GB1562902A

GB1562902A - Pharmaceutical compositions containing clavulanic acid

Info

Publication number: GB1562902A
Application number: GB27149/76A
Authority: GB
Original assignee: Beecham Group PLC
Current assignee: Beecham Group PLC
Priority date: 1976-06-30
Filing date: 1976-06-30
Publication date: 1980-03-19
Also published as: JPS533533A

Description

(54) PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING CLAVULANIC ACID (71) We, BEECHAM GROUP LIMITED, a British Company, of Beecham House, Great West Road, Brentford, Middlesex, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement:- The present invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions. Clavulanic acid, which is the compound of the formula (I):

and its pharmaceutically acceptable salts are useful p-lactamase inhibitors which are disclosed and claimed in British Patent Specification No. 1508977. Clavulanic acid and its salts (referred to as the synergist) are able to enhance the effectiveness of penicillins against many strains of pathogenic bacteria. It has now been discovered that when clavulanic acid or its salt is formulated with one of a certain group of penicillins then the resulting co-formulation has a particularly broad spectrum of activity.

Accordingly the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition which comprises the compound of the formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a compound of the formula (II):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable in-vivo hydrolysable ester or a salt thereof wherein R' is a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl or acetoxyl group, X is an oxygen or sulphur atom, n is 1 or 2, R2 is a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl, lower acyl or phenyl lower alkyl group and R3 is a lower alkyl, lower acyl or lower alkylsuiphonyl group.

Most suitably X is an oxygen atom and n is 2.

When used herein the term 'lower' means that the group contains 1--4 carbon atoms.

Normally the compositions of this invention will be in a form suitable for parenteral administration.

Most suitably the compound of the formula (11 ) used in the composition of this invention is of the formula (111):

or a salt thereof wherein R' and R3 are as defined in relation to formula (it).

Most suitably R3 is a lower alkyl group.

Preferably R3 is an ethyl group.

Most suitably R' is a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl group.

Preferably R' is a hydrogen atom.

Normally the compounds of the formulae (I)-(III) will be present in the composition of this invention in the form of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt such as the sodium salt.

In general, the compositions of this invention will contain the synergist and penicillin in the ratio of from 2:1 to 1:25. More suitably this ratio will be from 1:1 to 1:15 and preferably from 1:2 to 1:12, for example from 1:3 to 1:10.

The compositions of this invention may be presented as single or multi dose forms. In general single dose forms will contain from 62.5 mg to 2500 mg of the penicillin and from 25 mg to 250 mg of the synergist. These compositions may be administered once or more times per day so that for a 70 kg human the usual total daily dose of penicillin administered is from 250 mg to 5000 mg and the usual daily dose of synergist is from 100 mg to 1000 mg.

It is possible to prepare the compositions of this invention by conventional methods of mixing and formulation, for example as described in the aforementioned British Patent. A particularly suitable form of the composition comprises a mixture of the synergist and the penicillin sealed into glass vials or bottles. Naturally, the injectable compositions of this invention are rendered sterile.

The composition of this invention will be dissolvable in conventional solvents such as water for injection.

The compositions of this invention may be employed for the treatment of bacterial infections due to an unusually wide range of gram-negative and grampositive bacteria such as Pseudomrnzas aeroginosa, Kiebsiella aerogines, Eschevichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and the like including those which produce p-lactamases.

Normally and preferably the active compounds are administered in a composition of this invention as hereinbefore described. Most suitably the compositions are administered to provide a peak blood level of at least 0.25 yz/ml, more suitably at least 0.5 yglml and preferably at least l ,ug/ml of the compound of the formula (I) or salt thereof and at least l ,ug/ml, more suitably at least 2.5,ug/ml and preferably at least 12.5 ,ug/ml of a compound of the formula (II).

The compounds of the formula (II) may be prepared by the methods of Belgian Patent No. 828692 (Derwent No. 77073W).

The toxicity of the compositions of this invention is no greater than the sum of the toxicities of the individual components of the compositions.

The following Example illustrates the invention: Example I Compounds (A) and (B):

in sterile finely divided form may be filled into sterile glass vials in the following quantities: Compound (A) mg Compound (B) mg 25 62.5 25 125 25 250 25 500 50 250 50 500 100 1000 50 625 WHAT WE CLAIM IS: 1. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a mixture of the compound of the formula (I):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a compound of the formula (II):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable in-vivo hydrolysable ester or a salt thereof wherein R' is a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl or acetoxyl group, X is an oxygen or sulphur atom, n is I or 2, R2 is a hvdrogen atom or a lower alkyl, lower acyl or phenyl-lower alkyl group and R3 is a lower alkyl, lower acyl or lower alkylsulphonyl group.

2. A composition as claimed in Claim 1, wherein X is an oxygen atom and n is 2.

**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.

Claims

**WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **.

Example I Compounds (A) and (B):

in sterile finely divided form may be filled into sterile glass vials in the following quantities: Compound (A) mg Compound (B) mg

25 62.5

25 125

25 250

25 500

50 250

50 500

100 1000

50 625 WHAT WE CLAIM IS: 1. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a mixture of the compound of the formula (I):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a compound of the formula (II):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable in-vivo hydrolysable ester or a salt thereof wherein R' is a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl or acetoxyl group, X is an oxygen or sulphur atom, n is I or 2, R2 is a hvdrogen atom or a lower alkyl, lower acyl or phenyl-lower alkyl group and R3 is a lower alkyl, lower acyl or lower alkylsulphonyl group.
2. A composition as claimed in Claim 1, wherein X is an oxygen atom and n is 2.
3. A composition as claimed in Claim 1 wherein the compound of the formula

(II) is of the formula (III):

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof wherein R1 and R3 are defined in relation to formula (II).
4. A composition as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 3 wherein R3 is a lower alkyl group.
5. A composition as claimed in Claim 4 wherein R3 is an ethyl group.
6. A composition as claimed in any one of Claims I to 5 wherein R' is a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl group.
7. A composition as claimed in Claim 6 wherein R' is a hydrogen atom.
8. A composition as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 7 wherein the compounds of the formulae (I) and (II) are in the form of pharmaceutically acceptable salts.
9. A composition as claimed in Claim 8, wherein the compounds of the formulae (I) and (II) are present in the form of their sodium salts.
10. A composition as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 9 wherein the ratio of the compound of the formula (I) or its salt to the compound of the formula (II) or its salt or ester is from 2:1 to 1:25 by weight.
11. A composition as claimed in Claim 10 wherein the ratio of the compound of the formula (I) or its salt to the compound of the formula (II) or its salt or ester is from 1:1 to 1:15 by weight.
12. A composition as claimed in Claim 10 wherein the ratio of the compound of the formula (I) or its salt to the compound of the formula (II) or its salt or ester is from 1:2 to 1:10 by weight.
13. A composition as claimed in any one of Claims 8 to 12 adapted for parenteral administration.
14. A composition as claimed in Claim 13 in unit dose form comprising from 25 to 250 mg of a salt of the compound of the formula (I) and 62.5 to 2500 mg of a salt of the compound of the formula (II).
15. A pharmaceutical composition substantially as described in Example 1 herein.