FR3088502A1 - ROTATING ELECTRIC MACHINE WITH A PHASE OUTPUT GUIDING COMB - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates mainly to a rotating electrical machine (10), in particular for a motor vehicle, comprising: - a phase connector (31) comprising individual connection lugs (35), each individual connection lug (35) being intended to be connected to a corresponding phase output (23), characterized in that said rotating electrical machine (10) further comprises at least one guide comb (41) for guiding phase outputs (23) towards the individual connection lugs (35) of the phase connector (31), - said guide comb (41) comprising at least one guide portion (42) associated with a phase output (23) and configured to angularly tilt the phase output (23) relative to an axis (X) of the rotating electric machine (10) in the direction of the corresponding individual connection lug (35).

Description

ROTATING ELECTRIC MACHINE WITH A PHASE OUTPUT GUIDING COMB

The present invention relates to a rotary electrical machine provided with a comb for guiding the phase outputs. The invention finds a particularly advantageous, but not exclusive, application with rotary electrical machines operating at least in alternator mode.

In a manner known per se, rotary electrical machines comprise a stator and a rotor secured to a shaft. The rotor may be integral with a driving and / or driven shaft. The stator is mounted in a casing comprising bearings configured to carry the shaft in rotation by means of bearings.

The rotor, for example with claws, comprises two pole wheels each having a transverse orientation flange provided at its outer periphery with claws of axial orientation. The claws of the pole wheels are nested relative to each other. A cylindrical core is interposed axially between the flanges of the wheels. This core carries an excitation winding making it possible to generate the north and south poles of the rotor when it is traversed by a current. The rotor can also take the form of a permanent magnet rotor.

Furthermore, the stator comprises a body constituted by a stack of thin sheets forming a crown, the inner face of which is provided with notches open inwardly for receiving phase windings. These windings pass through the notches in the stator body and form buns protruding from either side of the stator body. These phase windings have phase outputs electrically connected to a rectifier bridge.

This rectifier bridge comprises a first set of rectifier elements of positive polarity and a second set of rectifier elements of negative polarity, the bodies of which are respectively connected to ground and to a positive output terminal of the alternator.

A phase connector is used to electrically connect the phase outputs of the phase windings to the diodes of the rectifier bridge. To this end, as can be seen in FIG. 1, the connection between a phase output 1 and a connection terminal 2 of the connector can be carried out by means of electrodes 3 allowing electrical welds to be produced. Such a welding technique requires having sufficient space E around the connection terminals 2 for positioning the electrodes.

3.

However, on certain stator configurations, in particular those in which the phase windings are each formed from a single continuous wire, the phase outputs extend over a reduced angular sector. The space between two adjacent phase outputs is then insufficient to allow welding by means of the electrodes.

The invention aims to effectively remedy this drawback by proposing a rotary electrical machine, in particular for a motor vehicle, comprising:

- a bearing provided with a housing for receiving a bearing for the rotational mounting of a shaft,

a stator mounted in the bearing, said stator comprising a body and a winding having a plurality of phase outputs,

- a phase connector comprising individual connection tabs, each individual connection tab being intended to be connected to a corresponding phase output, characterized in that said rotary electrical machine furthermore comprises at least one guide comb for guiding outputs phases to the individual connection tabs of the phase connector,

- Said guide comb comprising at least one guide portion associated with a phase output and configured to angularly tilt the phase output relative to an axis of the rotary electric machine in the direction of the corresponding individual connection tab.

The invention thus makes it possible, thanks to the guide comb, to angularly separate the phase outputs from one another. There is thus sufficient space between the phase outputs at the phase connector to allow the passage of the electrodes in order to carry out the welds between the phase outputs and the individual connection tabs.

According to one embodiment, the guide comb comprises at least one pre-guiding portion located in an extension of the guide portion and configured to guide the phase output towards the guide portion.

According to one embodiment, a pre-guiding portion has a chamfered end.

According to one embodiment, the guide portion has an axis offset angularly relative to an axis of a cross section of the phase output produced at the output of the bun.

According to one embodiment, a dimension of a guide portion is larger than a diameter of the corresponding phase output.

According to one embodiment, the phase outputs extend along an angular sector of the order of 70 degrees at the output of the bun.

According to one embodiment, the phase outputs extend along an angular sector of between 80 and 100 degrees at the phase connector.

According to one embodiment, the guide comb has a symmetry with respect to a median plane of said guide comb.

According to one embodiment, the guide comb is integrated with a shutter intended to electrically isolate a heat sink with respect to the bearing.

According to one embodiment, the shutter comprises angular indexing pins relative to the bearing.

According to one embodiment, the shutter comprises at least one insulating barrel intended to isolate a fixing screw with respect to a heat sink.

According to one embodiment, the guide comb is integrated into the phase connector.

The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows and on examining the figures which accompany it. These figures are given only by way of illustration but in no way limit the invention.

FIG. 1, already described, is a front view of an electrical welding device comprising electrodes making it possible to perform electrical welding of a phase output to a connection terminal of a phase connector;

FIG. 2 represents a partial perspective view of the rear part of an alternator-starter according to the present invention without the protective cover;

Figure 3 shows a partial sectional view of the rear part of an alternator-starter according to the present invention;

Figure 4 shows a side view of a stator having phase outputs intended to be connected to a phase connector;

FIGS. 5a and 5b are perspective views, respectively from above and from below, of a shutter incorporating a comb for guiding the phase outputs according to the invention;

FIGS. 6a to 6c are views illustrating the various functionalities of the comb for guiding the phase outputs according to the invention;

Figure 7 is a sectional view showing the configuration of an insulating barrel of a shutter according to the invention;

Figure 8 is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the guide comb according to the invention integrated in a phase connector.

In FIGS. 2 to 8, identical, similar or similar elements retain the same reference from one figure to another.

Figures 2 and 3 show a rear part of an alternator 10 according to the invention located opposite a drive pulley. This alternator 10 is capable of operating at least in generator mode to supply power to the battery of the motor vehicle. In the case of an alternator starter, it can also operate in engine mode to ensure starting of the engine of the motor vehicle.

This alternator 10 comprises a rear bearing 11 provided with a housing 12 for receiving a bearing 13 for the rotational mounting of a shaft 15 carrying a rotor 16 of axis X corresponding to the axis of the electric machine. The rotor 16 is for example a claw rotor carrying a winding.

A stator 18 mounted in the rear bearing 11 comprises a body 17 constituted by a stack of thin sheets forming a crown, the inner face of which is provided with notches open inwards to receive a winding 19. This winding comprises windings of phases forming buns 20 projecting from either side of the stator 18, as shown in FIG. 4.

In the context of a star coupling, the phase windings each have a first end 21 connected to a neutral connector 22 to form at least one neutral point, in particular two neutral points in the case of a double three-phase type winding . These phase windings each have a second end 23, called phase output, electrically connected to a rectifier bridge 25, as shown in FIG. 2.

This rectifier bridge 25 comprises a first heat sink 26, said positive sink, carrying a first set of diodes 27 of positive polarity, as well as a second heat sink 28, said negative sink, carrying a second set of diodes 27 of negative polarity. The bodies of the diodes 27 of positive polarity are connected to the positive output terminal of the alternator 10 via the positive dissipator 26. A power terminal 29 connected to a positive terminal of the battery can either be located on one side or the other of the positive dissipator 26 as a function of the planned position, in the vehicle, of the cable connected to the battery. The bodies of the diodes 27 of negative polarity are connected to the ground of the alternator 10 via the negative dissipator 28. The bodies of the diodes 27 may for example be force-fitted inside correspondingly shaped openings in the dissipators. 26, 28.

In addition, a phase connector 31 makes it possible to electrically connect the phase outputs 23 of the winding 19 to the diodes 27 of the rectifier bridge 25. The heat sinks 26, 28 are positioned on either side of the phase connector 31. The diodes 27 of the heatsinks 26, 28 are mounted head to tail with respect to each other to facilitate connection with the phase connector 31. In order to avoid as much as possible heating of the diodes 27 of negative polarity, the negative heatsink 28 is the farthest axially of the rear bearing 11.

The phase connector 31, visible in FIGS. 2 and 8, comprises a body 33 in the general form of a plate of insulating material, overmolded on a set of conductors 34, in particular flat conductors. The ends of certain conductors project radially outward to form individual connection tabs 35. Each individual connection tab 35 is intended to be connected to a corresponding phase output 23. The ends of certain conductors projecting from the body 33 form connection tabs 36 intended to be each connected to a corresponding diode tail 27. The components of the rectifier bridge 25, namely the two heat sinks 26, 28 and the phase connector 31, are assembled by means of fixing members, for example studs studded, in order to form a compact assembly.

A shutter 38 of generally annular shape is mounted between the rear bearing 11 and the positive dissipator 26. The shutter 38 is intended to electrically isolate the positive dissipator 26 relative to the rear bearing 11. The shutter 38 cooperates with a protective cover 39 so as to avoid recirculation, towards the interior of the electric machine 10, of a flow of hot air leaving the machine 10.

As can be seen in FIGS. 2, 5a, and 5b, the shutter 38 incorporates a guide comb 41 from the phase outputs 23 to the individual connection tabs 35 of the phase connector 31.

More specifically, the guide comb 41 comprises guide portions 42 each associated with a phase output 23. At least one of the guide portions 42 is configured to angularly incline a phase output 23 relative to the axis X of the electric machine 10 in the direction of the corresponding connection lug 35. A phase output 23 thus forms a non-zero angle with respect to the axis X after passing through a guide portion 42. To this end, as illustrated by FIG. 6b, the guide portion 42 has an offset axis X1 angularly with respect to a vertical axis X2 of the transverse section of the phase outlet 23 produced at the outlet of the bun 20. By the outlet of the bun, it is meant that the cutting is carried out along a radial plane P passing through one end of the bun 20 closest to the phase output 23 (cf. FIG. 4).

The guide portions 42 are formed by notches open radially at their outer periphery. Two successive guide portions 42 are separated by an arm 44 of the comb 41, so that there is an alternation of guide portions 42 and arm 44 along the length of the comb 41. A circumferential dimension D of a guide portion 42 is larger than a diameter of the corresponding phase output 23. The arms 44 may have different circumferential widths with respect to each other.

The guide comb 41 makes it possible to increase the spacing of the phase outputs 23 relative to one another in order to facilitate their connection to the connection tabs 35 of the phase connector 31. The phase outputs 23 thus extend as follows an angular sector S1 of the order of 70 degrees at the outlet of the bun 20 and on an angular sector S2 of between 80 and 100 degrees at the level of the phase connector 31, as shown in FIG. 4.

Advantageously, the guide comb 41 includes pre-guiding portions 46 each located in an extension of a guide portion 42. A pre-guiding portion 46 is configured to guide a phase output 23 towards a corresponding guide portion 42. A pre-guide portion 46 preferably has a chamfered end open towards the phase outputs 23. The guide comb 41 may have symmetry with respect to a median plane P 'of said guide comb 41 (cf. FIG. 2) .

As illustrated in FIG. 6a, the pre-guiding portions 46 facilitate the insertion of the phase outputs 23 during the mounting of the rectifier bridge 25.

As illustrated in FIG. 6b, the guide portions 42 modify the orientation of at least certain phase outputs 23 during the descent of the rectifier bridge 25, so as to center them each relative to their corresponding connection tab 35 .

As illustrated in FIG. 6c, a phase output 23 is then blocked, by a bracing phenomenon, via two contact points A1, A2 located in a corresponding guide portion 42. We can then proceed to the electrical welding of each phase output 23 on a boss formed in a corresponding connection lug 35.

The shutter 38 may also include an insulating mouth 48 defining a through opening through which the phase outputs 23 pass, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 5b. The insulating mouth 48 has walls extending between the phase outputs 23 and the rear bearing 11, in order to electrically isolate the phase outputs 23 relative to the bearing 11.

Furthermore, the shutter 38 includes pins 50 for angular indexing relative to the bearing 11 to guarantee correct positioning of the phase outputs 23 relative to the individual connection lugs 35. These indexing pins 50 are intended for s '' insert into correspondingly shaped openings in the stator body 18.

As can be seen in Figures 5a, 5b, and 7, the shutter 38 further comprises insulating barrels 51 intended to each isolate a fixing screw 52 relative to the positive dissipator 26. In fact, a screw 52 ensures the fixing of the assembly formed by the bridge 25 and the shutter 38 on the bearing 11. For this purpose, the screw 52 passes through coincidental openings made respectively in the dissipators 26, 28, the phase connector 31, and the shutter 38. An insulating barrel 51 has a wall extending between the screw 52 and the positive dissipator 26. This avoids a possible short circuit between the positive dissipator 26 and the screw 52 connected to ground via the bearing 11 .

As a variant, as illustrated in FIG. 8, the guide comb 41 could be integrated into the phase connector 31. The guide comb 41 is in this case coming from an external periphery of the phase connector 31. The comb guide 41 is arranged in the area of the phase connector 31 comprising the individual connection lugs 35.

As can be seen in FIG. 3, the protective cover 39 covers the rectifier bridge 25 as well as an element referenced 53 comprising a brush holder as well as a regulator of the voltage applied to the rotor winding. This element 53 generally has a T shape facilitating its integration.

The electric machine 10 comprises a fan 54 integral with the rotor 16 for generating an air flow and vents 55 produced respectively in the cover 39 and the bearing 11 in order to allow the circulation of the air flow inside the electric machine 10. The shutter 38 prevents the recirculation, towards the interior of the machine, of the outgoing hot air flow to evacuate the calories of the internal components.

The configuration of the rectifier bridge 25 and of the guide comb 41 of the phase outputs 23 which has just been described can generally be implemented in any type of alternator 10 comprising in particular a rotor 16 with claws or with salient poles, in any type of alternator-starter and more generally in any type of rotating electric machine.

As a variant, the diodes 27 could be replaced by power transistors, for example of the MOS type.

Of course, the foregoing description has been given by way of example only and does not limit the scope of the invention from which one would not depart by replacing the various elements with any other equivalent.

In addition, the various features, variants, and / or embodiments of the present invention can be combined with one another in various combinations, insofar as they are not incompatible or mutually exclusive of one another.

Claims (12)

1. Rotating electric machine (10), in particular for a motor vehicle, comprising: - a bearing (11) provided with a receiving housing (12) of a bearing (13) for the rotational mounting of a shaft (15), - a stator (18) mounted in the bearing (11), said stator (18) comprising a body (17) and a winding (19) having a plurality of phase outputs (23), - a phase connector (31) comprising individual connection lugs (35), each individual connection lug (35) being intended to be connected to a corresponding phase output (23), characterized in that said rotary electrical machine ( 10) further comprises at least one guide comb (41) for guiding the phase outputs (23) towards the individual connection tabs (35) of the phase connector (31), - Said guide comb (41) comprising at least one guide portion (42) associated with a phase output (23) and configured to angularly tilt the phase output (23) relative to an axis (X) of the machine rotating electric (10) in the direction of the corresponding individual connection lug (35). 2. Rotating electric machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide comb (41) comprises at least one pre-guiding portion (46) situated in an extension of the guide portion (42) and configured to guide the outlet of phase (23) towards the guide portion (42). 3. Rotating electric machine according to claim 2, characterized in that a pre-guiding portion (46) has a chamfered end. 4. rotary electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the guide portion (42) has an axis (X1) offset angularly relative to an axis (X2) of a cross section of the phase output (23) produced at the output of the bun (20). 5. Rotating electric machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a dimension (D) of a guide portion (42) is larger than a diameter of the phase output (23) corresponding. 6. rotary electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the phase outputs (23) extend along an angular sector (S1) of the order of 70 degrees at the output of the bun (20 ). 7. rotary electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the phase outputs (23) extend along an angular sector (S2) between 80 and 100 degrees at the phase connector ( 31). 8. Rotating electric machine according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the guide comb (41) has symmetry with respect to a median plane (P ¹ ) of said guide comb (41). 9. rotary electric machine according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the guide comb (41) is integrated with a shutter (38) intended to electrically isolate a heat sink (26) relative to the bearing ( 11). 10. Rotating electric machine according to claim 9, characterized in that the shutter (38) comprises pins (50) for angular indexing relative to the bearing (11). 11. rotary electric machine according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the shutter (38) comprises at least one insulating barrel (51) intended to isolate a fixing screw (52) with respect to a heat sink (26) . 12. Rotating electric machine according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the guide comb (41) is integrated into the phase connector (31).