FR3074344A1 - SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR BUILDING SUPERVISION - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a building supervision system, which comprises a plurality of supervision slabs (12), each supervision slab (12) comprising at least one local processing unit or connected to at least one remote processing unit, each monitoring slab (12) comprising at least one sensor (30a, 30b, 30c, 30d, 30e) integrated in said slab, each sensor having a coverage perimeter and being able to take at least one measurement representative of said perimeter of coverage, and transmitting at least one information relating to said measurement associated with said coverage perimeter to said local or remote processing unit.

Description

Building supervision system and method

The present invention relates to a building supervision system, an associated building supervision method and a supervision panel for an associated building supervision system.

The invention relates to the field of building supervision for the safety and security of people and property.

It has many applications in the field of access and intrusion control, fire detection, and in general, the detection of conditions that can generate security alerts.

For example, in the supervision of industrial buildings, such as production plants, various conditions of temperature, humidity, or the possible presence of toxic gas emissions are to be monitored.

On the other hand, for any type of building, for example an office building, it is useful to watch for possible intrusions into secure rooms.

On the other hand, for critical infrastructure (for example nuclear power plant), it is useful to know where people are located, and / or know the number of people present in a given room.

In known systems, when various types of conditions are to be monitored in large buildings, it is necessary to install various types of sensors by qualified installers, to carry out numerous wiring and functional tests, and provide specialized maintenance.

The interconnection for the implementation of several sensors of different types requires the intervention of installers specialized in various fields, each sensor generally having an associated operating protocol.

Consequently, building supervision, industrial or otherwise, requires the installation of sophisticated cabling and the intervention of various specialists, which is tedious and expensive.

In addition, maintenance is costly and also requires the intervention of specialists to replace faulty sensors and wire new sensors. For example, in a supervision system deployed on a metro network, approximately 10% of the cameras are replaced per year, which represents, for example, 1,000 cameras out of a fleet of 10,000 cameras.

Finally, the exploitation of the data collected is generally carried out by specific software on a centralized server, which requires great computing power and high network transmission rates.

It is therefore useful to optimize supervision for surveillance and security, both in terms of setting up infrastructures, in terms of cost of maintenance and exploitation of the data collected.

To this end, the invention provides a building supervision system comprising a plurality of supervision tiles, each supervision tile comprising at least one local processing unit or being connected to at least one remote processing unit, each supervision tile comprising at least one sensor integrated into said slab, each sensor having a perimeter of coverage and being able to take at least one measurement representative of said perimeter of coverage, and to transmit at least information relating to said measurement associated with said perimeter of coverage to said local or remote processing unit.

Advantageously, the proposed building supervision system makes it possible to interconnect supervision tiles, each comprising at least one integrated sensor, which has the advantage of modularity, simplifies installation and maintenance.

The building supervision system according to the invention may also have one or more of the characteristics below, taken independently or in any technically valid combination.

The system comprises at least one paving block of supervision tiles positioned in a regular mesh and interconnected according to a predefined connection neighborhood, said paving block being adapted to form a false ceiling of a building room or a portion of wall partition.

Each supervision panel includes a plurality of integrated sensors belonging to one or more of the following categories of sensors: optical cameras, infrared cameras, presence detection modules, smoke sensors, temperature sensors, humidity sensors, gas sensors, microphone and speakers.

Each supervision panel has sensors regularly distributed over its surface.

Each supervision panel has at least one lighting unit.

The lighting units are regularly distributed over the surface of a supervisory panel, and interleaved with the sensors of said supervisory panel.

Each supervision slab comprises at least one local processing unit, each local processing unit being adapted to receive information from at least one sensor of the supervision slab, each local processing unit being adapted to process information received, at perform calculations and transmit information obtained by calculation to a remote processing unit.

According to another aspect, the invention relates to a building supervision method implemented in a building supervision system as briefly described above, which comprises steps of:

-receiving information from at least one supervision panel, each information comprising at least one measured value from at least one sensor and at least one geographic location information associated with each supervision panel;

-processing of the values measured as a function of a type of sensor and / or of the geographic location information and obtaining a plurality of local processing results;

-merger of local treatment results;

-analysis of local treatment results and supervision command based on the analysis of results.

According to another aspect, the invention relates to a supervision panel for a building supervision system which comprises at least one local processing unit or is adapted to be connected to at least one remote processing unit, and at least one integrated sensor or a plurality of integrated sensors distributed regularly over the surface of the slab, the or each sensor having a perimeter of coverage and being able to take at least one measurement representative of said perimeter of coverage, and to transmit at least information relating to said associated measurement said perimeter of coverage to said local or remote processing unit.

According to one characteristic, the supervision panel comprises a plurality of sensors belonging to one or more of the following categories of sensors: optical cameras, infrared cameras, presence detection modules, smoke sensors, temperature sensors, gas sensors, microphone and speakers.

Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge from the description which is given below, for information and in no way limitative, with reference to the appended figures, among which:

- Figure 1 shows a building supervision system according to one embodiment of the invention;

- Figure 2 schematically shows a supervisory panel according to an embodiment of the invention;

- Figure 3 schematically shows the functional blocks of a supervisory panel according to an embodiment of the invention;

- Figure 4 is a block diagram of the main steps of a supervision method according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 1 schematically represents a building supervision system 10.

The system 10 includes a plurality of supervision tiles 12, referenced SST for “smart sensing tile”, interconnected by wired communication links 14.

Alternatively, the communication links 14 are radio links.

For example, the supervision tiles 12 are interconnected according to a predefined connection neighborhood.

The supervision tiles 12 are spatially arranged according to a regular grid in a block of supervision tiles 16. In the example of FIG. 1, the paving stone tile is composed of nine supervision tiles 12, positioned according to a regular grid (or regular grid).

Each supervision slab belonging to one edge of the mesh is connected to two adjacent slabs. The central slab is connected to four adjacent slabs. Thus, there are two types of connection neighborhoods according to the position of each slab in the regular mesh. This type of connection can be generalized to larger blocks.

The supervisory tiles 12 are all similar and manufactured in the factory according to a given model. Each supervision panel has at least one integrated sensor, as explained in more detail below. Advantageously, the manufacturing is systematized and simplified.

In practice, a supervision system 10 comprises as many pavers 16 of supervision slabs as there are building parts to be supervised, and each paver of slabs is connected via a connection link 18 to the electricity network and to the LAN communications network of the building.

Of course, the blocks 16 have variable sizes, for example of (2N + 1) x (2M + 1) slabs, with N and M integers chosen according to the size of the room in the building to be supervised.

In one embodiment, a block of supervision slabs, suitable for forming the ceiling of a room of building to be supervised comprises a mesh of slabs, some of which are supervision slabs, connected as indicated above, and others are classic tiles without an integrated sensor. For example, in a rectangular mesh, one in two slabs or one in four slabs is a supervisory slab 12 according to the invention.

As a variant, a block of supervision tiles is adapted to form a portion of a wall partition of a building room to be supervised.

The supervision system 10 further comprises a central processing unit 20, adapted to process part or all of the information received from the supervision blocks composed of supervision tiles.

The central processing unit notably comprises one or more processors 22, adapted to execute computer program instructions when the processing unit is powered up. The central processing unit 20 also includes an information storage unit 24, for example composed of registers, adapted to store executable code instructions allowing the implementation of the supervision method according to the invention or of a part steps of the supervision method according to the invention.

The processor 22 and the information storage unit 24 are connected via a communication bus 26.

Alternatively, the steps of the method of the invention are implemented by graphics processors or GPUs, with a parallelized hardware architecture.

As a variant, the steps of the method of the invention are implemented by electronic devices of the programmable logic circuit type, such as electronic cards based on FPGA or ASIC.

FIG. 2 schematically illustrates an example of a supervision panel 12 according to an embodiment of the invention.

Preferably, a supervisory panel 12 comprises a plurality of integrated sensors 30a, 30b, 30c, 30d and a plurality of integrated lighting units 32, distributed regularly over its surface in a regular mesh.

For example, the units 32 are light-emitting diode lighting units.

As a variant, the supervision panel 12 comprises a single integrated sensor.

For example a rectangular mesh or a staggered mesh is used.

Preferably, a supervisory tile 12 has a square or rectangular shape and a suitable size, similar to a size of false ceiling tile, for example of the order of 60 × 60 cm.

Alternatively, one can also consider floor tiles.

Each ceiling or floor supervision tile is intended to be positioned horizontally in a room.

As a variant, each supervision slab 12 is intended to be a covering slab, positioned vertically, for example on a wall or a door of a room.

In one embodiment, a large number of sensors are distributed over the surface of the slab 12. For example, each slab incorporates 20 to 50 sensors.

For example, the sensors 30a are optical cameras, the sensors 30b are infrared cameras, the sensor 30c is a presence detector, the sensor 30d is a smoke detector and the sensor 30e is a temperature sensor.

Each sensor 30a to 30e has a coverage perimeter and is capable of taking at least one measurement representative of said coverage perimeter.

For example, a temperature sensor is able to take a measurement of the temperature of a room at regular time intervals.

An optical camera type sensor is capable of acquiring image data, for example still images acquired at regular intervals or video data, of a perimeter corresponding to the field of vision of the sensor.

Each sensor therefore provides corresponding measurement data, which are geolocated with respect to the building as soon as the supervision slab is installed.

Advantageously, the distribution of the optical and infrared cameras over the entire surface allows refined supervision, without blind spot, making it possible to capture numerous images of the monitored scene from different angles and to ensure processing with a high degree of confidence.

More generally, other types of sensors can be integrated into a supervisory panel, for example presence detection modules, humidity sensors, microphone and speakers, radio wave analysis sensors.

It is understood that the above list is not exhaustive, and can be enriched depending on the intended application.

Various types of specific gas detectors (e.g. carbon monoxide) are for example added when supervising an industrial production building.

Advantageously, multiple low-cost sensors are integrated into a supervision panel.

Each supervision panel 12 is electrically supplied, either by an autonomous power supply module (battery), or by connection to a building electrical distribution network.

In addition, a supervisory panel 12 includes connectors 34, 36 for connecting the supervisory panel to the adjacent panels, so as to form a wiring mesh as illustrated in FIG. 1.

In addition, these connectors 34, 36 are used as connection modules allowing the transmission of data to a remote processing unit, which is either a central processing unit as described above, or an intermediate processing unit, associated with a block or a plurality of blocks, itself adapted to transmit data to a central processing unit.

Each sensor is connected to a local or remote processing unit to transmit information relating to the measurements taken by the sensor within the coverage perimeter.

The sensors being located geographically in a supervision slab forming part of a supervision block of the system 10, the system is adapted to collect measurements associated with the coverage perimeter of each sensor and having an associated geographic location.

The geographic location can be given in a local repository or in a geolocation repository.

FIG. 3 schematically illustrates the main functional blocks of a supervision panel 12.

The supervision panel 12 comprises a set of n sensors 30a, 30b, ... 30n, represented in this figures by corresponding functional blocks, each sensor being connected to a local processing unit 40, 42, 44.

Several sensors can be connected to the same local processing unit 44.

The connection is preferably made by wired connection means.

Each sensor transmits measurement information associated with its coverage perimeter to the local processing unit to which it is connected.

Preferably, each supervision slab comprises one or more local processing units.

In one embodiment, each supervision panel includes a local processing unit which implements several processing modules, each processing module being adapted to process information originating from a given type of sensors.

Indeed, depending on the type of sensors, the nature of the measurements made by the sensor, their representation and the formatting for the transmission may differ.

For example, a local processing unit comprises a processor, for example a processor of the Raspberry PI Zero® type capable of executing instructions of computer code loaded in an associated memory unit.

Each processing module implements computer code instructions suitable for processing information originating from a given type of sensor, for example temperature information, hygrometry information or video data.

The processing modules perform a suitable processing of the values measured as a function of the type of sensor and / or of the geographic location information in order to obtain a local processing result, by type of sensor and / or by geographic location.

For example, a temperature information processing module receives the temperature values measured by each of the temperature sensors in a block of supervision tiles and performs calculations: average temperature, maximum temperature or minimum temperature of the room being monitored.

For example, a video data processing module receives one or more videos taken in a given time interval, and having an associated geographic location, and performs motion detection processing on each video received, making it possible to detect a possible intrusion. The result of local processing is then, for example, intrusion detection, with a geographic location and an associated date and time.

Then, the local processing results are sent to a central processing unit 20, for merging the local processing results and analysis of these results, in order to deduce possible security risks and to take corresponding measures: generation of alarms or reports for example.

A building supervision method according to an embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps, illustrated diagrammatically in FIG. 4.

The method includes a step 50 of receiving information from at least one supervision panel, each information comprising at least one measured value from at least one sensor and at least one geographic location information associated with each panel. supervision.

Next, a processing step 52 performs the processing of the measured values as a function of the type of sensor and / or of the geographic location information, making it possible to obtain a plurality of local processing results.

The local processing results are merged during a step 54 of merging the local processing results, possibly after a transmission of the local processing results to a remote processing unit.

Finally, the merged results are analyzed during a step 56 as a function of known security risk factors, and a supervision control step 58 is implemented as a function of the analysis of the results. For example, the supervision command includes raising alerts at a supervision operator station if a security risk has been detected.

Advantageously, the invention makes it possible to use supervision tiles, each integrating one or more sensors, produced in series.

The use of multiple sensors, integrated in a redundant manner, makes it possible to use sensors at low cost, because in the event of a malfunction of one of the sensors, statistically there are enough sensors remaining to obtain a reliable supervision system. The supervision system is therefore resilient, its lifespan is increased and maintenance costs are reduced. In addition, the redundancy of the sensors makes it possible to facilitate processing to extract relevant information (in particular video).

Maintenance is simplified, each supervision panel can be replaced individually by a new panel with the same integrated sensors.

The proposed supervision system also has the advantage of ease of deployment and reduced deployment costs, in particular thanks to the possibility of automatically configuring the sensors, the position of the sensors within a slab being known, as well as the relative position of the tiles between them.

Advantageously, the proposed supervision system allows hierarchical processing, starting from the level of a slab, a room, a zone, up to an entire building. Thanks to hierarchical processing, network congestion is reduced because all the information does not need to be transmitted to a central processing unit.

For example, each slab is equipped with one or more local processing units, which carry out local processing on the information coming from the sensors and group it together to transmit it to a remote intermediate processing unit associated with the paving stone of supervision supervision slabs. room. This intermediate remote processing unit performs processing at the room level, and calculates information which is transmitted to an intermediate zone processing unit. The zone intermediate processing unit also performs processing and calculates information associated with the zone which is transmitted to a central processing unit of the building.

Advantageously, the calculation can be distributed on a local calculation grid, so there is no need for server-type infrastructure with very high calculation capacities.

In addition, the information collected by the sensors is geolocated during installation in the building.

Claims (10)

1Building supervision system characterized in that it comprises a plurality of supervision tiles (12), each supervision tile (12) comprising at least one local processing unit (40, 42, 44) or being connected to at least a remote processing unit (20), each supervision slab (12) comprising at least one sensor (30a, 30b, 30c, 30d, 30e) integrated into said slab, each sensor having a perimeter of coverage and being able to take at at least one measurement representative of said coverage perimeter, and to transmit at least one piece of information relating to said measurement associated with said coverage perimeter to said local or remote processing unit. 2. - System according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises at least one block (16) of supervision tiles (12) positioned according to a regular mesh and interconnected according to a predefined connection neighborhood, said paving stone being adapted to form a false ceiling of a building room or a portion of wall partition. 3. - System according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that each supervision panel (12) comprises a plurality of integrated sensors belonging to one or more of the following categories of sensors: optical cameras, infrared cameras, presence detection, smoke sensors, temperature sensors, humidity sensors, gas sensors, microphone and speakers. 4. - System according to claim 3, characterized in that each supervision slab comprises sensors regularly distributed over its surface. 5. - System according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that in addition each supervision panel (12) comprises at least one lighting unit (32). 6. - System according to claim 5, characterized in that the lighting units (32) are regularly distributed over the surface of a supervisory panel (12), and interleaved with the sensors of said supervisory panel. 7. - System according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that each supervision slab (12) comprises at least one local processing unit (40, 42, 44), 11 each local processing unit being adapted to receive information from at least one sensor of the supervision panel, each local processing unit being adapted to process information received, to perform calculations and to transmit information obtained by calculation to a remote processing unit (20). 8. - Building supervision method implemented in a building supervision system according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises steps of: -reception (50) of information from at least one supervision panel, each information comprising at least one measured value coming from at least one sensor and at least one geographic location information associated with each supervision panel; -processing (52) of the values measured as a function of a type of sensor and / or of the geographic location information and obtaining a plurality of local processing results; 5 -fusion (54) of the results of local treatment; -analysis (56) of the results of local processing and supervision command (58) as a function of the analysis of the results. 9. - Supervisory panel for building supervision system, characterized in that it comprises at least one local processing unit (40, 42, 44) or is adapted to be connected to at least one remote processing unit (20 ), and in that it comprises at least one integrated sensor or a plurality of integrated sensors distributed regularly over the surface of the slab, the or each sensor having a perimeter of coverage and being able to take at least one measurement representative of said perimeter coverage, and to transmit at least one piece of information relating to said measurement associated with said coverage perimeter to said local or remote processing unit. 10. - Supervisory panel according to claim 9, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of sensors belonging to one or more of the following categories of sensors: optical cameras, infrared cameras, presence detection modules, smoke sensors, sensors temperature, gas sensors, microphone and speakers.