FR3129717A1 - HEAT EXCHANGER FOR ELECTRIC OR HYBRID VEHICLES - Google Patents

HEAT EXCHANGER FOR ELECTRIC OR HYBRID VEHICLES Download PDF

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Publication number
FR3129717A1
FR3129717A1 FR2112658A FR2112658A FR3129717A1 FR 3129717 A1 FR3129717 A1 FR 3129717A1 FR 2112658 A FR2112658 A FR 2112658A FR 2112658 A FR2112658 A FR 2112658A FR 3129717 A1 FR3129717 A1 FR 3129717A1
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France
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
battery pack
plate
vehicle
face
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Granted
Application number
FR2112658A
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French (fr)
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FR3129717B1 (en
Inventor
Bertrand Gessier
Francois Charbonnelle
Richard COTTET
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Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS
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Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS
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Priority to FR2112658A priority Critical patent/FR3129717B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/03—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits
    • F28D1/0308—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits the conduits being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
    • B60L1/003—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles to auxiliary motors, e.g. for pumps, compressors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/06—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of plastics material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
    • F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
    • F28F21/084—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from aluminium or aluminium alloys
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F28F3/04—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element
    • F28F3/048—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element in the form of ribs integral with the element or local variations in thickness of the element, e.g. grooves, microchannels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/12—Elements constructed in the shape of a hollow panel, e.g. with channels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/653—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by electrically insulating or thermally conductive materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6551—Surfaces specially adapted for heat dissipation or radiation, e.g. fins or coatings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6554—Rods or plates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/545—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0028—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for cooling heat generating elements, e.g. for cooling electronic components or electric devices
    • F28D2021/0031—Radiators for recooling a coolant of cooling systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0043—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for fuel cells
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/008—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/008—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for vehicles
    • F28D2021/0091—Radiators
    • F28D2021/0092—Radiators with particular location on vehicle, e.g. under floor or on roof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2255/00—Heat exchanger elements made of materials having special features or resulting from particular manufacturing processes
    • F28F2255/06—Heat exchanger elements made of materials having special features or resulting from particular manufacturing processes composite, e.g. polymers with fillers or fibres
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2270/00—Thermal insulation; Thermal decoupling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)

Abstract

Cet échangeur de chaleur (8) pour un véhicule électrique ou hybride comporte une plaque (10) configurée pour être disposée sous le véhicule à l’aplomb d’un pack batterie (4), ladite plaque (10) comportant au moins un canal de circulation d’un fluide caloporteur destiné à être relié à un circuit de gestion thermique. Figure pour l’abrégé : figure 2This heat exchanger (8) for an electric or hybrid vehicle comprises a plate (10) configured to be arranged under the vehicle directly above a battery pack (4), said plate (10) comprising at least one circulation of a heat transfer fluid intended to be connected to a thermal management circuit. Figure for abstract: Figure 2

Description

ECHANGEUR DE CHALEUR POUR VEHICULE ELECTRIQUE OU HYBRIDEHEAT EXCHANGER FOR ELECTRIC OR HYBRID VEHICLES

L’invention concerne les véhicules automobiles. Plus précisément, l’invention se rapporte à un échangeur de chaleur pour un véhicule électrique ou hybride, à un pack batterie pour véhicule automobile comprenant un tel échangeur et à un véhicule automobile comprenant un tel pack batterie.The invention relates to motor vehicles. More specifically, the invention relates to a heat exchanger for an electric or hybrid vehicle, to a battery pack for a motor vehicle comprising such an exchanger and to a motor vehicle comprising such a battery pack.

Parmi les véhicules automobiles, les véhicules hybrides et les véhicules électriques figurent parmi ceux qui présentent les pertes thermiques les plus faibles. Cela est expliqué par, d’une part, le très haut rendement des chaînes de traction de tels véhicule, pouvant atteindre jusqu’à 95%, et, d’autre part, l’isolation thermique de l’habitacle qui permet de réduire les besoins en chauffage ou en climatisation.Among motor vehicles, hybrid vehicles and electric vehicles are among those with the lowest heat losses. This is explained by, on the one hand, the very high efficiency of the traction chains of such vehicles, which can reach up to 95%, and, on the other hand, the thermal insulation of the passenger compartment which makes it possible to reduce the heating or cooling needs.

Les pertes thermiques pour ces types de véhicules ont notamment pour source la puissance thermique générée par le pack batterie du véhicule, ce qui correspond généralement à quelques kilowatts qu’il est nécessaire de dissiper pour empêcher une trop importante élévation en température du pack batterie. Une élévation non maitrisée de la température du pack batterie entraine une détérioration des performances voir même de l’intégrité du pack batterie, ce qui illustre la nécessité de dissiper cette puissance thermique.The thermal losses for these types of vehicles are mainly due to the thermal power generated by the battery pack of the vehicle, which generally corresponds to a few kilowatts that it is necessary to dissipate to prevent an excessive rise in temperature of the battery pack. An uncontrolled rise in the temperature of the battery pack leads to a deterioration in the performance or even the integrity of the battery pack, which illustrates the need to dissipate this thermal power.

Afin de permettre un échange de chaleur avec l’air ambiant, on connaît dans l'état de la technique l’utilisation d’un grille pilotée située en face avant du véhicule, couramment désignée par l’expression « Air Grille Shutters ». L’ouverture de cette grille permet la circulation d’air sous le capot du véhicule, créant ainsi un flux d’air pouvant absorber de la chaleur au moyen d’un échangeur de chaleur.In order to allow heat exchange with the ambient air, known in the state of the art is the use of a controlled grille located on the front face of the vehicle, commonly referred to by the expression “Air Grille Shutters”. The opening of this grille allows the circulation of air under the hood of the vehicle, thus creating an air flow that can absorb heat by means of a heat exchanger.

Ce dispositif permet une dissipation efficace de la chaleur du véhicule, mais il n’est pas entièrement satisfaisant. En effet, l’ouverture de la grille augmente considérablement les pertes aérodynamiques du véhicule, notamment à haute vitesse. Cette hausse engendre la nécessité d’augmenter la puissance consommée du véhicule, fournie par le pack batterie, pour faire avancer le véhicule, ce qu’il est préférable d’éviter.This device allows efficient dissipation of heat from the vehicle, but it is not entirely satisfactory. Indeed, the opening of the grille considerably increases the aerodynamic losses of the vehicle, especially at high speed. This increase leads to the need to increase the power consumed by the vehicle, supplied by the battery pack, to move the vehicle forward, which is best avoided.

Un objectif de l’invention est ainsi de proposer un échangeur de chaleur adapté aux véhicules électriques et hybrides et permettant un échange de chaleur avec l’air ambiant avec un impact aérodynamique sur le véhicule le plus faible possible.An objective of the invention is thus to provide a heat exchanger suitable for electric and hybrid vehicles and allowing heat exchange with the ambient air with the lowest possible aerodynamic impact on the vehicle.

A cet effet, on prévoit selon l’invention un échangeur de chaleur pour un véhicule électrique ou hybride, caractérisé en ce qu’il comporte une plaque configurée pour être disposée sous le véhicule à l’aplomb d’un pack batterie, ladite plaque comportant au moins un canal de circulation d’un fluide caloporteur destiné à être relié à un circuit de gestion thermique.To this end, provision is made according to the invention for a heat exchanger for an electric or hybrid vehicle, characterized in that it comprises a plate configured to be arranged under the vehicle directly above a battery pack, said plate comprising at least one heat transfer fluid circulation channel intended to be connected to a thermal management circuit.

Ainsi, l’échange de chaleur se fait entre le fluide caloporteur et l’air ambiant par l’intermédiaire de l’échangeur de chaleur sous forme de plaque, qui présente un fonctionnement intégralement passif. On comprend que l’échangeur, par sa forme, présente un bien moindre impact sur l’aérodynamique du véhicule que la grille pilotée de l’art antérieur.Thus, the heat exchange takes place between the heat transfer fluid and the ambient air via the heat exchanger in the form of a plate, which has an entirely passive operation. It is understood that the exchanger, by its shape, has a much lesser impact on the aerodynamics of the vehicle than the controlled grid of the prior art.

Avantageusement, la plaque a une forme globale plane.Advantageously, the plate has an overall flat shape.

Cette forme plane permet à l’air ambiant de glisser le long de l’échangeur, de sorte que ce dernier a un impact minimal sur l’aérodynamique du véhicule.This flat shape allows the ambient air to slide along the exchanger, so that the latter has a minimal impact on the aerodynamics of the vehicle.

Avantageusement, la plaque est réalisée en aluminium ou en alliage d’aluminium.Advantageously, the plate is made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.

La plaque est ainsi légère, ce qui permet de ne pas alourdir considérablement le véhicule, tout un présentant une conductivité thermique satisfaisante.The plate is thus light, which makes it possible not to considerably weigh down the vehicle, while having satisfactory thermal conductivity.

De préférence, une première face de la plaque est orientée à l’opposé du pack batterie et comporte des ailettes faisant saillie de ladite première face de la plaque.Preferably, a first face of the plate is oriented away from the battery pack and comprises fins protruding from said first face of the plate.

Les ailettes permettent d’augmenter la surface de contact entre l’échangeur et l’air ambiant, ce qui permet d’améliorer les échanges de chaleur.The fins make it possible to increase the contact surface between the exchanger and the ambient air, which improves heat exchange.

De préférence, les ailettes sont disposées parallèlement les unes aux autres.Preferably, the fins are arranged parallel to each other.

Les ailettes forment ainsi des couloirs d’air, ce qui permet de réduire l’impact aérodynamique de l’échangeur sur le véhicule.The fins thus form air corridors, which reduces the aerodynamic impact of the exchanger on the vehicle.

Avantageusement, l’échangeur de chaleur comporte une couche d’isolation thermique disposée sur une deuxième face opposée à la première face et faisant face au pack batterie.Advantageously, the heat exchanger comprises a thermal insulation layer arranged on a second face opposite the first face and facing the battery pack.

L’échangeur est ainsi isolé thermiquement du pack batterie, ce qui permet d’éviter tout échange de chaleur non souhaité entre le pack batterie et l’air ambiant. En effet, le pack batterie présente une gamme de température dans laquelle il fonctionne avec un meilleur rendement. Dès lors, la couche d’isolation de l’échangeur permet d’éviter toute sortie intempestive de cette gamme de température.The heat exchanger is thus thermally isolated from the battery pack, which prevents any unwanted heat exchange between the battery pack and the ambient air. Indeed, the battery pack has a temperature range in which it operates with better efficiency. Therefore, the insulation layer of the exchanger prevents any untimely exit from this temperature range.

Selon un premier mode de réalisation de l’invention, la couche d’isolation thermique est réalisée en un matériau composite pré-imprégné et pré-consolidé à matrice thermoplastique/organique, aussi appelé « organosheet ».According to a first embodiment of the invention, the thermal insulation layer is made of a pre-impregnated and pre-consolidated composite material with a thermoplastic/organic matrix, also called “organosheet”.

La matrice thermoplastique est de préférence choisi parmi le PP, PA6, PC.The thermoplastic matrix is preferably chosen from PP, PA6, PC.

Le renfort est généralement à fibres continues, tissées ou non tissées (unidirectionnelles ou aléatoirement réparties). On peut aussi envisager des fibres longues (> 30-40 mm) aléatoirement réparties.The reinforcement is generally continuous fibers, woven or non-woven (unidirectional or randomly distributed). One can also consider long fibers (> 30-40 mm) randomly distributed.

La nature des fibres peut également varier. De préférence, sont utilisées de la fibre de verre, pour son compromis performances/prix, mais il est également possible d’envisager des fibres de carbone ou même naturelles, par exemple des fibres de lin.The nature of the fibers can also vary. Preferably, fiberglass is used, for its performance/price compromise, but it is also possible to consider carbon or even natural fibers, for example linen fibers.

De préférence, la conductivité thermique d'un tel « organosheet » réalisé en PP ou PA6, et renforcés de fibres de verre se situe aux alentours de 0,45 et 0,7 W/mK..Preferably, the thermal conductivity of such an "organosheet" made of PP or PA6, and reinforced with glass fibers is around 0.45 and 0.7 W/mK.

Ce matériau permet d’isoler efficacement le pack batterie de l’air ambiant et rend la couche d’isolation thermique simple à réaliser.This material makes it possible to effectively isolate the battery pack from the ambient air and makes the thermal insulation layer simple to produce.

Selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l’invention, la couche d’isolation thermique comprend en outre une couche d’entretoises destinées à former une lame d’air isolante entre la deuxième face de l’échangeur de chaleur et le pack batterie.According to a second embodiment of the invention, the thermal insulation layer further comprises a layer of spacers intended to form an insulating air gap between the second face of the heat exchanger and the battery pack.

On permet ainsi une meilleure isolation thermique du pack batterie.This allows better thermal insulation of the battery pack.

On prévoit également selon l’invention un pack batterie pour véhicule automobile, comprenant un boîtier présentant en surface inférieure un échangeur de chaleur tel que défini dans ce qui précède.There is also provided according to the invention a battery pack for a motor vehicle, comprising a casing having on the lower surface a heat exchanger as defined in the foregoing.

Avantageusement, la surface inférieure du boîtier comporte un échangeur de chaleur supplémentaire destiné à échanger de l’énergie calorifique entre un circuit de gestion thermique et des modules de batteries.Advantageously, the lower surface of the casing comprises an additional heat exchanger intended to exchange heat energy between a thermal management circuit and battery modules.

L’échangeur thermique permet ainsi un échange de chaleur entre l’air ambiant et deux circuits de gestion thermique du véhicule, ce qui rend l’échangeur particulièrement compact. Cela permet d’éviter d’avoir à installer deux échangeurs distincts dédiés à chacun des circuits de gestion thermique.The heat exchanger thus enables an exchange of heat between the ambient air and two thermal management circuits of the vehicle, which makes the exchanger particularly compact. This avoids having to install two separate exchangers dedicated to each of the thermal management circuits.

On prévoit aussi selon l’invention un véhicule automobile électrique ou hybride comportant un échangeur de chaleur tel que défini dans ce qui précède ou un pack batterie tel que défini dans ce qui précède, dans lequel les ailettes sont disposées de sorte à être orientées dans le même axe que le sens de déplacement dudit véhicule.There is also provided according to the invention an electric or hybrid motor vehicle comprising a heat exchanger as defined in the foregoing or a battery pack as defined in the foregoing, in which the fins are arranged so as to be oriented in the same axis as the direction of movement of said vehicle.

Brève description des figuresBrief description of figures

L'invention va être exposée plus en détails dans la description qui va suivre donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple et faite en se référant aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :The invention will be explained in more detail in the following description given solely by way of example and made with reference to the appended drawings in which:

la est une vue générale d’un véhicule automobile selon l’invention, there is a general view of a motor vehicle according to the invention,

la est une vue schématique d’un pack batterie, selon l’invention, du véhicule de la équipé d’un échangeur de chaleur selon un premier mode de réalisation de l’invention, there is a schematic view of a battery pack, according to the invention, of the vehicle of the equipped with a heat exchanger according to a first embodiment of the invention,

la est une vue schématique du pack batterie de la équipé d’un échangeur de chaleur selon une variante de réalisation du premier de mode de réalisation de l’invention, et there is a schematic view of the battery pack of the equipped with a heat exchanger according to an alternative embodiment of the first embodiment of the invention, and

la est une vue schématique d’un pack batterie, selon l’invention, du véhicule de la équipé d’un échangeur de chaleur selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l’invention. there is a schematic view of a battery pack, according to the invention, of the vehicle of the equipped with a heat exchanger according to a second embodiment of the invention.

Claims (11)

Echangeur de chaleur (8 ; 8’ ; 8’’) pour un véhicule électrique ou hybride, caractérisé en ce qu’il comporte une plaque (10) configurée pour être disposée sous le véhicule à l’aplomb d’un pack batterie (4 ; 4’ ; 4’’), ladite plaque (10) comportant au moins un canal de circulation d’un fluide caloporteur destiné à être relié à un circuit de gestion thermique.Heat exchanger (8; 8'; 8'') for an electric or hybrid vehicle, characterized in that it comprises a plate (10) configured to be placed under the vehicle directly above a battery pack (4 4'; 4''), said plate (10) comprising at least one heat transfer fluid circulation channel intended to be connected to a thermal management circuit. Echangeur de chaleur (8 ; 8’ ; 8’’) selon la revendication précédente, dans lequel la plaque (10) a une forme globale plane.Heat exchanger (8; 8'; 8'') according to the preceding claim, in which the plate (10) has an overall flat shape. Echangeur de chaleur (8 ; 8’ ; 8’’) selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la plaque (10) est réalisée en aluminium ou en alliage d’aluminium.Heat exchanger (8; 8'; 8'') according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the plate (10) is made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy. Echangeur de chaleur (8’ ; 8’’) selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel une première face de la plaque (10) est orientée à l’opposé du pack batterie (4 ; 4’ ; 4’’) et comporte des ailettes (28) faisant saillie de ladite première face de la plaque (10).Heat exchanger (8'; 8'') according to any one of the preceding claims, in which a first face of the plate (10) faces away from the battery pack (4; 4'; 4'') and has fins (28) projecting from said first face of the plate (10). Echangeur de chaleur (8’ ; 8’’) selon la revendication précédente, dans lequel les ailettes (28) sont disposées parallèlement les unes aux autres.Heat exchanger (8'; 8'') according to the preceding claim, in which the fins (28) are arranged parallel to each other. Echangeur de chaleur (8 ; 8’ ; 8’’) selon l’une des revendications précédentes, comportant une couche d’isolation thermique (26) disposée sur une deuxième face opposée à la première face et faisant face au pack batterie (4 ; 4’ ; 4’’).Heat exchanger (8; 8'; 8'') according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a thermal insulation layer (26) arranged on a second face opposite the first face and facing the battery pack (4; 4'; 4''). Echangeur de chaleur (8 ; 8’ ; 8’’) selon la revendication 6, dans lequel la couche d’isolation thermique (12) est réalisée par une couche thermoplastique isolante réalisée en un matériau composite pré-imprégné et pré-consolidé à matrice thermoplastique/organique, notamment en PP, PA6 ou PC.Heat exchanger (8; 8'; 8'') according to Claim 6, in which the thermal insulation layer (12) is produced by an insulating thermoplastic layer produced from a composite material pre-impregnated and pre-consolidated with a matrix thermoplastic/organic, especially in PP, PA6 or PC. Echangeur de chaleur (8’’) selon la revendication 6, dans lequel la couche d’isolation thermique (12) comprend en outre une couche d’entretoises (30) destinées à former une lame d’air isolante (32) entre la deuxième face de l’échangeur de chaleur (8’’) et le pack batterie (4’’).Heat exchanger (8'') according to Claim 6, in which the thermal insulation layer (12) further comprises a layer of spacers (30) intended to form an insulating air gap (32) between the second face of the heat exchanger (8'') and the battery pack (4''). Pack batterie (4 ; 4’ ; 4’’) pour véhicule automobile, caractérisé en ce qu’il comprend un boîtier (6) présentant en surface inférieure un échangeur de chaleur (8 ; 8’ ; 8’’) selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes.Battery pack (4; 4'; 4'') for a motor vehicle, characterized in that it comprises a casing (6) having on the lower surface a heat exchanger (8; 8'; 8'') according to one any of the preceding claims. Pack batterie (4’’) selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que la surface inférieure du boîtier (6) comporte un échangeur de chaleur supplémentaire destiné à échanger de l’énergie calorifique entre un circuit de gestion thermique et des modules de batteries.Battery pack (4'') according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the lower surface of the casing (6) comprises an additional heat exchanger intended to exchange calorific energy between a thermal management circuit and battery modules. Véhicule automobile électrique ou hybride (2) comportant un échangeur de chaleur (8’ ; 8’’) selon la revendication 6 ou un pack batterie (4’ ; 4’’) selon l’une des revendications 9 ou 10 en combinaison avec la revendication 5, dans lequel les ailettes (28) sont disposées de sorte à être orientées dans le même axe que le sens de déplacement dudit véhicule (2).Electric or hybrid motor vehicle (2) comprising a heat exchanger (8'; 8'') according to Claim 6 or a battery pack (4'; 4'') according to one of Claims 9 or 10 in combination with the claim 5, wherein the vanes (28) are arranged so as to be oriented in the same axis as the direction of movement of said vehicle (2).
FR2112658A 2021-11-29 2021-11-29 HEAT EXCHANGER FOR ELECTRIC OR HYBRID VEHICLE Active FR3129717B1 (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008099602A1 (en) * 2007-02-16 2008-08-21 Panasonic Corporation Electric storage unit
DE102008062420A1 (en) * 2008-12-12 2010-06-17 Alcan Technology & Management Ag Cooler, particularly underbody cooler for motor vehicle, has base plate and cover plate, where pattern is molded in upper surface of base plate
US20210138886A1 (en) * 2017-05-05 2021-05-13 Mubea Carbo Tech Gmbh Support structure
US11038233B2 (en) * 2018-06-07 2021-06-15 Hyundai Motor Company Battery cooling device for vehicle

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008099602A1 (en) * 2007-02-16 2008-08-21 Panasonic Corporation Electric storage unit
DE102008062420A1 (en) * 2008-12-12 2010-06-17 Alcan Technology & Management Ag Cooler, particularly underbody cooler for motor vehicle, has base plate and cover plate, where pattern is molded in upper surface of base plate
US20210138886A1 (en) * 2017-05-05 2021-05-13 Mubea Carbo Tech Gmbh Support structure
US11038233B2 (en) * 2018-06-07 2021-06-15 Hyundai Motor Company Battery cooling device for vehicle

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