FR3105914A1 - Food intended for animal feed comprising buckwheat - Google Patents
Food intended for animal feed comprising buckwheat Download PDFInfo
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- FR3105914A1 FR3105914A1 FR2000073A FR2000073A FR3105914A1 FR 3105914 A1 FR3105914 A1 FR 3105914A1 FR 2000073 A FR2000073 A FR 2000073A FR 2000073 A FR2000073 A FR 2000073A FR 3105914 A1 FR3105914 A1 FR 3105914A1
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- buckwheat
- food
- animal feed
- animal
- animals
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/30—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for swines
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
L'invention concerne un aliment destiné à l'alimentation animale, notamment aux porcs, contenant du sarrasin.The invention relates to a feed intended for animal feed, in particular for pigs, containing buckwheat.
Description
Domaine de l’inventionField of invention
L'invention a trait à la nutrition des animaux d'élevage.The invention relates to the nutrition of farm animals.
Plus précisément, la présente invention concerne une nouvelle composition alimentaire pour animaux.More specifically, the present invention relates to a novel food composition for animals.
L'invention trouve ainsi tout particulièrement, mais non exclusivement, son application dans le cadre de l'élevage porcin.The invention thus finds its application particularly, but not exclusively, in the context of pig farming.
Art antérieurPrior art
Depuis quelques années, des attentes sociétales nouvelles apparaissent en matière de consommation alimentaire. Les citoyens, jusque-là exigeants sur la qualité des produits (viande) qu’ils consommaient, deviennent également très regardants sur les modes d’élevage, notamment sur les aspects de bien-être animal, d’environnement et d’alimentation animale.In recent years, new societal expectations have appeared in terms of food consumption. Citizens, hitherto demanding on the quality of the products (meat) they consumed, are also becoming very observant of farming methods, particularly on aspects of animal welfare, the environment and animal feed.
La prise en considération de ces demandes des consommateurs par les filières d’élevage nécessite:The consideration of these consumer demands by livestock sectors requires:
- pour le bien-être animal: une nutrition adaptée, la réduction des stress en élevage, la réduction des douleurs/lésions et maladies et le respect du comportement animal;- for animal welfare: appropriate nutrition, reduction of stress in breeding, reduction of pain/injury and disease and respect for animal behaviour;
- pour le respect de l’environnement, une production de cultures locales françaises, non exigeantes en intrants et traitements, et un circuit court du cultivateur au producteur de viande (porcs par exemple);- for the respect of the environment, a production of local French crops, not requiring inputs and treatments, and a short circuit from the farmer to the meat producer (pigs for example);
- une amélioration de la qualité technologique de la viande (couleur, capacité de rétention en eau, goût, …).- an improvement in the technological quality of the meat (colour, water retention capacity, taste, etc.).
Pour la campagne 2017/2018, 9.9 millionsde tonnes de céréales ont été utiliséespar l’industrie de l’alimentation animale,ce qui en fait la première utilisatrice decéréales en grains.For the 2017/2018 campaign, 9.9 million tonnes of cereals were used by the animal feed industry, making it the leading user of grain cereals.
La santé et le bien-être des animaux de rente dépendent d’une bonne nutrition.The health and welfare of livestock depend on good nutrition.
Or, la disponibilité des matières premières peut varier d’une région à l’autre.However, the availability of raw materials may vary from region to region.
Il est donc nécessaire de proposer des produits alimentaires nouveaux qui satisfont ces aspects de santé et de bien-être mais qui donnent également aux consommateurs des garanties supplémentaires en termes de traçabilité et de proximité.It is therefore necessary to offer new food products which satisfy these aspects of health and well-being but which also give consumers additional guarantees in terms of traceability and proximity.
La présente invention a pour but de réaliser une composition alimentaire pour les animaux d'élevage destinés à la production de viande, notamment les porcs, capable non seulement de satisfaire aux besoins nutritionnels des animaux mais aussi de satisfaire aux attentes sociétales, en procurant notamment des effets positifs sur le bien-être et la santé des animaux et sur les qualités nutritionnelles et organoleptiques de la viande.The aim of the present invention is to produce a food composition for farm animals intended for meat production, in particular pigs, capable not only of satisfying the nutritional needs of animals but also of satisfying societal expectations, in particular by providing positive effects on animal welfare and health and on the nutritional and organoleptic qualities of meat.
L'invention propose un aliment spécialement conçu pour les animaux d'élevage où elle y trouve un grand intérêt.The invention proposes a food specially designed for farm animals where it finds great interest therein.
Selon l'invention, l’aliment contient du sarrasin.According to the invention, the food contains buckwheat.
Ainsi, les inventeurs ont mis au point un aliment pour animaux incorporant des graines de sarrasin.Thus, the inventors have developed an animal feed incorporating buckwheat seeds.
Le sarrasin est avant tout cultivé pour l'alimentation humaine. Le sarrasin est plus riche en protéines que les céréales et sa teneur en fibre est intermédiaire entre celle des grains couverts (avoine) et celle des grains nus (orge et blé).Buckwheat is primarily grown for human consumption. Buckwheat is richer in protein than cereals and its fiber content is intermediate between that of covered grains (oats) and that of naked grains (barley and wheat).
Le sarrasin est une excellente source de l'acide aminé lysine. Il contient en moyenne 6 g/kg de lysine, soit plus que l'avoine qui est la céréale en contenant le plus.Buckwheat is an excellent source of the amino acid lysine. It contains an average of 6 g/kg of lysine, which is more than oats, which is the cereal containing the most.
Le sarrasin est aussi riche en arginine.Buckwheat is also rich in arginine.
Le sarrasin contient également d'autres composés intéressants en quantité appréciable, entre autres de la rutine et de la riboflavine. Sa teneur en riboflavine est environ de 0,27 à 0,28 mg/100 g, soit plus que les grains de céréales ou de légumineuses.Buckwheat also contains other valuable compounds in significant amounts, including rutin and riboflavin. Its riboflavin content is approximately 0.27 to 0.28 mg/100 g, more than cereal grains or legumes.
Par ailleurs, on retrouve presque toutes les vitamines du complexe B dans le sarrasin.In addition, we find almost all the vitamins of the B complex in buckwheat.
Les inventeurs ont constaté qu’une alimentation à base de sarrasin donnée à des animaux de rente recevant procurait des effets bénéfiques sur la santé des animaux.The inventors have observed that a feed based on buckwheat given to farm animals receiving them provided beneficial effects on the health of the animals.
Selon un aspect particulier de l’invention, la part de sarrasin dans l’aliment, exprimée en poids, est comprise entre 3 et 10%.According to a particular aspect of the invention, the proportion of buckwheat in the food, expressed by weight, is between 3 and 10%.
Selon un aspect particulier de l’invention, le sarrasin est non décortiqué.According to a particular aspect of the invention, the buckwheat is unshelled.
Selon un aspect particulier de l’invention, l’aliment comprend en outre des céréales, des oléoprotéagineux et des minéraux.According to a particular aspect of the invention, the food also comprises cereals, oilseeds and minerals.
Selon un aspect particulier de l’invention, l’aliment contient, exprimé en poids, entre 60 et 90% de céréales, entre 5 et 15% d’oléoprotéagineux et entre 0.3 et 5% de minéraux.According to a particular aspect of the invention, the food contains, expressed by weight, between 60 and 90% of cereals, between 5 and 15% of oilseeds and between 0.3 and 5% of minerals.
Selon un aspect particulier de l’invention, l’aliment contient, exprimé en poids, entre 2 et 2,5% de lignine et 4 à 5,5% de cellulose.According to a particular aspect of the invention, the food contains, expressed by weight, between 2 and 2.5% lignin and 4 to 5.5% cellulose.
Selon un aspect particulier de l’invention, l’aliment ne comprend pas d’OGM.According to a particular aspect of the invention, the food does not include GMOs.
La technique proposée, ainsi que les différents avantages qu’elle présente, seront plus facilement compris, à la lumière de la description qui va suivre d’un mode de réalisation illustratif et non limitatif de celle-ci.The proposed technique, as well as the various advantages it presents, will be more easily understood, in the light of the following description of an illustrative and non-limiting embodiment thereof.
Description détaillée de l’inventionDetailed description of the invention
L'invention concerne le domaine de l'alimentation animale et se rapporte plus précisément à un aliment spécialement conçu pour les animaux d'élevage où elle y trouve un grand intérêt.The invention relates to the field of animal feed and relates more specifically to a feed specially designed for farm animals where it finds great interest therein.
Selon l'invention, l’aliment contient du sarrasin qui est un produit naturel disponible localement en Bretagne, par exemple.According to the invention, the food contains buckwheat which is a natural product available locally in Brittany, for example.
Les inventeurs ont constaté qu’une alimentation à base de sarrasin donnée à des animaux de rente recevant procurait des effets bénéfiques sur la santé des animaux notamment.The inventors have observed that a feed based on buckwheat given to production animals receiving them provided beneficial effects on the health of the animals in particular.
Comme illustré ci-dessous, l’aliment comprend du sarrasin dans une plage de valeurs, exprimée en poids, allant de 3 à 10%, de préférence entre 3 et 5%.As illustrated below, the food comprises buckwheat in a range of values, expressed by weight, ranging from 3 to 10%, preferably between 3 and 5%.
De préférence, les graines de sarrasin sont non décortiquées, de sorte que les cosses et graines de sarrasin soient incorporées dans l’aliment.Preferably, the buckwheat seeds are unshelled, so that the buckwheat husks and seeds are incorporated into the food.
Il comprend en outre des céréales (blé, maïs, orge, …) et coproduits de céréales (drèches de maïs ou de blé issues de meunerie et d’amidonnerie du blé,…) dans une plage de valeurs allant de 60 à 90%, des oléoprotéagineux (colza, pois, tournesol, ...) dans une plage de valeurs allant de 5 à 15% et des minéraux (calcium, phosphore, et/ou magnésium notamment) dans une plage de valeurs allant de 0.3 à 5%.It also includes cereals (wheat, maize, barley, etc.) and cereal co-products (corn or wheat spent grains from milling and wheat starch production, etc.) in a range of values ranging from 60 to 90%, oilseeds (rapeseed, peas, sunflower, etc.) in a range of values ranging from 5 to 15% and minerals (calcium, phosphorus and/or magnesium in particular) in a range of values ranging from 0.3 to 5%.
De préférence, l’aliment contient, exprimé en poids, une quantité prédéterminée de fibres insolubles, et en particulier entre 2 et 2,5% de lignine et 4 à 5,5% de cellulose. Il ne contient pas d’OGM.Preferably, the food contains, expressed by weight, a predetermined quantity of insoluble fibres, and in particular between 2 and 2.5% lignin and 4 to 5.5% cellulose. It does not contain GMOs.
Il relève des compétences de l'homme du métier de déterminer, à l'intérieur de ces plages, des valeurs, en fonction de l'animal élevé et des résultats recherchés.It falls within the competence of a person skilled in the art to determine, within these ranges, values, depending on the animal bred and the results sought.
Le sarrasin est une polygonacée, présentant une enveloppe cellulosique. Différentes variétés(harpe noire, petit gris, petit prussien) peuvent être incorporées seules ou en combinaison dans l’aliment selon l’invention.Buckwheat is a polygonaceae, with a cellulosic envelope. Different varieties (black harp, small gray, small Prussian) can be incorporated alone or in combination in the food according to the invention.
L’aliment selon l’invention présente plusieurs avantages. Il procure ainsides bienfaits sur l’animalavec des effets positifs sur la santé intestinale et une excellente régulation de l'ingéré, et améliore aussi la qualité technologique de la viande et son goût. Il s’est avéré que des animaux ayant été alimentés avec l’aliment selon l’invention présentaient, après abattage, une chair tendre, de bonne tenue, avec une couleur optimale du maigre, sansgras perlé, ni de gras interstitiel, et sans trop de gras intra musculaire.The food according to the invention has several advantages. It thus provides benefits on the animal with positive effects on intestinal health and excellent regulation of intake, and also improves the technological quality of the meat and its taste. It turned out that animals having been fed with the food according to the invention presented, after slaughter, tender flesh, good holding, with an optimal color of the lean, without pearl fat, or interstitial fat, and without too much intramuscular fat.
Le sarrasin présente de multiples avantages, énumérés ci-après, sur le plan de la nutrition et de la santé animale :Buckwheat has multiple benefits, listed below, in terms of animal nutrition and health:
- Riche en protéines, comme les autres céréales tel que le blé (12.4 % pour le sarrasin, 10.5 à 11 % pour le blé);- Rich in protein, like other cereals such as wheat (12.4% for buckwheat, 10.5 to 11% for wheat);
- Un profil d’acides aminés (AA) équilibré (Riche en lysine notamment: Lysine totale dans le sarrasin égale à 6 g / kg, et pour le blé égale 3 g /kg);- A balanced amino acid (AA) profile (Rich in lysine in particular: Total lysine in buckwheat equal to 6 g / kg, and for wheat equals 3 g / kg);
- Favorise la satiété par ses glucides complexes (fibres au détergent neutre NDF 22 % pour le sarrasin et 12 % pour le blé);- Promotes satiety through its complex carbohydrates (NDF neutral detergent fibers 22% for buckwheat and 12% for wheat);
- A un fort pouvoir antioxydant (riche en acides phénoliques/flavonoïdes qui ont un effet anti inflammatoire);- Has a strong antioxidant power (rich in phenolic acids/flavonoids which have an anti-inflammatory effect);
- Un index glycémique et une charge glycémique basse, d’où une meilleure régulation des ingérés (sarrasin 580 Kcal/kg - blé 780 Kcal/kg);- A low glycemic index and glycemic load, hence better regulation of intake (buckwheat 580 Kcal/kg - wheat 780 Kcal/kg);
- en vitamines notamment du groupe B et minéraux (cuivre Cu / Phosphore P / zinc Zn / calcium Ca / Vitamine du groupe B):: 1.4 g/kg de Magnésium pour le sarrasin et 1 g/kg de Magnésium pour le blé;- in vitamins in particular of group B and minerals (copper Cu / Phosphorus P / zinc Zn / calcium Ca / Vitamin of group B):: 1.4 g/kg of Magnesium for buckwheat and 1 g/kg of Magnesium for wheat;
- C’est un prébiotique intéressant pour stimuler la croissance des bactéries intestinales positives (acide détergent lignine (ADL) égal à 7% pour le sarrasin et à 1% pour le blé);- It is an interesting prebiotic to stimulate the growth of positive intestinal bacteria (acid detergent lignin (ADL) equal to 7% for buckwheat and 1% for wheat);
- Riche en fibres insolubles (cellulose, lignine) pour le confort des porcs charcutiers;- Rich in insoluble fiber (cellulose, lignin) for the comfort of meat pigs;
- Riche en acide gras insaturés et polyinsaturés;- Rich in unsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids;
- Relativement riche en amidon et en matière grasse.- Relatively rich in starch and fat.
Le sarrasin présente d’autres avantages listés ci-après sur le plan agronomique et environnemental :Buckwheat has other agronomic and environmental advantages listed below:
- Plante peu exigeante en azote, peu ou pas d’intrants notamment azotés nécessaires (100 Unités d’azote / ha);- Plant not very demanding in nitrogen, little or no nitrogen inputs needed (100 Nitrogen Units / ha);
- Peu de traitements des cultures: limitation des fongicides, bactéricides et herbicides; réduction des traitements phytosanitaires.- Few crop treatments: limitation of fungicides, bactericides and herbicides; reduction of phytosanitary treatments.
L’incorporation de sarrasin dans l’aliment de l’invention améliore le bien-être animal (calme et santé des animaux) et le confort des animaux (le sarrasin étant riche en fibres et flavonoïde).The incorporation of buckwheat in the food of the invention improves animal well-being (calm and health of animals) and the comfort of animals (buckwheat being rich in fiber and flavonoid).
La culture du sarrasin est peu coûteuse et n’est pas gourmande en intrants.Buckwheat cultivation is inexpensive and does not require intensive inputs.
Le sarrasin est une matière première locale et ancestrale en Bretagne notamment. Un tel aliment peut ainsi être mis en œuvre dans un modèle de circuit court (production et transformation locale) où l’éleveur peut être producteur de porcs et cultivateur/fournisseur de sarrasin, ce qui contribue à l’économie locale.Buckwheat is a local and ancestral raw material in Brittany in particular. Such a feed can thus be implemented in a short circuit model (local production and processing) where the breeder can be a pig producer and a buckwheat grower/supplier, which contributes to the local economy.
La solution de l’invention permet le respect du bien-être animal (nutrition et santé) et de l’environnement (propriétés agronomiques de la culture). Il permet d’obtenir une bonne qualité de carcasse et de viande.The solution of the invention allows respect for animal well-being (nutrition and health) and the environment (agronomic properties of the crop). It allows to obtain a good quality of carcass and meat.
L’incorporation de sarrasin dans l’aliment répond donc bien aux attentes sociétales.The incorporation of buckwheat in food therefore responds well to societal expectations.
L’aliment de l’invention est particulièrement adapté à la nutrition des animaux d'élevage et convient notamment aux porcs, aux lapins, aux volailles (poulets), aux bovins, aux ovins, et aux caprins.The food of the invention is particularly suitable for the nutrition of farm animals and is particularly suitable for pigs, rabbits, poultry (chickens), cattle, sheep and goats.
Il peut être utilisé pour nourrir les animaux sur tout ou partie de la période d’élevage.It can be used to feed the animals over all or part of the rearing period.
Les exemples de réalisation ici décrits n'ont pas pour objet de réduire la portée de l'invention. Il pourra donc y être apporté de nombreuses modifications sans sortir du cadre de celle-ci.The exemplary embodiments described here are not intended to reduce the scope of the invention. Many modifications may therefore be made without departing from the scope of this one.
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Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
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ANONYMOUS: "Buckwheat as a Feed Ingredient in Swine Diets - Swine", 23 December 1999 (1999-12-23), XP055702600, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://livestocktrail.illinois.edu/porknet/paperDisplay.cfm?ContentID=84> [retrieved on 20200608] * |
ANONYMOUS: "Utilisation du Sarrasin en Alimentation Animale", 1 July 1995 (1995-07-01), XP055702601, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://eap.mcgill.ca/agrobio/ab370-09.htm> [retrieved on 20200608] * |
D M ANDERSON ' ET AL: "EVALUATION OF BUCKWHE AT (Fagopyrum esculentum) lN DIETS OF GROWING PIGS", SCI, 1 December 1984 (1984-12-01), pages 985 - 995, XP055702602, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/pdf/10.4141/cjas84-111> [retrieved on 20200608] * |
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