FR3115866A1 - Device for thermal regulation, in particular for cooling, for a motor vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

Device for thermal regulation, in particular for cooling, for a motor vehicle The invention relates to a thermal regulation device (40), in particular for cooling, for an electrical component capable of releasing heat during its operation, in particular for an electrical energy storage module, this device comprising an upper plate and a lower plate assembled with the upper plate to together form a plurality of circulation channels (3) for a heat transfer fluid, in particular a refrigerant, in particular a fluid chosen from among the following refrigerants R134a, R1234yf or R744, device comprising a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet zone, these inlet and outlet zones being in particular located in a thermally inoperative region, the plurality of fluid circulation channels comprising at least two groups of pass channels each forming a pass of fluid in a thermally operative region, these channels in particular all having the same fluid passage section on the major part of their length, the plurality of channels further comprising at least one input channel (49) connecting the input area (41) and one of the pass channel groups and at least two output channels connecting one of the groups of channels passes to the fluid outlet zone (42), the pass channels of this group being subdivided into as many sub-groups (54, 55, 56) of channels as there are outlet channels ( 51, 52, 53), each subgroup of pass channels joining the output channel associated with it. Figure for abstract: Figure 5

Description

Device for thermal regulation, in particular for cooling, for a motor vehicle

The present invention relates to a device for thermal regulation, in particular cooling, in particular for an electrical component capable of releasing heat during its operation, in particular a device for cooling at least one motor vehicle battery or battery cells.

Vehicle batteries, in particular for electric vehicles or hybrid vehicles, should be kept as much as possible at the desired temperature, which is why so-called cooling devices for vehicle batteries are used. These cooling devices include cooling plates through which a cooling liquid circulates. The cooling plates are installed, as far as possible without space, on the outer side of the batteries for the purpose of dissipating heat or otherwise heating the battery. Cooling devices are known in which the cooling plate is composed of two plate parts which are normally fixed directly to one another. Here, the first plate part is preferably planar, and the second plate part is preferably a stamped or deformed sheet of metal which has meandering depressions. Said depressions are closed by the flat plate part which is fixed to the stamped plate part, so that coolant ducts are formed. Patent EP 2 828 922 B1 describes such a device.

The invention aims to improve this type of device.

The invention thus proposes a device for thermal regulation, in particular cooling, for an electrical component capable of releasing heat during its operation, in particular for an electrical energy storage module, this device comprising an upper plate and a lower plate assembled with the upper plate to together form a plurality of circulation channels for a heat transfer fluid, in particular a refrigerant fluid, in particular a fluid chosen from among the following refrigerants R134a, R1234yf or R744, device in which at least some of the channels open into at least at least one bend chamber through which the fluid can perform a bend, device in which at least one of the bend chamber and of the channels comprises a mechanical reinforcement element formed on a wall of this bend chamber or of the one of the channels, this reinforcing element being arranged to improve the mechanical strength of the chamber and/or of the channel l against potential deformations under the action of high pressure.

In this type of device, there are concentrations of stresses in the zones where the fluid must make bends, reversals or ramifications, for example non-linear, in particular in the zones of distribution, collection or reversal of the flow of the fluid. To avoid deformation in these areas, we use special shapes, preferably obtained by stamping, which are the reinforcing element(s) according to the invention.

According to one aspect of the invention, the reinforcing element extends over the entire height of the turning chamber and the channels.

According to one aspect of the invention, the turning chamber and the channels each have a length measured along a direction of flow of the fluid, and the reinforcing element extends over only part of the length respectively of the turning chamber. bend or channel, in particular less than half that length, or less than a quarter or a tenth of that length.

In other words, the reinforcement element is relatively small compared to the turning chamber or the channels as a whole.

According to one aspect of the invention, a plurality of reinforcing elements are provided along the turning chamber and/or one of the channels, this plurality of reinforcing elements being for example spaced apart from each other by regular way.

According to one aspect of the invention, these reinforcing elements formed on the bend chamber are all identical.

According to one aspect of the invention, the reinforcing element has a rounded profile when it is observed in a direction perpendicular to the plates, this rounded profile having a concavity directed towards the outside of the turning chamber or of the associated channel.

According to one aspect of the invention, the concavity has a radius of curvature, in particular of value less than 5 mm, in particular less than 2 mm.

According to one aspect of the invention, two neighboring channels are connected to the turning chamber at connecting sections so that an inter-channel space is present on the turning chamber between the two connecting sections and the reinforcement is located in this inter-channel space, in particular in the middle of this inter-channel space.

According to one aspect of the invention, the reinforcing elements are arranged, with a regular spacing between them, along a line along the bend chamber.

According to one aspect of the invention, the passage section of the fluid turning chamber is increased on either side of each reinforcement element.

According to one aspect of the invention, two neighboring fluid channels are connected to the turning chamber, and the reinforcing element which is formed on a side wall of the turning chamber, facing these two channels of fluid, is arranged so as to be able to place an imaginary inscribed circle adjacent to the two neighboring channels and to the facing reinforcing element, this inscribed circle having a diameter in particular less than 15 mm.

According to one aspect of the invention, the reinforcing element or elements are formed by stamping.

Preferably, the reinforcing element is placed in a junction zone of a channel with another channel or with a turning chamber, this reinforcing element being in particular opposite this channel.

In particular when a number N consecutive channels are connected to a turning chamber, there is provided a number M consecutive reinforcement elements, with M=N or M less than N.

According to one aspect of the invention, reinforcing elements are arranged along a straight line, in particular at equal distance from each other.

According to one aspect of the invention, the reinforcing elements make it possible to have larger fluid passage sections while ensuring good mechanical resistance to deformation. This increase in the passage section of the refrigerant fluid is accompanied by a reduction in the pressure drop caused. The gain in passage section can be around +40% compared to a classic design, without a reinforcement element.

The invention also allows an improvement in the shape coefficient.

According to one aspect of the invention, the turning chamber can be arranged to allow a reversal of the flow of fluid, or to allow collection of fluid at the inlet or at the fluid outlet. In the latter case, the bend chamber may be referred to as a fluid inlet or fluid outlet collection chamber.

A further subject of the invention, independently or in combination with the foregoing, is a device for thermal regulation, in particular cooling, for an electrical component capable of releasing heat during its operation, in particular for an energy storage module. electric, this device comprising an upper plate and a lower plate assembled with the upper plate to together form a plurality of circulation channels for a heat transfer fluid, in particular a refrigerant, in particular a fluid chosen from among the following refrigerants R134a, R1234yf or R744 , device comprising a fluid inlet zone and a fluid outlet zone, these inlet and outlet zones being in particular located in a thermally inoperative region, a zone which is not opposite the components to be cooled, the plurality of fluid circulation channels comprising at least two groups of pass channels each forming a pass of fluid in a thermally operative region, an area which is opposite the component(s) to be cooled, these channels in particular all having the same fluid passage section over the major part of their length, the plurality of channels comprising in addition to at least one inlet channel connecting the inlet zone and one of the groups of pass channels and at least one outlet channel connecting one of the groups of pass channels to the fluid outlet zone, the pass channels of this group being subdivided into as many channel sub-groups as there are output channels, each pass channel sub-group joining the output channel associated with it.

Thanks to the invention, the number of channels and their distribution into subgroups can vary according to requirements. It is important that the number of channels in the last pass be large enough to ensure good thermal homogeneity.

In addition, a high number of channels makes it possible to have a relatively small passage section, thus limiting pressure drops.

The invention also makes it possible to have standard channels and the thermal needs are satisfied by varying their number and their arrangement pattern.

In particular, the invention is based on the way the channels are distributed at the start of a pass, and the way the channels converge at the end of a pass.

The invention advantageously makes it possible to balance the fluid flow rates in the channels, and consequently to homogenize the temperature of the plate.

According to one aspect of the invention, the channels of a pass define a branching diagram at the start and at the end of the pass.

For example, two channels can be joined at a node to form a common channel, and the common channel joins another common channel from a junction node between two or more other channels.

According to one aspect of the invention, the number of channels in the subgroups are different.

According to one aspect of the invention, the pass group directly connected to the input channel is adjacent to one of the sub-groups of the pass group connected to the output channel(s), this sub-group having a number of channels which is the largest among the other subgroups of this group connected to the output channel(s).

According to one aspect of the invention, the channel group connected to the output channel(s) is subdivided into at least three subgroups, the number of channels in the outer subgroups is greater than the number of channels of the intermediate sub-group located between the two external sub-groups.

According to one aspect of the invention, the number of channels of the outer subgroups comprises one more than the number of channels of the intermediate subgroup, for example the number of channels of the outer subgroups is 5, and the number number of channels of the spacer subgroup is 4.

In another example, the number of channels of the outer subgroups is 4, and the number of channels of the intervening subgroup is 3.

According to one aspect of the invention, the numbers of channels in the outer sub-groups are different from each other, for example one of the outer sub-groups comprises 3 channels and the other outer sub-group comprises 5 channels.

For example, one of the outdoor subgroups has 5 channels and the other 4 channels.

According to one aspect of the invention, the group of channels connected to the input channel comprises more than 2 channels, in particular more than 4 channels, or even at least 6 channels.

According to one aspect of the invention, the number of output channels is two, and the number of subgroups associated with these output channels is also two.

According to one aspect of the invention, the channels in each group are parallel to each other over a major part of their length.

According to one aspect of the invention, these channels are substantially straight over most of their length.

According to one aspect of the invention, the number of input channels is smaller than the number of output channels, for example the number of input channels is one and the number of output channels is two or more.

According to one aspect of the invention, the groups of pass channels have numbers of channels which differ from one pass to another. In particular, this number increases, or remains stable, as the passes progress, in the direction of the fluid inlet towards the fluid outlet. In other words, the groups of pass channels have numbers of channels that differ from one pass to another, in particular this number of channels increases, pass after pass, as the flow progresses.

According to one aspect of the invention, in at least one of the passes, the channels of this pass are arranged in a branched organization with nodes where at least two channels of the pass connect either to distribute, in the case of a distribution node, the fluid coming from one channel into two or more channels, or for collecting, for a collecting node, the fluid coming from two or more channels towards a collecting channel, these nodes being arranged so as to allow load balancing.

According to one aspect of the invention, in the pass considered, the added number of distribution nodes and collection nodes is the same for all the channels of the pass.

According to one aspect of the invention, the pass has a branched organization with two distribution nodes and two collection nodes, and one of the channels leaves the collective channel first through the distribution node, leaving the other two channels to distribute further downstream via the dispatch node, downstream from the dispatch node, this channel joins the channel through the collection node, which is upstream of the other collection node, node which collects the channels already together with the channel.

When a channel is favored in the distribution zone, for example channel 81, it must then be penalized in the collection zone.

Thus the invention makes it possible to balance the pressure drops and therefore to homogenize the flow rates.

According to one aspect of the invention, for a predefined pass, in the flow distribution zone, the flow is divided into two channels after the distribution node. Then these two channels are themselves divided into two, at the level of the distribution nodes, respectively to supply other channels after one of these distribution nodes, and the channels after the node. In the collection area, the nodes are symmetrical to those in the distribution area. Thus, the channels converge into one channel through the collecting node, and the other channels converge into a second channel through the other collecting node. Then these two channels join at the node.

Another subject of the invention is a system comprising an electrical component capable of releasing heat during its operation, in particular for an electrical energy storage module, and a cooling device described above, arranged to cool the component , this component or battery being in thermal contact with the upper plate of the cooling device.

Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear more clearly on reading the following description, given by way of illustrative and non-limiting example, and the appended drawings, among which:

- there illustrates, schematically and partially, a device according to cooling;

- there illustrates, schematically and partially, the device of the according to a different view,

- there illustrates, schematically and partially, a device according to another example of the invention, with details on part of the plates;

- there illustrates, schematically and partially, a regulation device according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention,

- [Figure 5] illustrates, schematically and partially, the device of the with arrows showing fluid passes,

- there illustrates, schematically and partially, a regulation device according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention,

- there illustrates, schematically and partially, a regulation device according to another embodiment of the invention

there illustrates, schematically and partially, a regulation device according to another example of the invention,

there illustrates, schematically and partially, a regulating device according to another example of the invention.

We represented on the and on the a system 1 comprising a set of battery cells 2 to be cooled, for example rows in two or more rows, and a cooling device 10 arranged to cool the cells 2, which are in thermal contact with an upper plate of the cooling device 10 , as explained below.

The thermal regulation device 10 comprises an upper plate 11, a lower plate 12 assembled with the upper plate 11 to together form a plurality of circulation channels 13 for a heat transfer fluid, in particular a refrigerant, in particular a fluid chosen from among the refrigerants following R134a, R1234yf or R744. The channels 13 are grouped into groups 14 of channels, the channels of a group extending substantially parallel to each other with a predetermined spacing between neighboring channels called intra-group spacing 15. The channels 13 each have a cross section between 1 mm2 and 15 mm2, being for example locally about 11 mm2 in each channel. The channels 13 extend substantially over the entire length of the plates.

The plates are made of aluminum.

The cooling device comprises a turning chamber 20 arranged to conduct the fluid leaving one of the groups 14 of channels to one of the other groups of channels. The turning chamber 20 is formed by the upper 11 and lower 12 plates, for example made of aluminium. The lower plate 12 comprises a stamped zone 21 arranged to participate in the formation of the turning chamber 20. The stamped zone 21 is closed with the other of the plates 11 which is flat to form the turning chamber 20. The turning chamber 20 extends over one side 23 of the plates.

The cooling device comprises an inlet zone 30 for coolant from the channels, this inlet zone being formed between the two plates 11 and 12. This fluid inlet zone 30 is arranged to supply all the circulation channels 13 of fluid which open into the turning chamber 20, namely the channels in which the fluid flows towards the turning chamber. This input zone 30 is common to the groups 14 of channels. The cooling device comprises an outlet zone 31 for coolant from the channels, this outlet zone being formed between the two plates 11 and 12. This fluid outlet zone 31 is arranged to conduct the fluid exiting from all the channels 13 of fluid circulation originating from the toning chamber. This output zone 31 is common to the two groups of channels. The inlet 30 and 31 and outlet zones are adjacent to an inlet 32, respectively an outlet 33. The inlet 32 and outlet 33 orifices are connected to a connection block 6 of pipes.

The lower plate 2 comprises zones 37 of rounded cross-section, in particular stamped zones, to form the channels 13 with the upper plate. The inlet 30 and outlet 31 zones comprise stamped zones of the lower plate 12.

Preferably, the heat transfer fluid can be chosen from among the refrigerant fluids called R134a, R1234yf or R744.

The battery cells include, for example, a plurality of lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries for use in a hybrid vehicle. In another embodiment, the plurality of battery cells are Li-ion batteries for use in a battery electric vehicle. The turning chamber 20 and/or the entry zone 30 and/or the exit zone 31 comprise, where appropriate, reinforcement elements to reinforce the mechanical strength in these zones which are potentially of stronger section.

We represented on the a detail of a device according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, which incorporates most of the elements of the example described above.

A turning chamber and the channels connected to it will be further described here.

Channels 13 open into a bend chamber 20 through which the fluid can perform a bend.

The arrows 28 materialize the direction of fluid flow in the channels 13 and the turning chamber 20.

The turning chamber 20 comprises mechanical reinforcement elements 27 formed on a wall of this turning chamber 20, each reinforcing element 27 being arranged to improve the mechanical strength of the chamber against potential deformations under the action of pressure. high.

Each reinforcing element 27 extends over the entire height of the turning chamber 20.

The turning chamber 20 and the channels 13 each have a length measured in a direction of flow of the fluid, and each reinforcing element 27 extends over only part of the length of the turning chamber 20, here less than 1 /5 or 1/8 or 1/10 of the total length of the associated turning chamber 20.

The reinforcing elements 27 are provided along the turning chamber 20, this plurality of reinforcing elements being spaced apart from each other in a regular manner.

These reinforcing elements 27 formed on the turning chamber 20 are all identical, of the same shape and of the same dimensions.

Reinforcing elements of different sizes and/or dimensions could, as a variant, be provided.

Each reinforcing element 27 has a rounded profile when it is observed in a direction perpendicular to the plates, this rounded profile having a concavity 29 directed towards the outside of the associated bend chamber 20.

The concavity 29 has a radius of curvature, in particular of value less than 5 mm, in particular less than 2 mm. The radius of curvature is that of the dotted circle on the , with a value of 1.1 mm.

Two neighboring channels 13 are connected to the turning chamber 20 in connecting sections 18 so that an inter-channel space 19 is present on the turning chamber 20 between the two connecting sections 18 and the reinforcing element 27 is located in this inter-channel space, here in the middle of this inter-channel space.

The reinforcing elements 27 are arranged, with a regular spacing between them, along a line 36 running along the turning chamber 20.

The reinforcing elements 27 are formed by stamping on a corresponding plate.

The reinforcing elements 27 make it possible to have larger fluid passage sections while ensuring good mechanical resistance to deformation. This increase in the passage section of the refrigerant fluid is accompanied by a reduction in the pressure drop caused. The gain in passage section can be around +40% compared to a classic design, without a reinforcement element.

Two neighboring fluid channels are connected to the turning chamber, and the reinforcing element 27 which is formed on a side wall of the turning chamber, facing these two fluid channels, is arranged so to be able to place an imaginary circle 26 inscribed adjacent to the two neighboring channels and to the reinforcing element facing each other, this inscribed circle 26 having a diameter less than 15 mm.

It will be noted that the passage section 25 of the fluid turning chamber 20 is increased on either side of each reinforcing element 27.

The turning chamber 20 can be arranged to allow a reversal of the flow of fluid, or to allow collection of fluid at the inlet or at the fluid outlet. In the latter case, the bend chamber may be referred to as a fluid inlet or fluid outlet collection chamber.

Alternatively, one or more reinforcing elements 27 can be formed on at least one of the channels 13, in particular on a non-linear portion of this channel.

A thermal regulation device 40 according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention has been described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.

This thermal regulation device 40 comprises, like what is described above, an upper plate 11, a lower plate 12 assembled with the upper plate 11 to form together a plurality of circulation channels 13 for a heat transfer fluid, a fluid chosen from the following refrigerants R134a, R1234yf or R744.

This device 40 comprises a fluid inlet zone 41 and a fluid outlet zone 42.

These inlet 41 and outlet 42 zones are located in a thermally inoperative region 43 illustrated in [Figure 5], this region 43 not being opposite the component(s) to be cooled.

The plurality of fluid circulation channels 3 successively comprising four groups 44, 45, 46 and 47 of channels, called pass channels, each forming a fluid pass in a thermally operative region 48, region 48 which is opposite -vis the component(s) to be cooled.

The channels 3, whatever the pass considered, all have the same fluid passage section over the major part of their length.

Among the plurality of channels 3, there is an inlet channel 49 connecting the fluid inlet zone 41 to the group of channels forming the first pass 44.

Among the plurality of channels 3, there are also three exit channels connecting the group of channels of the last pass 47 to the fluid exit zone 42.

Channels 3 of pass 47 are subdivided into three subgroups 54, 55 and 56 of channels as output channels 51, 52 and 53.

Channels 3 of each subgroup 54, 55 and 56 join the output channel 51, 52 and 53 which is associated with it.

The number of channels in subgroups 54, 55 and 56 are different.

In the example described, the pass group 44 directly connected to the input channel 49 is adjacent to the sub-group 56 of the last pass 47.

This subgroup 56 of pass 47 has a number of channels, here this number of channels being equal to five, which is the largest among subgroups 54, 55 and 56 of this pass 47.

The number of channels in the outer subgroups 54 and 56 is greater than the number of channels in the intermediate subgroup 55 located between the two outer subgroups 54 and 56.

For example, the number of channels of outer subgroup 56 is five, and the number of channels of outer subgroup 54 is four.

The number of channels in the spacer subgroup 55 is three.

The numbers of channels in the outer subgroups are different 54 and 56, namely one being five and the other being four.

Group 44 of channels connected to input channel 49 has more than two channels, here two sub-groups 58 of three channels each.

The channels in each group or passes 44, 45, 46 and 47 are parallel to each other over a major part of their length.

These channels 3 are substantially straight over most of their length.

The number of channels increases as the passes 44, 45, 46 and 47 progress, in the direction of the fluid inlet towards the fluid outlet, with potentially a number of passes which remains constant over two or more passes.

Pass 44 has 2 sub-groups of 3 channels each.

Pass 45 has 3 subgroups of 3 channels each.

Pass 46 has 3 sub-groups of 3 channels each.

Pass 47 is already described above.

We have illustrated on the a detail of a thermal regulation device 60 according to another exemplary implementation of the invention.

As for the previous example, this device 60 comprises a fluid inlet zone 41 and a fluid outlet zone 42.

As can be seen, the first pass 61 is formed by a group of ten channels in total divided into two sub-groups.

The last pass 62 is formed by a group of eleven channels in total divided into three sub-groups.

Of course, the numbers of channels and subgroups can vary according to the cooling needs, while guaranteeing satisfactory thermal homogeneity.

The lower plate 12 is visible in this figure with the stamped areas which form the channels 3.

The inlet 63 and outlet 64 channels extend to fluid inlet and outlet ports 65. These fluid inlet and outlet orifices 65 are arranged to allow the thermal regulation device to be connected to a fluid circuit, which may for example comprise one or more heat exchangers and a compressor.

We represented on the a thermal regulation device 70 in accordance with another exemplary embodiment of the invention.

Like the previous examples, this device 70 comprises a fluid inlet zone 41 and an outlet zone 42.

The channels successively defining 4 passes 71, 72, 73 and 74.

The first pass 71 is connected to the fluid inlet, and the fourth and last pass 74 is connected to the fluid outlet zone.

Passes 71 and 74 are adjacent.

In the example described, the first pass 71 is composed of 8 channels in total.

The second pass 72 includes 10 channels in total.

The third pass 73 comprises 12 channels in total.

The last pass 74 includes 14 channels in total, arranged in three sub-groups 81, 82 and 83 of 5, 4 and 5 channels respectively.

The subgroup 83 which is adjacent to the first pass 71 has the greatest number of channels among the three subgroups.

For example, two channels can be joined at a node 86 to form a common channel 87, and the common channel joins another common channel from a junction node between two or more other channels.

For example, a ramification can correspond to the following case. In a flow splitting area, the flow is split into two channels after a node. Then these two channels are also divided into two to supply other channels.

As can be seen in the examples described above, the number of channels and their distribution into subgroups can vary according to requirements. It is important that the number of channels in the last pass be large enough to ensure good thermal homogeneity.

In addition, a high number of channels makes it possible to have a relatively small passage section, thus limiting pressure drops.

The invention also makes it possible to have standard channels and the thermal needs are satisfied by varying their number and their arrangement pattern.

We have illustrated on the , for at least one of the passes, the channels of this pass which are arranged in a ramified organization with nodes where at least two channels of the pass connect either to distribute, in the case of a distribution node, the fluid from one channel into two or more channels or to collect, for a collection node, fluid from two or more channels to a collection channel, these nodes being arranged to allow load balancing.

The summed number of dispatch nodes and collection nodes is the same for all channels in the pass.

Specifically in the example of , pass 80 has a branched organization with two dispatch nodes and two collection nodes, and channel 81 leaves the collective channel first through dispatch node 84, leaving the other two channels 82 and 83 to split further downstream via dispatch node 85, downstream of dispatch node 84, this channel 81 joins channel 82 through collection node 87, which is upstream of the other collection node 86, node 86 which collects channels 81 and 82 already together with channel 83.

In other words, channel 81 is served first for fluid distribution, before channels 82 and 82. When a channel is favored in the distribution zone, for example channel 81, it must then be penalized in the collection zone .

Thus the invention makes it possible to balance the pressure drops and therefore to homogenize the flow rates.

In another example shown in , for the pass 90, in the flow distribution zone, the flow is divided into two channels after the node 95. Then these two channels are themselves divided into two, at the level of the distribution nodes 96 and 97, respectively for feed channels 91 and 92 after dispatch node 96, and channels 93 and 94 after node 97. In the collection zone, the nodes are symmetrical to those in the dispatch zone. Thus, channels 91 and 92 converge into one channel through collection node 98, and channels 93 and 94 converge into a second channel through collection node 99. Then these two channels join at node 100.

Claims (16)

Thermal regulation device (40; 60; 70), in particular for cooling, for an electrical component capable of releasing heat during its operation, in particular for an electrical energy storage module, this device comprising an upper plate and an (11, 12) assembled with the upper plate to together form a plurality of circulation channels (3) for a heat transfer fluid, in particular a refrigerant, in particular a fluid chosen from among the following refrigerants R134a, R1234yf or R744, device comprising a fluid inlet zone and a fluid outlet zone, these inlet and outlet zones being in particular located in a thermally inoperative region, the plurality of fluid circulation channels comprising at least two groups of pass channels forming each a fluid pass in a thermally operative region, these channels in particular all having the same fluid passage section on the maje a portion of their length, the plurality of channels further comprising at least one input channel (49) connecting the input area (41) and one of the pass channel groups and an output channel connecting the one of the groups of passing channels to the fluid exit zone (42), the passing channels of this group being subdivided into as many sub-groups (54, 55, 56) of channels as there are exit channels (51, 52, 53), each pass channel subgroup joining its associated output channel, and the number of channels in the pass subgroups are different. Device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the group of passes directly connected to the input channel (49) is adjacent to one of the sub-groups (56) of the group of passes connected to the channel(s) of output, this subgroup (56) having a number of channels which is the greatest among the other subgroups (54, 55) of this group connected to the output channel(s). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pass group directly connected to the input channel is adjacent to one of the sub-groups of the pass group connected to the output channels, this sub-group having a number of channels which is greater than the other subgroup of this group connected to the output channels. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the group of channels connected to the output channel(s) (51, 52, 53) is subdivided into at least three subgroups, the number of channels in the outer sub-groups is greater than the number of channels of the spacer sub-group located between the two outer sub-groups. Device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the number of channels of the outer subgroups comprises one more than the number of channels of the intermediate subgroup, for example the number of channels of the outer subgroups is 5, and the number of channels of the spacer subgroup is 4. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the number of channels of the outer sub-groups is 4, and the number of channels of the intermediate sub-group is 3. Device according to one of the two preceding claims, characterized in that the numbers of channels in the outer subgroups are different. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the group of channels connected to the input channel comprises more than 2 channels, in particular more than 4 channels, or even at least 6 channels. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the channels (3) in each group are parallel to each other over a major part of their length. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that these channels (3) are substantially straight over the major part of their length. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the groups of pass channels have numbers of channels which differ from one pass to another, in particular this number of channels increases, pass after pass, as flow measurement. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the number of input channels is smaller than the number of output channels, for example the number of input channels is one and the number of output is two or more. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the number of output channels is two, and the number of subgroups associated with these output channels is also two. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, in at least one of the passes, the channels of this pass are arranged in a ramified organization with nodes where at least two channels of the pass connect either to distribute , in the case of a distribution node, the fluid from one channel into two or more channels, or to collect, for a collection node, the fluid from two or more channels to a collection channel, these nodes being arranged so as to allow load balancing. Device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that, in the pass considered, the added number of distribution nodes and collection nodes is the same for all the channels of the pass. System comprising an electrical component capable of releasing heat during its operation, in particular for an electrical energy storage module, and a cooling device according to one of the preceding claims, arranged to cool the component, this component or battery being in thermal contact with the upper plate of the cooling device.