FR3127149A3 - Structural panel consisting mainly of household waste - Google Patents

Structural panel consisting mainly of household waste Download PDF

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Publication number
FR3127149A3
FR3127149A3 FR2209297A FR2209297A FR3127149A3 FR 3127149 A3 FR3127149 A3 FR 3127149A3 FR 2209297 A FR2209297 A FR 2209297A FR 2209297 A FR2209297 A FR 2209297A FR 3127149 A3 FR3127149 A3 FR 3127149A3
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France
Prior art keywords
weight
structural panel
panel according
household waste
base layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
FR2209297A
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French (fr)
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FR3127149B3 (en
Inventor
Zdeněk Suchomel
František Hořava
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Smart Technik AS
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Smart Technik AS
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/0026Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics by agglomeration or compacting
    • B29B17/0036Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics by agglomeration or compacting of large particles, e.g. beads, granules, pellets, flakes, slices
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/0026Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics by agglomeration or compacting
    • B29B17/0042Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics by agglomeration or compacting for shaping parts, e.g. multilayered parts with at least one layer containing regenerated plastic
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/04Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B19/00Layered products comprising a layer of natural mineral fibres or particles, e.g. asbestos, mica
    • B32B19/04Layered products comprising a layer of natural mineral fibres or particles, e.g. asbestos, mica next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B19/045Layered products comprising a layer of natural mineral fibres or particles, e.g. asbestos, mica next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/08Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/10Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of paper or cardboard
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/02Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions
    • B32B3/04Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions characterised by at least one layer folded at the edge, e.g. over another layer ; characterised by at least one layer enveloping or enclosing a material
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    • B32B3/00Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/02Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions
    • B32B3/08Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions characterised by added members at particular parts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • B32B5/00Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/16Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer formed of particles, e.g. chips, powder or granules
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E04C2/16Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E04C2/24Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products laminated and composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/12, E04C2/16, E04C2/20
    • E04C2/246Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products laminated and composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/12, E04C2/16, E04C2/20 combinations of materials fully covered by E04C2/16 and E04C2/20
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E04C2/28Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups combinations of materials fully covered by groups E04C2/04 and E04C2/08
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/40Symmetrical or sandwich layers, e.g. ABA, ABCBA, ABCCBA
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/06Vegetal fibres
    • B32B2262/062Cellulose fibres, e.g. cotton
    • B32B2262/067Wood fibres
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2264/00Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2264/02Synthetic macromolecular particles
    • B32B2264/0214Particles made of materials belonging to B32B27/00
    • B32B2264/0228Vinyl resin particles, e.g. polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol polymers or ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2264/00Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2264/02Synthetic macromolecular particles
    • B32B2264/0214Particles made of materials belonging to B32B27/00
    • B32B2264/0257Polyolefin particles, e.g. polyethylene or polypropylene homopolymers or ethylene-propylene copolymers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2264/00Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2264/02Synthetic macromolecular particles
    • B32B2264/0214Particles made of materials belonging to B32B27/00
    • B32B2264/0264Polyamide particles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2264/00Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2264/02Synthetic macromolecular particles
    • B32B2264/0214Particles made of materials belonging to B32B27/00
    • B32B2264/0278Polyester particles
    • B32B2264/0285PET or PBT
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2264/00Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2264/06Vegetal particles
    • B32B2264/062Cellulose particles, e.g. cotton
    • B32B2264/067Wood particles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2264/00Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2264/12Mixture of at least two particles made of different materials
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70Other properties
    • B32B2307/714Inert, i.e. inert to chemical degradation, corrosion
    • B32B2307/7145Rot proof, resistant to bacteria, mildew, mould, fungi
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    • B32B2307/72Density
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • B32B2307/00Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70Other properties
    • B32B2307/724Permeability to gases, adsorption
    • B32B2307/7242Non-permeable
    • B32B2307/7246Water vapor barrier
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70Other properties
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    • B32B2307/7265Non-permeable
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B2307/00Properties of the layers or laminate
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2607/00Walls, panels
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Cleaning Implements For Floors, Carpets, Furniture, Walls, And The Like (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)

Abstract

Panneau structurel comprenant une couche (1) de base et deux couches (2) de revêtement, la couche (1) de base contenant des débris compressés d’ordures ménagères, désintégrées, homogénéisées et compressées comprenant5 à 65 % en poids de pâte à papier chimique, 20 à 75 % en poids de polyéthylène à faible densité et/ou de polyéthylène à haute densité, 0,05 à 15 % en poids de polyéthylène téréphtalate,0,05 à 5 % en poids de polyamide,0,05 à 5 % en poids de polyacétal,0,05 à 5 % en poids de polypropylène,0,05 à 40 % en poids de matériau en fibre de boiset jusqu’à 5 % en poids de particules de poussière d’ordures ménagères. Figure de l’abrégé : [Fig. 1]Structural panel comprising a base layer (1) and two covering layers (2), the base layer (1) containing compressed debris of disintegrated, homogenized and compressed household waste comprising 5 to 65% by weight of pulp chemical, 20 to 75% by weight of low density polyethylene and/or high density polyethylene, 0.05 to 15% by weight of polyethylene terephthalate,0.05 to 5% by weight of polyamide,0.05 to 5 % by weight of polyacetal, 0.05 to 5% by weight of polypropylene, 0.05 to 40% by weight of wood fiber material and up to 5% by weight of household waste dust particles. Figure of the abstract: [Fig. 1]

Description

Panneau structurel constitué principalement d’ordures ménagèresStructural panel consisting mainly of household waste

Domaine de la techniqueTechnical area

La solution technique est un panneau structurel adapté à des fins de construction. Il est constitué principalement d’ordures ménagères.The technical solution is a structural panel suitable for construction purposes. It consists mainly of household waste.

État de la techniqueState of the art

Les panneaux structurels de construction connus sont fabriqués en matériau à base de de bois qui est assemblé au moyen de colle. Leur inconvénient est leur tendance à l’absorption et au gonflement qui entraînent une perte de solidité.Known structural building panels are made of wood-based material which is glued together. Their disadvantage is their tendency to absorb and swell which leads to loss of strength.

Il est également connu de fabriquer des panneaux de revêtement en plâtre et en utilisant des mélanges de copeaux de ciments. Ces panneaux de construction sont utilisés comme panneaux de revêtement et sont destinés à un usage spécial en raison de leur faible solidité et de leur pouvoir absorbant élevé.It is also known to manufacture cladding panels out of plaster and using mixtures of cement chips. These building boards are used as cladding boards and are intended for special use due to their low strength and high absorbency.

Également connus sont les panneaux structurels fabriqués à partir de déchets spécifiques postindustriels et post-consommation qui sont des emballages en papier laminé muni sur au moins une face d’une feuille plastique du type TETRAPAK®. Cependant, ces déchets ne représentent qu’un faible pourcentage du volume total de déchets et il s’agit de déchets triés de manière laborieuse et coûteuse ce qui rend la fabrication plus chère.Also known are the structural panels made from specific post-industrial and post-consumer waste which are laminated paper packaging provided on at least one side with a plastic sheet of the TETRAPAK ® type. However, this waste represents only a small percentage of the total volume of waste and it is laborious and expensive sorted waste which makes manufacturing more expensive.

Les solutions de l’état de la technique sont assez complexes et donc moins économiques.State-of-the-art solutions are quite complex and therefore less economical.

Principe de la solution techniquePrinciple of the technical solution

Lesdits inconvénients sont largement éliminés par un panneau structurel constitué principalement d’ordures ménagères selon la présente solution technique dont le principe consiste en ce qu’il comprend une couche de base et au moins deux couches de revêtement.Said drawbacks are largely eliminated by a structural panel consisting mainly of household waste according to the present technical solution, the principle of which consists in that it comprises a base layer and at least two coating layers.

La couche de base contient des débris compressés d’ordures ménagères désintégrés, homogénéisés et compressés qui sont d’abord broyés, mélangés et tamisés à travers un tamis avec des ouvertures de diamètre de 10 à 50 mm. Pour réaliser le panneau structurel, les ordures ménagères qui sont utilisées ne contiennent pas, si possible, de cendres, pierres, terre et composants similaires susceptibles de compliquer la fabrication. Cependant, une faible quantité de ces additifs ne pose pas de problème. Par conséquent, même les ordures ménagères non triées peuvent être utilisés, ce qui est économiquement avantageux.The base layer contains compressed disintegrated, homogenized and compressed household waste debris which is first crushed, mixed and sieved through a sieve with openings in diameter of 10-50 mm. To make the structural panel, the household waste that is used does not contain, if possible, ashes, stones, earth and similar components that could complicate the manufacture. However, a small amount of these additives is not a problem. Therefore, even unsorted household waste can be used, which is economically advantageous.

Les ordures ménagères utilisées contiennent des pourcentages en poids de composition suivante :
pâte à papier chimique 5 à 65 %
PE-LD — polyéthylène à faible densité
et/ou PE-HD — polyéthylène à haute densité 20 à 75 %
PET — polyéthylène téréphtalate 0,05 à 15 %
PA — polyamide 0,05 à 5 %
POM — polyacétal 0,05 à 5 %
PP — polypropylène 0,05 à 5 %
matériau en fibre de bois 0,05 à 40 %
particules de poussière d’ordures ménagères 0 à 5 %
The household waste used contains percentages by weight of the following composition:
chemical pulp 5 to 65%
PE-LD — low density polyethylene
and/or PE-HD — high density polyethylene 20 to 75%
PET — polyethylene terephthalate 0.05 to 15%
PA — polyamide 0.05 to 5%
POM — polyacetal 0.05 to 5%
PP — polypropylene 0.05 to 5%
wood fiber material 0.05 to 40%
household waste dust particles 0-5%

La couche de base peut être fabriquée à partir d’ordures ménagères par compression à chaud et est munie d’une couche de revêtement de chaque côté lors de la compression. Au moins une des couches de revêtement peut être munie de papier à l’extérieur. La couche de revêtement complète la compacité ainsi que l’aspect et la surface lisse du panneau structurel. La couche de base peut être protégée contre l’humidité et la moisissure d’un côté ou des deux côtés par une imprégnation hydrofuge et/ou antibactérienne.The base layer can be made from household waste by hot compression and has a coating layer on each side during compression. At least one of the coating layers can be provided with paper on the outside. The coating layer complements the compactness as well as the look and smooth surface of the structural panel. The base layer can be protected against moisture and mold on one side or on both sides by a water-repellent and/or antibacterial impregnation.

La couche de revêtement peut être constituée d’une feuille à base de polyéthylène PE-HD ou de polyéthylène PE-LD.The coating layer can be made of a sheet based on polyethylene PE-HD or polyethylene PE-LD.

Le principe de la solution peut consister également en ce que la couche de base du panneau structurel contienne une charge antibactérienne.The principle of the solution can also consist of the base layer of the structural panel containing an antibacterial filler.

L’épaisseur du panneau structurel peut être de 6 à 25 mm.The thickness of the structural panel can be from 6 to 25 mm.

Le panneau structurel peut être de format rectangulaire d’une longueur de 500 à 5000 mm et d’une largeur de 500 à 3000 mm.The structural panel can be of rectangular format with a length of 500 to 5000 mm and a width of 500 to 3000 mm.

Les bords du panneau structurel peuvent être munis d’une couche de protection contre l’humidité et/ou contre la moisissure formée par imprégnation hydrofuge et/ou antibactérienne.The edges of the structural panel can be provided with a protective layer against humidity and/or against mold formed by water-repellent and/or antibacterial impregnation.

En outre, ses bords peuvent être munis d’un ruban de protection.In addition, its edges can be provided with a protective tape.

Sur l’un ou les deux côtés, le panneau structurel peut être muni de dépressions continues et/ou de dépressions en forme de carreaux ayant une profondeur inférieure ou égale à 5 mm.On one or both sides, the structural panel can be provided with continuous depressions and/or tile-shaped depressions with a depth less than or equal to 5 mm.

Le poids spécifique du panneau structurel peut être compris entre 750 et 1150 kg/m3.The specific weight of the structural panel can be between 750 and 1150 kg/m 3 .

Explication des dessinsExplanation of drawings

La solution technique sera expliquée plus en détail en référence aux dessins sur lesquels le panneau structurel illustré est formé d’ordures ménagères selon cette solution technique.The technical solution will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings in which the illustrated structural panel is formed from household waste according to this technical solution.

représente un panneau structurel vu en coupe. La couche de base constituée d’ordures ménagères est visible ainsi que la couche supérieure et inférieure de revêtement. La couche supérieure de revêtement est de plus recouverte d’une couche de papier. represents a structural panel seen in section. The base layer made of household waste is visible as well as the top and bottom layer of coating. The upper coating layer is additionally covered with a layer of paper.

représente une vue en plan du panneau structurel, dans une première forme de réalisation. Les dépressions continues dont il est muni sont représentées ainsi que les rubans de protection dont tous ses bords sont munis. shows a plan view of the structural panel, in a first embodiment. The continuous depressions with which it is provided are represented as well as the protective strips with which all its edges are provided.

représente une vue en plan du panneau structurel, dans une deuxième forme de réalisation. Les dépressions en formes de carreaux dont il est muni sont représentées. shows a plan view of the structural panel, in a second embodiment. The tile-shaped depressions with which it is equipped are represented.

Exemples de réalisation de la solution techniqueExamples of realization of the technical solution

L’intention est de réaliser des panneaux structurels simples à fabriquer et bon marché. L’intention est également d’éliminer les ordures ménagères à moindre coût. Pour cela, il a été décidé de fabriquer les panneaux structurels constitués principalement d’ordures ménagères selon cette solution technique.The intention is to make structural panels that are simple to manufacture and inexpensive. The intention is also to dispose of household waste at a lower cost. For this, it was decided to manufacture the structural panels consisting mainly of household waste according to this technical solution.

Pour fabriquer la couche 1 de base du panneau structurel, des ordures ménagères sont utilisés avec la composition suivante en pourcentage de poids :
pâte à papier chimique 41%
PE-LD — polyéthylène à faible densité 12 %
PE-HD — polyéthylène à haute densité 19 %
PET — polyéthylène téréphtalate 4 %
PA — polyamide 3 %
POM — polyacétal 4 %
PP — polypropylène 1 %
matériau en fibre de bois 13 %
particules de poussière d’ordures ménagères 3 %
To manufacture the base layer 1 of the structural panel, household waste is used with the following composition in percentage by weight:
chemical paper pulp 41%
PE-LD — 12% low density polyethylene
PE-HD — 19% high density polyethylene
PET — polyethylene terephthalate 4%
PA — polyamide 3%
POM — 4% polyacetal
PP — 1% polypropylene
wood fiber material 13%
household waste dust particles 3%

De plus, pour la réalisation des couches 2 de revêtement qui sont sur la couche 1 de base, le panneau structurel est muni de chaque côté d’une feuille de polyéthylène PE-HD d’une épaisseur de 1 mm formant les couches 2 de revêtement.In addition, for the realization of the 2 layers of coating which are on the base layer 1, the structural panel is provided on each side with a polyethylene sheet PE-HD with a thickness of 1 mm forming the 2 layers of coating .

Les ordures ménagères sont broyées et tamisées à travers un tamis avec des ouvertures de diamètre de 40 mm. Elles sont ensuite mélangées et une charge antibactérienne est ajoutée. Ensuite, elles sont étalées uniformément sur les feuilles de PE-HD de sorte que l’épaisseur de la couche de ordures ménagères soit de 20 à 24 mm. Ensuite, les ordures ménagères ainsi étalées sont recouvertes d’une deuxième couche 2 de revêtement, également d’une feuille de PE-HD compressée avec une pression de 0,5 N/mm2à une température de 200 °C. Le moule de compression est muni de saillies des deux côtés de sorte que les dépressions 5 en forme de carreaux sont créées sur le produit par compression. Les dépressions 5 rendent le produit plus solide. Après compression, les deux couches 2 de revêtement en feuille de PE-HD sont munies de papier 3 qui est collé dessus. Le produit ainsi réalisé est d’une épaisseur de 15 mm et est découpé au format choisi, à savoir 400 mm x 300 mm. Les bords du produit sont protégés contre l’humidité et la moisissure par une couche de protection d’un liquide approprié, par l’imprégnation hydrofuge et antibactérienne.Household waste is crushed and sieved through a sieve with 40 mm diameter openings. They are then mixed and an antibacterial filler is added. Then they are spread evenly on the PE-HD sheets so that the thickness of the garbage layer is 20-24 mm. Then, the household refuse thus spread out is covered with a second layer 2 of coating, also with a sheet of PE-HD compressed with a pressure of 0.5 N/mm 2 at a temperature of 200°C. The compression mold is provided with projections on both sides so that the tile-like depressions are created on the product by compression. The depressions 5 make the product more solid. After compression, the two layers 2 of PE-HD sheet covering are provided with paper 3 which is glued on them. The product thus produced is 15 mm thick and is cut to the chosen format, namely 400 mm x 300 mm. The edges of the product are protected against moisture and mold by a protective layer of a suitable liquid, by the water-repellent and antibacterial impregnation.

Ensuite, les bords du produit sont munis d’un ruban 4 de protection en feuille de PE-HD. Le panneau structurel ainsi réalisé a un poids spécifique de 950 kg/m3.Then the edges of the product are provided with a protective tape 4 made of PE-HD foil. The structural panel thus produced has a specific weight of 950 kg/m 3 .

Applicabilité industrielleIndustrial applicability

La solution technique peut être utilisée dans l’industrie de bâtiment en tant que matériau de construction. Elle est également utilisable dans la gestion des entrepôts et dans d’autres industries utilisant des panneaux structurels standards. Elle se distingue par une solidité suffisante, une résistance mécanique, elle correspond aux normes d’hygiène et elle est économiquement abordable. Par sa fabrication, nous éliminons en même temps les ordures ménagères indésirables.The technical solution can be used in the construction industry as a building material. It can also be used in warehouse management and other industries using standard structural panels. It is distinguished by sufficient strength, mechanical strength, it meets hygienic standards and is economically affordable. By manufacturing it, we eliminate unwanted household waste at the same time.

Liste des balisesList of tags


1 - couche de base
2 - couche de revêtement
3 - papier
4 - ruban de protection
5 - dépression

1 - base layer
2 - coating layer
3 - paper
4 - protective tape
5 - depression

Claims (10)

Panneau structurel constitué notamment d’ordures ménagères caractérisé en ce qu’il se comprend une couche (1) de base et deux couches (2) de revêtement, la couche (1) de base contenant des débris compressés d’ordures ménagères, désintégrées, homogénéisées et compressées comprenant
5 à 65 % en poids de pâte à papier chimique,
20 à 75 % en poids de polyéthylène à faible densité et/ou de polyéthylène à haute densité,
0,05 à 15 % en poids de polyéthylène téréphtalate,
0,05 à 5 % en poids de polyamide,
0,05 à 5 % en poids de polyacétal,
0,05 à 5 % en poids de polypropylène,
0,05 à 40 % en poids de matériau en fibre de bois
et jusqu’à 5 % en poids de particules de poussière d’ordures ménagères formées lors de la désintégration desdites ordures ménagères, les ordures ménagères étant tamisés à travers un tamis avec des ouvertures de diamètre de 10 à 50 mm, la couche (1) de base étant munie de chaque côté d’une couche (2) de revêtement et au moins l‘une des couches (2) de revêtement est munie de papier (3) à l’extérieur.
Structural panel consisting in particular of household waste, characterized in that it comprises a base layer (1) and two coating layers (2), the base layer (1) containing compressed debris of household waste, disintegrated, homogenized and compressed comprising
5 to 65% by weight of chemical pulp,
20 to 75% by weight of low density polyethylene and/or high density polyethylene,
0.05 to 15% by weight of polyethylene terephthalate,
0.05 to 5% by weight of polyamide,
0.05 to 5% by weight of polyacetal,
0.05 to 5% by weight of polypropylene,
0.05 to 40% by weight wood fiber material
and up to 5% by weight of refuse dust particles formed during the disintegration of said refuse, the refuse being sieved through a sieve with openings in diameter of 10 to 50 mm, the layer (1) base being provided on each side with a coating layer (2) and at least one of the coating layers (2) is provided with paper (3) on the outside.
Panneau structurel selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que la couche (2) de revêtement est en polyéthylène haute densité ou polyéthylène basse densité.Structural panel according to Claim 1, characterized in that the coating layer (2) is made of high density polyethylene or low density polyethylene. Panneau structurel selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2 caractérisé en ce que la couche (1) de base contient une charge antibactérienne.Structural panel according to Claim 1 or Claim 2, characterized in that the base layer (1) contains an antibacterial filler. Panneau structurel selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que la couche (1) de base est protégée contre l’humidité et la moisissure d’un côté ou des deux côtés par une imprégnation hydrofuge et/ou antibactérienne.Structural panel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base layer (1) is protected against moisture and mold on one side or on both sides by a water-repellent and/or antibacterial impregnation. Panneau structurel selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que son épaisseur est comprise entre 6 et 25 mm.Structural panel according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that its thickness is between 6 and 25 mm. Panneau structurel selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce qu’il est formaté en rectangle d’une longueur comprise entre 500 et 5000 mm et d’une largeur comprise entre 500 et 3000 mm.Structural panel according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is formatted in a rectangle with a length of between 500 and 5000 mm and a width of between 500 and 3000 mm. Panneau structurel selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que ses bords sont munis d’une couche de protection contre l’humidité et/ou la moisissure constitué d’une imprégnation hydrofuge et/ou antibactérienne.Structural panel according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that its edges are provided with a protective layer against humidity and/or mold consisting of a water-repellent and/or antibacterial impregnation. Panneau structurel selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que ses bords sont munis d’un ruban (4) de protection.Structural panel according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that its edges are provided with a protective tape (4). Panneau structurel selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce qu’il est muni, d‘un côté ou des deux côtés, de dépressions (5) continues et/ou de dépressions (5) en forme de carreaux ayant une profondeur inférieure ou égale à 5 mm.Structural panel according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is provided, on one or both sides, with continuous depressions (5) and/or tile-shaped depressions (5) having a lower depth or equal to 5 mm. Panneau structurel selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que son poids spécifique est compris entre 750 kg/m3et 1150 kg/m3.Structural panel according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that its specific weight is between 750 kg/m 3 and 1150 kg/m 3 .
FR2209297A 2021-09-23 2022-09-15 Structural panel made mainly of household waste Active FR3127149B3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CZ2021-39207 2021-09-23
CZ202139207U CZ35724U1 (en) 2021-09-23 2021-09-23 Construction board consisting mainly of municipal waste

Publications (2)

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FR3127149A3 true FR3127149A3 (en) 2023-03-24
FR3127149B3 FR3127149B3 (en) 2023-09-08

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CZ (1) CZ35724U1 (en)
DE (1) DE202022105064U1 (en)
ES (1) ES1295179Y (en)
FR (1) FR3127149B3 (en)
PL (1) PL130981U1 (en)
SK (1) SK9740Y1 (en)

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SK9740Y1 (en) 2023-04-12
ES1295179Y (en) 2023-01-11
PL130981U1 (en) 2023-03-27
CZ35724U1 (en) 2022-01-18
ES1295179U (en) 2022-10-20
SK500612022U1 (en) 2022-12-21
DE202022105064U1 (en) 2022-09-16
FR3127149B3 (en) 2023-09-08

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