GB1565252A - Process for the production of o,o-dialkylphorsphorodithiates - Google Patents

Process for the production of o,o-dialkylphorsphorodithiates Download PDF

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GB1565252A
GB1565252A GB49703/76A GB4970376A GB1565252A GB 1565252 A GB1565252 A GB 1565252A GB 49703/76 A GB49703/76 A GB 49703/76A GB 4970376 A GB4970376 A GB 4970376A GB 1565252 A GB1565252 A GB 1565252A
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formula
process according
acid
reaction
sodium
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Novartis AG
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Ciba Geigy AG
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07FACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F9/00Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
    • C07F9/02Phosphorus compounds
    • C07F9/06Phosphorus compounds without P—C bonds
    • C07F9/16Esters of thiophosphoric acids or thiophosphorous acids
    • C07F9/165Esters of thiophosphoric acids
    • C07F9/1651Esters of thiophosphoric acids with hydroxyalkyl compounds with further substituents on alkyl
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07FACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F9/00Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
    • C07F9/02Phosphorus compounds
    • C07F9/547Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom
    • C07F9/553Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07F9/576Six-membered rings
    • C07F9/59Hydrogenated pyridine rings

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Hydrogenated Pyridines (AREA)

Description

(54) PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF O,O-DIALKYLPHOSPHORODITHIOATES (71) We, CIBA-GEIGY AG., a body corporate organised according to the laws of Switzerland, of Basle, Switzerland, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement: The present invention relates to a process for the production of 0,0 - diaLkylphosphoro dithioates of the formula
wherein R represents methyl or ethyl, and Rl and R2 are identical or different, and each represent an alkyl, alkenyl or alkoxyalkyl group having in each case at most 5 carbon atoms.
The 0,0 - dialkylphosphorodithioates of the formula I are selective herbicides which are suitable, in particular, for the control of weeds in rice crops. These compounds and their use are described in the U.S. Patent Specification No. 3,833,600. One compound of the formula I, namely 0,0 - di - n - propyl S - (2 - (2' - methyl - I - piperidinyl) - 2oxoethyl) - phosphorodithioate, is also described in the Pesticide Manual, 4th Edition, British Crop Protection Council, November, 1974.
According to U.S. Patent Specification No.
3,833,600, the compounds of the formula I are produced by reacting in an inert solvent a salt, for example the sodium or potassium salt of a 0,0 - dialkyldithiophosphate of the formula
wherein Rl and R2 have the meaning defined above, with a chloroacetylpiperidine of the formula
wherein R has the meaning given above. The chloroacetyl - piperidines required as starting material are for their part obtained by reaction of chloroacetyl chloride with a corresponding piperidine substituted by the radical R according to the above definition.
According to an alternative likewise mentioned in the U.S. Patent Specification No.
3,833,600, the 0,0 - dialkylphosphorodithio ates of the formula I can be produced also by reacting an ester of a 0,0 - dialkyldithiophosphorylacetic acid, e.g. the phenyl ester, benzyl ester or ethylene glycol ester, with the piperidine substituted by the radical R. In this process, the ester of a 0,0 - dialkylthiophosphorylacetic acid, used as starting material, has to be produced in a preliminary step by reaction of the sodium or potassium salt of a 0,0 - dialkylthiophosphoric acid with a corresponding chloroacetic acid ester. A disadvantage of this process is that two separate reaction steps have to be performed before the desired final products of the formula I are obtained. The object of the present invention is therefore to simplify the known production processes and, simultaneously, to increase the attainable yield of the desired final product of the formula I.
The process according to the invention for the production of 0,0 - dialkylphosphorodithioates of the formula I comprises reacting an essentially equimolar mixture of a piperidine derivative of the formula II
wherein R has the meaning given under formula I, and a free 0,0 - dialkyldithiophosphoric acid of the formula III
wherein R1 and R2 have the meaning defined above, or a sodium, potassium or ammonium salt thereof, in the presence of an acid-binding agent, with chloroacetyl chloride.
The reaction can be performed in the absence of a solvent. Preferably, however, the reaction is carried out in a two-phase system consisting of water and an organic solvent immiscible with water. Preferred solvents are aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons such as hexane, cyclohexane, benzene and, in particular, toluene, as well as aliphatic or aromatic halogenated hydrocarbons, e.g. chlorobenzene, dichloroethane, trichloroethylene, methylene chloride, and carbon tetrachloride.
The process of the invention can be performed in the temperature range of between 0 and 20"C; preferably it is performed at between 5 and 15 C The reaction occurs practically immediately after addition of the halogenoacetyl halide. The duration of the reaction is therefore governed virtually by the extent to which the evolved heat of reaction can be conducted away to maintain the aforementioned temperatures. The reaction can normally be performed within 10 minutes to 4 hours.
There are used for the reaction substantially equimolar amounts of the reactants, with slightly more or slightly less than the equivalent amount of the one or of the other reactant being possible.
Suitable acid-binding agents are alkali metal hydroxides or alkalinesarth metal hydroxides.
The acid-binding agent preferably used is sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.
The amount of acid-binding agent is prefer ably 2 moles per mole of piperidine of the formula II to be reacted. If the 0,0 - di allyldithiophosphoric acid of the formula m is used in the form of the sodium or potassium salt, then 1 mole of acid-binding agent per mole of reacted piperadine of the formula is sufficient A preferred embodiment of the process of the invention comprises adding one equivalent of chloroacetyl chloride at a temperature of between 5 and 15"C, with vigorous stirring, to a two-phase system consisting of a solution of a piperidine of the formula II in toluene and an aqueous solution of one equivalent of a sodium or potassium salt of a O,O - dialkyldithiophosphoric acid of the formula III and one equivalent of sodium or potassium hydroxide.
The process of the invention has the advantage not only that the production of 0,0 - dialkylphosphorodithioates of the formula I is simplified but also that the desired final products are obtained in better yield than they are in the known two-stage process. This has to be regarded as surprising since with each of its two reactive chlorine atoms chloroacetyl chloride can react essentially either with the piperidine derivative of the formula II or with the 0,0 - dialkyldithiophosphoric acid of the formula III. Surprisingly, however, the reaction occurs uniformly and the 0,0 - dialkylphosphorodithioates of the formula I are formed in yields in excess of 90% of theory.
A further advantage of the process of the invention is that the ecological difficulties are reduced compared with those arising with the conventional two-stage process.
The process of the invention is further illustrated by the following Examples.
Example 1 Into a two-phase system consisting of 50 ml of toluene and 30 ml of water there are placed 9.9 g (0.1 mole) of 2 - methylpiperidine, 26.0 g (0.125 mole) of the potassium salt of 0,0di - n - propyldithiophosphoric acid and 5.0 g (0.125 mole) of sodium hydroxide. To this mixture there is then added dropwise at 5 to 15"C, with stirring, 11.8 g 'v0.14 mole) of chloroacetyl chloride. After completion of the addition, the reaction mixture is heated, with further stirring, to room temperature. The organic phase is afterwards separated and washed with water until neutral, and the solvent is distilled off at 80"C and 20 Torr.
There is obtained as residue 34.9 g of a yellow oil consisting to the extent of 94% of 0,0di - n - propyl - S - [2 - (2' - methyl - 1piperidinyl) - 2 - oxoethyli - dithio - phosphate, which corresponds to a net yield of 93% of theory relative to 2 - methylpiperidine.
Example 2 110 g (0.515 mole) of 0,0 - di - n - propyldithiophosphoric acid and 50 g (0.503 mole) of 2 - methylpiperidine are introduced, with stirring, into a two-phase mixture, cooled to 15"C, consisting of 250 g of toluene and 150 g of 30% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (1.12 moles of NaOH). To the mixture obtained there is subsequently added drop wise, at 8 to 12"C, 60 g (0.506 mole) o chloroacetyl chloride. After completion of the addition, the reaction mixture is briefly heated to 25"C and 60 ml of water is added. The aqueous phase is separated from the mixture and is neutralised by addition of about 5 g of 80% sulphuric acid, and the organic phase is extracted with 120 ml of water, whereupon the aqueous phase is neutralised afresh by the addition of about 1 ml of 80% sulphuric acid.
The aqueous phase is afterwards separated and the organic phase is freed from the solvent in vacuo. There is obtained 175 g of a yellow oil consisting to the extent of 93% of O,O- di - n - propsl - S - [2 - (2' - methyl - 1piperidinyl) - 2 - oxoethyll - dithiophosphate, an amount corresponding to a yield of 93% of theory relative to the amount of 2 - methylpyridine used.
WHAT WE CLAIM IS:- 1. Process for the production of 0,0 - dialkylphosphorodithioates of the formula I
wherein R represents methyl or ethyl, and R, and R2 are identical or different, and each represent an alkyl, alkenyl or alkoxylalkyl group having in each case at most 5 carbon atoms, which process comprises reacting a substantially equimolar mixture of a piperidine derivative of the formula II
wherein R has the meaning given under formula I, and a 0,0 - dialkyldithiophosphoric free acid of the formula m
wherein R1 and R2 have the meaning defined above, or a sodium, potassium or ammonium salt thereof, in the presence of an acid-binding agent, with chloroacetyl chloride.
2. Process according to Claim 1, wherein the reaction is performed in a two-phase system consisting of water and an organic solvent immiscible with water.
3. Process according to Claim 2, wherein the reaction is performed in a two-phase system consisting of water and an aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon or an aliphatic or aromatic halogenated hydrocarbon.
4. Process according to Claim 3, wherein the reaction is performed in a two-phase system consisting of water and toluene.
5. Process according to any of Claims 1 to 4, wherein the reaction is performed in the temperature range of between 0 and 20"C.
6. Process according to Claim 5, wherein the reaction is performed in the temperature range of between 5 and 15"C.
7. Process according to any of Claims 1 to 6, wherein the acid-binding agent used is an alkali metal hydroxide or alkaline-earth metal hydroxide.
8. Process according to Claim 7, wherein the acid-binding agent used is sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.
9. Process according to Claim 1, which process comprises adding one equivalent of chloroacetyl chloride at a temperature of between 5 and 15"C, with vigorous stirring, to a two-phase system consisting of a solution of a piperidine derivative of the formula II in toluene and an aqueous solution of one equivalent of a sodium or potassium salt of a 0,0dialkyldithiophosphoric acid of the formula III and one equivalent of sodium or potassium hydroxide.
10. Process according to Claim 1 substantially as described in Example 1 or 2.
11. An 0,0 - dialkylphosphoro - dithioate as defined in Claim 1 when prepared by the process claimed in any of Claims 1 to 10.
12. Process according to any of Claims 1 to 9 wherein the compound of formula II is 2 - methyl - piperidine and the compound of formula m is 0,0 - di - n - propyldithiophosphoric acid.
13. 0,0 - Di - n - propyl - S - [2 methyl - 1 - piperidinyl) - 2 - oxo - ethyl] dithiophosphate when produced by the process of Claim 10 or 12.
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.

Claims (13)

**WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **. an amount corresponding to a yield of 93% of theory relative to the amount of 2 - methylpyridine used. WHAT WE CLAIM IS:-
1. Process for the production of 0,0 - dialkylphosphorodithioates of the formula I
wherein R represents methyl or ethyl, and R, and R2 are identical or different, and each represent an alkyl, alkenyl or alkoxylalkyl group having in each case at most 5 carbon atoms, which process comprises reacting a substantially equimolar mixture of a piperidine derivative of the formula II
wherein R has the meaning given under formula I, and a 0,0 - dialkyldithiophosphoric free acid of the formula m
wherein R1 and R2 have the meaning defined above, or a sodium, potassium or ammonium salt thereof, in the presence of an acid-binding agent, with chloroacetyl chloride.
2. Process according to Claim 1, wherein the reaction is performed in a two-phase system consisting of water and an organic solvent immiscible with water.
3. Process according to Claim 2, wherein the reaction is performed in a two-phase system consisting of water and an aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon or an aliphatic or aromatic halogenated hydrocarbon.
4. Process according to Claim 3, wherein the reaction is performed in a two-phase system consisting of water and toluene.
5. Process according to any of Claims 1 to 4, wherein the reaction is performed in the temperature range of between 0 and 20"C.
6. Process according to Claim 5, wherein the reaction is performed in the temperature range of between 5 and 15"C.
7. Process according to any of Claims 1 to 6, wherein the acid-binding agent used is an alkali metal hydroxide or alkaline-earth metal hydroxide.
8. Process according to Claim 7, wherein the acid-binding agent used is sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.
9. Process according to Claim 1, which process comprises adding one equivalent of chloroacetyl chloride at a temperature of between 5 and 15"C, with vigorous stirring, to a two-phase system consisting of a solution of a piperidine derivative of the formula II in toluene and an aqueous solution of one equivalent of a sodium or potassium salt of a 0,0dialkyldithiophosphoric acid of the formula III and one equivalent of sodium or potassium hydroxide.
10. Process according to Claim 1 substantially as described in Example 1 or 2.
11. An 0,0 - dialkylphosphoro - dithioate as defined in Claim 1 when prepared by the process claimed in any of Claims 1 to 10.
12. Process according to any of Claims 1 to 9 wherein the compound of formula II is 2 - methyl - piperidine and the compound of formula m is 0,0 - di - n - propyldithiophosphoric acid.
13. 0,0 - Di - n - propyl - S - [2 methyl - 1 - piperidinyl) - 2 - oxo - ethyl] dithiophosphate when produced by the process of Claim 10 or 12.
GB49703/76A 1975-12-01 1976-11-29 Process for the production of o,o-dialkylphorsphorodithiates Expired GB1565252A (en)

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704A Declaration that licence is not available as of right for an excepted use (par. 4a/1977)
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Effective date: 19961128