eliminator being supported below said deck at a distance approximately equal to the diameter of said fans, said fill pack being supported above said cylindrical water basin defining a generally cylindrical open space between said fill pack and said basin adapted to contain air at a substantially
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.
Claims (13)
1. A cylindrical, counterflow, multi-fan, mechanical draft cooling tower comprising, a cylindrical cooled water collection basin, a cylindrical shell substantially the same size as said basin, closed at its upper end by a horizontal planar deck, means supporting the lower end of said cylindrical shell over said cooled water basin to define a space therebetween. said deck being attached to the upper end of said cylindrical shell, spaced columns extending from said deck to said cooled water basin supporting said deck at positions spaced inwardly from said cylindrical shell, said deck having at least five symmetrically arranged, uniformly spaced openings therein with at least four openings adjacent said shell and at least one opening in the centre, a fan supported in each said opening, a fill pack of generally cylindrical configuration having a diameter substantially equal to the inside diameter of said cylindrical shell, said fill pack and said deck being spaced from each other defining a plenum chamber therebetween, a spray eliminator in said plenum chamber above and adjacent said fill pack, and means below said spray eliminator above said fill pack for distributing water to be cooled generally uniformly over said fill pack, said fans being adapted to draw air through said space between said cold water basin and said shell, through said fill pack, and through said spray eliminator, whereby some of said water is evaporated and moist air discharged by said fans, the remaining portion of said water releases heat to said evaporated water and is thereby cooled and flows to said cold water basin for use as cold water, said spray eliminator being supported below said deck at a distance approximately equal to the diameter of said fans, said fill pack being supported above said cylindrical water basin defining a generally cylindrical open space between said fill pack and said basin adapted to contain air at a substantially
uniform pressure throughout, whereby the air adjacent the lower side of said fill pack is at a generally uniform pressure.
2. A cooling tower as claimed in claim 1 wherein said means to distribute water comprises, a plurality of distribution channels generally rectangular in cross-section extending diametrically across said cooling tower in said plenum chamber, lateral pipes having their ends connected to the sides of said distribution channels thereby connecting said distribution channels to one another and extending generally perpendicular thereto, said lateral pipes each having a plurality of axially-spaced holes in the bottoms thereof, and nozzle means connected to each said hole.
3. A cooling tower as claimed in claim 2 wherein said nozzle means comprises, a splash plate supported on said lateral pipes below each said hole in spaced relation to said pipes whereby water flowing from said lateral pipes through said holes impinges on said splash plate and splashes, thereby distributing water generally uniformly over said fill pack in the path of air drawn by said fans laterally into said tower between said cold water basin and said shell and up through said fill pack to said fans, whereby some of said water trickles downward over said fill pack and is cooled and gravitates into said cold water basin.
4. A cooling tower as claimed in claim 2 or 3 wherein said spray eliminator comprises spaced, generally vertically-extending curved parallel plates the lower edge of said plates resting on said pipes.
5. A cooling tower as claimed in any one of claims 1-4 wherein said fill pack comprises spaced plates disposed in vertical planes and said plates have serrations on their lower edge for facilitating the regrouping of water and directing the water down into the basin.
6. A cooling tower as claimed in claim 5 wherein said tower has a frame comprising spaced horizontally-extending beams and said plates have a downwardly facing shoulder on each end and each said shoulder rests on one of said beams.
7. A cooling tower as claimed in claim 5 or 6 wherein second plates are disposed in parallel vertical planes and at right angles to said first mentioned plates.
8. A cooling tower as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein radially extending partitions are supported between said deck and said fill pack to prevent the recirculation of air inside said plenum chamber.
9. A cooling tower as claimed in claim 8 wherein said partitions provide a flow passage of air to each of said fans whereby said fans operate independently of each other.
10. A cooling tower as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein radially-extending wind walls are provided in the space between said basin and said fill.
11. A cooling tower as claimed in claim 10 wherein said wind walls extend from the outer portion of said cooling tower inwardly.
12. A cooling tower as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein a pipe is supported on said cooling tower at the lower edge of said cylindrical shell, axiallyspaced openings in the bottom of said pipe providing means to direct water downwardly around the outer periphery of said shell toward said basin whereby a warm water curtain is provided for warming air entering said cooling tower to prevent the formation of ice on the fill pack.
13. A cooling tower substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB43925/77A GB1566922A (en) | 1977-10-21 | 1977-10-21 | Cylindrical multi-fan conterflow cooling tower |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB43925/77A GB1566922A (en) | 1977-10-21 | 1977-10-21 | Cylindrical multi-fan conterflow cooling tower |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB1566922A true GB1566922A (en) | 1980-05-08 |
Family
ID=10430965
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB43925/77A Expired GB1566922A (en) | 1977-10-21 | 1977-10-21 | Cylindrical multi-fan conterflow cooling tower |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB1566922A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2766263A1 (en) * | 1997-07-18 | 1999-01-22 | Hamon Ind Thermique | Industrial cross current cooler with air flow correctors |
| WO2009112007A1 (en) * | 2008-03-13 | 2009-09-17 | Gea Energietechnik Gmbh | Arrangement for recooling cooling water |
| CN113819773A (en) * | 2021-03-06 | 2021-12-21 | 河北汇泉环保科技有限公司 | Method for eradicating icing at air inlet of counter-flow cooling tower |
| CN116512486A (en) * | 2023-07-05 | 2023-08-01 | 江苏智富新材料科技有限公司 | Adjustable cooling forming device and method for plastic product production and processing |
-
1977
- 1977-10-21 GB GB43925/77A patent/GB1566922A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2766263A1 (en) * | 1997-07-18 | 1999-01-22 | Hamon Ind Thermique | Industrial cross current cooler with air flow correctors |
| WO2009112007A1 (en) * | 2008-03-13 | 2009-09-17 | Gea Energietechnik Gmbh | Arrangement for recooling cooling water |
| CN113819773A (en) * | 2021-03-06 | 2021-12-21 | 河北汇泉环保科技有限公司 | Method for eradicating icing at air inlet of counter-flow cooling tower |
| CN116512486A (en) * | 2023-07-05 | 2023-08-01 | 江苏智富新材料科技有限公司 | Adjustable cooling forming device and method for plastic product production and processing |
| CN116512486B (en) * | 2023-07-05 | 2023-10-03 | 江苏智富新材料科技有限公司 | Adjustable cooling forming device and method for plastic product production and processing |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PS | Patent sealed | ||
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |