GB1141512A - Improvements in or relating to optical devices employing nonlinear birefringent crystals - Google Patents
Improvements in or relating to optical devices employing nonlinear birefringent crystalsInfo
- Publication number
- GB1141512A GB1141512A GB22241/66A GB2224166A GB1141512A GB 1141512 A GB1141512 A GB 1141512A GB 22241/66 A GB22241/66 A GB 22241/66A GB 2224166 A GB2224166 A GB 2224166A GB 1141512 A GB1141512 A GB 1141512A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- crystal
- frequency
- output
- signal
- voltage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 title abstract 19
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title abstract 2
- 229910013641 LiNbO 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 3
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/35—Non-linear optics
- G02F1/39—Non-linear optics for parametric generation or amplification of light, infrared or ultraviolet waves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/35—Non-linear optics
- G02F1/353—Frequency conversion, i.e. wherein a light beam is generated with frequency components different from those of the incident light beams
- G02F1/3534—Three-wave interaction, e.g. sum-difference frequency generation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/35—Non-linear optics
- G02F1/353—Frequency conversion, i.e. wherein a light beam is generated with frequency components different from those of the incident light beams
- G02F1/3544—Particular phase matching techniques
- G02F1/3546—Active phase matching, e.g. by electro- or thermo-optic tuning
Abstract
1,141,512. Light modulators. WESTERN ELECTRIC CO. Inc. 19 May, 1966 [27 May, 1965; 23 Dec., 1965], No. 22241/66. Heading H4F. [Also in Division G2] The invention relates to a parametric device as described in Specification 1,070,570 in which a voltage is applied across a non-linear birefringent crystal e.g. LiNbO 3 (lithium metaniobate) or KDP, to produce a control over the output frequency of a coherent light beam through the linear electro-optic effect, this voltage being in addition to a primary frequency control by means of temperature control. In a first embodiment, Fig. 1, a laser 11 directs a coherent light beam, preferably plane polarized, into a LiNbO 3 crystal 12 perpendicularly to its optic axis. Crystal 12 is maintained at a fixed temperature which affords optimum phase matching for second harmonic generation such that the output beam contains not only the fundamental frequency wo from laser 11 but also second harmonic components at frequency W p , where W p is twice W o . Frequency W o is filtered out and the beam at W p is directed into LiNbO 3 crystal 16 perpendicularly to its optic axis. Crystal 16 has dielectric coatings 17 and 18 or mirrors are spaced from the crystal to produce an optical cavity resonator. The non-linearity and birefringence of the crystal permits parametric interaction and thus an extraordinary ray pump wave w p can be phase-matched to ordinary ray signal w s and idler w i waves within the crystal. The phase-matching determines the frequencies w s and w i which may be varied over a wide range by means of variations in the crystal temperature. Crystal 16 is thus maintained at a fixed temperature by suitable means 19 to produce the desired signal w s and idler w i output frequencies. Pump frequency W p and where desired idler frequency w i may be eliminated by one or more filters 21. To stabilize the output frequencies during temperature variations a portion of the output beam is directed (partially reflecting mirror or prism 22) into a Fabry-Perot interferometer 23 the output of which is focused on to a plate 26 and through apertures 27 and 28 to a pair of photomultipliers 29 and 31. A change in frequency produces a shift in the interferometer rings and thus a difference in the outputs of the photomultipliers 29 and 31 which are fed to a difference amplifier 32. Amplifier 32 compares the outputs, the apparatus being adjusted so that they are usually equal, and produces a voltage output proportional to the difference in outputs of the photomultipliers which is applied across crystal 16 by means of contacts 33 and 34. This voltage causes a change in the matching conditions and hence a shift in the output frequencies in a direction to correct the original frequency drift i.e. automatic frequency stabilization of the output of crystal 16 is achieved. Lyot filters may be used to detect frequency changes. In a second embodiment, Fig. 2 (not shown), frequency modulation of the output of the crystal is obtained by applying a modulating signal across the crystal which produces a change #w in both the signal and idler frequencies. A frequency pulsed output may be produced, Fig. 3 (not shown). Large frequency changes may be achieved by means of controlled temperature changes. In a third embodiment, Fig. 4 (not shown), amplitude modulation of the light beam may be produced by applying pump and signal waves into the crystal, their phases being matched for optimum parametric amplification of the signal, and by applying an electric field across the crystal to vary the phase match and hence the degree of amplification of the signal. In a fourth embodiment, Fig. 7 (not shown), the device is arranged to operate close to a desired frequency by applying a net voltage across the crystal in a direction which is transverse to the light beam and at an angle to the Y and Z crystal axes.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US45917365A | 1965-05-27 | 1965-05-27 | |
US515926A US3328723A (en) | 1965-12-23 | 1965-12-23 | Optical frequency parametric oscillators and modulators with temperature and electrical control |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB1141512A true GB1141512A (en) | 1969-01-29 |
Family
ID=27039273
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB22241/66A Expired GB1141512A (en) | 1965-05-27 | 1966-05-19 | Improvements in or relating to optical devices employing nonlinear birefringent crystals |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
BE (1) | BE681375A (en) |
DE (1) | DE1287229B (en) |
GB (1) | GB1141512A (en) |
NL (1) | NL6607388A (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1996016344A1 (en) * | 1994-11-18 | 1996-05-30 | The University Of Sydney | Inducing or enhancing electro-optical properties in optically transmissive material |
CN117239528A (en) * | 2023-11-13 | 2023-12-15 | 上海频准激光科技有限公司 | Frequency multiplication control method and control device for multiplexing frequency multiplication crystal and electro-optic modulation element |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4329664A (en) * | 1980-06-09 | 1982-05-11 | Ali Javan | Generation of stable frequency radiation at an optical frequency |
JPH0429383A (en) * | 1990-05-25 | 1992-01-31 | Hitachi Ltd | Optically modulatable higher harmonic wave light source and optical information processor using same |
US5854870A (en) * | 1990-05-25 | 1998-12-29 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Short-wavelength laser light source |
DE19954036A1 (en) * | 1999-10-29 | 2001-05-10 | Siemens Ag | Wavelength stabilisation method e.g. for optical transmission systems |
-
1966
- 1966-05-19 GB GB22241/66A patent/GB1141512A/en not_active Expired
- 1966-05-20 BE BE681375D patent/BE681375A/xx unknown
- 1966-05-20 DE DEW41624A patent/DE1287229B/en active Pending
- 1966-05-27 NL NL6607388A patent/NL6607388A/xx unknown
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1996016344A1 (en) * | 1994-11-18 | 1996-05-30 | The University Of Sydney | Inducing or enhancing electro-optical properties in optically transmissive material |
US5966233A (en) * | 1994-11-18 | 1999-10-12 | University Of Sydney | Inducing or enhancing electro-optic properties in optically transmissive material with simultaneous UV irradiation and electric field application |
CN117239528A (en) * | 2023-11-13 | 2023-12-15 | 上海频准激光科技有限公司 | Frequency multiplication control method and control device for multiplexing frequency multiplication crystal and electro-optic modulation element |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NL6607388A (en) | 1966-11-28 |
DE1287229B (en) | 1969-01-16 |
BE681375A (en) | 1966-10-31 |
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