GB1177182A - Production of 1,3-Dicyano-3-Butene and Isomers thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

1,177,182. Dimerization of acrylonitrile. BADISCHE ANILIN- & SODA FABRIC A.G. 12 May, 1967 [14 May, 1966], No. 22122/67. Heading C2C. 1,3-Dicyano-3-butene and isomers thereof are continuously produced by dimerizing acrylonitrile by heating in the presence of at least one proton donor in a molar ratio of 1 : 10 to 1000 : 1 and in the presence of a compound of trivalent phosphorus at a temperature of 20- 150‹ C. for not longer than 100 hours while using a solvent which is an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon, wherein the heavy phase which forms during the reaction is continuously removed from the reactor and worked up. The catalyst contained in the heavy phase is preferably deactivated before the latter is worked up. Suitable proton donors are water, low molecular weight (C 1-12 ) monoalcohols and polyalcohols, phenols, carboxylic acids, #-ketones, ammonia or primary or secondary alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl amines, which compounds may contain groups which are inert under the reaction conditions. The trivalent phosphorus compound may be a phosphine, a halophosphine, a phosphite or a thio-phosphite of a thioalcohol, or a phosphorus amide, a diphosphine derivative or a complex of a phosphine or phosphite with a metal of group VIII of the Periodic Table.