FR3098330A1 - Data processing method and device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a data processing system. For this purpose, a geographical map representing a territory is displayed (31). A geographic area is selected (32) on the geographic map. The geographical area is then evaluated (33) automatically from a set of data representing this geographical area and from a set of determined indicators. This assessment includes the comparison (331) of all the data with reference data associated with the indicators to assess the area. Each data is compared to the benchmark data of one or more indicators to determine (332) a score for each indicator. The indicator set consists of several groups of indicators, each comprising several indicators. A score is determined (333) for each indicator group from the ratings associated with the indicators making up each group. A graphical representation of the score determined for each group is then displayed (334). Figure for the abstract: Figure 3

Description

Data processing method and device

The invention relates to a method and a device for processing data representative of a geographical area. The invention relates more generally to the processing of data within the framework of a GIS (Geographic Information System).

Technology background

According to the interdepartmental geographical information space, geographical data corresponds to any data that directly or indirectly refers to a specific place or geographical area. This data is particularly useful in land use planning and for any issue relating to urban planning.

Over time and with the development of geographic information systems, the volume of geographic data relating to a given geographic area has become so large and the sources of information so diverse and varied that a human being is no longer able to process them as a whole and to extract useful information for the evaluation and/or the development of the geographical area concerned.

The difficulty relating to the exploitation of these geographical data is all the more important as the number of criteria for analyzing the geographical area is important.

An object of the present invention is to propose a tool making it possible to improve and optimize the development and/or the evaluation of a given geographical area from a large volume of data, in particular geographical data.

Another object of the present invention is to automatically enrich the existing data associated with the geographical area and to restore this enriched data in an exploitable way.

According to a first aspect, the invention relates to a data processing method, the method comprising the steps of:

- display of a geographical map representative of a given territory;

- selection of a geographical area on the geographical map;

- evaluation of the geographical area based on a set of data representative of the geographical area and a set of indicators, the evaluation comprising the steps of:

● comparison of each datum of the set of data with reference data of at least one indicator of the set of indicators, the set of indicators comprising several first groups of indicators, each first group of indicators comprising several indicators;

● for each indicator of the set of indicators, determination of a score based on the result of the comparison;

● for each first group of indicators, determination of a score from the scores determined for each indicator of the first group of indicators;

● display of a graphic representation of the score determined for each first group of indicators.

According to a variant, the determination of a score for each first group of indicators is also a function of a weighting coefficient associated with each indicator of the first group of indicators.

According to another variant, the weighting coefficient is determined by applying a multi-criteria hierarchy method.

According to yet another variant, the evaluation further comprises applying at least one geoprocessing function to at least a portion of the data of the data set on the geographical area before comparison with the reference data.

According to an additional variant, the steps included in the evaluation of the geographical area are executed again following a modification and/or an update of the data representative of said geographical area.

According to yet another variant, the method further comprises a step of recommending modification of at least part of the data representative of the geographical area to increase at least one of the scores associated with the first groups of indicators.

According to an additional variant, the selection of the geographical area comprises the plotting of a polygon on the geographical map delimiting the geographical area.

According to an additional variant, the method further comprises the steps of:

- generation of at least a second group of indicators comprising a plurality of indicators belonging to at least one of said first groups of indicators;

- determination of a score associated with the at least one second group of indicators from the scores determined for each indicator of the at least one second group of indicators;
- display of a graphic representation of the note determined for the at least one second group of indicators.

According to another variant, the number of first groups of indicators is greater than or equal to 5 and the number of indicators is greater than or equal to 50.

According to yet another variant, the comparison uses a correspondence table associating for each indicator a plurality of reference scores with the reference data of the indicator.

According to an additional variant, the method further comprises a step of transmitting the scores determined for the first groups of indicators.

According to another variant, the method further comprises a step of transmitting at least one request to receive at least part of the data associated with the geographical area

According to a second aspect, the invention relates to a data processing system, the system comprising a memory associated with at least a processor configured for the implementation of the steps of the method as described above according to the first aspect of the invention .

According to a third aspect, the invention relates to a computer program which comprises instructions adapted for the execution of the steps of the method according to the first aspect of the invention, this in particular when the computer program is executed by at least one processor.

Such a computer program can use any programming language, and be in the form of source code, object code, or intermediate code between source code and object code, such as in a partially compiled form, or in any other desirable form.

According to a fourth aspect, the invention relates to a computer-readable recording medium on which is recorded a computer program comprising instructions for the execution of the steps of the method according to the first aspect of the invention.

On the one hand, the recording medium can be any entity or device capable of storing the program. For example, the medium may comprise a storage means, such as a ROM memory, a CD-ROM or a ROM memory of the microelectronic circuit type, or even a magnetic recording means or a hard disk.

On the other hand, this recording medium can also be a transmissible medium such as an electrical or optical signal, such a signal being able to be conveyed via an electrical or optical cable, by conventional or hertzian radio or by self-directed laser beam or by other ways. The computer program according to the invention can in particular be downloaded from an Internet-type network.

Alternatively, the recording medium may be an integrated circuit in which the computer program is incorporated, the integrated circuit being adapted to execute or to be used in the execution of the method in question.

Brief description of figures

Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge from the description of the non-limiting embodiments of the invention below, with reference to the appended figures 1 to 5, in which:

schematically illustrates an architecture comprising a data processing system, according to a particular embodiment of the present invention;

schematically illustrates a data processing device forming all or part of the system of FIG. 1, according to a particular embodiment of the present invention;

illustrates a flowchart of the different steps of a data processing method implemented in the system of FIG. 1, according to a particular embodiment of the present invention;

schematically illustrates a man-machine interface generated by the system of FIG. 1, according to a first particular embodiment of the present invention;

schematically illustrates a man-machine interface generated by the system of FIG. 1, according to a second particular embodiment of the present invention.

A method and a system for processing data, in particular geographical data, will now be described in the following with reference in conjunction with FIGS. 1 to 5. The same elements are identified with the same reference signs throughout the description. who will follow.

According to a particular and non-limiting embodiment of the invention, a data processing method comprises the display, for example on a computer screen, tablet or smart phone (from the English "Smartphone"), a geographical map representing a territory or part of a territory, for example a country, a department, a city, one or more districts of a city. A geographical area is selected on the geographical map, for example via a tactile interface or a pointing device (for example a mouse). The geographical area is then automatically evaluated from a set of data representing this geographical area and/or associated with this geographical area and from a set of determined indicators. The data advantageously correspond to geographic data and include any type of data relating to the selected area, for example data relating to the population, environment, society, demography, soil, water, air, vegetation, urban development, transport, buildings, etc. This evaluation includes the comparison of the data with reference data associated with the indicators making it possible to evaluate the zone. Each piece of data is for example compared to the reference data of one or more indicators to determine a score associated with each indicator. The indicator set is broken down into indicator groups, each group comprising several indicators from the set. A score is determined for each indicator group from the scores associated with the indicators making up each group. A graphic representation of the score determined for each group is then displayed, allowing the evaluation of the geographical area concerned.

The processing of data from a given geographical area with a set of indicators by a computer or equivalent makes it possible to cross-check all the data available for the geographical area concerned with a large number of indicators, whatever the format, source or again the volume of data. Such processing makes it possible to enrich this raw data by providing the most complete assessment possible of the geographical area, both in terms of the variety of data sources and the variety and number of indicators.

In addition, the graphic representation of the result of a multi-criteria assessment of the geographical area facilitates the reading that can be made of the analysis of the geographical area concerned, making it possible to accelerate and optimize projects relating to the development of the territory for example.

In the remainder of the following description, the data that is the subject of the processing(s) and relating to or representative of the geographical area will also be referred to as geographical data. Geographical data is therefore not limited to the purely geographical aspect of the geographical area studied but includes all data relating to the environmental, technical, societal, demographic and energy aspects of a geographical area. Geographic data thus includes all data that directly or indirectly refers to a specific location or geographical area.

schematically illustrates a network architecture 1 of a data processing system, according to a particular and non-limiting embodiment of the present invention.

The system is for example formed of one or more user devices 10 and one or more servers 11. For the rest of the description, the example of a system comprising a user device 10 and a server 11 will be taken for reasons of clarity, but not limited to. The server 11 is for example hosted in the “cloud” (or “cloud” in French) and corresponds to a physical machine and/or a virtual machine. The server 11 is connected to the user device 10 via a wired connection, a wireless connection or a connection mixing wired and wireless. The server 11 and the user device 10 communicate with each other, for example through a network 100, for example of the Internet type. The user device 10 corresponds for example to a personal computer, a laptop computer, a tablet, a smart phone or any device allowing the display and processing of data. The user device 10 notably comprises a screen, for example a touch screen, and one or more input/output interfaces allowing a user to enter information, for example by using a keyboard, the touch interface associated with the screen of the device, a voice interface and/or a pointing device (of the mouse type for example).

The solution allowing data processing and implemented on the server 11 and/or the user device 10 is for example of the client-server type, with a heavy client requiring the installation of the client on the user device 10 or light using a browser executed on the client device 10. By way of example, the solution is of the SaaS type (from the English “Software as a Service” or in French “Software as a service”).

According to a variant embodiment, the solution is implemented on the server 11 only or on the user device 10 only.

In what will follow, a system thus comprises one or more devices, indifferently. The data processing system includes the following architectures, including:

- server plus user device;

- server only;

- user device only.

The server 11 is for example associated with one or more local databases, for example included in the server. This or these databases host the geographical data, or at least part of them, relating to a given territory (for example a country, a region, a department, a municipality or community of municipalities).

According to a variant embodiment, one or more databases 12, 13 remote from the server 11 and from the user device 10 are the subject of requests from the server 11 and/or from the user device 10 to obtain geographical data relating to a specific geographical area. These databases 12, 13 come for example in addition to the local database or databases associated with the server 11. According to a variant, the server 11 is not associated with a local database and the geographical data are obtained only remote databases.

The databases 12, 13 are accessible to the server 11 and/or to the user device 10 via a network 100, for example of the Internet type.

According to yet another variant embodiment, at least part of the geographical data is entered by one or more users of the system via one or more input interfaces (keyboard and/or touch interface for example) associated with an HMI (Human-Machine Interface ) chart.

schematically illustrates a device 2 configured for the implementation of the method described with regard to FIG. 3 and/or of all or part of the operations described with regard to FIGS. limitation of the present invention. The device 2 corresponds for example to the user device 10 and/or to the server 11 of figure 1.

Examples of such a device 2 include, but are not limited to, various electronic devices such as a calculator, a computer, a tablet, a smart phone (“Smartphone”). The elements of device 2, individually or in combination, can be integrated in a single integrated circuit, in several integrated circuits, and/or in discrete components. The device 2 can be made in the form of electronic circuits or software (or computer) modules or else a combination of electronic circuits and software modules. According to different particular embodiments, the device 2 is coupled in communication with other similar devices or systems, for example via an Internet-type network.

The device 2 comprises one (or more) processor(s) 20 configured to execute instructions for carrying out the steps of the data processing method. The processor 20 can include integrated memory, an input/output interface, and various circuits known to those skilled in the art. The device 20 further comprises at least one memory 21, for example a volatile and/or non-volatile memory and/or comprises a memory storage device which can comprise volatile and/or non-volatile memory, such as EEPROM, ROM, PROM, RAM, DRAM, SRAM, flash, magnetic or optical disk. The information received from the network infrastructure and/or the information measured or determined by the device 2 is advantageously recorded and stored in the memory 21. The computer code comprising the instructions to be loaded and executed by the processor 20 is for example stored on the memory or the memory storage device 21.

The device 2 advantageously further comprises a graphics card comprising one (or more) graphics processor(s) (GPU (from the English "Graphics Processing Unit" or in French "Graphic Processing Unit") associated with memory of the GRAM (from English “Graphical Random Access Memory” or in French “Memory of Random Access Graphics”).

According to a particular and non-limiting embodiment, the device 2 comprises a block 23 of interface elements for communicating with external devices, for example the “cloud” or a smart phone depending on the case. Block 23 interface elements include one or more of the following interfaces:

- RF radio frequency interface, for example of the Bluetooth® or Wi-Fi®, LTE 4G or 5G type;

- USB interface (from the English "Universal Serial Bus" or "Universal Serial Bus" in French);

- HDMI interface (from the English “High Definition Multimedia Interface”, or “Interface Multimedia Haute Definition” in French).

According to another particular embodiment, the device 2 comprises a communication interface 24 which makes it possible to establish communication with other devices via a communication channel 240. The communication interface 24 corresponds for example to a transmitter configured to transmit and receive information and/or data via the communication channel 240. The communication interface 24 comprises for example a modem and/or a network card and the communication channel can for example be implemented in a wired medium and/or wireless.

Data are for example loaded to the device 2 using a Wi-Fi® network such as according to IEEE 802.11 or a mobile network such as a 4G network (or LTE Advanced according to 3GPP release 10 – version 10) or 5G.

According to an additional particular embodiment, the device 2 can provide output signals to one or more external devices, such as a display screen 250, one or more loudspeakers 260 and/or other peripherals 270 ( DVD player, a projection system) respectively via output interfaces 25, 26 and 27. According to a variant, one or the other of the external devices is integrated into the device 2.

The device 2 can include all or part of the modules and/or interfaces described according to one or more of the particular embodiments described above.

illustrates a flowchart of the different steps of a data processing method, according to a particular and non-limiting embodiment of the present invention. The method is for example implemented in the device 2 of Figure 2 or in the system described with reference to Figure 1.

In a first step 31, a geographical map representative of a determined territory is displayed, for example on a screen of the LCD type (from the English "Liquid Crystal Display" or in French "Screen à cristalsliquides") or OLED (from English "Organic Light-Emitting Diode" or in French "Diode electroluminescenteorganique"). The territory corresponds for example to a country, a region, a department, a municipality or communities of municipalities, part of a municipality, one or more districts of a city. The part of the territory displayed is advantageously selected via a user interface of the HMI type, for example using a control device (for example a keyboard or a mouse), using gesture(s) made ) using one or more fingers on a touch screen or using voice commands. The geographical map is represented on the screen in two dimensions (2D) or in three dimensions (3D), according to any format known to those skilled in the art. The geographical map is for example represented in the form of a satellite or aerial view, a 2D or 3D plan or even a cadastral plan. The rendering of the geographical map is based for example on OSM data (according to the “OpenStreetMap” project). According to other examples, the geographical map also includes plans related to travel and/or mobility (public transport, bicycle, car, etc.), roads, networks and all fluid and/or gas pipelines, areas protection (fauna/flora for example), soft traffic lanes, types of land use (green space for example), voluntary contribution points, trees, water quality control points, flood zones, services and equipment, shops, etc.

In a second step 32, a geographical area is selected on the geographical map displayed on the screen. This geographical area is for example selected using a control device (for example a keyboard or a mouse) or using gesture(s) performed using a finger moving on the geographical map displayed on a touch screen. The selected geographical area is advantageously highlighted by modifying the color of the pixels of the screen displaying the selected part of the geographical map. For example, if the geographical area is selected by moving a finger on a touch screen, the contours of the area are selected by moving the finger on the screen to form these contours. The pixels corresponding to the selected areas of the screen are advantageously highlighted with a specific color, for example in red or green. The selected geographical area takes the form of a polygon, for example.

According to a first exemplary embodiment, the shape of the selected geographical area is constrained by a determined division of the geographical map into elementary parts (for example mesh cells of a grid). According to this example, the selected geographical area is formed of one or more parts of the determined division of the geographical map. The elementary parts forming the determined division of the geographical area correspond, for example, to cells of an IRIS division ("Ilots Regroupés pour l'Information Statistique"), to lots of a cadastral plan, to municipal boundaries.

According to a second exemplary embodiment, the shape of the geographical area is unconstrained, that is to say that the selection of the geographical area is free by dispensing with any determined division of the geographical map.

In a third step 33, the selected geographical area is evaluated from a set of data representative of this geographical area and from a set of indicators. The set of indicators includes for example 50 or more indicators (for example 60, 80, 100, 200 or more). The indicators are advantageously grouped together to form several first groups of indicators, for example 5, 6, 10, 15, 20 or more first groups of indicators. Each indicator corresponds, for example, to an analysis or evaluation criterion for the geographical area, the indicators being, for example, grouped by theme to form the first groups of indicators. For example, the themes associated with the first groups of indicators (1 theme associated with 1 first group) include one or more of the following themes:

- Water Management ;

- Energy and climate;

- Mobility and accessibility;

- Ecosystem and biodiversity;

- Limit and recover waste;

- Societal approaches.

The indicators advantageously correspond to quantitative indicators, i.e. a value or range of values is associated with each indicator.

According to a variant, the indicators, or at least some of them, correspond to qualitative indicators. The evaluation criterion(s) for such qualitative indicators correspond to qualitative information, for example a level of satisfaction, a yes/no type answer to an answer making it possible to provide an evaluation criterion for the qualitative indicator concerned. For example, a qualitative indicator relating to the environment is entitled “actions to reduce the impacts of development projects: Provide topsoil storage areas”. To assess this indicator, a question, for example "has this action been taken into account?" is asked and the answer given via a form by a user would be yes or no.

By way of non-limiting example, the first group of indicators associated with the “Water management” theme includes several indicators from among the following indicators:

- rainwater management, represented by a parameter corresponding to a waterproofing coefficient, i.e. the ratio of the sum of the active surfaces to the total surface;

- quality of drinking water, represented by a parameter corresponding to the number of complaints relating to drinking water;

- sustainability of water resources, represented by a parameter corresponding to the number of supply sources and by a parameter representing the diversity of sources;

- price of drinking water;

- water consumption for public spaces, represented by a parameter corresponding to the ratio of the volume in m ³ of water consumed annually to the surface of public spaces in m ² ;

- river water quality, represented by a parameter corresponding to the overall biological quality;

- yield and/or performance of the distribution network, represented by a parameter corresponding to the ratio of the quantity of drinking water consumed per km of network to the quantity of water entering the network;

- bathing water quality, represented by a parameter corresponding to a bathing water quality index;

- drainage surface, represented by a parameter corresponding to a part of the drained surface, expressed as a percentage of the surface of the geographical area considered.

Depending on the geographical area considered, some of the indicators are not taken into account in the assessment. For example, the indicator relating to the quality of bathing water will not be evaluated for a geographical area that does not include any space (swimming pool, lake, pond, beach) suitable for bathing.

The set of data representative of the selected geographical area comes from one or more sources, such as, for example, public or private databases, websites. The data is for example received in the form of streams, for example following the emission of one or more requests transmitted for the purpose of these databases. All or part of the data can also be received from a storage space associated with or included in the server 11 of the system of FIG. 1. The data advantageously correspond to geographical data, for example raw digital spatial data in vector format and/or or DAO (from English “Data Access Object” or in French “Object of access to data”), for example in the form of VSAM stream (from English “Virtual Storage Access Method” or in French “Method d 'access to a virtual storage'), binary, XML (from English "Extensible Markup Language" or in French "Langage de markup extensible"), JSON (from English "JavaScript Object Notation" or in French "Notation objet in javascript"), GeoJSON (from English "Geographic JSON" or in French "JSON Geographic"), CSV (from English "Comma-Separated Values" or in French "Valeurs separated by a comma"), SHP ( extension for so-called “Shapefile” files, i.e. “shape file” in French) or others.

According to a variant embodiment, at least part of the data is supplied to the system by a form-type entry, for example alphanumeric, by one or more users. This input is done for example via an HMI by means of system input interfaces (for example a keyboard and/or a mouse; via the touch interface of the screen of the device 2 if necessary ; or voice interface). The data is for example quantitative (for example length of the drinking water network in m, height of a building in m, etc.) and/or qualitative (for example, presence or absence of a heating network or incineration in the geographical area concerned, level of evaluation (good, average, bad) of a criterion, etc.). Such a variant makes it possible, for example, to supplement the available databases, to benefit from the expertise and/or knowledge of one or more users (for example experts in one or more fields), and/or to compensate for the absence of geographical data for one or more indicators, if applicable.

A datum of the data set is used for the evaluation of an indicator or several indicators belonging to the same first group or to different first groups. For example, data representative of a number of dwellings is used for the evaluation of an indicator belonging to the first group with the theme "mobility and accessibility" (for example an indicator representative of the distance between public transport and housing) and for the evaluation of an indicator belonging to the first group with the theme "Limiting and recovering waste" (for example an indicator representative of the distance between the voluntary drop-off terminals (for example glass collection terminal) and housing).

The evaluation of the selected geographical area includes 3 sub-steps.

In a first sub-step 331, each datum of the data set is compared with reference data of one or more indicators. This comparison is for example made from a LUT (from the English "Look-Up Table" or in French "correspondence table") which matches each indicator with one or more reference data. A reference datum corresponds for example to a value or range of values. According to a variant, a reference datum corresponds to a level of assessment, for example mediocre, good and very good. A note is advantageously associated with each reference datum. Table 1 below illustrates such a correspondence table for the indicators of the first group associated with the theme "Water management".

Indicator Setting Reference data and associated notes Rainy waters Coefficient. waterproofing Coefficient. <0.3 = score of 5; Coefficient. between 0.3 and 0.35 = 4; Coefficient. between 0.35 and 0.4 = 3; Coefficient. between 0.4 and 0.45 = 2; Coefficient. between 0.45 and 0.5 = 1; Coefficient. > 0.5 = 0 Resource sustainability Number sources no permanent source = score of 0; 1 perennial source = 3; several perennial sources = 5 Water price Price > 4 euros/m ³ = rating of 0; between 3.6 and 4 = 1; between 3.4 and 3.6 = 2; between 3.2 and 3.4 = 3; between 2.8 and 3.2 = 4; < 2.8 euros/m ³ = 5 Consumption Volume/surface public spaces Consumption > 1 m ³ /m ² /year = score of 0; between 1 and 0.33 = 3; < 0.33 = 5 River water quality Overall biological quality 5 levels (very good = rating of 5, good = 4, average = 3, mediocre = 2, bad = 0) Distribution network Coefficient Coefficient. < 85% = score of 0; 85-88% = 1; 88-91% = 2; 91 to 94 = 3; 94 to 97 = 4; > 97% = 5 Bathing water quality Hint 5 levels (excellent = score of 5, good = 4, sufficient = 3, insufficient = 1, prohibited = 0) Drainage area Part drained surface 0% drained surface = score of 5; between 0.1 and 0.9% = 4; between 1 and 3.7% = 3; between 3.8 and 10.5% = 2; between 10.6 and 21.1% = 1; > to 21.2 = 0

Such a correspondence table exists for each first group with reference data and associated notes for each indicator of each first group.

The geographical data, at least a part of it, is compared to the reference data in the raw state, as received, without prior processing.

According to a variant embodiment, one or more geoprocessing functions (or operations) are applied to the geographical data, or to a part of this geographical data, before comparison with the reference data. Geoprocessing is the performance of one or more operations, such as analytical or arithmetic, on geographic data. By way of non-limiting examples, the geoprocessing functions include geometric processing of union and intersection, measurements and calculations of Euclidean distance, distance cost or according to a network, analyzes of contiguity and neighborhood, calculations statistics, map algebra, spatial interpolation, analysis of spatial distribution, density, potential.

For example, for an indicator corresponding to the distance between public transport and dwellings (from the first group of indicators with the theme "Mobility and accessibility"), the comparison parameter corresponds to the ratio of the number of dwellings less than 500 m from a tram (metro) station or less than 300 m from a bus stop out of the total number of dwellings in the study area. The geographical data received correspond, for example, to the coordinates of tram (metro) stations and bus stops, as well as the number of dwellings and their locations on the geographical map. A geoprocessing function is applied to public transport location data, this function corresponding for example to a buffer around metro stations with a radius of 500 m and to a buffer around stops of bus with a radius of 300 m, the buffers being of surface type for this particular example. If the data relating to the number of dwellings and associated locations is not available as such, other geoprocessing functions must be applied to the geographical data to deduce, for example, the number of dwellings and their location in the selected geographical area.

In a second sub-step 332, a score is determined for each indicator of the set of indicators from the result of the comparison of sub-step 331. For a given indicator, the score is deduced directly from the correspondence table by comparing the value of the parameter obtained from the geographical data and the associated reference data, as illustrated in Table 1 above.

In a third sub-step 333, a score is determined for each first group of indicators from the scores of the indicators included in the first group of indicators concerned and determined in the sub-step 332. Ours assigned to a first group number of indicators given corresponds for example to the average of the scores assigned to each of the indicators of this first group of indicators.

According to a variant embodiment, the score assigned to a given first group of indicators corresponds to a weighted average of the scores assigned to each of the indicators of this first group of indicators, a weighting coefficient being associated with each indicator. The weighting coefficients associated with the indicators are for example chosen by a user and/or deduced empirically. According to another example, the weighting coefficients are obtained by implementing a multi-criteria hierarchy method, for example the so-called weighted sum method (from the English “Weight Sum Method”) or the hierarchical multi-criteria analysis method (AMCH) invented by Thomas L. Saaty.

In a fourth sub-step 334, a graphic representation of the score determined for each first group of indicators is displayed. The scores are for example displayed in an HMI in the form of a table presenting an overall score obtained for the geographical area, a score for each first group of indicators. The detail of the scores obtained for each indicator is for example also accessible by clicking on the first group for which the scores obtained for each indicator of this first group are desired. The overall score associated with the geographical area is for example obtained by averaging the scores obtained for the first groups or by making a weighted average of these scores for the first groups.

According to a variant, the notes are displayed in the form of a radar diagram, as shown in Figure 5, for easier readability. Such a representation makes it possible to quickly see what are the strengths and weaknesses or points for improvement of the selected geographical area.

According to a particular example of implementation, the sub-steps 331 to 334 are executed again after modification and/or an update of at least part of the geographical data of the selected geographical area. One or more data are for example modified by a user via an ad hoc HMI to test the impact of the new values associated with the modified data on the score of one or more first groups of indicators, as well as on the overall score obtained for the selected geographical area. Such an implementation makes it possible to quickly test several scenarios and to clearly and quickly visualize their impact on the evaluation of the selected geographical area. Such an implementation also makes it possible to test the scores obtained after an update of the geographic data source(s) and/or when a new geographic data source must be taken into account. The new execution of sub-steps 331 to 334 is for example triggered following a command (pressing a button of an MMI for example) or automatically when the implementing device detects the entry of new values for the geographical data, the update of one or more of the data sources or the availability of a new data source.

According to another particular example of implementation, the method also comprises the recommendation of modifications of at least part of the geographical data to increase at least one of the scores associated with the first groups of indicators. According to this implementation, the first group of indicators with the lowest score or the first groups of indicators with scores below a determined threshold value are automatically analyzed to determine and propose solutions to improve these scores. For example, the evaluation of the selected geographical area is replayed automatically for at least the indicators of the first group or groups concerned by testing new values for at least part of the geographical data used in the evaluation of these indicators. One or more improvement solutions are then proposed, for example via a dedicated dialog window of the HMI. By way of example, to improve mobility and accessibility in a selected geographical area, different locations of tram (or metro) stations and/or bus stops are tested, for example under constraints (for example at a less than a threshold distance from the existing location). According to a variant, the evaluation is replayed at the request of a user who can for example select the first group or groups of indicators for which recommendations for improvement are desired.

According to another particular example of implementation, the method further comprises the generation of one or more second groups of indicators in addition to the first groups of existing indicators. A second group of indicators advantageously comprises a plurality of indicators belonging to one or more of the first groups of existing indicators. According to a variant, a second group of indicators also comprises one or more new indicators, that is to say indicators different from those included in the first groups of existing indicators. According to this implementation, a score is determined for this or these new second groups of indicators, in the same way as for the first groups of indicators, and a graphical representation of this score is also displayed. This or these second groups are for example generated via an MMI which allows the selection of the indicators to be associated with this or these second groups. According to a variant, this or these second groups are generated automatically, for example by comparing the existing indicators with each other and by grouping them by similarity (for example by grouping the indicators calculated at least in part from common or similar geographic data).

Such a method has many advantages. For example, it automatically selects the geographical data necessary for the multi-criteria analysis of a given geographical area from a large number of available data. In addition, the automatic calculation of scores by crossing the criteria makes it possible to speed up decision-making relating to the development of the selected geographical area. The calculated grades can also be transmitted automatically to external tools which can process and exploit them automatically, for example through one or more APIs (from English “Application Program Interface” or in French “Interface de programmation”) . Such a process thus makes it possible to enrich the existing raw geographical data by crossing them in multiple ways.

illustrates a man-machine interface (HMI) 4 generated by the system of FIG. 1 or by the device 2, within the framework of the implementation of the method described with regard to FIG. 3, according to a first particular embodiment example and not limitation of the present invention.

The HMI 4 includes a first part 41 and a second part 42. The second part 42 includes the display of a geographical map. A geographical area 421 is selected as described with respect to step 32. This area 421 is highlighted graphically by its contours which appear in dotted lines. Of course, the highlighting can be obtained in different ways, for example by associating a determined color with the zone 421, by making transparent the parts of the unselected geographical map, by raising in 3D the selected zone 421. The first part 41 advantageously corresponds to a dashboard in which information is displayed on the indicators used for the evaluation of the geographical area 421 selected. This dashboard 41 includes for example the list of the first groups of indicators, only 2 of these first groups being illustrated in FIG. group 412 with the theme “Energy and climate”. The score calculated for each of these groups 411, 412 is also displayed, namely 4.321 out of 5 for the first group 411 and 1.485 out of 5 for the first group 412. To have the details of these first groups, the latter can be selected ( via a mouse click or with a finger when displayed on a touch screen). As illustrated in FIG. 4, part of the detail of the first group 412 is displayed, the detail comprising the indicators forming this first group 412, by differentiating the evaluated indicators 4122 from the non-evaluated indicators 4121 (and appearing in gray or in transparency). The overall score of the selected geographical area is also displayed in this dashboard, namely 2.622 out of 5.

Such an interface allows a simple selection of a geographical area to be evaluated as well as a clear visualization of the automatically calculated scores.

illustrates a man-machine interface (HMI) 5 generated by the system of FIG. 1 or by the device 2, within the framework of the implementation of the method described with regard to FIG. 3, according to a second particular example of embodiment and not limitation of the present invention.

The HMI 5 comprises a first part 51 similar to the first part 41 of the HMI 4, a second part 52 similar to the second part 42 of the HMI 4 and a third part 53. The second part 42 comprises the display of a 3D geographical map. A geographic area 521 is selected as described next to step 32 and highlighted with lighter colors than the rest of the geographic map. The third part 53 corresponds to a graphic representation in the form of a radar diagram for immediate highlighting of the scores calculated for each of the first groups of indicators, with automatic highlighting of the strong points, weak points and improvement of the selected geographical area 421.

Claims (14)

Data processing method, said method comprising the following steps:
- display (31), on a display screen, of a geographical map representative of a determined territory;
- selection (32) of a geographical area (421) on said displayed geographical map;
- evaluation (33) of said geographical area (421) from a set of data representative of said geographical area (421) and a set of indicators, said data being received from at least one storage space of data in the form of at least one data stream, said evaluation comprising the steps of:
● comparison (331), by at least one processor, of each datum of said set of data with reference data of at least one indicator of said set of indicators, said set of indicators comprising several first groups of indicators, each first group of indicators comprising several indicators;
● for each indicator of said set of indicators, determination (332), by said at least one processor, of a score based on the result of said comparison (331);
● for each first group of indicators, determination (333), by said at least one processor, of a score from the scores determined for each indicator of said first group of indicators;
● display (334), on said display screen, of a graphic representation (53) of the score determined for each first group of indicators. Method according to claim 1, for which the determination (333) of a score for each first group of indicators is also a function of a weighting coefficient associated with each indicator of said first group of indicators. Method according to claim 2, for which said weighting coefficient is determined by applying a multi-criteria hierarchy method. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, for which said evaluation (33) further comprises applying at least one geoprocessing function to at least part of the data of said set of data on said geographical area (421) before comparison with said reference data. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 4, for which the steps (331 to 334) included in the said evaluation of the geographical area (421) are executed again following a modification and/or an update of the said data representative of said geographical area. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 5, further comprising a step of recommending modification of at least part of said data representative of the geographical area (421) to increase at least one of the scores associated with the first groups of indicators . Method according to one of Claims 1 to 6, for which the said selection of the geographical area (421) comprises drawing a polygon on the said geographical map delimiting the said geographical area (421). Method according to one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising the steps of:
- generation of at least a second group of indicators comprising a plurality of indicators belonging to at least one of said first groups of indicators;
- determination of a score associated with said at least one second group of indicators from the scores determined for each indicator of said at least one second group of indicators;
- display of a graphic representation of the note determined for said at least one second group of indicators. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 8, for which the number of first groups of indicators is greater than or equal to 5 and the number of indicators is greater than or equal to 50. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 9, for which said comparison uses a correspondence table associating for each indicator a plurality of reference scores with the reference data of said indicator. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 10, further comprising a step of transmitting the scores determined for the said first groups of indicators. Method according to one of claims 1 to 11, further comprising a step of transmitting at least one request to receive at least part of the data associated with said geographical area (421). Data processing system (2) comprising a memory (21) associated with at least one processor (20) configured to implement the steps of the method according to one of Claims 1 to 12. Computer program product comprising instructions adapted for the execution of the steps of the method according to one of Claims 1 to 12, when the computer program is executed by at least one processor.