FR3070945B1 - SUPPLY CONTROL OF A COMPLEMENTARY TORQUE BY A NON-THERMAL MOTOR MACHINE OF A HYBRID VEHICLE BASED ON ACCELERATION POTENTIAL - Google Patents

Abstract

A control method is implemented in a vehicle (V) comprising an energy storage means (MS1) having an available power, and a thermal engine (MT) and a non-thermal driving machine (MM) supplying respectively torques for at least one train (T1) by respectively consuming fuel and power from this energy storage means (MS1). This method comprises a step in which, when only the internal combustion engine (MT) is supplying torque, a value representative of an acceleration potential of the vehicle (V) is estimated in the event of supply of an additional torque by the driving machine non-thermal (MM), as a function of at least one parameter of the vehicle (V), and this supply of additional torque is authorized when this estimated value is greater than a chosen threshold.

Description

The invention relates to vehicles which comprise a hybrid transmission chain comprising a heat engine and a non-combustion engine. The invention relates to vehicles which comprise a hybrid transmission chain comprising a heat engine and a non-combustion engine. thermal system respectively consuming fuel and the power of at least one energy storage means for providing couples, together or separately, for at least one train.

In what follows, the term "energy storage means" both means for storing electrical energy that means for storing hydraulic or pneumatic energy.

Furthermore, it will be noted that the invention also relates to the case in which the heat engine and the non-thermal power engine provide two torques for the same train as the case in which the heat engine and the non-thermal power engine provide two couples respectively for two trains.

In a hybrid vehicle of the type defined above, all the available power of the energy storage means (or "storer") is generally made available to the non-thermal engine to satisfy the better the driver.

Therefore, when only the engine provides torque and the driver increases the percentage of depression of the accelerator pedal to signal that it wishes additional acceleration, the supervision computer of the hybrid transmission chain allows the machine non-thermal drive to consume energy stored in the associated energy storage means to provide a complementary torque (or "boost") capable of inducing this complementary acceleration when the power available in this storage means d energy allows it. This mode of control of the complementary torque supplied is described in particular in patent document FR 3041308.

In certain life situations (for example in the presence of a high vehicle speed, typically greater than 100 km / h), the complementary acceleration induced by the complementary torque (or boost) is not strong enough to be felt by the driver. However, with the current operation, the energy stored in the energy storage means is used to produce a complementary torque, which induces a "useless" consumption, whereas this energy could have been used later, and particularly in a life situation where the driver would have clearly felt the effect of its use, for example as part of a boost. The invention therefore aims in particular to improve the situation in hybrid vehicles.

It proposes for this purpose a control method intended to be implemented in a vehicle comprising at least one energy storage means having an available power, and a heat engine and a non-thermal driving machine respectively providing torques for at least one train respectively consuming fuel and the power of the energy storage means.

This control method is characterized in that it comprises a step in which, when only the heat engine provides torque for the train: - a value representative of a vehicle acceleration potential is estimated in the case of supply of an additional torque by the non-thermal driving machine, as a function of at least one parameter of the vehicle, and this supplementary torque supply is authorized when this estimated value is greater than a chosen threshold.

The term "acceleration potential" here means the value of the increase of the acceleration that could be induced by the non-thermal driving machine if it produced a complementary torque by consuming energy stored in the energy storage means , given the current life situation in the vehicle.

By estimating this acceleration potential, it is now possible to decide to produce additional torque when it is really useful in view of the current life situation, which avoids consuming unnecessarily the energy stored in the system. means of energy storage.

The control method according to the invention may comprise other characteristics that can be taken separately or in combination, and in particular: in its step, a threshold can be used which is chosen as a function of a percentage of depression of a accelerator pedal of the vehicle and / or a selected operating mode for the vehicle; in its step, it is possible to estimate the value as a function of at least one parameter of the vehicle which is chosen from at least one technical characteristic of the vehicle, a running speed of the vehicle, a gear engaged in gearshift means of the vehicle , a running slope of a portion of a taxiway on which the vehicle is traveling, a current weight of the vehicle, weather information, an altitude at which the vehicle is located, and a selected operating mode for the vehicle; in its step, the mode of operation of the vehicle can be chosen from a driving mode, itself chosen from a two-wheel drive and a four-wheel drive, and a driving mode, itself chosen from a economical mode, an automatic mode and a sport mode; in its step, the value can be estimated when, in addition, a driver of the vehicle has just increased a percentage of depression of an accelerator pedal of the vehicle to signal that he wishes a complementary acceleration. The invention also proposes a control device intended to equip a vehicle comprising at least one energy storage means having an available power, and a heat engine and a non-thermal driving machine respectively supplying torques for at least one train in operation. respectively consuming fuel and the power of this energy storage means.

This control device is characterized in that it comprises means implementing the step of a control method of the type of that presented above. The invention also proposes a vehicle, possibly of automotive type, and comprising at least one energy storage means having an available power, a heat engine and a non-thermal driving machine respectively providing torques for at least one train while consuming respectively fuel and the power of the energy storage means, and a control device of the type shown above.

For example, the non-thermal driving machine of this vehicle may be of the electric type. In this case, the energy storage means stores electrical energy. Other features and advantages of the invention will appear on examining the detailed description below, and the attached drawing, in which the single figure schematically and functionally illustrates a vehicle comprising a hybrid transmission chain and a control unit. supervision equipped with a control device according to the invention. The object of the invention is in particular to propose a control method intended to be implemented in a vehicle V comprising a hybrid transmission chain comprising a thermal engine MT and a non-thermal power engine MM respectively providing torques for at least one T1 train respectively consuming fuel and the power of at least one first MS1 energy storage means. It also proposes a DC control device intended to implement the control method within a vehicle V.

In what follows, it is considered, by way of non-limiting example, that the vehicle V is automotive type. This is for example a car. But the invention is not limited to this type of vehicle. It relates in fact to any type of hybrid vehicle comprising at least one engine and a non-thermal engine providing torque for at least one train (or the like). Therefore, the invention relates not only to land vehicles, but also to ships and planes.

Here, the term "non-thermal driving machine" means a machine arranged to provide or recover torque to move a vehicle, either alone or in addition to a heat engine. It may for example be an electric machine (or motor), a hydraulic machine, a pneumatic machine (or compressed air), or a flywheel.

Furthermore, the term "heat engine" is understood to mean a machine or engine that consumes fuel to produce torque to move a vehicle.

FIG. 1 shows schematically a vehicle V comprising a hybrid transmission chain, a supervision computer CS capable of supervising (or managing) the operation of the transmission chain, and a DC control device according to the invention.

The hybrid transmission chain here comprises, in particular, a heat engine MT, an engine shaft AM, an EM clutch, a non-thermal engine MM, BV shift means, a first energy storage means MS1 and an AT transmission shaft.

The thermal engine MT comprises a crankshaft (not shown) which is fixedly attached to the motor shaft AM to drive the latter (AM) in rotation. It is intended to provide torque for at least a first train T1 (here of wheels), via the clutch EM, the prime mover (non-thermal) MM, and the gearshift means BV. But in an alternative embodiment it could provide torque for at least one train via the EM clutch and the BV shift means.

The first train T1 is, for example, located at the front of the vehicle V, and coupled to the transmission shaft AT, preferably, and as illustrated, via a differential (here before) D1. But in a variant, this first train T1 could be located at the rear of the vehicle V. The clutch EM is responsible for coupling / decoupling the drive shaft AM (coupled to the heat engine MT) to / from the driving machine MM, on order of the supervision computer CS, to communicate the torque it produces. This clutch EM can be of any type since it can take at least a first state (coupled) in which it provides the coupling between the thermal engine MT and the prime mover MM, and a second state (decoupled) in which it decouples the MT heat engine of the prime mover MM.

The driving machine MM is coupled to the first energy storage means MS1 in order to be supplied with energy or to supply the latter (MS1) with energy. It is also coupled to the output of the clutch EM and the primary shaft AP of the shift means BV.

In what follows we consider, by way of non-limiting example, that the motor machine MM is of the electric type. But the invention is not limited to this type of non-thermal driving machine. Thus, it also relates to hydraulic machines (or motors), machines (or engines) pneumatic (or compressed air), and flywheels.

As it is considered here that the motor machine MM is of the electric type, the first energy storage means MS1 which supplies it with energy is arranged to store electrical energy, for example at low voltage (typically 220 V for illustration).

The gearshift means BV may, for example, be arranged in the form of a gearbox. They comprise the primary shaft AP which is intended to receive torque from the prime mover MM, and a secondary shaft intended to receive this torque via the primary shaft AP in order to communicate it to the transmission shaft AT to which it is coupled. and which is coupled indirectly to the drive wheels (here before) of the vehicle V via the differential D1. But in an alternative embodiment the BV ratio changing means could, for example, include at least one epicyclic gear comprising one, two or three synchronizers. It will be noted that the gearshift means BV must propose at least one gear.

As illustrated not only in the single figure, the transmission chain may also include a starter or an alternator-starter AD coupled to the heat engine MT and responsible for launching the latter (MT) to allow it to start. This launch is done through electrical energy which is, for example and as illustrated without limitation, stored in a second storage means MS2.

This second storage means MS2 can be arranged in the form of a very low voltage battery (for example 12 V, 24 V or 48 V). The latter (MS2) may, for example, supply an on-board network to which electrical equipment of the vehicle V is connected. It will be noted that the second storage means MS2 may, as illustrated by non-limiting example, be coupled to the first storage means of the vehicle. energy MS1 and the motor machine MM via a DC converter DC / DC, in order to be recharged.

The operations of at least the engine MT and the prime mover MM, as well as possibly the clutch EM and / or shift means BV, can be controlled by the supervision computer CS.

As indicated above, the invention proposes a control method intended to be implemented in the vehicle V in order to control the torque supplements (or boosts) that can be supplied by its engine machine MM when only its thermal engine MT is in the process of provide torque (here) to the first T1 train.

This control method can be implemented by means of the control device DC which comprises at least control means MC for this purpose.

Note that in the non-limiting example illustrated in the single figure, the DC control device is part of the supervision computer CS. But this is not obligatory. This DC control device could indeed be a device coupled to the supervision computer CS, directly or indirectly. Therefore, the DC control device can be realized in the form of software modules (or computer or "software"), or a combination of electronic circuits (or "hardware") and software modules.

The control method, according to the invention, comprises a step which is carried out on the initiative of the DC control device when at least the heat engine MT is alone to provide torque (here) to the first train T1, in consuming fuel.

In this step, whenever this condition is present, it (the control means MC) estimates (s) a value vpa which is representative of an acceleration potential of the vehicle V in case of supply of a complementary torque cc by the non-thermal driving machine MM, as a function of at least one parameter of the vehicle V. Then (control means MC) allow (s) this supply of complementary torque cc when this estimated value vpa is greater than one. selected spa threshold.

The control device DC then informs the supervision computer CS that the non-thermal power engine MM is allowed to provide a complementary torque cc. In the opposite case (vpa <spa) the control device DC informs the supervision computer CS that the non-thermal driving machine MM is not authorized to provide a complementary torque cc.

The term "acceleration potential" here means the value of the increase of the acceleration that could be induced by the non-thermal power engine MM if it produced a complementary torque cc by consuming energy stored in the first storage medium of energy MS1, given the current life situation in vehicle V.

Thanks to the invention, it is now possible to decide to produce additional torque cc when the acceleration potential is large enough to be felt by the driver of the vehicle V, given the current life situation. This advantageously makes it possible to avoid consuming energy unnecessarily, stored in the first energy storage means MS1, for later use, and in particular in a life situation where the driver will immediately feel the effect of its use, for example as part of a boost.

As illustrated not only in the single figure, the control means MC may, for example, comprise a first module M1 responsible for estimating each value vpa as a function of at least one parameter of the vehicle V, and a second module M2 loaded comparing each estimated value vpa to the chosen spa threshold and deciding to allow or prohibit the supply of a complementary torque cc depending on the result of this comparison.

For example, in the step of the control method, the control means MC may use a spa threshold which is selected according to the percentage of depression of the accelerator pedal of the vehicle V and / or or the mode of operation that has been selected by the driver for the V vehicle.

This mode of operation of the vehicle V may, for example, be selected from a driving mode and a driving mode. This driving mode can be chosen from an economical mode, an automatic mode and a sport mode.

It will be understood that in a sporty driving mode, the driver expects to experience higher acceleration than in the automatic driving mode, and much faster acceleration than in the economical driving mode. Therefore, for the same complementary torque cc product, the driver will more easily feel its effect on the acceleration of the vehicle V when selecting the economic driving mode than during a selection of the automatic driving mode, and a fortiori only during a selection of the sport driving mode. A complementary iso-torque, the feeling will be identical for the driver. By cons, depending on the selected driving mode, we can allow more or less additional torque. As a result, different spa thresholds can be used depending on whether the driving mode selected for the vehicle V is economical, automatic or sporty. In general, it is considered that the spa threshold must be at least equal to 0.2 m.s-2.

As illustrated without limitation in the single figure, the control means MC may, for example, comprise a third module M3 responsible for choosing, possibly by means of a calculation, the spa threshold.

Also, for example, in the step of the control method, the control means MC (and more specifically their first module M1) can estimate the value vpa as a function of at least one parameter of the vehicle V chosen from at least one technical characteristic of the vehicle V, a running speed of the vehicle V, a gear engaged in the shift means BV, the running gradient of the portion of the traffic lane on which the vehicle V is traveling, the the current weight of the vehicle V, weather information, the altitude at which the vehicle V is located, the operating mode selected for the vehicle V (presented above), the efficiency of the transmission chain (including the gearbox), and the rolling resistance of the tires.

Among the technical characteristics of the vehicle V that can be taken into account, there may be mentioned the torque of the non-thermal engine MM that depends on the characteristics of the latter (including its performance and heat) and the maximum power of the first MS1 energy storage medium.

The current values of all these aforementioned V vehicle parameters are easily accessible to the supervision computer CS.

Preferably, one (the first module M1) will use several parameters of the vehicle V among those mentioned in the previous paragraph to estimate the value vpa, because the more they are numerous, the more the estimated value vpa is representative of the effective acceleration potential of the vehicle V at the moment considered.

It will be noted that in the step of the control method, the control means MC (and more specifically their first module M1) can estimate the value vpa when, in addition, the driver of the vehicle V comes from increase the percentage of depression of the accelerator pedal to signal that it wishes additional acceleration.

In the presence of the latter option, the value vpa is therefore estimated when only the heat engine MT provides torque (here) to the first train T1 and that at the same time the DC control device has been informed that the driver wanted a complementary acceleration. But in the absence of this option, the value vpa is systematically estimated when only the thermal engine MT provides torque (here) to the first train T1, to be immediately available and therefore comparable to the spa threshold when the driver wants an acceleration complementary.

It will also be noted that the control device DC may be arranged to warn the driver of the vehicle V when he considers that the production of a complementary torque cc would be useless in view of the current life situation. This warning can be done by broadcasting a sound message via at least one loudspeaker of the vehicle V and / or display of a text message on at least one screen of the vehicle V.

Claims (9)

1. Control method for a vehicle (V) comprising at least one energy storage means (MS1) having an available power, and a heat engine (MT) and a non-thermal driving machine (MM) respectively supplying couples for at least one train (T1) respectively consuming fuel and the power of said energy storage means (MS1), characterized in that it comprises a step in which, when only said heat engine (MT) provides torque, it is estimated a value representative of an acceleration potential of said vehicle (V) in case of supply of a complementary torque by said non-thermal driving machine (MM), as a function of at least one parameter of said vehicle ( V), and this complementary torque supply is authorized when said estimated value is greater than a chosen threshold. 2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that in said step is used a threshold chosen according to a percentage of depression of an accelerator pedal of said vehicle (V) and / or a mode of operation selected for said vehicle (V). 3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in said step said value is estimated according to at least one parameter of said vehicle (V) selected from at least one technical characteristic of said vehicle (V), a speed in course of said vehicle (V), a gear engaged in shift means (BV) of said vehicle (V), a running slope of a taxiway portion on which said vehicle (V) is traveling, a weight in course of said vehicle (V), meteorological information, an altitude at which said vehicle (V) is located, an operating mode selected for said vehicle (V), a performance of a transmission chain of said vehicle (V), and a rolling resistance of tires of said vehicle (V). 4. Method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that in said step said mode of operation of the vehicle (V) is selected from a driving mode and a driving mode, itself chosen from an economical mode, a mode automatic and a sporty mode. 5. Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that in said step said value is estimated when furthermore a driver of said vehicle (V) has just increased a percentage of depression of a pedal of accelerator of said vehicle (V) to signal that it desires a complementary acceleration. 6. Control device (DC) for a vehicle (V) comprising at least one energy storage means (MS1) having an available power, and a heat engine (MT) and a non-thermal driving machine (MM) providing respectively torques for at least one train (T1) by respectively consuming fuel and the power of said energy storage means (MS1), characterized in that it comprises means (MC) implementing step d a control method according to one of the preceding claims. 7. Vehicle (V) comprising at least one energy storage means (MS1) having an available power, and a heat engine (MT) and a non-thermal engine (MM) respectively supplying couples for at least one train (T1) respectively consuming fuel and the power of said energy storage means (MS1), characterized in that it further comprises a control device (DC) according to claim 6. 8. Vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that said non-thermal driving machine (MM) is of the electric type, and said energy storage means (MS1) stores electrical energy. 9. Vehicle according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that it is automotive type.