GB1023576A - Improvements in electroconductive polymerised materials - Google Patents

Improvements in electroconductive polymerised materials

Info

Publication number
GB1023576A
GB1023576A GB2554162A GB2554162A GB1023576A GB 1023576 A GB1023576 A GB 1023576A GB 2554162 A GB2554162 A GB 2554162A GB 2554162 A GB2554162 A GB 2554162A GB 1023576 A GB1023576 A GB 1023576A
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GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
acid
paper
polymer
examples
sprayed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB2554162A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to GB2554162A priority Critical patent/GB1023576A/en
Publication of GB1023576A publication Critical patent/GB1023576A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03GELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G5/00Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
    • G03G5/10Bases for charge-receiving or other layers
    • G03G5/101Paper bases
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21HPULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H19/00Coated paper; Coating material
    • D21H19/36Coatings with pigments
    • D21H19/44Coatings with pigments characterised by the other ingredients, e.g. the binder or dispersing agent
    • D21H19/62Macromolecular organic compounds or oligomers thereof obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B1/00Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Color Printing (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)

Abstract

A backing for an electrophotographic material has a surface resistance of less than 1010 ohms/square and is formed by coating a base material of higher surface resistance with a polymeric product obtained by the action of a protogenic or Lewis acid on an olefinic hydrocarbon. Suitable hydrocarbons include isoprene, piperylene, butylene, isobutylene, hexylene, cyclopentene, butadiene, dimethyl-butadiene and cyclopentadiene. A suitable mixture of olefins is the pre-benzene fraction obtained by distillation of the aromatic liquid product of a petroleum cracking and aromatization process. Also suitable is a mixture of mono- and diolefins obtained by distillation of the light oil obtained from coal tar. Cyclopentadiene is the only olefin used in specific examples. Suitable acidic materials include mono-chloroacetic acid, dichloroacetic, trichloroacetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, picric acid, benzene sulphonic acid, diphenyl-phosphate, orthophosphonic acid, aluminium chloride, boron trifluoride, ferric chloride, boron fluoride etherate, stannic chloride, and aluminium bromide. The polymeric material which may be pre-formed or formed in situ, may be a surface coating only or may also fill the pores of the base material. Suitable base materials include cellulose web, paper, cardboard, cloth, nylon wood, plastic, leather, or parchment. Paper is the only base material used in specific examples. To modify further the surface conductance of the material various powders may be mixed with the polymeric material. Suitable powders include selenium, zinc, chromium, cadmium, aluminium, copper, iron, silver, nickel-aluminium alloy, selenium dioxide, zinc oxide, zinc sulphide, chromium trioxide, cadmium sulphide, alumina, cupric oxide, cupric sulphide, ferric oxide, ferric sulphide, graphite, animal charcoal, bentonite, soluble starch, cadmium oxide, and kieselguhr. Examples.-In one example an ester obtained by reacting cyclopentadiene and trichloroacetic acid (see Specification 819,826), is sprayed on to paper and left for polymerization to occur to give a deeply coloured polymer on both sides of the paper and filling the pores. In further examples, the ester mentioned above is sprayed on to filter papers covered with various powdered materials. The paper becomes coated with a mixture of the respective powdered material and polymer. In more examples, filter papers are respectively sprayed with aqueous solutions of trichloracetic acid, picric acid, benzene sulphonic acid, diphenyl phosphate, and orthophosphoric acid, and a further paper with a benzene solution of trifluoroacetic acid. After evaporation of the solvent each paper is sprayed with the ester mentioned above and left for polymerization to occur. In another example, a paper is sprayed with a chloroform solution of stannic chloride and with the ester mentioned above to give the rapid formation of a black shiny lacquer. In other examples, cyclopentadiene is added to papers impregnated with stannic chloride or with one of the acids in the examples described. Polymeric material is formed after the papers have been left for some days. That formed with trichloroacetic acid is described in Specification 711,791. Deeply coloured polymers are formed with diphenyl phosphate and trifluoroacetic acid. In a further example, a paper is sprayed with a chloroform solution of trichloroacetic acid and chloranil, and then with the ester mentioned above. The ester and chloranil form an insoluble polymer. Details are given of the separate preparation of the polymer. In more examples acid impregnated papers are soaked in a dilute solution of a polymer obtained by the reaction of cyclopentadiene and trichloroacetic acid. The preparation of this polymer is described. Paper may be impregnated with this polymer alone (applied as a solution in chloroform). Another paper is soaked with a colourless polymer obtained by the action of stannic chloride on cyclopentadiene. If trichloroacetic acid is added to the solution used a deeply coloured modification of the polymer is formed. In a final set of examples the polymer obtained from trichloroacetic acid and cyclopentadiene is reacted with maleic anhydride to give a further polymeric material. This is dissolved in aqueous sodium hydroxide to form a solution containing the sodium salt of an acid obtained by hydrolysis of the anhydride residues in the polymer. This solution is sprayed on to papers previously soaked with aqueous solutions of trichloroacetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, benzene sulphonic acid, and diphenylphosphate respectively. The water is allowed to evaporate.ALSO:A backing for an electrophotographic material has a surface resistance of less than 1010 ohms/square and is formed by coating a base material of higher surface resistance with a polymeric product obtained by the action of a protogenic or Lewis acid on an olefinic hydrocarbon. Suitable hydrocarbons include isoprene, piperylene, butylene, isobutylene, hexylene, cyclopentene, butadiene, dimethyl-butadiene and cyclopentadiene. A suitable mixture of olefins is the pre-benzene fraction obtained by distillation of the aromatic liquid product of a petroleum cracking and aromatization process. Also suitable is a mixture of mono- and di-olefins obtained by distillation of the light oil obtained from coal tar. Cyclopentadiene is the only olefin used in specific examples. Suitable acidic materials include monochloroacetic acid, dichloroacetic, trichloroacetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, picric acid, benzene sulphonic acid, diphenyl-phosphate, orthophosphonic acid, aluminium chloride, boron trifluoride, ferric chloride, boron fluoride etherate, stannic chloride, and aluminium bromide. The polymeric material which may be pre-formed or formed in situ, may be a surface coating only or may also fill the pores of the base material. Suitable base materials include cellulose web, paper, cardboard, cloth, nylon, wood, plastic, leather, or parchment. Paper is the only base material used in specific examples. To modify further the surface conductance of the material various powders may be mixed with the polymeric material. Suitable powders include selenium, zinc, chromium, cadmium, aluminium, copper, iron, silver, nickel-aluminium alloy, selenium dioxide, zinc oxide, zinc sulphide, chromium trioxide, cadmium sulphide, alumina, cupric oxide, cupric sulphide, ferric oxide, ferric sulphide, graphite, animal charcoal, bentonite, soluble starch, cadmium oxide, and kieselguhr. Examples. In one example an ester obtained by reacting cyclopentanediene and trichloroacetic acid (see Specification 819,826) is sprayed on to paper and left for polymerization to occur to give a deeply coloured polymer on both sides of the paper and filling the pores. In further examples the ester mentioned above is sprayed on to filter papers covered with various powdered materials. The paper becomes coated with a mixture of the respective powdered material and polymer. In more examples filter papers are respectively sprayed with aqueous solutions of trichloroacetic acid, picric acid, benzene sulphonic acid, diphenyl phosphate, and orthophosphonic acid, and a further paper with a benzene solution of trifluoroacetic acid. After evaporation of the solvent each paper is sprayed with the ester mentioned above and left for polymerization to occur. In another example a paper is sprayed with a chloroform solution of stannic chloride and with the ester mentioned above to give the rapid formation of a black shiny lacquer. In other examples cyclopentadiene is added to papers impregnated with stannic chloride or with one of the acids in the examples described. Polymeric material is formed after the papers have been left for some days. That formed with trichloroacetic acid is described in Specification 711,791. Deeply coloured polymers are formed with diphenyl phosphate and trifluoroacetic acid. In a further example a paper is sprayed with a chloroform solution of trichloroacetic acid and chloranil, and then with the ester mentioned above. The ester and chloranil form an insoluble polymer. Details are given of the separate preparation of the polymer. In more examples acid impregnated papers are soaked in a dilute solution of a polymer obtained by the reaction of cyclopentadiene and trichloroacetic acid. The preparation of this polymer is described. Paper may be impregnated with this polymer alone (applied as a solution in chloroform). Another paper is soaked with a colourless polymer obtained by the action of stannic chloride on cyclopentadiene. If trichloroacetic acid is added to the solution used a deeply coloured modification of the polymer is formed. In a final set of examples the polymer obtained from trichloroacetic acid and cyclopentadiene is reacted with maleic anhydride to give a further polymeric material. This is dissolved in aqueous sodium hydroxide to form a solution containing the sodium salt of an acid obtained by hydrolysis of the anhydride residues in the polymer. This solution is sprayed on to papers previously soaked with aqueous solutions of trichloroacetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, benzene sulphonic acid, and diphenylphosphate respectively. The water is allowed to evaporate.
GB2554162A 1962-07-03 1962-07-03 Improvements in electroconductive polymerised materials Expired GB1023576A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB2554162A GB1023576A (en) 1962-07-03 1962-07-03 Improvements in electroconductive polymerised materials

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB2554162A GB1023576A (en) 1962-07-03 1962-07-03 Improvements in electroconductive polymerised materials

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB1023576A true GB1023576A (en) 1966-03-23

Family

ID=10229356

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB2554162A Expired GB1023576A (en) 1962-07-03 1962-07-03 Improvements in electroconductive polymerised materials

Country Status (1)

Country Link
GB (1) GB1023576A (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2514161A1 (en) * 1981-10-01 1983-04-08 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd MATERIAL FOR THE PREPARATION OF ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHIC PLATES
GB2118097A (en) * 1982-04-15 1983-10-26 Bondina Limited Conductive sheets and products incorporating them
US10411222B2 (en) * 2017-05-23 2019-09-10 University Of Maryland, College Park Transparent hybrid substrates, devices employing such substrates, and methods for fabrication and use thereof

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2514161A1 (en) * 1981-10-01 1983-04-08 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd MATERIAL FOR THE PREPARATION OF ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHIC PLATES
GB2118097A (en) * 1982-04-15 1983-10-26 Bondina Limited Conductive sheets and products incorporating them
US10411222B2 (en) * 2017-05-23 2019-09-10 University Of Maryland, College Park Transparent hybrid substrates, devices employing such substrates, and methods for fabrication and use thereof

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