FR3091271A1 - MODULAR WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM - Google Patents

Abstract

Modular waste management system. The invention relates to a modular management system for one or more independent waste streams, which finds application in the selective collection, grinding and segmented storage of waste containing different types of material, such as glass, paper. or cardboard, plastic, steel, aluminum. The system comprises, for each given flow and independently and distinct from the other flows: - an inlet mouth E1 allowing the introduction of bulk waste, provided with shutter means T1 which can take a closed position and an open position allowing respectively the closing and opening of the inlet mouth, - a storage chamber CS1 of crushed waste, - a grinding chamber CB1 arranged between the inlet mouth and the storage chamber and comprising motorized means for mechanical grinding allowing grinding, destined for the storage chamber, the waste received by the input loop. The system also includes means for actuating the grinding means, means 13 for identifying the type of waste, one or more sensors 5, 6, 7, 15, 16 of information relating to the environment and / or to the operation of the system, and electronic automatic control means 10 connected to the identification means, information sensors, shutter means and actuation means, the control means being configured to control the passage of the shutter means in one or other of the open or closed positions, and activate or deactivate the actuation means, according to at least one piece of information received from the identification means and / or from at least one of the sensors information. Figure for the abstract: Fig. 1

Description

Description

Title of the invention: MODULAR WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

The present invention relates to a modular management system for one or more independent waste streams. It finds in particular an application to selective collective management, crushing and storage in a segmented manner of waste containing different types of material. The field of the invention is therefore that of the selective collective management of products for which it is known to separate at source several streams of waste to be recycled, and for example, for information, the following independent streams: a stream for the glass, a flow for paper or cardboard, a flow for plastics, a flow for steel, a flow for aluminum, a flow for Tetrapak © type products.

The invention is situated in a global context, in which the degradation of the environment on a local, regional, national or global scale is endogenous to human activities.

Some countries make very strong commitments in terms of easily achievable ambitious approach and objectives, the only limits concerning the lack of individual and collective will in the face of solutions that could arise to meet the challenges facing humanity .

The energy transition concerns the circular economy and more particularly the management of household waste. The present invention aims to 'provide unparalleled solutions for the fight against climate change and social inequalities.

Waste constitutes an environmental, societal and financial cost which will be less and less bearable for communities in arrears of financing.

This cost borne by the taxpayer, is estimated at more than 17 billion euros per year with an increase of 6% / year at constant deposit or 47 million tonnes / year

This process also makes it possible to reduce the negative impact on the environment and health by avoiding incineration and landfill storage.

Each year, for a territory such as that of Erance alone, nearly 40 million tonnes of household waste are produced, and almost 24 million tonnes of waste are incinerated and stored, which has the effect of significant increase in cancers for populations near these centers and global warming. In addition, this pollution of very harmful components greatly degrades the air quality by methane, dioxin, hydrochloric acid, etc. emissions. To this is added pollution of water, agricultural land, rivers, oceans, degraded balances in these oceans. This ecological crisis constitutes a time bomb.

The question of controlling the production of household waste and managing its disposal is at the heart of consumer and environmental issues. The population of a territory is generally subject to taxes relating to the management of household waste, the amount of which keeps increasing from year to year.

We can see that, in a country like France for example, only one third of household waste is recovered. The other two-thirds are either stored or incinerated with all the catastrophic consequences for our planet, our health, and the future of future generations.

A real waste vacuum cleaner, an incinerator is built to operate with a constant amount of waste, failing which the operating costs increase and the operator passes these costs on to the bill of the users, often grouped in administrative communities.

Indebted over long years to bear the costs of construction and maintenance of an incineration plant, such collectivity must also ensure optimal filling of the ovens, by multiplying the sources of waste: ordinary industrial waste, hospital waste and waste from other territories. The choice of incineration is therefore irreversible and therefore constitutes a real brake on the reduction of waste at source and the development of recycling.

Since the early 2000s, smoke emission standards have limited the discharge of certain pollutants (around ten, including a family of dioxins) but without eliminating them. For the other pollutants, more than a thousand, no measurement or control system is yet mandatory.

In addition, incinerators only reduce the visible volume of our waste by 70%, but increase their toxicity. For a tonne of incinerated waste, 6,000 m3 of pollutant-laden fumes are released into the air, and about 350 kg of toxic solid residues, as well as contaminated liquid effluents.

Many incinerators have energy production systems, improperly qualified as renewable energy, on the pretext that it results in 50% of the combustion of biomass (bio-waste, paper, wood). This waste mainly contains water and can only burn thanks to the presence of non-renewable materials derived from petroleum, such as plastics.

The different pollutants emitted by incineration are found in the environment by different routes. Part of these chemicals is bioaccumulated, that is, they are integrated as they are by natural elements which then become sources of potential contamination for humans.

For some pollutants, such as dioxins, several scientists insist that it is not the dose that makes the poison, but the duration of the exposure. Standards, however strict they may be, are certainly necessary but far from sufficient.

In household waste landfills, it is the decomposition of bio-waste that generates, on contact with other waste, the main pollution

Biowaste stored in landfill lockers more or less quickly release the water they contain. These juices, which are mixed with rainwater percolating from the surface of the lockers, are called leachate. They concentrate the pollutants and toxic substances contained in mixed waste, in particular heavy metals. Leachate is a threat to soil and water resources:

Some storage centers are not equipped with protective membranes at the bottom of the lockers, the leachate therefore penetrates directly into the ground and can reach a water table, thus polluting the water resource.

For landfills which have a protective membrane disposed in the bottom of the lockers, this membrane can limit soil pollution by leachate at the start of the life of the landfill but not in the long term. There is no synthetic material with an infinite lifespan. Also, even if a membrane is installed, the pollution is simply displaced in time.

Leaches of leachate laden with pollutants and toxic substances can therefore occur in the environment around the landfill site, endangering plants, animals that ingest them and, at the top of the food chain, man. Humans are more directly affected when the landfill is located near a water table supplying the population with drinking water.

The decomposition of bio-waste landfilled also produces biogas, mainly composed of methane. The law obliges operators to set up systems to capture this gas. However, these systems are only partially effective and some of the gases escape into the atmosphere. The captured and unused biogas is burned in flares, for which the regulations are not very demanding, causing in the air the release of fumes in which disappear pollutants, in particular heavy metals.

The compaction of landfilled waste causes the fermentation of bio-waste in an oxygen-free environment, thus creating conditions favorable for the emission of methane into the atmosphere. This gas has a global warming power 25 times greater than that of CO2. There is an urgent need today to reduce our greenhouse gas emissions. Removing bio-waste from storage centers would help limit our impact on climate change.

There are capture systems to partially recover the methane emitted by landfills and prevent it from dispersing into the atmosphere. Some have even made a real business of it by developing bioreactors, which are nothing more or less than landfills in which methane production is intensified. If the quantities of methane captured are sufficient, it can be converted into electricity. However, this is a curative means that will not solve the problem, because it limits the impacts but does not act at the source. It is therefore more sustainable to opt for preventive means, that is to say, tools allowing to no longer bury bio-waste. This is, moreover, the orientation that is set by the European Union.

On the strength of all of these observations, it seems that there is a need for systems making it possible to provide effective solutions for sorting or compacting.

However, given the great disparity of users and their specific needs, the solutions that seem to exist provide very little efficiency in terms of quality and quantity to resolve the problem of the impact on our described environment. upper.

The proposed invention makes it possible to provide a complete solution on the value chain. Indeed, the system of the invention is modular according to the different needs of a large number of users, and makes it possible to manage from one to several waste streams. In addition, given the complexity and nature of the waste streams, it is necessary to allow users to take full charge of the management process.

This modulation allows adaptation to an entire population of users: industries, businesses, public or private establishments, etc. The global and modular system of the invention is able to provide securing both users and all waste streams without the risk of mixing between these streams.

The invention thus relates to an automatic modular manager for recognizing waste materials, for the selective collection, grinding and storage in a segmented manner of several types of material.

The field of the invention is therefore that of the selective collective management of waste for which it is known to separate at source several streams of material to be recycled, and for example, for information, the following independent streams: the glass, paper or cardboard, plastics, steel, aluminum, or Tetrapak © type products.

These different flows are stored individually in respective containers, such as in the different trash compartments (compartmentalized or not).

At regular times, typically weekly, collection vehicles collect these different flows, respectively in the various vehicle compartments, and send them to a recycling treatment site where these flows are processed and can be valued.

The invention was born from the observations presented above as well as from the observation by the inventor that this motorized collection constitutes both a cost item which cannot be born for the communities which bears the burden and a degradation of Γ environment.

The objective is to propose a modular management system allowing both personalization according to a large multitude of users, to improve the qualitative and quantitative aspect of the waste favoring the convergence of a waste stage towards a stage secondary materials, thanks to a material recognition system, to reduce the frequency of these motorized pickups, by reducing at source the volume of waste to be collected.

According to the inventor's findings, there is a great disparity between users and their specific needs. The existing solutions bring very little efficiency in terms of quality and quantity, making it possible to solve the problem of financial and environmental impact described above.

The purpose of this invention is to provide a complete solution across the entire value chain, by proposing a modular selective waste management and grinding system with on-board technology in order to optimize collection. and waste treatment, based on a wide variety of users with different needs.

The on-board technology system initially makes it easier to support the user in an optimum security framework for use by the general public, and then grinding and storing the different treated materials separately.

Another object of the present invention is to provide such a system which is simple, robust in design, with a controlled cost price.

One of the aims of the invention is therefore to solve the aforementioned problems in particular.

The invention thus relates to a modular management system for one or more independent streams of waste, making it possible to selectively collect, grind and store said streams independently, the system comprising, for each given stream and so independent and distinct from other flows:

an inlet mouth allowing the introduction of bulk waste, provided with shutter means which can take a closed position and an open position allowing respectively the shutter and the opening of the inlet mouth,

- a storage room for crushed waste,

- a grinding chamber disposed between the inlet mouth and the storage chamber and comprising motorized grinding means making it possible to grind, destined for the storage chamber, the waste received by the inlet mouth.

The system also comprises means for actuating the grinding means, means for identifying the type of waste, one or more information sensors relating to the environment and / or the operation of the system, and electronic means for automatic control connected to identification means, information sensors, shutter means and actuation means.

The control means are configured to control the passage of the shutter means in one or the other of the open or closed positions, and activate or deactivate the actuation means, according to at least one piece of information. received from the identification means and / or from at least one of the information sensors.

According to certain embodiments, the system further comprises one or more of the following characteristics, taken in isolation or in any technically possible combination:

the system comprises an information sensor relating to the presence of a user in the vicinity, the control means being configured to authenticate a user detected by said sensor, and to authorize or not the passage of the shutter means in the open position , and / or authorize or not the activation of the actuation means, according to the authentication of the user;

the system comprises a sensor for information relating to the closing of the inlet mouth by the shutter means, the control means being configured to transmit an alert, via communication means, when the inlet mouth n 'is not closed by the shutter means and that the actuating means are not activated;

- the control means are configured to switch the shutter means from the open position to the closed position after a determined time;

- the system comprises a reservoir in communication with the inlet mouth and the grinding chamber;

the reservoir comprises a container in communication with the inlet mouth and a lower part, for example of the duct type, of waste passage section smaller than the waste passage section of the container, connecting the container to the grinding chamber , so as to prevent a user from accessing the grinding system with an upper limb;

the system comprises a sensor for the level of waste in the tank, and the control means are connected to the level sensor and configured to control the shutter means and / or the actuation means according to information from level received from the level sensor;

the storage chamber comprises a removable receiving container, and means of access to the receiving container so as to allow the withdrawal of this container towards the outside of the system, and the introduction of the container inside the system ;

the system comprises a level sensor of ground waste received in the receiving container, the control means being connected to the level sensor and configured to control the shutter means and / or the actuation means according to a level information received from the level sensor;

the system comprises means for transmitting an alert, for example by telephone call or by sending an electronic message, connected to the control means, and these control means are configured to trigger the emission of an alert by the means for issuing an alert when the level information received from the level sensor of crushed waste received in the container, by the control means, exceeds a determined threshold;

the system comprises a first sensor for the presence of a receiving container in the storage chamber, having a security function, the control means being connected to the first presence sensor and configured to control the means for closing off and / or the actuation means as a function of presence information received from the first presence sensor;

the grinding means comprise grinding members, and scraping members capable of recovering the waste originating from, and / or trapped in the grinding members, and of returning them to these grinding members in order to regrind them, before the crushed waste is received in the storage room;

the actuating means comprise an electric grinding motor, preferably a single one, and the grinding members are integral with, and distributed along, at least two grinding rotation shafts, at least one of which is driven by the motor , and at least a second is driven by the first, the two shafts simultaneously passing through all of the grinding chambers;

- the scraping members are integral with, and distributed along, at least one scraper rotation shaft driven by at least one of the two grinding rotation shafts, and simultaneously passing through all of the grinding chambers, the shaft scraper rotation being disposed under the two scraper rotation shafts;

the system comprises a second presence sensor, such as a video camera, making it possible to detect the presence of a person near the system, the control means being connected to the second presence sensor, so as to be able to detect acts deterioration or improper use of the system, in particular the illegal dumping of waste near the system;

- The system comprises at least one reservoir of disinfectant product connected to the inlet mouth by a conduit, so as to allow the injection, for example by spraying, of the disinfectant product into the inlet mouth;

the system comprises an information sensor relating to the level of product in the disinfectant product reservoir, connected to the control means, said control means being configured to issue an alert when the level detected by the level sensor is less than one determined level, so as to allow the emission of an alert, for example by telephone call or electronic message, intended for a maintenance service;

- The system includes an interface, such as a touch screen, controlled by the control means, said control means being configured to allow transmission via the user assistance information and messaging messages. error, and to allow a user to select a gratuity partner for whom a reduction coupon or a purchase coupon, physical or virtual, can be issued respectively by printing or by electronic transmission;

the system comprises means for reading an identifier, such as a bar code or a QR-code, located on a waste to be introduced into the system, and / or means for recognizing the nature of a waste to enter into the system, connected to the control means, and these control means are configured to transmit an identifier read by the reading means to a remote database, so as to allow the quantification of the different types of waste introduced into the system , and the frequency of introduction of these different types of waste introduced into the system, by incrementation in said associated database.

Such a system is intended to equip at the source, that is to say upstream of the motorized collection, in particular all individuals, for example at the feet of buildings, in order to reduce the management costs of waste. It is also intended to equip commercial, hospital, school, business, collective catering, on construction sites, in airport, railway stations, in navigation, on the edge of beaches, campsites, leisure centers such as for example amusement park.

Such a system greatly facilitates the transition from the waste stage to the secondary materials stage by the selective collection of products, then makes it possible to reduce the volume of each flow of products, and to store the flow of crushed materials, without risk of mixing between the different flows of products collected.

The characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the description which follows, given only by way of example and not limiting, with reference to the following appended figures:

[Fig.l] schematic representation of a system according to the invention,

[Fig-2] schematic overall view in section of a system according to the invention according to one embodiment;

[Fig.3] schematic sectional view along a vertical plane, illustrating the different chambers and mouths of the device, respectively for the loading of material to be treated, for intermediate grinding, and for the storage of ground material;

[Fig-4] sectional view along a horizontal plane, illustrating an embodiment with two counter-rotating shafts and the different grinding members carried by these shafts of the mechanical grinding means;

[Fig-5] detailed diagram illustrating the staggered and tangled arrangement of the grinding members carried by the two shafts of rotation of the mechanical grinding means;

[Fig.6] view according to a sectional plane, of a storage chamber illustrating a double bottom intended to trap the residual liquids;

[Fig.7] view along a vertical section plane and perpendicular to the rotation shafts, grinding means, illustrating the presence of a scraper;

[Fig.8] schematically represented an example of a scraper.

The system allows, upstream, the recognition of the user for access control, by means which can be located either on the system itself or at the entrance of a room intended to receive the system, for improved user and material security. Access control can be performed by means of a badge read by a badge reader, or by entering a code on a numeric keypad, or by a combination of the two.

Support for the user by an automated system with identification of persons authorized to access either the premises of the system or directly to the system itself, also makes it possible to prevent unauthorized persons from using the system.

The system of the invention also allows, once the user is authorized, the start / stop of the actuating means. This automatic management of the actuation means makes it possible not only to limit the energy consumption, the overheating of the electrical equipment, or even the premature wear of the system and therefore the maintenance costs, but also to determine a duration of grinding by a timing system.

The security and user identification system is supplemented by sensors having different functions, for example: sensors for the presence of containers or storage bins; storage tank level sensors.

The presence sensors of the trays of final products, located under the grinding chambers, allow when these trays are removed from their location at the time of emptying, that a person can access the grinding means from below while avoiding any serious risk of accident.

The level sensors of the storage tanks, located below the grinding chambers, have a double function: to stop the complete grinding process to avoid saturation in the event of too high level of ground product in one of the tanks; allow the control means on board the system to alert the people in charge of emptying these bins, these alerts can be transmitted by messaging or telephone.

A video camera located near the system or the room in which the system is located, controlled by the control means, makes it possible to detect the presence of an unauthorized user or person. This additional device makes it possible in particular to identify people depositing waste on the ground without using the system, leaving this untreated waste unclaimed, and to recognize those responsible for any damage or improper use.

Thus, an authorized user such as a concierge can, for example, connect to the control means via a computer, and view the video stream transmitted by the video camera to the control means, to exercise quality control, to view behaviors. improper use or degradation of the system, such as the illegal dumping of waste near the system. He can then identify a responsible person and take appropriate action, such as imposing a fine.

After authentication of the user as explained above, the latter can present his waste before means of identifying the type of waste, for the recognition of the materials included in this waste. Once the material has been identified, the control means open the hatches associated with the inlet openings corresponding to each flow. Once the waste has been introduced, the doors close automatically thanks to a time delay controlled by the control means. This timing system notably prevents the user from inadvertently introducing waste which does not correspond to the mouth concerned.

These hatches not only prevent flow mixes, but also prevent the user from entering his hands or objects that could damage the system. Provision may also be made for the system to be provided with labels indicating the nature of the flow concerned next to each sensor, in order to intuitively accelerate use.

Preferably, a sensor is provided for detecting the non-closing of a hatch. Thus, in the absence of a hatch or deterioration thereof leading to the no-closing of the corresponding inlet mouth, the sensor detects the situation. The control means are connected to this sensor, and collects the information. An alert can then be sent by the control means, for example to a maintenance service, by means of communication means making it possible in particular to make telephone calls or electronic messages.

The system being modular, it responds to the great diversity of user needs. It includes a loading tank located above each grinding chamber, making it possible to increase the volume to be treated before grinding, but also, given its dimensions, to provide additional security by avoiding any direct contact with the grinding means in the event of failure of the hatch closing system.

The system can receive a multitude of household flows or waste, these being inherently dirty. Also, it can be provided with a cleaning device, for example by periodic spraying, managed by the on-board control means. This cleaning device comprises at least one tank filled with a disinfectant liquid, and a level sensor for this tank. The disinfectant is brought to each inlet mouth from the reservoir via a conduit, and injected, for example by spraying, independently into each inlet mouth. The level sensor is used to alert the person or persons authorized to top up with cleaning or disinfectant products, via the control means to which it is connected. This automatic alert, supported by the system, can be obtained by making a phone call or sending an e-mail message. Cleaning also eliminates bad odors, and reduces the risk of attracting harmful animals or insects.

Some commercial distributors have an environmental approach aimed at promoting citizen behavior of the consumer. Also, the system can be equipped with an interface, such as a touch screen, offering a menu in which Γ user can choose a commercial distributor, or gratuity partner, offering either a reduction or a voucher, as a reward sorting gesture, this gratuity being generated by the system of the invention, for example in the form of a physical ticket or a virtual ticket sent to the user by electronic means. This makes the system of the invention interactive. Once the commercial distributor has been chosen, the system prints directly, using an integrated printer, or remotely, the reduction coupon or the purchase coupon, or sends the latter electronically to Γ user, who can then claim it at the commercial distributor in question.

The system can be provided with means for recognizing consumed products, which is particularly useful for certain users such as non-professional users. These resources are linked to a knowledge database of the materials used, processed by the system which will be geolocated. For example, for plastics, the number of products processed using the geolocalized system, comprising PET, HDPE, PP, can be analyzed. This knowledge makes it possible to personalize the system and to make it evolve according to its use.

Thus, the system integrates the following automatic controls:

- automatic material recognition,

- automatic opening / closing of the shutters of the inlet openings, - presence of the shutters; alert of absence or deterioration transmitted by telephone call and / or electronic messaging, in particular to a maintenance service,

- level of crushed products received in the storage rooms; level alert transmitted by telephone call and / or electronic messaging,

- video control, - access control, - control of the presence of the trays for receiving crushed products in the grinding chambers.

The system also integrates the following user assistance functions and communication interface with the user, for example via a touch screen,

In general, and as illustrated in the various figures, in particular embodiments with a five-stream system, the modular management system for one or more independent streams of waste, makes it possible to selectively collect, independently grind and store these streams.

This system according to the invention comprises, for each given stream and independently and distinct from the other streams:

- an inlet mouth E1 to E5 allowing the introduction of bulk waste and provided with sealing means such as hatches T1 to T5 which can take a closed position and an open position allowing respectively the closing and opening of the corresponding inlet mouth E1 to E5,

- a storage chamber CS1 to CS5 of crushed waste,

a grinding chamber CB1 to CB5 disposed between the inlet mouth E1 to E5 and the storage chamber CS1 to CS5 and comprising motorized mechanical grinding means 2, 3, 17, 21 to 25, 31 to 35 making it possible to grind , to the corresponding storage chamber CS1 to CS5, the waste received by the inlet mouth El to E5.

Actuating means, such as a motor M, are provided to allow actuation of the grinding means 2, 3, 17, 18, 21 to 25, 31 to 35.

The system also includes means 13 for identifying the type of waste, sensors 5, 6, 7, 15, 16, 36 of information relating to the environment and / or the operation of the system, and electronic means for automatic control 10.

These control means 10 are connected to the identification means 13, to the information sensors 5, 6, 7, 15, 16, 36 to the shutter means T1 to T5 and to the actuation means M, and are configured to control the passage of the shutter means Tl to T5 in either of the open or closed positions, and to activate or deactivate the actuation means M, as a function of at least one information received from the identification means 13 and / or at least one of the information sensors 5, 6, 7, 15, 16, 36.

Preferably, the control means 10 are configured to control the actuation means M according to a programmed curve of acceleration of the motor M, so that this motor the motor starts at a reduced speed and then accelerates to a speed limit according to this acceleration curve. This avoids a blockage of the grinding means which would be due to a motor speed M too high at start-up. In addition, this promotes disengaging of the motor in the event of the grinding system jamming.

For each input mouth E1 to E5, one of the information sensors is a first presence sensor 16, capable of detecting information relating to the presence of a user nearby. The control means 10 are configured to authenticate a user detected by this first presence sensor 16, and to authorize or not the passage of the hatches T1 to T5 in the open position, by acting for example on means of the servo-motor type, and / or authorize or not the start-up of the actuation means M, according to the authentication of the user.

As mentioned above, provision is made for a delay in the opening of the hatches T1 to T5. The control means 10 are thus configured to pass the hatches T1 to T5 from the open position to the closed position after a determined time.

A reservoir 11 is provided for each stream, in communication with the corresponding inlet mouth El to E5, and the corresponding grinding chamber CB1 to CB5.

This reservoir 11, in a particular embodiment, takes the form of a pipe 11, with container 1a at the top, in communication with the corresponding inlet mouth E1 to E5, and a conduit 11b of dimensions more restricted than those of the container 11a, thus offering a waste passage section smaller than that of the container 11a, and connecting this container 11a at the bottom to the corresponding grinding chamber CB 1 to CB 5.

For each inlet mouth El to E5, one of the information sensors is a sensor 36 for information relating to the non-sealing of the inlet mouth El to E5 by the corresponding hatch T1 to T5. The control means 10 are connected to the sensor 36 and are configured to send an alert, via communication means, when the inlet mouth El to E5 is not blocked by the corresponding hatch T1 to T5 and the means d actuation M (motor M) is not activated. The alert can be sent by the control means, for example to a maintenance service, in the form for example of a telephone call or an electronic message sent by the communication means controlled by the control means 10.

Thus, in the absence of the corresponding Tl to T5 hatch or of deterioration thereof causing the non-closing of the corresponding inlet mouth El to E5, the sensor 36 detects the situation, and the services are warned by reception of the alert generated by the control means 36.

For each inlet El to E5, one of the information sensors is a sensor 5 for the level of waste in the tank 11. The control means 10 are connected to this level sensor 5, and are configured for control the hatches T1 to T5 and / or the actuating means M as a function of level information received from the level sensor 5.

On the side of the storage chambers CS1 to CS5, each of these comprises a removable receiving container Cl to C5, such as a drawer or a tray Cl to C5 capable of sliding in the storage chamber CS1 to CS5 corresponding, and means of access to the receiving container C1 to C5 so as to allow the withdrawal thereof towards the outside of the system, and its introduction inside the system.

For each inlet El to E5, one of the information sensors is a sensor 6 of the level of crushed waste received in the corresponding reception container Cl to C5. The control means 10 are connected to this level sensor 6, and configured to control the hatches T1 to T5 and / or the actuation means M as a function of level information received from the level sensor 6.

In addition, as a function of the information received from the sensor 6, the control means 10 can issue alerts, via communication means as mentioned above, intended for a maintenance service.

For each inlet El to E5, another of the information sensors is a sensor 7 for the presence of a receiving container Cl to C5 in the corresponding storage chamber CS1 to CS5. The control means 10 are connected to this presence sensor 7, and configured to control the hatches T1 to T5 and / or the actuation means M as a function of presence information received from this presence sensor 7.

As illustrated in particular in FIG. 4, 6 and 8, the grinding means 2, 3, 17, 18, 21 to 25, 31 to 35 comprise, on the one hand, grinding members 21 to 25, 31 to 35, and scraping members 17 (visible only in FIG. 7) capable of recovering the waste originating from, and / or trapped in, the grinding members 21 to 25, 31 to 35 and of returning them to these members 21 to 25, 31 to 35) to regrind them, before the crushed waste is received in the corresponding storage chamber CS1 to CS5.

An example of a scraping member 17 is illustrated more precisely in FIG. 8.

The great diversity of waste, by its nature and composition, makes it very difficult to treat in a modular system according to the invention. This scraping member 17 allows refining of the crushed materials, increasing the interest of the system for recycling industrialists. The structure of the scraper teeth 17 is more aggressive than that of the grinding members 21 to 25, 31 to 35. The scraper 17 makes it possible to prevent certain materials from passing too quickly in the storage chambers CS1 to CS5, in redirecting them to the grinding members 21 to 25, 31 to 35. In addition, the scraper 17 makes it possible to prevent certain materials such as the plastic films, un or badly ground, from being trapped between the teeth of the grinding members 21 to 25, 31 to 35, which could block the whole system.

The actuation means M include an electric motor M for grinding. The grinding members 21 to 25, 31 to 35 are integral with, and distributed along, at least two grinding rotation shafts 2, 3, driven by the motor M and simultaneously passing through all of the grinding chambers CB1 to CB5.

These grinding rotation shafts 2, 3 can be fixed to the frame or casing of the system by supports 19, 20.

As explained above, an acceleration curve of the engine M managed by the control means 10 makes it possible to avoid excess power at start-up. This also favors declutching, thus avoiding the blocking of the process.

The actuating means also include an electric scraper motor (which may or may not be the same as the electric grinding motor M). The scraping members 17 are integral with, and distributed along, at least one scraper rotation shaft 18 driven by the motor and simultaneously passing through all of the grinding chambers CB1 to CB5. The scraper rotation shaft 18 is arranged under the scraper rotation shaft 2 or 3.

The different mouths El to E5, reservoirs 11, and chambers CB 1 to CB5 and CS1 to CS5, and in general the different components of these chambers, are arranged in parallel for each flow. These chambers can be obtained within the casing 10, by different internal separations at the casing 10.

The whole number of chambers CB1 to CB5 and CS1 to CS5, of mouths El to E5 and of reservoirs 11, and in general the number of the different components of these chambers, corresponds to the number of product streams to be treated separately, and can typically be between 1 and 8 (5 in the nonlimiting examples shown in Figures 2 to 5). Thus each inlet Ei, grinding chamber CBi and associated storage chamber CSi, is intended respectively for the collection, grinding and storage of a specific product flow.

For example, for information only:

- the inlet mouth El (and its loading pipe 11), the grinding chamber CBI and the associated storage chamber CSI, can be intended for the collection of PET plastic only;

- the inlet mouth E2 (and its loading pipe 11), the grinding chamber CB2 and the associated storage chamber CS2, can be intended for the collection of steel only;

- the inlet mouth E3 (and its loading pipe 11), the grinding chamber CB3 and the associated storage chamber CS3, can be intended for collecting glass only;

- the inlet mouth E4 (and its loading pipe 11), the grinding chamber CB4 and the associated storage chamber CS4, can be intended for the collection of aluminum only;

- the inlet mouth E5 (and its loading pipe 11), the grinding chamber CB5 and the associated storage chamber CS5, can be intended for the collection of papers only.

Three other flows, to bring the number of flows to 8, can be provided, with the same configuration: one intended for the collection of HDPE only, one intended for the collection of cardboard only, and one intended for the collection of Tetrapak © type products.

According to one embodiment, the actuation means M comprise a gearmotor M, preferably unique for the purpose of cost reduction.

As mentioned above, the grinding members 21 to 25 and 31 to 35 are supplemented by scraping members 17, typically a scraper 17, preferably with teeth whose shape and distribution give this scraper a shape. of a star-shaped assembly as illustrated in Figure 8.

In the example of Figures 4, 6 and 8, the two rotation shafts 2, 3 are driven in counter-rotating directions of rotation and so as to grind the products in each of the grinding chambers CB1 to CB5, by l 'joint action of the grinding members 21 to 25, 31 to 35, counter-rotating, carried by these two rotation shafts 2, 3.

The grinding members marked 2i and 3i in FIG. 5, carried respectively by the rotation shafts 2 and 3, ensure the grinding of the materials in the corresponding grinding chamber CBi. Thus and in the example of FIG. 4 in particular, the grinding members marked 21.31 carried respectively by the rotation shafts 2 and 3 ensure the grinding in the first grinding chamber CBI, the grinding members marked 22, 32 carried respectively by the rotation shafts 2 and 3, ensure the grinding in the grinding chamber CB2, etc ...

In each grinding chamber CBi, the grinding members 2i and 3i can be staggered on the two rotation shafts 2 and 3, and so as to ensure the entanglement of the grinding members 2i and 3i, such as 'illustrated by way of nonlimiting example in Figure 5, or in Figure 7. The grinding members may take the form each of toothed crown (crown having teeth on its periphery forming knives), in material having undergone a treatment allowing better resistance and thus ensuring better longevity.

The grinding members 21 to 25, 31 to 35, respectively present in the different grinding chambers CBI to CB5, can be made of different materials (metal, plastic, etc.) and / or have dimensions and / or different conformations. The choice of the characteristics of these grinding members 21 to 25, 31 to 35 depends on the material contained in the flux to be ground in the corresponding grinding chamber CBi.

For example, for the grinding of metallic materials (metal preserves or aluminum cans), glass, or even for the grinding of plastic materials, use is preferably made of metal grinding members having undergone a specific treatment, or a specific steel, and where appropriate with dimensions and conformations (in particular the toothing) specific to the ground material.

For materials that are easier to grind, such as paper or even cardboard, it is possible to use grinding members made of hard plastic, at least in part, with the aim of reducing costs.

Advantageously, and as illustrated in an example in FIG. 2, each storage chamber CS1 to CS5 can have a window F, transparent or translucent, allowing the internal filling level of the storage chamber CS1 to be known. CS5 corresponding, that is to say the filling level of the container C1 to C5 corresponding. These windows F, present on a visible face of the system, therefore allow a visual control of the filling level of the different storage chambers CS1 to CS5 from the outside, without having to remove the corresponding removable container C1 to C5.

All or part of the storage chambers CS1 to CS5 may have, as shown for information in Figure 6, a double bottom intended to trap residual liquids. A cavity is thus formed between the sealed bottom of the corresponding container C1 to C5, and a perforated upper wall kept at a distance from the sealed bottom and the openings of which are intended to be crossed by liquids. These openings are however sufficiently small so as to retain the shredded material. A sealed bottom opening, closed by a removable plug, can empty trapped liquids through a gravity system.

As mentioned above, each inlet mouth E1 to E5 authorizes loading with corresponding waste, only after the waste stream has been identified by the control means 10 which controls the timed opening and closing of the Tl to T5 associated hatches, which prevents mixing.

To provide an additional level of security to users, once the control means 10 have been closed, the hatches T1 to T5 prohibit any insertion of a member towards the corresponding grinding chamber CB 1 to CB5. This security is reinforced by the presence of the shape of the corresponding loading pipe 11 (configuration and dimensions).

As mentioned above, the system can receive a multitude of flows of household waste, these being inherently unsuitable. The system is therefore equipped with cleaning means, for example by periodic spraying, managed by the control means 10, at predefined frequencies as required. Reservoirs or tanks 4 are filled with a liquid or disinfectant product, and are provided with a level sensor (not shown in the figures), allowing the emission of alerts as explained previously and further specified below. . Each loading pipe 11 contains a sprayer connected to the reservoir 4. The disinfectant is brought to each inlet mouth El to E5 from the reservoir 4 via a conduit, and injected, for example by spraying, independently into each inlet mouth El to E5. The control means 10 initiate injection, for example spraying, by acting on means of the solenoid valve type.

The level sensor is connected to the control means 10. When the control means 10 receive from the level sensor level information that is too low in the tank 4, the person or persons authorized to top up the products with cleaning or disinfectant are alerted by an alert issued by the control means 10. This automatic alert, supported by the system, can be obtained by sending a telephone call or sending an electronic message.

The control means 10, via an integrated communication system, are therefore configured to generate and send a certain number of information and alerts, intended for example to persons in charge of maintenance. As already explained above, for example, in the event of too low a level of product in the tanks 4, or else in the event of saturation of one or more reception containers C1 to C5 in the storage chambers CS1 to CS5, a alert is transmitted by telephone or by electronic message (SMS, email, etc.).

Each storage chamber CS1 to CS5 can be provided, inside, with a drip device 8 allowing the residual flows not to contaminate the waste. Means of gravity can also be provided from the drainer 8 to a drain provided with a siphon 9.

In order to further improve the modulation according to the needs of the users, and to reduce the costs of acquisition of the system by these users, it is relevant to quantify the type of product entering the system and to increment a library or associated database. A device can thus be provided on the front of the system, or close to it, to allow a user to pass an identifier, such as a bar code or a QR-code, located on the product, in front of a reader. The information thus detected is transmitted by the control means 10 to enrich said database. The system can also be equipped with product type recognition means making it possible in particular to qualify the frequency of passage of products of each type.

The system may include a user interface located near or on the device itself, and controlled by the control means 10, and means of communication with a central, remote server, in particular via the network. telephony. The user interface, for example of the touch screen type, makes it possible to provide users with user assistance information and error messages. It also allows users to choose a partner from whom they can claim the reduction coupon or the purchase coupon as presented above.

The system can be in the form of furniture and can have variable dimensions but preferably less than or equal to 220 cm x 220 cm x 100 cm (height, width, depth).

It is recalled that the present description is given by way of example and is not limitative of the invention.

Claims (1)

[Claim 1] [Claim 2] Claims Modular management system for one or more independent waste streams, making it possible to selectively collect, grind and store said streams independently, said system comprising, for each given stream and independently and distinct from other streams: - an inlet mouth (El to E5) allowing the introduction of bulk waste, provided with sealing means (Tl to T5) which can take a closed position and an open position allowing respectively the closing and the opening of the inlet mouth (El to E5), - a storage chamber (CS1 to CS5) of ground waste, - a grinding chamber (CB1 to CB5) disposed between the inlet mouth (El to E5) and the chamber storage (CS1 to CS5) and comprising motorized mechanical grinding means (2, 3, 17, 21 to 25, 31 to 35) making it possible to grind the waste received, destined for the storage chamber (CS1 to CS5) by the inlet mouth (El to E5), said system also comprising actuation means (M) grinding means (2, 3, 17, 18, 21 to 25, 31 to 35), characterized in that that it further comprises means of identification (13) of the type of waste, one or more sensors (5, 6, 7, 15, 16, 36) of information relating to the environment and / or to the functioning of the system, and D he automatic control electronic means (10) connected to the identification means (13), to the information sensors (5, 6, 7, 15, 16, 36), to the shutter means (T1 to T5) and to the actuation means (M), the control means (10) being configured to control the passage of the shutter means (Tl to T5) in either of the open or closed positions, and to activate or deactivate the actuation means (M), as a function of at least one piece of information received from the identification means (13) and / or at least one of the information sensors (5, 6, 7, 15, 16, 36 ). System according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a first sensor (16) for information relating to the presence of a user nearby, the control means (10) being configured to authenticate a user detected by said first presence sensor (16), and allow or not the passage of the shutter means (T1 to T5) in the open position, and / or allow or not the start of actuation means (M), depending on the authentication of the user. [Claim 3] System according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that it comprises a sensor (36) for information relating to the closing of the inlet mouth (El to E5) by the closing means (Tl to T5), the control means (10) being configured to transmit an alert, via communication means, when the inlet mouth (El to E5) is not closed by the shutter means (Tl to T5 ) and that the actuating means (M) are not activated. [Claim 4] System according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the control means (10) are configured to change the shutter means (T1 to T5) from the open position to the closed position after a determined time . [Claim 5] System according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises a reservoir (11) in communication with the inlet mouth (El to E5) and the grinding chamber (CB1 to CB5) [Claim 6] System according to claim 5, characterized in that the reservoir (11) comprises a container (1 la) in communication with the inlet mouth (El to E5) and a lower part (11b), for example of the duct type (11b ), of waste passage section smaller than the waste passage section of the container (lia), connecting the container (lia) to the grinding chamber (CB1 to CB5), so as to prevent a user from accessing the grinding system with an upper limb. [Claim 7] System according to any one of claims 5 and 6, characterized in that it comprises a sensor (5) of level of waste in the tank (11), and in that the control means (10) are connected to the sensor level (5) and configured to control the shutter means (Tl to T5) and / or the actuation means (M) according to level information received from the level sensor (5). [Claim 8] System according to any one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the storage chamber (CS1 to CS 5) comprises a removable receiving container (Cl to C5), and means of access to the receiving container (Cl to C5) so as to allow the withdrawal towards the outside of the system, and the introduction inside the system, of this container (Cl to C5). [Claim 9] System according to claim 8, characterized in that it comprises a sensor (6) of level of ground waste received in the container for receiving this container (Cl to C5), the control means (10) being connected to the level sensor (6) and configured to control the shutter means (T1 to T5) and / or the actuation means (M) based on level information received from the level sensor (6). [Claim 10] System according to claim 9, characterized in that it comprises means for transmitting an alert, for example by telephone call or by sending an electronic message, connected to the control means (10), and in that these control means (10) are configured to trigger the emission of an alert by the alert emission means when the level information received from the level sensor (6) of crushed waste received in the container (Cl to C5), by the control means (10), exceeds a determined threshold. [Claim 11] System according to any one of Claims 8 to 10, characterized in that it comprises a sensor (7) for the presence of a receiving container (Cl to C5) in the storage chamber (CS1 to CS5), the means control (10) being connected to the presence sensor (7) and configured to control the shutter means (Tl to T5) and / or the actuation means (M) according to presence information received from the sensor presence (7). [Claim 12] System according to any one of Claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the grinding means (2, 3, 17, 18, 21 to 25, 31 to 35) comprise grinding members (21 to 25, 31 to 35 ), and scraping members (17) capable of recovering the waste originating from, and / or trapped in, the grinding members (21 to 25, 31 to 35) and of returning them to these grinding members (21 to 25 , 31 to 35) to regrind them, before the crushed waste is received in the storage chamber (CS1 to CS5). [Claim 13] System according to claim 12, characterized in that the actuation means (M) comprise an electric grinding motor (M), and in that the grinding members (21 to 25, 31 to 35) are integral, and distributed along at least two grinding rotation shafts (2, 3) of which at least a first is driven by the motor (M) and at least a second is driven by the previous one, the two grinding rotation shafts ( 2, 3) simultaneously passing through all of the grinding chambers (CB1 to CB5). [Claim 14] System according to claim 13, characterized in that the scraping members (17) are integral with, and distributed along, at least one scraper rotation shaft (18) driven by at least one of the two grinding rotation shafts (2, 3), and simultaneously crossing all of the grinding chambers (CB1 to CB5), the scraper rotation shaft (18) being arranged under the two scraper rotation shafts (2, 3). [Claim 15] System according to any one of Claims 1 to 14, characterized in that it comprises a second presence sensor (15), such as a video camera, making it possible to detect the presence of a person near the system, the control means (10) being connected to the second presence sensor (15), so as to be able to detect acts of deterioration or improper use of the system, in particular the illegal dumping of waste near the system. [Claim 16] System according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that it comprises at least one reservoir (4) of disinfectant product connected to the inlet mouth (El to E5) by a conduit, so as to allow the injection, for example by spraying, of the disinfectant product into the inlet mouth (El to E5). [Claim 17] System according to claim 16, characterized in that it comprises an information sensor relating to the level of product in the reservoir (4) of disinfectant product, connected to the control means (10), said control means (10) being configured to issue an alert when the level detected by the level sensor is lower than a determined level, so as to allow the issuance of an alert, for example by telephone call or electronic message, to a maintenance service. [Claim 18] System according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that it comprises an interface, such as a touch screen, controlled by the control means (10), said control means (10) being configured to allow transmission via the user assistance information and error messages interface, and to allow a user to select a gratuity partner for which a reduction coupon or a purchase coupon, physical or virtual, can be issued respectively by printing or by electronic transmission. [Claim 19] System according to any one of Claims 1 to 18, characterized in that it comprises means for reading an identifier, such as a bar code or a QR-code, located on a waste to be introduced into the system, and / or means for recognizing the nature of a waste to be introduced into the system, connected to the control means (10), and in that the control means (10) are configured to transmit an identifier read by the means reading to a remote database, so as to allow the quantification of the different types of waste introduced into the system, and the frequency of introduction of these different types of waste introduced into the system, by incrementation in said associated database.