GB1235914A - Improvements in liquid cooled rocket combustion chambers - Google Patents

Abstract

1,235,914. Rocket combustion chambers and nozzles - cooling. MESSERCHMITT-BOLHOWBLOHM G.m.b.H. July 5, 1968 [July 19, 1969, No. 32230/68. Heading F1J. The invention relates to a liquid-cooled rocket combustion chamber having a convergent-divergent propulsion nozzle, cooling channels being provided in the wall of the combustion chamber and nozzle, there being at least in the highly heated zones of the combustion chamber and in the region of the throat of the nozzle a number of rows of cooling channels, the rows being spaced apart in the radial direction. The rocket propulsion nozzle shown in Figs. 1 and 2 comprises a convergent portion 1, a throat portion 2 and a divergent portion 3, the throat portion being formed separately and being secured between the convergent and divergent portions, the flanges 4 and 5 of which are secured by bolts. Cooling fluid bores 6 are formed in the convergent and divergent portions, the cooling fluid flowing in an upstream direction with respect to the gas flow through the nozzle; the cooling fluid may be one of the liquid propellents. Two rows 7, 8 of cooling fluid bores 9, 10 are formed in the throat portion 2, the rows being spaced apart radially. Cooling fluid-flows from the bores 6 in the divergent portion 3 into the bores 9, 10 in the throat portion 2, that portion of fluid-flowing through the outer bores 10 passing into the bores 6 in the convergent portion 1, while that portion flowing through the inner bores 9 is reversed in direction at 11 and discharged as a cooling film adjacent the wall of the throat, vanes 12 being disposed so as to impart swirl to the flow of coolant. In Fig. 3 (not shown) both the inner and the outer bores (17), (18) of the throat portion communicate with the bores 6 in the convergent portion and no film cooling is provided. Also, sector-shaped members (19) are provided co-operating with the outer bores (18) to restrict the flow area thereof. The radial position of the members may be pre-set by means of screws (20). In Fig. 5 sector members, 19 are again provided so as to control the flow area of the outer bores 18 but the position of each sector member is controlled automatically in dependence on combustion chamber conditions. Each member 19 is controlled by a piston member 22 having a plunger 22a, the piston being urged inwardly by fluid-pressure in chamber 23 and outwardly by a tension spring 31. Pressure fluid is supplied to chamber 23 through lines 24, 25 under control of a piston valve 27 which is itself controlled by a piston 28 which is responsive to pressure of cooling fluid in a bore 6.