FR3081755A1 - SCRAPER, APPLICABLE TO THE TRANSPORT OF POWDERS - Google Patents
SCRAPER, APPLICABLE TO THE TRANSPORT OF POWDERS Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR3081755A1 FR3081755A1 FR1854625A FR1854625A FR3081755A1 FR 3081755 A1 FR3081755 A1 FR 3081755A1 FR 1854625 A FR1854625 A FR 1854625A FR 1854625 A FR1854625 A FR 1854625A FR 3081755 A1 FR3081755 A1 FR 3081755A1
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- France
- Prior art keywords
- scraper
- tray
- powder
- layer
- elements
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004581 coalescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000844 transformation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
- B29C64/214—Doctor blades
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/22—Driving means
- B22F12/222—Driving means for motion along a direction orthogonal to the plane of a layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/60—Planarisation devices; Compression devices
- B22F12/67—Blades
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/227—Driving means
- B29C64/232—Driving means for motion along the axis orthogonal to the plane of a layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/357—Recycling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/70—Recycling
- B22F10/73—Recycling of powder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
- B29C64/153—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Branching, Merging, And Special Transfer Between Conveyors (AREA)
- Filling Or Emptying Of Bunkers, Hoppers, And Tanks (AREA)
Abstract
Un racleur (4) utilisable notamment dans une installation de frittage de poudres dans laquelle des couches de poudre sont apportées successivement par le racleur (4) à partir d'un bac (1) à poudre voisin est original en ce qu'il est composé d'éléments de raclage juxtaposés et pouvant être levés indépendamment (18a). Une quantité de poudre (27) demeure alors dans le bac d'alimentation et n'est pas soumise à des pollutions ou des modifications pendant une étape d'agglomération qui suit, mesurée sur une partie (14) seulement de la couche (13a).A scraper (4) usable in particular in a powder sintering installation in which layers of powder are successively supplied by the scraper (4) from a neighboring powder container (1) is original in that it is composed scraping elements juxtaposed and capable of being lifted independently (18a). A quantity of powder (27) then remains in the feed tank and is not subject to pollution or modifications during a subsequent agglomeration step, measured on only part (14) of the layer (13a) .
Description
RACLEUR, APPLICABLE AU TRANSPORT DE POUDRES DESCRIPTIONSCRAPER, APPLICABLE TO THE TRANSPORT OF POWDERS DESCRIPTION
Le sujet de l'invention est un racleur, qui peut être appliqué notamment au transport de poudres pour fabriquer des pièces par fabrication additive sur lit de poudre.The subject of the invention is a scraper, which can be applied in particular to the transport of powders for manufacturing parts by additive manufacturing on a powder bed.
Un procédé que l'invention peut perfectionner est décrit dans le document FR 2980380 Al. On décrit la fabrication d'une pièce métallique par frittage d'une poudre. L'installation comprend un bac d'alimentation de la poudre, un plateau de fabrication, un bac de récupération de poudre en excès, ces trois pièces étant alignées et contiguës, avec le plateau entre les deux bacs ; et elle comprend encore un racleur apte à passer au-dessus de ces trois pièces afin de déplacer la poudre du bac d'alimentation au bac de récupération tout en déposant une couche de poudre sur le plateau de fabrication.A process that the invention can improve is described in document FR 2980380 A1. The manufacture of a metal part is described by sintering a powder. The installation comprises a powder supply tray, a manufacturing tray, a tray for recovering excess powder, these three parts being aligned and contiguous, with the tray between the two trays; and it further comprises a scraper capable of passing over these three parts in order to move the powder from the supply tank to the recovery tank while depositing a layer of powder on the production plate.
Le plateau est mobile verticalement sous l'effet d'un vérin réglable, et au moins le fond du bac d'alimentation en poudre est lui aussi mobile sous l'effet d'un vérin réglable, mais indépendant du précédent.The plate is movable vertically under the effect of an adjustable cylinder, and at least the bottom of the powder supply tank is also mobile under the effect of an adjustable cylinder, but independent of the previous one.
Il est également possible que le fond du bac de récupération de la poudre soit mobile sous l'effet d'un tel vérin. En effet, dans certaines configurations, et afin d'optimiser la consommation de poudre, le bac d'alimentation peut devenir bac de récupération et vice-versa. Le racleur change alors de direction de déplacement.It is also possible that the bottom of the powder recovery tank is mobile under the effect of such a jack. Indeed, in certain configurations, and in order to optimize the consumption of powder, the supply bin can become a recovery bin and vice versa. The scraper then changes direction of travel.
Le vérin du bac d'alimentation est périodiquement déployé pour soulever la poudre qui y est contenue et en faire sortir une petite partie au-dessus d'un bord supérieur du bac. Le racleur peut alors être déplacé, et il intercepte au moins une partie de cette quantité de poudre et la déplace pour la laisser s'écouler et se répartir sur la surface du plateau ; la poudre restant éventuellement en excès sur le racleur tombe dans le bac de récupération.The jack of the feed tank is periodically deployed to lift the powder contained therein and to bring out a small part above an upper edge of the tank. The scraper can then be moved, and it intercepts at least part of this quantity of powder and moves it to let it flow and distribute itself over the surface of the tray; any powder remaining in excess on the scraper falls into the collecting tank.
Ces opérations sont répétées de manière à déposer la poudre en couches successives et empilées sur le plateau. Dès qu'une couche est déposée, elle peut être fondue par parcelles successives, par un laser par exemple, qui donnent peu à peu une couche agglomérée en se solidifiant, puis le racleur est ramené à sa position d'origine, le vérin du bac d'alimentation est soulevé pour faire sortir une nouvelle quantité de poudre et le vérin du plateau est descendu pour permettre à la matière de la couche suivante de se déposer. Une pièce peut ainsi être fabriquée couche par couche, après des passes successives du racleur.These operations are repeated so as to deposit the powder in successive layers and stacked on the tray. As soon as a layer is deposited, it can be melted in successive plots, by a laser for example, which gradually give an agglomerated layer by solidifying, then the scraper is returned to its original position, the cylinder of the tank feed is raised to release a new quantity of powder and the cylinder of the tray is lowered to allow the material of the next layer to settle. A part can thus be manufactured layer by layer, after successive passes of the scraper.
Les fusions et solidifications concernent souvent une partie de la superficie de chaque couche. Cela est d'ailleurs imposé pour fabriquer des pièces de formes complexes, dont la section est différente d'une couche à l'autre. La poudre déposée sur le plateau qui n'entre pas dans la matière de la pièce est en général perdue même si elle n'est pas atteinte par le moyen de fusion, puisqu'elle peut être tout de même polluée en subissant des transformations métallurgiques ou chimiques pendant les étapes de fabrication.Mergers and solidifications often concern part of the surface of each layer. This is also required to manufacture parts with complex shapes, the section of which differs from one layer to another. The powder deposited on the plate which does not enter the material of the part is generally lost even if it is not reached by the melting means, since it can still be polluted by undergoing metallurgical transformations or chemicals during the manufacturing stages.
Un perfectionnement des racleurs connus de ce type a été recherché pour obvier à cet inconvénient, et la solution, qui constitue l'invention, a consisté en l'utilisation d'un racleur adaptatif par zones. En fonction de la zone utile de chauffage et solidification, il est alors possible d'approvisionner seulement la quantité nécessaire à chaque passe. Une économie de poudre importante devient alors possible, surtout en fin de fabrication, pour des pièces dont la superficie des couches s'amenuise constamment vers les couches supérieures.An improvement of known scrapers of this type has been sought to overcome this drawback, and the solution which constitutes the invention has consisted in the use of an adaptive scraper by zones. Depending on the useful heating and solidification area, it is then possible to supply only the quantity necessary for each pass. A significant saving in powder then becomes possible, especially at the end of manufacture, for parts whose surface area of the layers is constantly shrinking towards the upper layers.
Sous une forme générale, l'invention concerne un racleur, caractérisé en ce qu'il est composé d'une pluralité d'éléments de raclage montés sur un support commun, les éléments étant contigus le long d'une rangée et déplaçables indépendamment sur le support dans une direction perpendiculaire à la rangée et à une direction prévue de mouvement d'ensemble du racleur.In general form, the invention relates to a scraper, characterized in that it is composed of a plurality of scraping elements mounted on a common support, the elements being contiguous along a row and independently movable on the support in a direction perpendicular to the row and to a planned direction of overall movement of the scraper.
Ce déplacement possible de l'un ou l'autre des éléments de raclage correspond à un levage qui le rend inactif pour le transport de la poudre, et aucun dépôt de la poudre ne se produit sur la bande de surface du plateau parcourue par cet élément.This possible displacement of one or the other of the scraping elements corresponds to a lifting which makes it inactive for the transport of the powder, and no deposition of the powder occurs on the surface strip of the tray traversed by this element. .
Selon une construction possible du racleur, chacun des éléments de raclage comprend un contenu de raclage saillant hors du support dans une position activeAccording to a possible construction of the scraper, each of the scraping elements comprises a scraping content projecting out of the support in an active position
Les moyens de déplacement des éléments de raclage peuvent être répartis sur les armatures et le support et comprendre par exemple des mécanismes à vis sans fin, à pignon et crémaillère et des moteurs, situés sur les unes ou l'autre. Les moyens de déplacement pourraient aussi comprendre des verrous, d'autres moyens de blocage, et être de tous genres envisageables, manuels ou télécommandés.The means for moving the scraping elements can be distributed over the armatures and the support and include, for example, worm, pinion and rack mechanisms and motors, located on one or the other. The displacement means could also include latches, other blocking means, and be of any conceivable type, manual or remote-controlled.
Un autre aspect de l'invention est une installation de raclage perfectionnant des installations analogues à celle qu'on a décrite et comprenant un plateau mobile verticalement de support d'une pièce à fabriquer, un bac d'alimentation en poudre, un bac de récupération, le bac d'alimentation, le plateau et le bac de récupération étant alignés et contigus, avec le plateau entre les bacs, le bac d'alimentation ayant un bord supérieur surplombant le plateau et étant ouvert entre le bord supérieur, l'installation comprenant encore un dispositif de frittage d'une poudre déposée sur le plateau et un racleur de transport de la poudre du bac d'alimentation au plateau et éventuellement au bac de récupération, le racleur étant mobile au-dessus du bord supérieur, du plateau et du bac de récupération, caractérisée en ce que le racleur est conforme à ce qui précède.Another aspect of the invention is a scraper installation perfecting installations similar to that which has been described and comprising a vertically movable plate for supporting a workpiece, a powder supply container, a recovery container , the feed tray, the tray and the recovery tray being aligned and contiguous, with the tray between the trays, the feed tray having an upper edge overhanging the tray and being open between the upper edge, the installation comprising another device for sintering a powder deposited on the tray and a scraper for transporting the powder from the supply tray to the tray and possibly to the recovery tray, the scraper being movable above the upper edge, the tray and the recovery tank, characterized in that the scraper conforms to the above.
Un autre aspect encore de l'invention est un procédé de fabrication d'une pièce au moyen du racleur ou de l'installation conforme à ce qui précède, le procédé comprenant des dépôts de couches empilées de poudre, associés à des passes successives où le racleur apporte la poudre de chaque couche, et de frittage de chaque couche entre le dépôt de ladite couche et le dépôt de la couche suivante, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte au moins une étape de levage d'au moins un des éléments de raclage après le dépôt d'une des couches, le levage étant suffisant pour rendre l'élément levé inactif pour transporter la poudre aux passes suivantes.Yet another aspect of the invention is a method of manufacturing a part by means of the scraper or the installation in accordance with the above, the method comprising deposits of layers stacked with powder, associated with successive passes where the scraper provides the powder for each layer, and for sintering each layer between the deposition of said layer and the deposition of the next layer, characterized in that it comprises at least one step of lifting at least one of the scraper elements after the deposition of one of the layers, the lifting being sufficient to make the raised element inactive for transporting the powder to the following passes.
Une réalisation purement illustrative de l'invention sera maintenant décrite en liaison aux figures suivantes :A purely illustrative embodiment of the invention will now be described in connection with the following figures:
- la figure 1 illustre une installation de fabrication d'une pièce mécanique à parti d'une poudre, comprenant un racleur conforme à l'invention ;- Figure 1 illustrates an installation for manufacturing a mechanical part from a powder, comprising a scraper according to the invention;
- la figure 2 illustre le racleur selon l'invention ;- Figure 2 illustrates the scraper according to the invention;
- la figure 1 illustre une installation de fabrication d'une pièce mécanique à parti d'une poudre, comprenant un racleur conforme à l'invention ;- Figure 1 illustrates an installation for manufacturing a mechanical part from a powder, comprising a scraper according to the invention;
- la figure 2 illustre le racleur selon l'invention ;- Figure 2 illustrates the scraper according to the invention;
- la figure 3 représente un élément de raclage selon l'invention et un exemple d'un moyen de déplacement ;- Figure 3 shows a scraping element according to the invention and an example of a displacement means;
- et la figure 4 illustre les particularités de fabrication qu'autorise l'invention.- And Figure 4 illustrates the manufacturing features that the invention allows.
L'invention représente schématiquement une installation de fabrication d'une pièce à partir de poudre, comprenant un bac d'alimentation 1, un plateau 2, un bac de récupération 3 et un racleur 4. Le bac d'alimentation 1, le plateau 2 et le bac de récupération 3 sont alignés. Un premier vérin 5 permet d'ajuster la hauteur du plateau 2, qui est disposé entre les bacs 1 et 3 et un second vérin 6 permet d'ajuster la hauteur d'un fond 7 du bac d'alimentation 1 et donc la profondeur de ce bac. Le plateau 2 est orienté en X-Y, c'est-à-dire horizontal. Un laser 8 le surplombe, peut être déplacé dans les mêmes directions X et Y par un mécanisme non représenté, de manière que son faisceau puisse être dirigé vers tout point du plateau 2. Le bac d'alimentation 1 est empli de poudre 9 jusqu'à son bord supérieur 10, et son sommet est ouvert. Le racleur 4 conforme à l'invention s'allonge principalement dans une des directions horizontales X, et il peut être déplacé le long de rails 11 s'étendant dans la direction horizontale perpendiculaire Y. Au cours de la fabrication d'une pièce dans l'installation, il passe successivement au-dessus du bord supérieur 10 du bac d'alimentation 1, du plateau 2 et du bord supérieur 12 du bac de récupération 3. Le fond 7 ayant été soulevé pour faire dépasser une quantité de poudre 9 du bord supérieur 10, cette quantité est au moins en partie interceptée par le racleur 4 et transportée sur le plateau 2, où elle se dépose en formant une couche 13. Le laser 8 est ensuite mis en action pour chauffer au moins une portion 14 de la couche 13 et la fondre, après quoi elle est laissée à se solidifier. La coalescence des grains de poudre dans les portions 14 solidifiées des couches 13 successivement déposées produit peu à peu une pièce 15 de poudre agglomérée. La poudre en excès de chaque couche 13 aboutit au bac de récupération 3 quand le racleur 4 l'atteint. Le plateau 2 est descendu avant chaque passage du racleur 4 pour permettre le dépôt de la couche suivante, dont la surface est habituellement limitée par le bord inférieur du racleur 4.The invention schematically represents an installation for manufacturing a part from powder, comprising a supply tank 1, a tray 2, a recovery tank 3 and a scraper 4. The supply tank 1, the tray 2 and the recovery tank 3 are aligned. A first jack 5 makes it possible to adjust the height of the plate 2, which is arranged between the tanks 1 and 3 and a second jack 6 allows to adjust the height of a bottom 7 of the feed tank 1 and therefore the depth of this bin. The plate 2 is oriented in X-Y, that is to say horizontal. A laser 8 overhangs it, can be moved in the same directions X and Y by a mechanism not shown, so that its beam can be directed towards any point of the tray 2. The feed tank 1 is filled with powder 9 until at its upper edge 10, and its top is open. The scraper 4 according to the invention extends mainly in one of the horizontal directions X, and it can be moved along rails 11 extending in the horizontal perpendicular direction Y. During the production of a part in the installation, it passes successively above the upper edge 10 of the feed tank 1, of the plate 2 and of the upper edge 12 of the recovery tank 3. The bottom 7 having been raised to cause a quantity of powder 9 to exceed the edge upper 10, this quantity is at least partly intercepted by the scraper 4 and transported on the plate 2, where it is deposited by forming a layer 13. The laser 8 is then activated to heat at least a portion 14 of the layer 13 and melt it, after which it is left to solidify. The coalescence of the grains of powder in the solidified portions 14 of the layers 13 successively deposited produces little by little a piece 15 of agglomerated powder. The excess powder from each layer 13 ends up in the recovery tank 3 when the scraper 4 reaches it. The plate 2 is lowered before each passage of the scraper 4 to allow the deposition of the next layer, the surface of which is usually limited by the lower edge of the scraper 4.
La construction de ce dernier est la suivante. Outre une armature 17 coulissant sur les rails 11, des éléments de raclage 18 se succédant dans la direction X sont portés par l'armature 17. Ces éléments de raclage 18 sont mobiles indépendamment dans la direction verticale Z, de manière à présenter au moins une position inactive quand l'élément de raclage 18 correspondant est levé (c'est le cas de l'élément du milieu à la figure 2) et au moins une position active quand l'élément correspondant est abaissé.The construction of the latter is as follows. In addition to a frame 17 sliding on the rails 11, scraper elements 18 succeeding one another in the direction X are carried by the frame 17. These scraper elements 18 are movable independently in the vertical direction Z, so as to have at least one inactive position when the corresponding scraping element 18 is raised (this is the case of the middle element in FIG. 2) and at least one active position when the corresponding element is lowered.
Chacun des éléments de raclage comprend (figure 3) une armature 19 supérieure et une lame 20 suspendue de façon fixe à l'armature 19 et s'étendant audessous d'elle et du support 17. Le système de déplacement peut comprendre pour chaque élément de raclage 18, des glissières 21 verticales fixées à l'armature 17, une vis sans fin 22 verticale dépendant d'un moteur 23 également fixée à l'armature 17, et des paliers et écrous 24 et 25 dépendant de l'armature 19, associés respectivement aux glissières 21 et à la vis sans fin 22. La rotation des moteurs 23 et des vis 22 déplacent verticalement les éléments de raclage 18.Each of the scraping elements comprises (FIG. 3) an upper armature 19 and a blade 20 fixedly suspended from the armature 19 and extending below it and the support 17. The displacement system may comprise for each element scraping 18, vertical slides 21 fixed to the frame 17, a vertical worm 22 depending on a motor 23 also fixed on the frame 17, and bearings and nuts 24 and 25 depending on the frame 19, associated respectively to the slides 21 and to the endless screw 22. The rotation of the motors 23 and of the screws 22 vertically move the scraping elements 18.
Quand l'un d'eux est à la position levée, il est impuissant à transporter la poudre du bac d'alimentation 1, et (figure 4) cet élément de raclage, noté 18a, fait apparaître sur le plateau 2, au-dessus des couches 13 déjà déposées, une bande 26 de même position transversale (en X) et de même largeur, sur laquelle la poudre n'est pas déposée. La quantité de poudre 27 en regard de la bande 26 dans le bac d'alimentation 1, n'ayant pas été transportée par l'élément de raclage 18a, demeure dans ce bac. Elle pourra être employée pour une couche ultérieure après une égalisation du niveau de poudre dans le bac d'alimentation 1. Cette étape de levage différencié des éléments de raclage 18, caractéristique du racleur de l'invention, est possible sans inconvénient dès que la portion 14 à agglomérer de la couche concernée, notée 13a, ne s'étend pas sur la bande 26, et qu'aucune portion 14 à agglomérer d'une couche supérieure ne s'étendra au-dessus de la bande 26. Le procédé utilisant le racleur conforme à l'invention 4 comporte en principe seulement des levages successifs des éléments de raclage 18, mais normalement pas d'opérations inverses, qui conduiraient à faire tomber de la poudre dans des portions creuses de l'ébauche de pièce, sans permettre de recréer des couches régulières. Il convient donc particulièrement bien à la fabrication de pièces mécaniques s'amenuisant toujours plus vers le haut : les quantités de poudre 27 qui ne sont pas versées sur le plateau 2, qui échappent aux pollutions de fabrication et sont donc 5 économisées, peuvent représenter un total important alors.When one of them is in the raised position, it is powerless to transport the powder from the feed hopper 1, and (FIG. 4) this scraping element, noted 18a, makes appear on the tray 2, above layers 13 already deposited, a strip 26 of the same transverse position (in X) and of the same width, on which the powder is not deposited. The quantity of powder 27 facing the strip 26 in the feed tank 1, not having been transported by the scraper element 18a, remains in this tank. It can be used for a subsequent layer after equalization of the level of powder in the feed tank 1. This step of differentiated lifting of the scraping elements 18, characteristic of the scraper of the invention, is possible without disadvantage as soon as the portion 14 to be agglomerated from the layer concerned, denoted 13a, does not extend over the strip 26, and that no portion 14 to be agglomerated of an upper layer will extend above the strip 26. The method using the scraper according to the invention 4 in principle only comprises successive lifting of the scraping elements 18, but normally no reverse operations, which would cause powder to fall into hollow portions of the workpiece blank, without allowing recreate regular layers. It is therefore particularly suitable for the manufacture of mechanical parts which are constantly decreasing upwards: the quantities of powder 27 which are not poured onto the plate 2, which escape manufacturing pollution and are therefore saved, can represent a important total then.
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1854625A FR3081755B1 (en) | 2018-05-30 | 2018-05-30 | SCRAPER, APPLICABLE TO THE TRANSPORT OF POWDERS |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1854625A FR3081755B1 (en) | 2018-05-30 | 2018-05-30 | SCRAPER, APPLICABLE TO THE TRANSPORT OF POWDERS |
| FR1854625 | 2018-05-30 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FR3081755A1 true FR3081755A1 (en) | 2019-12-06 |
| FR3081755B1 FR3081755B1 (en) | 2021-09-10 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1854625A Active FR3081755B1 (en) | 2018-05-30 | 2018-05-30 | SCRAPER, APPLICABLE TO THE TRANSPORT OF POWDERS |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| FR (1) | FR3081755B1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2022025867A1 (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2022-02-03 | Siemens Energy, Inc. | Method of and apparatus using a split wiper for the repair of objects protruding above a powder bed |
| DE102021133095A1 (en) | 2021-12-14 | 2023-06-15 | Aesculap Ag | Stripping device for an additive manufacturing device and additive manufacturing device |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10300959A1 (en) * | 2003-01-14 | 2004-07-22 | Concept Laser Gmbh | Coating device for a construction device for creating molded parts from powder material |
| WO2017143145A1 (en) * | 2016-02-17 | 2017-08-24 | UCT Additive Manufacturing Center Pte. Ltd. | Multi-blade recoater |
-
2018
- 2018-05-30 FR FR1854625A patent/FR3081755B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10300959A1 (en) * | 2003-01-14 | 2004-07-22 | Concept Laser Gmbh | Coating device for a construction device for creating molded parts from powder material |
| WO2017143145A1 (en) * | 2016-02-17 | 2017-08-24 | UCT Additive Manufacturing Center Pte. Ltd. | Multi-blade recoater |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2022025867A1 (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2022-02-03 | Siemens Energy, Inc. | Method of and apparatus using a split wiper for the repair of objects protruding above a powder bed |
| DE102021133095A1 (en) | 2021-12-14 | 2023-06-15 | Aesculap Ag | Stripping device for an additive manufacturing device and additive manufacturing device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3081755B1 (en) | 2021-09-10 |
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