FR3069970A1 - AIRCRAFT COMPRISING A MIXED ELECTRICAL POWER DISTRIBUTION AND DATA COMMUNICATION NETWORK - Google Patents

Abstract

The aircraft (1) comprises a fuselage (F), a set of electrical equipment (40a ... 40j), distributed in the fuselage and a mixed power distribution and data communication network (600). It comprises a set of busbars comprising at least one power distribution busbar (20) extending, at least in part, in a longitudinal direction of the fuselage (F). A set of data links (50) is associated with each busbar (20) of the set of busbars. The busbar (20) and the associated set of data links (50) each have connection points (24, 54) at different locations along their length, forming pairs of connection points (24, 54). . Each of the electrical equipment (40a ... 40j) of the electrical equipment assembly is connected to a pair of connection points via a local power supply link (42) and / or via a local data link (43). ).

Description

Aircraft comprising a mixed electrical power distribution and data communication network.

The present invention relates to the field of power supply to aircraft equipment. Aircraft, in particular transport aircraft, include electrical equipment distributed in particular in their fuselage. This electrical equipment must be supplied with electricity and, for part of it, must be connected to a data communication network. For this, aircraft have harnesses of electrical power cables and data communication cables. Electrical power cable harnesses generally extend between an electrical core of the aircraft (notably allowing the arrival of electrical power from sources and / or conversion of electrical power) and the electrical equipment to be supplied. Communication cable harnesses generally extend between aircraft communication equipment, for example a switch conforming to the ARINC 664 part 7 standard, and the electrical equipment connected to this communication equipment.

In modern aircraft, more and more functions are implemented electrically. These functions sometimes require more varied electrical voltages than in older aircraft generations (for example 28VDC, 115VAC, 230VAC, 270VDC, 540VDC, etc.), as well as numerous data communications links between different aircraft equipment . As a result, the harnesses are more complex, larger and of higher mass than in older generations of aircraft. The implementation of harnesses is also more complex. Therefore, it would be desirable to simplify the distribution of electrical power and the data links of aircraft electrical equipment.

The various harnesses are specific to each type of aircraft and are also dependent on a configuration of the aircraft specific to the airline operating this aircraft. For example, depending on whether certain electrical equipment is installed or is not installed in the fuselage, the harnesses include or do not include cables allowing the electrical supply and data links of said equipment. As a result, the list of electrical equipment to be installed in a particular aircraft must be defined and fixed sufficiently early before the manufacture of said aircraft so as to be able to design, manufacture and install the harnesses specific to this aircraft in time. This list must be defined as soon as aircraft are generally manufactured by assembling fuselage sections in which are pre-installed harness sections which are connected together after the fuselage sections are assembled. However, it would be desirable to be able to modify the list of electrical equipment to be installed in the aircraft until a more advanced stage of manufacture of said aircraft.

On the other hand, the harnesses being manufactured specifically according to the list of electrical equipment installed in the aircraft, as well as the positions in the fuselage of said equipment, a modification of the configuration of the aircraft after delivery to a airline is difficult. However, such a modification may be necessary, for example when reselling the aircraft to another airline or if the airline wishes to add new electrical equipment to the aircraft. Therefore, it would be desirable to be able to more easily modify the list and the positions of the electrical equipment of an aircraft.

PRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION:

The present invention aims in particular to provide a solution, at least partially, to these problems.

According to a first aspect of the invention, the invention relates to an aircraft comprising:

- a fuselage;

- a set of electric generators, comprising at least a first electric generator and a second electric generator;

- a set of electrical equipment, distributed in the fuselage; and

- an electrical power distribution network comprising:

- a set of busbars, comprising at least a first busbar and a second busbar; and

- a switching system,

This aircraft is remarkable in that:

- each busbar of the set of busbars extends, at least in part, in a longitudinal direction of the fuselage;

- the first busbar and the second busbar use segregated paths in the fuselage;

- the switching system is electrically connected to the first electrical generator and the second electrical generator, as well as to the first busbar and to the second busbar;

- The switching system comprises a so-called normal operating mode, in which it is configured to electrically connect the first electric generator to the first busbar and the second electric generator to the second busbar;

- each busbar in the set of busbars has connection points at different locations distributed along its length; and

each of the electrical items of the set of electrical items of equipment is connected to a connection point of a busbar of the set of busbars, via a local electrical supply link.

The set of busbars corresponds to an invariant infrastructure of the aircraft's electrical power distribution network. The different electrical equipment is each connected to a connection point of a busbar by a local electrical supply link. It is thus possible to easily add new electrical equipment to the fuselage, without modifying this infrastructure: it suffices to set up a local electrical supply link between this new equipment and a connection point of a set of bars. Preferably, this connection point is chosen as close as possible, on the busbar considered, to the new electrical equipment, in particular to facilitate the establishment of the local electrical supply link between the electrical equipment and the set bars. This addition of new electrical equipment can be expected both during the manufacturing of the aircraft, as well as when the configuration of the aircraft is changed after delivery to an airline. It is also easy to move electrical equipment in the fuselage of the aircraft, for example during a modification of the configuration of the aircraft: it suffices to remove its original local power supply link, d '' bring the electrical equipment to its new position in the fuselage and set up a new local electrical supply link to another connection point of a busbar. The use of a busbar assembly rather than a cable harness also reduces the mass and the cost of the aircraft's electrical power distribution network. In fact, the electrical conductors of a busbar used in common by several electrical equipment require a dimensioning less than the sum of the dimensioning of separate cables, in harnesses, supplying these same electrical equipment.

According to different embodiments which can be implemented individually or combined with one another:

- the first busbar also extends in part in a first wing of the aircraft and the second busbar also extends in part in a second wing of the aircraft;

- The first electric generator and the second electric generator are electrically connected to the switching system via busbars. Advantageously, the first electric generator is electrically connected to the switching system via dedicated conductors of the first busbar and the second electric generator is electrically connected to the switching system via dedicated conductors of the second busbar;

- the electrical power distribution network further comprises a third busbar and a fourth busbar which extend, at least in part, in a longitudinal direction of the fuselage, the first, second, third and fourth busbars taking segregated paths in the fuselage of the aircraft. Advantageously, the set of electric generators further comprises a third electric generator and a fourth electric generator and, in the normal operating mode, the switching system is configured to electrically connect the third electric generator to the third busbar and the fourth electric generator on the fourth busbar;

- the switching system includes a so-called reconfigured operating mode, capable of being activated in the event of a fault in the electrical power distribution network, in which it is configured to:

. establish electrical connections between the electrical generators of the set of electrical generators and the busbars of the set of busbars, these electrical connections being modified with respect to electrical connections established in the normal operating mode; and or . establish electrical connections between busbars of the busbar assembly;

- The switching system comprises a main switching device and at least one secondary switching device remote from the main switching device. Advantageously, in the reconfigured operating mode of the switching system, the at least one secondary switching device can be controlled to establish one or more electrical connections between busbars of the busbar assembly ;

- at least one of the busbars of the busbar assembly comprises at least two modular sections arranged end to end and electrically connected to each other. Advantageously, a secondary switching device is electrically connected to two consecutive modular sections of a busbar, so as to establish electrical connections between similar electrical conductors of the two modular sections in the normal operating mode and to establish electrical connections between on the one hand electrical conductors of at least one of the two modular sections and on the other hand electrical conductors of another busbar, in the reconfigured operating mode.

According to a second aspect of the invention, the invention relates to a modular element for a mixed electrical power distribution and data communication network of an aircraft. This modular element is remarkable in that it includes:

- a section of a set of electrical power distribution bars, extending along a length of the modular element; and

- a set of data links, this set of data links extending along said length of the modular element, substantially parallel to the busbar section, and in that:

- the busbar section has connection points at different locations distributed along its length;

- the set of data links includes connection points at different locations distributed along its length and each arranged near a connection point of the busbar section;

- The set of data links includes a connection point, said patch point, designed to receive a patch bay;

- The set of data links comprises at least one data link between on the one hand each of the connection points distributed along its length and on the other hand the patch point;

the busbar section and the data link assembly each comprise a first interconnection point provided for connecting the busbar section and the data link assembly respectively to a busbar section and to a set of data links from a first other modular element arranged longitudinally in series with the modular element, at a first longitudinal end of the modular element; and

the busbar section and the data link assembly each comprise a second interconnection point provided for connecting the busbar section and the data link assembly respectively to a busbar section and to a set of data links from a second other modular element arranged longitudinally in series with the modular element, at a second longitudinal end of the modular element opposite the first longitudinal end.

The assembly of modular elements in accordance with the invention makes it possible to build a mixed electrical power distribution and data communication network of an aircraft. With regard to the distribution of electrical power, this network has the same advantages as those described with reference to the first aspect of the invention. This network also has similar advantages with regard to data communication. The use of modular elements in accordance with the invention to build the network makes it possible to easily adapt this network to any type of aircraft, without requiring busbars or sets of data links specific to the network. aircraft considered, in particular with regard to their length. The use of one or a few types of modular elements of predetermined lengths makes it possible to adapt such a network to any aircraft, and also to pool and minimize development costs.

According to different embodiments which can be implemented individually or combined with one another:

- the data links correspond to optical fibers;

- The patch point includes a subset of data links terminated by at least one connector, called the patch connector, intended to be integrated in the patch bay. Advantageously, the patch point also comprises at least one fixing provided to allow the fixing of the patch bay on the modular element. Advantageously still:

. the patch point on the one hand and the first interconnection point of the set of data links on the other hand are located near the first longitudinal end of the modular element;

. the first interconnection point of the set of data links comprises a subset of data links terminated by at least one connector, called the first interconnection connector; and. the arrangement of the patch point and the first interconnection point is provided to allow the integration of the patch connector and the first interconnection connector in the patch bay, so as to allow the connection set of data to the data link set of the first other modular element in the patch bay;

- the modular element is such that:

. the connection points distributed along the busbar section and the connection points distributed along the set of data links, each arranged near a connection point of the busbar section, form pairs connection points distributed along the modular element; and. each pair of connection points is designed to receive a mixed electrical power distribution and data communication junction box configured to allow the connection of one or more local power distribution and / or distribution distribution links. data to one or more electrical equipment of the aircraft;

the busbar section comprises at least one flexible part designed to allow deformations of the modular element in response to deformations of an aircraft fuselage when the modular element is installed in said fuselage of an aircraft .

The invention also relates to an aircraft comprising a fuselage and a set of electrical equipment distributed in the fuselage. This aircraft is remarkable in that:

the aircraft comprises a mixed electrical power distribution and data communication network comprising a set of modular elements as mentioned above; and

each of the electrical items of the set of electrical items is connected to a connection point of the busbar section of a modular element via a local electrical supply link and / or to a connection point of the set of data links of said modular element by a local data link.

In a particular embodiment:

modular elements of a first subset of the set of modular elements are assembled together so as to form a first mixed electrical power distribution and data communication sub-network extending, at least in part, longitudinally in the fuselage of the aircraft;

- modular elements of a second subset of the set of modular elements are assembled together so as to form a second mixed electrical power distribution and data communication sub-network extending, at least in part, longitudinally in the fuselage of the aircraft; and

- the first sub-network and the second sub-network take segregated paths in the fuselage.

In another particular embodiment which can be combined with the previous one, two consecutive modular elements are electrically connected to each other by means:

- at least one flexible connection; or

- at least one connection element configured to slide on the section of a busbar of at least one of the two modular elements.

In yet another particular embodiment that can be combined with the previous ones, the patch bay of a modular element receives:

- an interconnection connector of the first other modular element; and a set of connections between the first interconnection connector of the modular element and the interconnection connector of the first other modular element.

According to a third aspect of the invention, the invention relates to an aircraft comprising:

- a fuselage;

- a set of electrical equipment, distributed in the fuselage; and

- a mixed network of electrical power distribution and data communication.

This aircraft is remarkable in that:

- the mixed electrical power distribution and data communication network includes:

- a set of busbars, comprising at least one busbar of electrical power distribution; and

- at least one set of data links,

- the mixed electrical power distribution and data communication network is configured in such a way that a set of data links is associated with each busbar of the set of busbars;

- each busbar of the set of busbars extends, at least in part, in a longitudinal direction of the fuselage;

- each set of data links extends substantially parallel to the busbar with which it is associated;

- each busbar in the set of busbars has connection points at different locations distributed along its length; and

each set of data links has connection points at different locations distributed along its length and each arranged near a connection point of the busbar with which the set of data links is associated, so as to form pairs of connection points each comprising a connection point of the busbar and a connection point of the associated set of data links; and

- each of the electrical equipment in the set of electrical equipment is connected to a couple of connection points via a local electrical supply link and / or via a local data link.

As with the first aspect of the invention, the set of busbars corresponds to an invariant infrastructure of the electrical power distribution network of the aircraft. It has the same advantages as those described with reference to the first aspect of the invention. The at least one set of data links corresponds to the invariant infrastructure of the data communication network. The electrical equipment which requires a data communication link is each connected to a connection point of the set of data links by a local data link. This has advantages similar to those of the electrical power distribution network in terms of adding or moving electrical equipment. When an item of equipment requires both a power supply and a data link, the fact that each connection point of the set of data links is located near a connection point of the busbar with which the set of data links, facilitates the connection of the equipment to the infrastructure of the electrical power distribution network and to the infrastructure of the data communication network: the local power supply link and the local data can thus travel together between the electrical equipment and said connection points.

In one embodiment, the mixed electrical power distribution and data communication network comprises a set of junction boxes, each junction box being connected to a couple of connection points. Advantageously, a junction box of the set of junction boxes comprises:

. at least one power supply connector configured to cooperate with the busbar connection point belonging to the pair of connection points to which the junction box is connected;

. at least one data link connector configured to cooperate with the connection point of the set of data links belonging to the pair of connection points to which the junction box is connected; and. a set of slots intended to receive interface modules;

. a set of electrical connections extending between the power supply connector and the various locations provided for receiving the interface modules; and. a set of data links extending between the data link connector and the various locations provided for receiving the interface modules.

Also advantageously, the aircraft comprises:

. at least one electrical interface module in a location of the junction box and / or at least one data link interface module in a location of the junction box; and. at least one local power supply link between said at least one electrical interface module and electrical equipment of the aircraft and / or at least one local data link between said at least one data link interface module and electrical equipment of the aircraft.

The electrical interface module is for example chosen from the following set:

- an electrical connection module;

- an electrical switching module;

- an electrical voltage conversion module; and

- an electrical protection module.

The data link interface module is for example chosen from the following set:

- a data link connection module;

- a data link conversion module;

- a wireless data link module; and

- a data acquisition and concentration module.

Advantageously, the aircraft comprises, in a location of the junction box, a mixed interface module ensuring an electrical interface module function and a data link interface module function.

Again advantageously, the aircraft is such that:

- the data links of the set of data links associated with the busbar correspond to optical fibers;

- the set of data links extending between the data link connector and the various locations provided for receiving the interface modules includes:

. a data link converter;

. fiber optic data links between the data link connector and the data link converter;

. data links using electrical signals, between the data link converter and the various locations provided to receive the interface modules.

In a particular embodiment which can be combined with the previous ones:

- at least one busbar of the busbar assembly comprises at least two modular sections arranged end to end and electrically connected to each other;

- each of the at least two modular sections of the at least one busbar forms part of a modular element also comprising a set of data links extending substantially parallel to the modular section considered; and

- the sets of data links of consecutive modular elements are linked together so as to form the set of data links associated with the busbar considered.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION :

The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows and on examining the appended figures.

FIG. 1 schematically represents an aircraft comprising an electrical power distribution network, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 schematically represents an aircraft comprising an electrical power distribution network, in accordance with another embodiment of the invention;

Figure 3 is a sectional view taken along the line 11a-11a of Figure 2;

Figure 4 is a perspective view of a busbar;

Figure 5 is a schematic view of part of the fuselage of the aircraft shown in Figure 1;

FIGS. 6a and 6b schematically represent a part of the electrical power distribution network of the aircraft shown in FIG. 2, comprising secondary switches in accordance with a particular embodiment;

FIGS. 7a and 7b schematically represent a part of the electrical power distribution network of the aircraft shown in FIG. 1 or in FIG. 2, comprising secondary switches in accordance with a particular embodiment;

FIG. 8 schematically represents a modular element for a mixed electrical power distribution and data communication network of an aircraft, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 9 schematically represents a modular element for a mixed electrical power distribution and data communication network of an aircraft, in accordance with another embodiment of the invention;

Figures 10 and 11 show data links of the modular elements corresponding respectively to Figures 8 and 9;

Figure 12 shows an example of interconnection of two modular elements;

FIG. 13 schematically represents a modular element equipped with junction boxes;

FIG. 14 schematically represents an aircraft comprising a mixed electrical power distribution and data communication network, comprising a set of modular elements;

FIG. 15 schematically represents an aircraft comprising a mixed electrical power distribution and data communication network, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 16 schematically represents a busbar of the mixed network of FIG. 15, as well as a set of data links associated with this busbar;

FIG. 17 schematically represents the busbar and the set of data links of FIG. 16, fitted with junction boxes;

Figures 18 and 19 schematically represent two examples of junction boxes according to embodiments of the invention;

Figure 20 is a schematic view of part of the fuselage of the aircraft shown in Figure 15;

Figures 21a and 22 illustrate the connection of electrical equipment to a junction box such as those shown in Figure 18 or Figure 19.

Figure 21b shows an example of a junction box seen in a sectional view taken along the line IIIa-IIIa of Figure 21a.

According to an embodiment in accordance with the first aspect of the invention, the aircraft 1 represented in FIG. 1 comprises a fuselage F and a set of electric generators comprising a first generator G1 associated with an engine E1 of the aircraft and a second generator G2 associated with an engine E2 of the aircraft. The aircraft 1 also comprises an electrical power distribution network 200. The electrical power distribution network includes a set of busbars, including a first busbar 120, 120a and a second busbar 220, 220a. Each of the two busbars comprises at least one part 120, respectively 220, extending in a longitudinal direction of the fuselage F. These two busbars follow segregated paths in the fuselage F of the aircraft, respectively in a left part of the fuselage (or port) for part 120 of the first busbar and in a straight part of the fuselage (or starboard) for part 220 of the second busbar. This avoids a common failure on the two busbars in the event of an incident in one part of the fuselage. Advantageously, the first busbar has a part 120a in a left wing of the aircraft and the second busbar has a part 220a in a right wing of the aircraft. Similar conductors of part 120a and part 120 are electrically connected to each other. Likewise, similar conductors of part 220a and part 220 are electrically connected to each other. The electrical power distribution network 200 also includes a switching system 30. This switching system is electrically connected to the first electrical generator G1 and to the second electrical generator G2, as well as to the first busbar 120, 120a and to the second set bars 220, 220a. The switching system 30 comprises a so-called normal operating mode, in which it is configured to electrically connect the first electrical generator G1 to the first busbar 120, 120a and the second electrical generator G2 to the second busbar 220, 220a. In a particular embodiment, the first electric generator G1 is electrically connected to the switching system 30 via dedicated conductors (or bars) of the first busbar 120, 120a and the second electric generator G2 is electrically connected to the switching system via dedicated conductors of the second busbar 220, 220a. For example, the first generator G1 located in the left wing of the aircraft, near the engine E1, is connected to dedicated conductors of part 120a of the first busbar, by a local electrical supply link between this generator and this part 120a of the first busbar. Similarly, the second generator G2 located in the right wing of the aircraft, near the engine E2, is connected to dedicated conductors of part 220a of the second busbar, by a local electrical supply link between this generator and this part

220a of the second busbar. This avoids the routing of specific wiring in the wings and in the fuselage of the aircraft. The aircraft 1 also comprises a set of electrical equipment distributed in the fuselage and each busbar of the busbar assembly comprises connection points at different locations distributed along its length. For reasons of clarity of the figure, this electrical equipment and these connection points are not represented in FIG. 1, but in FIG. 5 illustrating a part of the fuselage F. Thus, the aircraft 1 comprises a set of equipment electrical 40a ... 40j in the part of the fuselage shown in Figure 5. These electrical equipment each require an electrical supply to operate. The first busbar 120 has connection points 24a ... 24h at different locations distributed along its length, in its part shown in the figure. The second busbar 220 has connection points 24i ... 24p at different locations distributed along its length, in its part shown in the figure. Each of the electrical items of the set of electrical items is connected to a connection point of a busbar of the set of busbars, via a local electrical supply link 42. Thus, for example, the electrical equipment 40a is connected to connection point 24a of the first busbar 120. Electrical equipment 40b, 40c and 40d are connected to connection point 24d. The electrical equipment 40e and 40f are connected to the connection point 24g. The electrical equipment 40g is connected to the connection point 24i of the second busbar 220. The electrical equipment 40h and 40i are connected to the connection point 24I. The 40j electrical equipment is connected to the 24o connection point. Advantageously, the connection points 24a, 24d, 24g, 24i, 24I and 24o receiving local power supply connections 42 of electrical equipment are equipped with junction boxes provided with sockets or connectors allowing these connections to be easily connected local electrical supply 42. Also advantageously, the other connection points not receiving a local electrical supply link are not equipped with such junction boxes in order to limit the weight of the aircraft. In a particular embodiment, two consecutive connection points of a busbar are spaced at a distance of approximately 50 to 70 cm. This distance corresponds for example to the distance between two structural frames of the aircraft. The junction boxes can for example be installed every 4 or 5 connection points in a major part of the fuselage. However, in areas of the fuselage corresponding to a particularly high density of electrical equipment, all connection points, or sometimes one connection point in two, can be fitted with junction boxes.

The busbar assembly forms an infrastructure for the aircraft’s electrical power distribution network 200. The various electrical equipment 40a ... 40i are each connected to a connection point of a busbar by a local electrical supply link 42. It is thus possible to easily add new electrical equipment to the fuselage, without modify this infrastructure: it suffices to set up a local power supply link between this new equipment and a connection point of a busbar. Preferably, this connection point is chosen as close as possible, on the busbar considered, to the new electrical equipment. This addition of new electrical equipment can be expected both during the manufacturing of the aircraft, as well as when the configuration of the aircraft is changed after delivery to an airline. It is also easy to move electrical equipment in the fuselage of the aircraft, for example during a modification of the configuration of the aircraft: it suffices to remove its original local power supply link, d '' bring the electrical equipment to its new position in the fuselage and set up a new local electrical supply link to another connection point of a busbar. Using a busbar assembly rather than a cable harness also reduces the weight of the aircraft's electrical power distribution network. In fact, the electrical conductors of a busbar used in common by several electrical equipment require a dimensioning less than the sum of the dimensioning of separate cables, in harnesses, supplying these same electrical equipment.

In another embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the aircraft 1 also comprises a third generator G3 near the engine E1 and a fourth generator G4 near the engine E2. The busbar assembly further includes a third busbar 320, 320a and a fourth busbar 420, 420a. The third busbar and the fourth busbar each have a part 320, respectively 420, extending in a longitudinal direction of the fuselage F. The four busbars follow segregated paths in the fuselage, as shown in FIG. 3 As indicated above, the part 120 of the first busbar travels in a left part of the fuselage and the part 220 of the second busbar travels in a right part of the fuselage. Likewise, the part 320 of the third busbar travels in a left part of the fuselage and the part 420 of the fourth busbar travels in a right part of the fuselage. Part 120 of the first busbar and part 220 of the second busbar run through an upper part of the fuselage, while part 320 of the third busbar and part 420 of the fourth busbar run through a lower part of the fuselage fuselage. Advantageously, the third busbar has a part 320a in the left wing of the aircraft and the fourth busbar has a part 420a in the right wing of the aircraft. As the first busbar 120, 120a and the second busbar 220, 220a, the third busbar 320, 320a and the fourth busbar 420, 420a are also connected to switching system 30. In the operating mode normal, the switching system 30 is configured to electrically connect the third electrical generator G3 to the third busbar and the fourth electrical generator G4 to the fourth busbar. In a particular embodiment, the third electric generator G3 is electrically connected to the switching system 30 via dedicated conductors (or bars) of the third busbar 320, 320a and the fourth electric generator G4 is electrically connected to the switching system via dedicated conductors of the fourth busbar 420, 420a. For example, the third generator G3 located in the left wing of the aircraft, near the engine E1, is connected to dedicated conductors of part 320a of the third busbar, by a local electrical supply link between this generator and this part 320a of the third busbar. Similarly, the fourth generator G4 located in the right wing of the aircraft, near the engine E2, is connected to dedicated conductors of part 420a of the fourth busbar, by a local electrical supply link between this generator and this part 420a of the fourth busbar.

In an exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 4, a busbar 20 of the busbar assembly comprises a set of electrical conductors corresponding to bars 25a, 25b, 25c. Although three bars 25a, 25b and 25c are shown in the figure, this number of bars should not be interpreted as limiting the invention. A person skilled in the art will know how to adapt the number of bars according to the different electrical voltages to be distributed to the electrical equipment of the aircraft by means of the electrical power distribution network 200 and according to the number of distinct segregations required. These bars run parallel or substantially parallel along a length of the busbar 20. They are separated from each other by an electrically insulating material 22, for example a plastic material or air. The set of bars is surrounded by an envelope 28. According to one embodiment, this envelope is formed from an electrically insulating material. According to another embodiment, the casing 28 is formed from an electrically conductive material. An electrically insulating material 22 is then placed between the bars 25a, 25b and 25c on the one hand and the casing 28 on the other hand. This other embodiment is advantageous because it allows the casing 28 to be used as an electrical current return conductor (for example neutral conductor in alternating current, 0 volts in direct voltage, etc.) and / or in as electromagnetic shielding making it possible to avoid electromagnetic disturbances of electrical equipment of the aircraft by electric currents flowing in the bars 25a, 25b, 25c. The busbar part 20 shown in the figure has a connection point 24. This connection point has an opening 29 in the casing 28, for example on an upper face (in the figure) of said casing. The opening 29 thus delimits two parts 28a and 28b of the upper face of the envelope 28. The part of the set of bars 25a, 25b, 25c situated opposite the opening 29 is devoid of insulation 28 when this insulator corresponds to a plastic material, so as to allow the connection of a connection means on the bars 25a, 25b, 25c through the opening 29. Such a connection means corresponds for example to a connector comprising sets of blades forming a spring, capable of being placed on the bars.

Advantageously, the switching system 30 includes a so-called reconfigured operating mode, capable of being activated in the event of a failure in the electrical power distribution network. In the reconfigured operating mode, according to a first variant, the switching system 30 is configured to establish electrical connections between on the one hand the electric generators G1, G2 (and possibly G3, G4 according to the embodiment) of the set of electrical generators and on the other hand the busbars of the set of busbars, these electrical connections being modified with respect to electrical connections established in the normal operating mode. According to a second variant, the switching system 30 is configured to establish electrical connections between busbars of the busbar assembly. This second variant can be combined with the first variant. For example, in the event of failure of the generator G3 (which supplies the third busbar 320, 320a in the normal operating mode) the switching system modifies the electrical connections so as to supply the first busbar 120, 120a, thus as the third busbar 320, 320a, from the generator G1.

In a particular embodiment, the switching system comprises a main switching device and at least one secondary switching device remote from the main switching device. The main switching device is similar to the switching system 30 shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3 and described above. It performs, for example, an electrical heart function of the aircraft. The at least one secondary switching device is controlled by the switching system 30 to which it is connected by a specific communication link or by an aircraft communication network. In the example shown in FIGS. 6a and 6b, a secondary switching device 32a is offset at one end of the busbars of the busbar assembly, for example in a rear part or in a front part of the fuselage F of the aircraft. The secondary switching device 32a comprises four switches K1, K2, K3, K4, corresponding for example to contactors which can be controlled by the switching system

30. For example, these contactors include at least as many contacts as the busbars include electrical conductors 25a, 25b, 25c, etc. In the normal operating mode of the switching system, as shown in FIG. 6a, the contacts of switches K1, K2, K3 and K4 are open, so that they do not establish any connection between the busbars 120, 220, 320 and 420. FIG. 6b illustrates a situation in which a failure X has occurred on the first busbar 120. This failure has the effect of electrically isolating between them two parts 120x and 120y of the first busbar 120. As a result, in normal operating mode, the part 120y of the first busbar is no longer supplied by the first generator G1 via the switching system 30. To provide a solution to this problem, in the reconfigured operating mode , the switching system controls the remote switching device 32a, so as to close the contacts of switch K1. This has the effect of connecting similar conductors to one another on the one hand from the part 120y of the first busbar and on the other hand from the third busbar 320. This part 120y of the first busbar is then supplied by the third generator G3 via the switching system 30.

In an advantageous embodiment, at least one of the busbars of the busbar assembly comprises at least two sections arranged end to end and electrically connected to each other. This is particularly advantageous when the aircraft 1 is formed by assembling sections of the fuselage F. These fuselage sections are then pre-equipped with busbar sections which are connected together during or after the assembly of the fuselage sections. For example, each of the parts 120, 220, 320 and 420 of the first, second, third and fourth busbars is composed of an assembly of sections of busbars arranged end to end and electrically connected to each other. According to a first alternative, the busbar sections are specific to the fuselage sections in which they are integrated. According to a second alternative, each section of busbars integrated into a fuselage section consists of an assembly of modular sections of busbars arranged end to end and electrically connected to each other. Advantageously, these modular sections of busbars correspond to a limited number of lengths judiciously chosen so as to allow the pre-equipment of the various fuselage sections by combination of modular sections corresponding to these predefined lengths.

In particular, a secondary switching device 32b is electrically connected to two consecutive sections (or two modular sections) of a busbar. In an example shown in FIGS. 7a and 7b, a secondary switching device 32b is put in place between on the one hand two busbar sections 120j and 220j and on the other hand two busbar sections 120k and 220k. The sections 120j and 120k correspond to two consecutive sections of the first busbar 120. The sections 220j and 220k correspond to two consecutive sections of the second busbar 220. The secondary switching device 32b comprises four switches K11, K12, K13, K14 , corresponding for example to contactors which can be controlled by the switching system 30. For example, these contactors include at least as many contacts as the busbars include electrical conductors 25a, 25b, 25c, etc. In the normal operating mode of the switching system, as shown in FIG. 7a, the contacts of switches K11 and K12 are closed so as to establish electrical connections between similar electrical conductors of sections 120j and 120k of the first set of busbars d 'on the one hand and 220j and 220k of the second busbar on the other hand. The contacts of switches K13 and K14 are open, so that they do not establish any connection between the first busbar and the second busbar. FIG. 7b illustrates a situation in which a failure X has occurred on the section 120j first busbar 120. The switching system 30, although not shown in the figure, is considered to be to the left of the sections 120j and 220j in the figure . The failure X has the effect of interrupting the power supply to the 120k busbar by the generator G1 via the switching system 30 and the busbar 120j. To solve this problem, in a reconfigured operating mode, the switching system 30 controls the opening of the contacts of switch K11 and the closing of the contacts of switch K14. This has the effect of connecting together the similar contacts of the section 220j of the second busbar and of the section 120k of the first busbar. This section 120k of the first busbar is then supplied by the second generator G2 via the switching system 30 and the busbar 220j.

According to an embodiment in accordance with the second aspect of the invention, as shown in FIG. 8, the modular element 60 for a mixed electrical power distribution and data communication network of an aircraft comprises:

- a section of a set of 20t electrical power distribution bars, extending along a length L of the modular element 60; and

- a set of data links 50t, this set of data links extending along said length L of the modular element, substantially parallel to the busbar section 20t.

Preferably, the busbar section 20t and the data link assembly 50t are mounted integral with one another. For this, in the example shown in FIG. 8, the busbar section 20t and the set of data links 50t are fixed on a common support 62. In another exemplary embodiment, not shown, the connections of data from the data link assembly 50t is attached to the busbar section 20t. In a particular embodiment in which these data links correspond to sheets of optical fibers, these sheets of optical fibers are for example glued to one face of the busbar section 20t.

According to a first alternative, the data links of the set of data links 50t correspond to twisted pairs of copper or aluminum wires. According to another alternative, the data links correspond to optical fibers. In addition to a significant weight gain, these optical fibers have the advantage of being insensitive to possible electromagnetic disturbances which could be produced when an electric current flows in bars of the 20t busbar section.

The busbar section 20t has connection points 24 at different locations distributed along its length. The set of data links 50t comprises connection points 54 at different locations distributed along its length and each arranged near (or facing) a connection point 24 of the busbar section 20t. The modular element 60 thus comprises pairs of connection points, each comprising on the one hand a connection point 24 of the busbar section 20t and on the other hand the connection point 54 of the set of data links 50t, located near said connection point 24. The busbar section 20t has a first interconnection point 27a and the data link assembly 50t has a first interconnection point 57a. These first interconnection points 27a and 57a are located at a first longitudinal end Ext1 of the modular element 60. These first interconnection points 27a and 57a are provided for connecting the busbar section 20t and the assembly of connections of data 50t respectively to a busbar section and to a set of data links of a first other modular element arranged longitudinally in series with the modular element 60. The busbar section 20t comprises a second point of interconnection 27b and the data link assembly 50t includes a second interconnection point 57b. These second interconnection points 27b and 57b are located at a second longitudinal end Ext2 of the modular element 60. These second interconnection points 27b and 57b are provided for connecting the busbar section 20t and the assembly of connections 50t of data respectively to a busbar section and to a set of data links of a second other modular element arranged longitudinally in series with the modular element 60.

The set of data links 50t also includes at least one connection point, known as a patch point, designed to receive a patch bay. According to a first variant, this at least one patch point is located at a longitudinal end of the modular element 60. In the example shown in FIG. 8, the data link assembly 50t comprises two patch points 55a and 55b located respectively at the first longitudinal end Ext1 and at the second longitudinal end Ext2 of the modular element 60. According to a second variant illustrated in FIG. 9, the at least one patch point 55 is located between two connection points 54 of the 50t data link set. These two variants can be combined with one another: the modular element 60 then has one or two patch points 55a, 55b at at least one of its longitudinal ends Ext, Ext2, as well as at least one patch point located between two connection points 54.

The set of data links 50t also includes at least one data link between on the one hand each of the connection points distributed along its length and on the other hand the patch point. These data links 56 are not shown in Figures 8 and 9 for reasons of clarity of said figures. As shown in FIG. 10 schematically illustrating the data links corresponding to FIG. 8, at least one data link is provided between on the one hand each patch point 55a, 55b and on the other hand each connection point 54a , 54b ... 54f. For example, the set of data links 50t comprises at least one data link 56b1 between the patch point 55a and the connection point 54b and at least one data link 56b2 between the patch point 55b and the connection point 54b. Several data links 56 can be provided between each patch point 55a, 55b and the different connection points 54a ... 54f, although only one link is shown in FIG. 10. In particular, when the data links are implemented by means of optical fibers, each link shown in the figure may in fact correspond to a set of optical fibers, for example 8 optical fibers.

Advantageously, the set of data links 50t also includes data links 58 between the first interconnection point 57a and the second interconnection point 57b. These data links 58 are in particular useful for making it possible to establish communications passing through several modular elements 60.

In the example shown in Figure 11 schematically illustrating the data links corresponding to Figure 9, at least one data link 56a, 56b, ... 56f is provided between the patch point 55 and each connection point 54a, 54b ... 54f. In addition, at least one data link 58b is provided between the patch point 55 and each interconnection point 57a, 57b.

The patch point (s) is (are) designed to receive a patch bay. The modular element 60 comprises for example at least one fixing provided to allow the fixing of the patch bay on the modular element. This attachment may in particular correspond to a nut or a screw, to a mechanical part intended to cooperate with a part of the patch bay so as to clip it onto the modular element, etc. Advantageously, in the patch points 55, 55a, 55b, the data links 56 arrive on one or more patch connectors which can be integrated in the corresponding patch bay.

An example of interconnection of two consecutive modular elements is illustrated in FIG. 12, in the case of modular elements 60i, 60i + 1 similar to the modular element 60 represented in FIG. 8. The first end Ext1 of the element module 60i + 1 is connected to the second end Ext2 of the modular element 60i. For this, these two ends are arranged end to end, close to each other, so that the first interconnection point 27a of the busbar 20t of the modular element 60i + 1 faces the second interconnection point 27b of the busbar 20t of the modular element 60i and the first interconnection point 57a of the data link assembly 50t of the modular element 60i + 1 faces the second interconnection point 57b of the data link assembly 50t of the modular element 60i. The similar conductors of the connection points 27a and 27b are electrically connected to each other by means of electrical connections 66. In a first embodiment, the connection points 27a and 27b correspond to terminal blocks and the electrical connections 66 then correspond to cables of appropriate section. In a second embodiment, the connection points 27a and 27b correspond to connectors. The electrical connections 66 then correspond for example to a connection of said connectors. In particular, when they are connected, these connectors can slide longitudinally relative to one another so as to absorb longitudinal displacements of the two modular elements relative to each other, in particular during deformations structural of the aircraft in which the modular elements are installed. A patch bay 64 is installed so as to receive the interconnection points 57a of the modular element 60i + 1 and 57b of the modular element 60i, as well as the patch points 55a of the modular element 60i + 1 and 55b of the modular element 60i. Advantageously, these interconnection and patching points are equipped with connectors which are then integrated into the patching bay. The patch bay allows the required interconnections to be put in place, for example by means of jumpers. It also allows the integration of active elements, for example of the switch type or of the router type, when such equipment is required to make the interconnections. These active elements correspond, for example, to switches or routers of the Ethernet type or of the USB type. The jumpers correspond to wired jumpers when the data links are of wired type (for example twisted pairs of copper or aluminum wires) or to optical jumpers when the data links correspond to optical fibers. The patch bay receiving the interconnection points 57a, 57b and the patch points 55a, 55b, allows the installation of jumpers to make different types of interconnections. A first type of interconnection corresponds to an interconnection of a first link between one of the patch points 55a, 55b and a connection point 24 of the data link assembly of one of the modular elements 60i, 60i + 1, with a second link between one of the patch points 55a, 55b and a connection point 24 of the data link assembly of one of the modular elements 60i, 60i + 1. A second type of interconnection corresponds to an interconnection of a first link between one of the patch points 55a, 55b and a connection point 24 of the data link assembly of one of the modular elements 60i, 60i + 1, with a second link arriving at one of the interconnection points 57a, 57b. A third type of interconnection corresponds to an interconnection of a first link arriving on one of the interconnection points 57a, 57b, with a second link arriving on the other of the interconnection points 57a, 57b. Several modes of installation of patch bay 64 are possible without departing from the scope of the invention. In a first example, the patch bay is fixed to at least one of the modular elements 60i, 60i + 1 so as to cover the patch points 55a, 55b and the interconnection points 57a, 57b, which enter the brewing bay by one or more cutouts thereof. In a second example, the patch bay is fixed either on at least one of the modular elements 60i, 60i + 1, near its end Ext2, Ext1, or on the structure of the aircraft near the ends Ext2, Ext1 of the modular elements 60i, 60i + 1, without the patching bay covering these interconnection and patching points. The interconnection points 57a, 57b and the patch points 55a, 55b are then arranged at the ends of the data links of the sets of data links 50t sufficiently long and flexible enough to allow the integration of said interconnection points and patching in patch bay 64.

In a particular embodiment shown in FIG. 13, each of the different pairs of connection points 24, 54 of the modular element 60 is designed to receive a mixed junction box for electrical power distribution and data communication 68. Such a mixed junction box allows the connection of one or more local electrical power distribution and / or data distribution links to one or more electrical equipment items of the aircraft. The use of mixed junction boxes facilitates the connection of electrical equipment to modular elements 60: thus, it is not necessary to connect each electrical equipment to the 20t busbar section and to a data link of the set of 50t data links. The junction box 68 is for example provided with connectors facilitating the connection of local connections to the electrical equipment. Advantageously, a pair of connection points is only equipped with a junction box if an electrical equipment is connected to this pair of connection points. This is to avoid an unnecessary increase in the mass of the aircraft.

In another particular embodiment, the busbar section 20t comprises at least one flexible part designed to allow deformations of the modular element 60 in response to deformations of the fuselage F of an aircraft when the modular element is installed in said fuselage of an aircraft. For example, to produce such a flexible part, each electrically conductive element of the busbar section 20t comprises a spring over part of its length.

In a particular embodiment, the length L of a modular element 60 is between 3 and 10 meters, preferably between 6 and 10 meters. In particular, two consecutive pairs of connection points of the modular element are spaced by a distance of about 50 to 70cm. This distance corresponds for example to the distance between two structural frames of the aircraft. The junction boxes 68 can for example be installed every 4 or 5 pairs of connection points in a major part of the fuselage. However, in areas of the fuselage corresponding to a particularly high density of electrical equipment, all the pairs of connection points, or sometimes a couple of connection points, can be fitted with junction boxes.

The invention also relates to an aircraft 1 comprising a fuselage F and a set of electrical equipment distributed in the fuselage. As shown in FIG. 14, the aircraft comprises a mixed electrical power distribution and data communication network 600 comprising a set of modular elements 60a ... 60q similar to the above-mentioned modular element 60. The mixed network 600 includes a first mixed electrical power distribution and data communication sub-network 160, 160a. This first mixed sub-network is formed by assembling between them modular elements 60a ... 60h forming a first subset of the set of modular elements. The first mixed sub-network includes a part 160 which extends longitudinally in the fuselage F of the aircraft. Advantageously, it also includes a part 160a which extends into the left wing of the aircraft. The mixed network 600 also includes a second mixed electrical power distribution and data communication sub-network 260, 260a. This second mixed sub-network is formed by assembling between them modular elements 60i ... 60q forming a second subset of the set of modular elements. The second mixed sub-network comprises a part 260 which extends longitudinally in the fuselage F of the aircraft. Advantageously, it also includes a part 260a which extends into the right wing of the aircraft. The first sub-network 160, 160a and the second sub-network 260, 260a take segregated paths in the fuselage F, for example in a left part of the fuselage for the first sub-network and in a right part of the fuselage for the second sub network, as shown in Figure 14. Two consecutive modular elements are for example assembled together as described with reference to Figure 12. Each electrical equipment of the set of electrical equipment is connected to a connection point 24 of the section of busbar 20t of a modular element 60a ... 60q via a local electrical supply link and / or to a connection point 54 of the set of data links 50t of said modular element by a local data link. For the sake of clarity in FIG. 14, the electrical equipment and the local connections are not shown. The use of modular elements in accordance with the invention to build the mixed network 600 makes it possible to easily adapt this network to any type of aircraft, without requiring busbars or specific data link sets. to the aircraft in question, in particular with regard to their length. The use of one or a few types of modular elements of predetermined lengths makes it possible to adapt such a network to any type of aircraft.

According to an embodiment in accordance with the third aspect of the invention, the aircraft 1 shown in FIG. 15 comprises a fuselage F and a set of electric generators comprising a first generator G1 associated with an engine E1 of the aircraft and a second generator G2 associated with an engine E2 of the aircraft. The aircraft 1 also comprises a mixed electrical power distribution and data communication network 600. The mixed network 600 comprises a set of busbars, among which a first busbar and a second busbar. A set of data links is associated with each busbar in the busbar set. Each set of data links extends substantially parallel to the busbar with which it is associated. The first busbar and the set of data links associated with this first busbar form a first mixed electrical power distribution and data communication subnetwork 160, 160a. The second busbar and the set of data links associated with this second busbar form a second mixed electrical power distribution and data communication subnetwork 260, 260a. Each of the two subnetworks comprises at least one part 160, respectively 260, extending in a longitudinal direction of the fuselage F. These two subnetworks take segregated paths in the fuselage F of the aircraft, respectively in a left part of the fuselage (or port) for part 160 of the first sub-network and in a right part of the fuselage (or starboard) for part 260 of the second sub-network. This avoids a common failure on both subnets in the event of an incident in a part of the fuselage. Advantageously, the first subnetwork comprises a part 160a in a left wing of the aircraft and the second subnetwork comprises a part 260a in a right wing of the aircraft. Advantageously, the electrical power distribution network also includes a switching system 30. This switching system is electrically connected to the first electrical generator G1 and to the second electrical generator G2, as well as to the first busbar of the first sub- network 160, 160a and to the second busbar of the second sub-network 260, 260a. The switching system 30 includes a so-called normal operating mode, in which it is configured to electrically connect the first electric generator G1 to the first busbar and the second electric generator G2 to the second busbar. The aircraft 1 also comprises a set of electrical equipment distributed in the fuselage. For reasons of clarity of the figure, these electrical devices are not shown in FIG. 15.

As shown in FIG. 16, each busbar 20 of the busbar assembly comprises connection points 24 at different locations distributed along its length and each set of data links 50 comprises connection points 54 at different locations distributed along its length. The connection points 54 are each arranged near (or facing) a connection point 24 of the busbar 20 with which the set of data links 50 is associated, so as to form pairs of connection points comprising each a connection point 24 of the busbar and a connection point 54 of the set of associated data links. In a particular embodiment, two consecutive pairs of connection points are spaced by a distance of about 50 to 70 cm. This distance corresponds for example to the distance between two structural frames of the aircraft.

Although the mixed electrical power distribution and data communication network 600 has been described in the particular case where it comprises 2 subnetworks 160, 160a and 260, 260a, the third aspect of the invention is in no way limited to this number of subnets. For example, the mixed network 600 can comprise 4 subnetworks using segregated paths in the fuselage of the aircraft, in the same way as the electrical power distribution network 200 in accordance with the first aspect of the invention can comprise 4 sets of bars following paths segregated in the fuselage.

In an advantageous embodiment, at least one busbar 20 of the busbar assembly comprises at least two modular sections arranged end to end and electrically connected to each other. This at least one busbar is part of one of the subnetworks 160, 160a or 260, 260a. Each of said at least two modular sections of the at least one busbar forms part of a modular element also comprising a set of data links extending substantially parallel to the modular section considered. Such a modular element corresponds for example to the modular element 60 according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the invention. The sets of data links of consecutive modular elements are interconnected so as to form the set of data links 50 associated with the busbar 20 considered.

Advantageously, the mixed electrical power distribution and data communication network 600 comprises a set of junction boxes, each junction box 70 being connected to a pair of connection points 24, 54 as shown in FIG. 17. These junction boxes are designed to allow the electrical equipment of the aircraft to be connected to the connection points 24 of the busbar 20 and to the connection points 54 of the set of data links 50. Also advantageously, the number junction boxes 70 installed on the electrical power distribution and data distribution sub-networks is a function of the density of the electrical equipment in the fuselage F of the aircraft. For example, in areas of the fuselage where the density of electrical equipment is medium, the junction boxes can be installed every 4 or 5 pairs of connection points 24, 54, as shown in the lower part of Figure 17. In areas of the fuselage where the density of electrical equipment is higher, the junction boxes can be installed every 2 pairs of connection points, or even on each couple of connection points, as shown in the upper part of FIG. 17.

Also advantageously, the set of data links 50 comprises at least one particular connection point, called patch point 55. This at least one patch point 55 is provided for receiving a patch bay 64. The set of data links 50 includes data links between the patch point 55 and various connection points 54. The patch bay makes it possible to connect said data links to one another by means of jumpers.

Each of the electrical items of the set of electrical items of equipment is connected to a pair of connection points via a local electrical supply link 42 and / or via a local data link 43, as shown in FIG. 20. The aircraft 1 comprises a set of electrical equipment 40a ... 40j in the part of the fuselage F shown in the figure. This electrical equipment each requires a power supply to operate, except the 40g equipment which is self-sufficient in energy. Electrical equipment, except 40d equipment, also each requires a data link. Each electrical equipment is connected to a single pair of connection points, by means of said local connections 42 and / or 43, preferably via a junction box 70a ... 70f. In the fuselage part shown in the figure, the part 160 of the first sub-network is equipped with 3 junction boxes 70a, 70b, 70c and the part 260 of the second sub-network is equipped with 3 junction boxes 70d, 70e, 70f. The electrical equipment 40a is connected to the junction box 70a by a local power supply link 42 and by a local data link 43. The electrical equipment 40b and 40c are connected to the junction box 70b by a connection local power supply 42 and by a local data link 43. The electrical equipment 40d is connected to the junction box 70b only by a local power supply link 42. The electrical equipment 40e and 40f are connected to the junction box 70c by a local power supply link 42 and by a local data link 43. The electrical equipment 40g is connected to the junction box 70d only by a local data link 43. The electrical equipment 40h and 40i are connected to the junction box 70e by a local power supply link 42 and by a local data link 43. The equipment electrical ent 40j is connected to the junction box 70f by a local electrical supply link 42 and by a local data link 43. In a particular embodiment, the junction boxes 70a, 70b, 70c on the one hand and 70d, 70e, 70f on the other hand are installed every 4 or 5 pairs of connection points, respectively on part 160 of the first sub-network and on part 260 of the second sub-network. When the pairs of connection points are spaced 50 cm apart, for example, two consecutive junction boxes are then spaced about 2 meters apart.

In an embodiment shown in FIG. 18, a junction box 70 includes a power supply connector 724, a data link connector 754 and a set of locations E1, E2, ... E6 designed to receive each an interface module. The power supply connector 724 is designed to cooperate with the connection point 24 of the pair of connection points to which the junction box is connected. The data link connector 754 is designed to cooperate with the connection point 54 of the set of data links belonging to the pair of connection points to which the junction box is connected. This data link connector corresponds for example to at least one multi-optical fiber connector when the data links of the distribution network 600 correspond to optical fibers. The junction box 70 also includes a set of electrical connections 72 extending between the power supply connector 724 and the various locations E1, E2, ... E6 provided for receiving the interface modules, as well as a set of data links 75 extending between the data link connector 754 and the various locations provided for receiving the interface modules.

In a variant shown in FIG. 19, the data links of the distribution network 600 correspond to optical fibers and the junction box 70 further comprises a data link converter 78. This converter is provided for converting communications by fibers optical in wired communications and vice versa. The data link assembly 75 then includes fiber optic data links 75a between the data link connector 754 and the data link converter 78, as well as data links 75b using electrical signals between the data converter data links 78 and the various locations E1, E2, ... E6 provided for receiving the interface modules. This variant has the advantage of allowing communications by optical fibers over the set of data links of the mixed network 600 of electrical power distribution and data communication. These communications are thus insensitive to electromagnetic disturbances. These communications by optical fibers are transformed into wired communications in the junction box 70, which allows a wired connection of the data links 75b with the interface modules capable of being installed in the locations E1, E2, ... E6 . Such a wired connection has better reliability than an optical connection insofar as the interface modules are liable to be replaced or moved. Indeed, such a wired connection is less sensitive to dust and vibrations than an optical connection.

In an exemplary embodiment, the connectors 724 and 754 are arranged on a rear face of the junction box 70. The electrical connections 72 and the data links 75 are produced by means of a backplane board of the junction box . These connections arrive on connectors of the backplane board, arranged opposite the locations E1, E2, ... E6 so that the interface modules capable of being installed in said locations can be plugged into these connectors .

In a first particular embodiment shown in FIG. 21a, electrical equipment 40k ... 40q are connected to electrical interface modules Pa, Pb by local electrical supply links 42k ... 42q and / or to data link interface modules Da, Db by local data links 43k ... 43q. In the example shown in the figure, the electrical interface modules Pa, Pb are respectively installed in the locations E2, E6 of the junction box 70 and the data link interface modules Da, Db are respectively installed in the locations E3, E5 of the junction box 70. In this first embodiment, electrical equipment which requires an electrical supply and a data link is connected to an electrical interface module by a local electrical supply link and to a data link interface module through a local data link. For example, the electrical equipment 40k is connected to the electrical interface module Pa by a local power supply link 42k and to the data link interface module Da by a local data link 43k. Advantageously, the local power supply links 42k ... 42q and the local data links 43k ... 43q are terminated by connectors capable of cooperating with connectors of the interface modules. Also advantageously, the rear face of the junction box 70 includes supports designed to hold in position the connectors of the local power supply links and of the local data links, so that these connectors are connected to the corresponding connectors of the interface modules when the interface modules are installed in their respective locations in the junction box. This advantageously makes it possible to remove and install the interface modules in the locations E1, E2, ... E6 of the junction box without having to manipulate the connectors of the various data links. This also makes it possible to avoid connection errors of said links.

In an example shown in FIG. 21b, the junction box includes a backplane card 73. The connectors 724 and 754 are integral with the backplane card. These connectors are arranged in such a way that when the junction box is installed on a couple of connection points, as shown in the figure, the power supply connector 724 is connected to the connection point of the busbar 20 and the connector of data links 754 can receive a connector of one end 54x of data links of the connection point of the set of data links 50. In the figure, the interface module Da is shown inserted in a slot of the junction box 70. This interface module is connected to the backplane 73 by means of a power supply connector 72i and a data link connector 75i. The arrow F represents a direction of extraction (upwards in the figure) and insertion (downwards in the figure) of the interface module in the junction box 70. The local data links 43k and 43I to the electrical equipment 40k and 40I are terminated by respective connectors Ck and Cl connected to the interface module. Advantageously, as indicated above, the rear face of the junction box 70 (shown at the bottom in the figure) includes supports, not shown, intended to hold the connectors Ck and Cl in position. Although this example is described for the module Da interface module, it is in no way limited to this interface module and it can be applied to all the interface modules of the junction box.

In particular, each electrical interface module is chosen from the following set:

- an electrical connection module, making it possible to establish an electrical connection between busbar conductors, via the electrical connections 72 of the junction box, and the connectors provided for local electrical supply connections to electrical equipment;

- an electrical switching module for controlling the electrical supply of electrical equipment from a remote system. This electrical switching module comprises a switch placed in series on an electrical connection between busbar conductors (via the electrical connections 72 of the junction box) and a connector provided for a local electrical supply link to said electrical equipment. . The switching module is connected to the remote system via one of the data links 75. Depending on orders received from the remote system, the switching module controls the opening or closing of the switch so as to control the power supply. electrical equipment;

an electrical voltage conversion module which comprises a converter supplied from the electrical voltages present on the busbar conductors, via the electrical connections 72 of the junction box. This converter corresponds for example to a transformer, to a DC-DC voltage converter, to a transformer-rectifier assembly, etc. At least one output of the converter is connected to a connector provided for a local electrical supply link to electrical equipment; and

- an electrical protection module. This electrical protection module comprises a circuit breaker placed in series on an electrical connection between busbar conductors (via the electrical connections 72 of the junction box) and a connector provided for a local electrical supply link to electrical equipment .

Still more particularly, each data link interface module is chosen from the following set:

- a data link connection module, making it possible to establish at least one connection between a data link of the set of data links 50 associated with the busbar 20, via one of the links 75 of the box branch, and a connector provided for a local data link to electrical equipment;

- a data link conversion module. This module includes a converter connected to a data link of the set of data links 50 associated with the busbar 20, via one of the links 75 of the junction box. Furthermore, this converter is connected to a connector provided for a local data link to electrical equipment. For example, this converter converts an optical data link on the set of data links to a wired data link on the local data link. In another example, this converter makes it possible to convert an Ethernet type data link on the set of data links into a USB type data link on the local data link;

- a wireless data link module. This module comprises a wireless communication transceiver, connected to a data link of the set of data links 50 associated with the busbar 20, via one of the links 75 of the junction box. The local data links between this interface module and electrical equipment are then of the wireless type, for example of the WiFi type; and

- a data acquisition and concentration module. The electrical equipment connected to this module by local data links are for example sensors. The module comprises an electronic circuit connected to a data link of the set of data links 50 associated with the busbar 20, via one of the links 75 of the junction box. This electronic circuit is designed to acquire data supplied by the sensors, to concentrate data from different sensors and to transmit this data over said data link of the set of data links.

In particular, the junction box 70 may include a mixed interface module providing an electrical interface module function, as mentioned above, and a data link interface module function, as mentioned above. In certain circumstances, this mixed interface module can respond to space requirements of the locations of the junction box 70.

In a second particular embodiment shown in FIG. 22, electrical equipment 40r, 40s are each connected to a respective connector 79r, 79s of the junction box 70, by respective local links 423r, 423s. These local links are of the mixed power supply and data link type. The connector 79r and the connector 79s of the junction box are each connected to an electrical interface module P and to a data link interface module D, by internal links to the junction box. Thus, the connector 79r is connected to the electrical interface module P by an electrical link 412r and to the data link interface module D by a data link 413r. The connector 79s is connected to the electrical interface module P by an electrical link 412s and to the data link interface module D by a data link 413s. Preferably, the pinout of the various connectors 79r, 79s of the junction box is similar for all of said connectors. This allows identical mixed local connections to be used between the different electrical equipment and the connectors of the junction boxes to which these electrical equipment are connected. This results in a simplification of the connections of the electrical equipment by means of said mixed local links. Although this second particular embodiment is described with two electrical devices and two interface modules, it is in no way limited to these numbers of electrical devices and interface modules. Advantageously, as for the local connections of the electrical equipment of the first particular embodiment, the internal connections 412r, 412s, 413r, 413s are terminated by connectors capable of cooperating with connectors of the interface modules P and D. The rear face of the junction box 70 includes supports designed to hold the connectors of said internal links in position, so that these connectors are connected to the corresponding connectors of the interface modules when the interface modules are installed in their respective locations from the junction box. This advantageously makes it possible to remove and install the interface modules in the locations E1, E2, ... E6 of the junction box without having to manipulate the connectors of the various internal links. This also makes it possible to avoid connection errors of said links.

The different embodiments, examples, variants and alternatives described in relation to the different aspects of the invention can be combined with one another without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, without limitation, the electrical power distribution network 200 of an aircraft according to the first aspect of the invention can be achieved by assembling modular elements 60 according to the second aspect of the invention. Likewise, the mixed electrical power distribution and data communication network 600 in accordance with the third aspect of the invention can be produced by assembling modular elements in accordance with the second aspect of the invention. For example again, the junction boxes 68 described in relation to the second aspect of the invention may be similar to the junction boxes 70 described in more detail in connection with the third aspect of the invention.

Claims (11)

1 - Aircraft (1) comprising: - a fuselage (F); -a set of electrical equipment (40a ... 40j), distributed in the fuselage; and - a mixed electrical power distribution and data communication network (600), characterized in that: - the mixed electrical power distribution and data communication network includes: . a busbar assembly, comprising at least one electrical power distribution busbar (20); and. at least one set of data links (50), - the mixed electrical power distribution and data communication network (600) is configured such that a set of data links (50) is associated with each busbar (20) of the set of bars; - each busbar of the set of busbars extends, at least in part, in a longitudinal direction of the fuselage (F); - each set of data links extends substantially parallel to the busbar with which it is associated; - each busbar (20) of the busbar assembly comprises connection points (24) at different locations distributed along its length; and - Each set of data links (50) comprises connection points (54) at different locations distributed along its length and each arranged near a connection point (24) of the busbar (20) with which the 'set of data links, so as to form pairs of connection points each comprising a busbar connection point and a connection point of the associated data link set; and -Each of the electrical equipment (40a ... 40j) of the set of electrical equipment is connected to a couple of connection points via a local electrical supply link (42) and / or via a local data link ( 43). 2- An aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that the mixed electrical power distribution and data communication network comprises a set of junction boxes (70), each junction box being connected to a pair of connection points ( 24, 54). 3- An aircraft according to claim 2, characterized in that a junction box (70) of the set of junction boxes comprises: - at least one power supply connector (724) configured to cooperate with the connection point (24) of the busbar belonging to the pair of connection points to which the junction box is connected; - at least one data link connector (754) configured to cooperate with the connection point (54) of the set of data links belonging to the pair of connection points to which the junction box is connected; and - a set of locations (E1 ... E6) intended to receive interface modules; - a set of electrical connections (72) extending between the electrical supply connector (724) and the various locations provided for receiving the interface modules; and - a set of data links (75) extending between the data link connector (754) and the various locations provided for receiving the interface modules. 4- aircraft according to claim 3, characterized in that it comprises: - at least one electrical interface module (Pa, Pb) in a location (E1 ... E6) of the junction box and / or at least one data link interface module (Da, Db) in a location of the junction box; and - at least one local electrical supply link (42) between said at least one electrical interface module (Pa, Pb) and electrical equipment (40a ... 40j) of the aircraft and / or at least one connection local data (43) between said at least one data link interface module (Da, Db) and electrical equipment (40a ... 40j) of the aircraft. 5- aircraft according to claim 4, characterized in that the electrical interface module (Pa, Pb) is chosen from the following set: - an electrical connection module; - an electrical switching module; - an electrical voltage conversion module; and - an electrical protection module. 6- Aircraft according to one of claims 4 or 5, characterized in that the data link interface module (Da, Db) is chosen from the following set: - a data link connection module; - a data link conversion module; - a wireless data link module; and - a data acquisition and concentration module. 7- aircraft according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that it comprises, in a location of the junction box (70), a mixed interface module ensuring a function of electrical interface module and a data link interface module function. 8- An aircraft according to any one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that: - the data links of the set of data links (50) associated with the busbar (20) correspond to optical fibers; - the set of data links (75) extending between the data link connector (754) and the various locations (E1 ... E6) provided for receiving the interface modules includes: . a data link converter (78); . fiber optic data links (75a) between the data link connector and the data link converter; . data links (75b) using electrical signals, between the data link converter and the various locations provided for receiving the interface modules. 5 9- Aircraft according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that: - at least one busbar (20) of the busbar assembly comprises at least two modular sections (20t) placed end to end and electrically connected to each other; 10 - each of the at least two modular sections (20t) of the at least one busbar forms part of a modular element (60) also comprising a set of data links (50t) extending substantially parallel to the modular section (20t) considered; and - data link sets of consecutive modular elements 15 are interconnected so as to form the set of data links (50) associated with the busbar (20) considered.