FR3067213A1 - METHOD FOR PRODUCING ROLLING STRIP - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of manufacturing all or part of a tread (2) of a mounted assembly (1) adapted to be mounted on a motor vehicle, comprising the steps of: - a step of constructing (103) at least a portion of a a tread according to laying characteristics on a tread-bearing surface, said building step being carried out by adding material by additive manufacturing carried out on said tread-bearing surface; the construction step (103) of the tread is performed on the mounted assembly (1), the latter being placed on the motor vehicle.

Description

PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING A TREAD

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a tread of a mounted assembly adapted to be mounted on a motor vehicle.

STATE OF THE PRIOR ART

Most of the wheels of vehicles used today are made up of an assembly in which there is a rim, made of sheet metal or a more noble alloy, on which a tire is mounted, hence the common name of "assembled assembly" . For more than 100 years already, this solution has been used on millions of vehicles, and is subject to continuous improvement.

Document FR 418002 describes an example of one of the first mounted assemblies using tires with reinforced beads. There are many reasons why mounted assemblies are used so widely. In comparison with previous solutions with hard wheels, the inflated part of the wheel acts as a shock absorber, considerably increasing the comfort of the passengers in the vehicle. The tire is also provided with a tread, the characteristics of which are provided according to the use and / or type of vehicle. However, this type of solution has certain drawbacks linked to the very nature of the concept, such as the risk of punctures. Today, many tire manufacturers are working on sophisticated products to reduce this risk. To date, no universal solution is truly available.

Nowadays, given the very large number of types of vehicles of all kinds, tires are produced in an equally large number of dimensions, making it possible to optimize the performance of the tire / vehicle couple. The rims also exist in a very large number of dimensions. This is not without presenting innumerable difficulties in terms of production lines and supply chains making it possible to ensure the storage and supply of such large numbers of product families. There is therefore a need for a simpler product, both in terms of manufacturing and that of distribution.

There are other types of wheels with non-inflated tires.

The document FR 2411721 describes for example elastic solid rubber tires for vehicle wheels such as industrial trucks and other similar vehicles. These solid tires are used in certain applications, preferably in tires, because of their insensitivity to perforations and their high radial rigidity ensuring low sagging under load. But because of their massive structure and the poor thermal conductivity of the rubber, they are subject to overheating, by hysteresis phenomenon when they are subjected to severe conditions of load and speed. This internal heating can reach a value such that it reduces the resistance properties of the rubber and greatly accelerates its degradation.

According to another example, document EP 2711199 describes a rigid solid wheel without inflation used in mobile irrigation systems. The wheel is made up of a central part surrounded by a thin rubber band, without inflation. This type of wheel is well suited for this very particular use where movement is limited, at low speed, and where the comfort criterion is not relevant.

In another example, document GB 2183565 describes a wheel with a tire without inflation, the cavity of which is filled with an insert made up of several layers of expanded plastic. This solution may be suitable for certain specific types of use, but has many drawbacks, including the risk of overheating due to friction between the insert and the tire.

The document US 2004012246 describes a wheel composed of a hub, spokes in lamellae and a flexible strapping on the outside of the wheel where the tread is located.

2017-180fr

The document WO 2015175003 describes a wheel composed of a hub and lamellae arranged radially to support the tread.

The latter solutions eradicate the risk of punctures. The wheels are, however, complex to produce and remain for the moment confined to well-targeted uses.

There is therefore a need for an improved wheel, making it possible to eliminate the risk of punctures, but without sacrificing the comfort and the dynamic qualities of the tire.

There is also a need for a wheel making it possible to achieve additional weight savings, while providing better continuity with the vehicle to which it is attached.

According to another aspect, the processes for retreading the treads of tires have been known for a long time. Heavy-duty type tires are particularly concerned by this type of process used to extend the life of pneumatic casings which are designed to travel several hundreds of thousands of km. The renewal of the tread, which is worn more quickly than the rest of the tire, makes it possible to continue using the tire under suitable conditions at advantageous costs.

Most retreading processes involve removing the tread in use and replacing it with a new one with similar characteristics. A one-part tread is thus wound and applied to the casing without a tread.

Other approaches have been tried to effect the renewal of tire treads. For example, the document WO2013 / 086577 describes a device for retreading a tire tread using a process by adding material, often called "3D printing". A plurality of nozzles are arranged on the area to be covered. The material is added in the form

2017-180fr of thin layers. According to the process, the surface to be covered is previously heated, in order to promote adhesion between the old and the new material. Chemical means are preferably used to prepare the surface before adding material. A scanner is used to determine the topography of the surface to be retreaded. The method is intended to install a tread according to the original characteristics or with distinct characteristics, for example for a different use.

This process is designed to retread conventional tires with inflation. The heating stages of the reception layer involve a heavy, imposing device, and energy-consuming and expensive heating stages. Removal of the vehicle wheel is imperative for carrying out such operations.

There is therefore a need for a simpler process, which consumes less energy and which can be used anywhere. There is also a need for a suitable method for restoring the tread of unconventional wheels.

To overcome these different drawbacks, the invention provides different technical means.

STATEMENT OF THE INVENTION

First, a first objective of the invention is to provide an approach for replacing a tread directly on the vehicle, without removing the wheel, and without the intervention of an operator.

Another object of the invention is to provide an approach for locally repairing a tread.

Yet another objective of the invention consists in providing an approach making it possible to use an unconventional wheel (such as an integral wheel with a three-dimensional trellis structure comprising a plurality of beams) for a prolonged period, despite the wear of the running surface.

2017-180fr

Yet another objective of the invention consists in providing an approach making it possible to reconstruct a tread adapted to the design of an integral wheel with a three-dimensional trellis structure comprising a plurality of beams.

Another objective of the invention consists in providing a device and / or a method for equipping a vehicle very quickly and economically with treads adapted to a specific use.

Yet another objective of the invention consists in providing a device and / or a method allowing a user to select a tread for his vehicle according to a specific use or route.

Another objective of the invention is to provide a vehicle wheel whose risk of puncture is eliminated.

Another objective of the invention consists in providing a vehicle wheel making it possible to minimize and / or simplify maintenance and upkeep operations.

Yet another object of the invention is to provide a vehicle wheel of reduced mass.

Another objective of the invention is to provide a vehicle wheel which makes it possible to implement new functions.

To do this, the invention provides a method of manufacturing all or part of a tread of a mounted assembly adapted to be mounted on a motor vehicle, comprising the following steps:

a step of building at least a portion of a tread as a function of laying characteristics on a tread bearing surface, said building step being carried out by adding material by additive manufacturing implemented on said surface tread carrier;

2017-180fr the stage of construction of the tread is carried out on the assembled assembly, this being placed on the motor vehicle.

This embodiment is particularly fast, efficient and economical, and makes it possible to build the tread of one or more mounted assemblies of a vehicle, preferably simultaneously, for optimum time savings, without removing the wheels.

This process makes it possible to reconstitute, or regenerate or build at least a portion of tread. The reconstruction is total or partial. It is used to replace or repair a tread or a portion of tread. It also makes it possible to replace a tread of an initial type with a tread of another type (or other characteristics of shape, materials, etc.). It also makes it possible to lay a tread better suited to a particular context, for example seasonal or a trip to be made in a specific environment.

Advantageously, the tread bearing surface comprises a worn tread.

Also advantageously, the manufacturing process comprises a step of selecting a type of construction to be carried out.

This step allows the user to choose the tread he wants using a user module. The selection can also be made automatically, for example as a function of the type of vehicle, of the type of assembly fitted, or of usage parameters, such as for example a route or a trip to be made.

According to an advantageous embodiment, the manufacturing method comprises a step of calculating a construction model for the tread from the construction type selection data.

2017-180fr

This model allows for example to configure and control the construction device by adding material. In addition, from the model, the stages of construction by additive manufacturing can be calculated.

According to another advantageous embodiment, the manufacturing method comprises a step of diagnosing the tread-bearing surface, the step of calculating a model of construction of the tread taking into account the diagnostic data obtained by the diagnostic step.

The diagnosis makes it possible, for example, to determine a 3D model of the load-bearing surface, so that the 3D model of construction of the tread can take into account the precise architecture of the load-bearing surface.

According to yet another advantageous embodiment, the step of diagnosing the load-bearing surface comprises, in the case where the load-bearing surface comprises a tread in the worn state, a sub-step of determining the characteristics of said tread in worn condition.

During this step, implemented with the wheels mounted on the vehicle, the assembled assembly is advantageously rotated. The characteristics identified relate for example to the profile, the shape of the sculptures, the thickness, the materials, etc.

Advantageously, prior to the construction stage, said construction process comprises a stage of preparation on the tread in the used state.

The preparation includes, for example, removing excess material, cleaning, brushing, drying the surface to be reconstituted. This step makes it possible to facilitate and optimize the reconstruction of the tread from a reception area well suited to the reconstruction. The diagnostic step enables the preparation to be carried out reliably and efficiently.

2017-180fr

Also advantageously, the diagnostic step comprises a substep for measuring a static and / or dynamic unbalance of the mounted assembly.

This step makes it possible to adapt the construction model so that it can at least partially compensate for any static and / or dynamic imbalance of the assembled assembly.

Also advantageously, the construction step comprises a sub-step of crosslinking the added material.

Crosslinking is advantageously carried out with the addition of ultraviolet rays.

According to an advantageous embodiment, the manufacturing method comprises a step of verifying the tread constructed.

This step makes it possible to produce a report comprising for example a quality control of the newly added tread.

Advantageously, the manufacturing method is specifically adapted for a mounted assembly consists of a support surface suitable for being mounted on a motor vehicle, said support structure comprising:

- a supporting structure center, through which the axis of rotation C-C passes;

- a periphery of the supporting structure suitable for carrying a tread:

the supporting structure being formed from the same material or mixture or alloy of materials;

- The support structure having a rigidity gradient from the center of the support structure towards the periphery of said support structure, the rigidity being greater at the center of said support structure.

2017-180fr

DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

All the details of embodiment are given in the description which follows, supplemented by FIGS. 1 to 17, presented only for the purposes of nonlimiting examples, and in which:

Figures 1a and 1b are cross sections illustrating two exemplary embodiments of an integral wheel according to the invention;

FIGS. 2a, 2b, and 3 are enlarged views of portions of the integral wheels of FIGS. 1a and 1b, that is the zones of the top of FIGS. 1a and 1b in FIGS. 2a and 2b, and the central zone for FIG. 3;

FIG. 4 illustrates a portion of the tread of the integral wheel of FIG. 1a;

Figures 5 and 6 illustrate the integral wheel of Figure 1a seen from the outside in Figure 5 and from the inside in Figure 6;

FIG. 7 illustrates an enlarged view of the three-dimensional structure of the integral wheel;

FIG. 8 is a functional flowchart showing examples of steps making it possible to implement a method of manufacturing treads using construction robots by adding material (or additive manufacturing); Figures 9, 10a, 10b, 11a and 11b schematically illustrate the main elements of a tread construction system using construction robots by adding material (or additive manufacturing);

FIG. 12 is a functional flowchart showing examples of steps making it possible to implement a method for controlling a tread manufacturing system using construction robots by adding material (or additive manufacturing);

FIGS. 13a and 13b illustrate examples of user modules allowing a user to interact with a tread manufacturing system using construction robots by adding material (or additive manufacturing);

Figure 14 is a symbolic representation showing different elements involved in a system and a method of manufacturing treads using construction robots by adding material (or additive manufacturing);

2017-180en FIG. 15 schematically illustrates an example of a construction module 21 of a robot for building treads by adding material (or additive manufacturing).

FIG. 16 is a functional flowchart showing examples of steps making it possible to implement a method for preparing a mounted assembly allowing the selection of a suitable tread;

FIG. 17 is a functional flowchart showing examples of steps making it possible to implement a road navigation method for a vehicle using a navigation system making it possible to equip its vehicle with treads perfectly suited to the journey to Browse.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

DEFINITIONS

By “elastomeric material or mixture” is meant a diene elastomer, that is to say in known manner an elastomer derived at least in part (ie homopolymer or a copolymer) from diene monomers (monomers carrying two carbon-carbon double bonds, conjugated or not).

The term “hollow” or “holes” means an available space or an area of void or absence of material, the perimeter or contour of which is defined by the surrounding material (for example beams and / or beam joints) of a structure in trellis.

By "tread" means the part of the mounted assembly arranged on the periphery and intended to be in contact with the ground. The tread excludes any circumferential cables arranged at the top. This type of arrangement makes it possible to reconstitute the tread by adding material.

By “additive manufacturing” is meant a manufacturing process by adding material, better known under the name of 3D printing. This manufacturing process

2017-180fr transforms a 3D model into a physical object, by assembling one or more successive layers of one or more material (s).

Figures 1a and 1b illustrate examples of load-bearing structures 1 or integral wheels according to the invention. The supporting structure includes a tread 2 providing a tread surface 3 adapted to interface with the ground. The center of the supporting structure 4, defined by an axis C-C, serves as the axis of rotation. A fixing hub 5 is arranged in the central area of the support structure. This hub 5 makes it possible to fix the carrying structure to a vehicle. In the example illustrated in FIG. 3, the hub 5 defines a hollow cylinder 16 for fixing the supporting structure in which a wheel axle can be housed. The wall of the cylinder 16 makes it possible to house a plurality of hub reinforcements 14, designed to house wheel fixing means, such as for example fixing screws. The reinforcements 14 are preferably made of a material filling the entire volume, without the formation of hollows. The material of the reinforcements 14 is advantageously the same as that of the hub. Metal or composite reinforcements can also be used.

Still in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 3, at least one housing 15 is provided in the hub. This housing makes it possible to position a light unit (not shown) making it possible to light all or part of the support structure from the hub 5 towards the periphery. The light unit preferably comprises a battery or a battery and a plurality of low-consumption bulbs, for example a bulb of the led or oled type. As a variant, the hub comprises a plurality of housings 15 for as many light units of one or more colors, operating alternately or simultaneously. The specific structure of the support structure, with a plurality of inter-communicating hollows 9 (as described in more detail below), allows light to be diffused throughout the support structure. In addition to various aesthetic effects, the illuminated supporting structures can make it possible to reinforce the lighting of the vehicle, for example with side lights and / or signals indicating changes of direction. Each light unit comprises an antenna and a lighting control circuit, preferably in relation to a central box provided at the level of the vehicle.

2017-180fr_rep_irreg_clean

As shown in the section of the wheel in FIG. 1, between the hub 5 and the tread 2, there is first of all an intermediate zone 6 of supporting structure, then a peripheral zone 7 of supporting structure, radially external to the intermediate zone 6 of the supporting structure. The peripheral zone 7 extends over the entire circumference of the support structure and carries the tread 2, structurally integrated into the peripheral zone 7 by means of a tread support surface.

Figures 1a, 1b and 2a and 2b show two alternative embodiments of the integral wheel. In the example of FIG. 2a, the external contour of the peripheral zone forms the tread bearing surface. In the example of FIG. 2b, a circumferential crown reinforcement 19 is provided between the tread and the peripheral zone. This crown reinforcement makes it possible to stiffen the integral wheel and forms a peripheral protection. It may optionally include circumferential reinforcing elements such as textile, metallic or hybrid wires or cables.

In the example illustrated in Figures 5 and 6, the intermediate zone 6 of the supporting structure comprises a plurality of sticks 13 (or shrouds) connecting the hub 5 to the peripheral zone 7 of the supporting structure. Between three and nine sticks can be provided. Openings or windows 17 are defined between the sticks 13. In the example illustrated, the openings are of ovoid profile. Other opening profiles can be provided according to various variant embodiments not shown. The section of the beams constituting the sticks is provided for example between 3 and 10 mm. The section of the beams is preferably circular. It is preferably variable between the middle of the beam and its ends, the smallest section being positioned in the middle. Preferably, the beams have a simple radius of curvature or in S, the radius is greater than the half-length of the beams. They are preferably straight in the parts with a low vacuum rate. The beams meet by forming nodes at their ends (joints 12 of beams).

As shown in the enlargements of the portion of the peripheral zone of FIGS. 2 and 7, the assembled assembly, and more particularly the intermediate zone 6 and

2017-180fr_rep_irreg_clean the peripheral zone 7, are generally constituted by a three-dimensional network or structure 10 of beams 11 (or lattice), the beams being connected together by joints 12 of beams, and oriented so as to form a Voronoi structure, with a Delaunay triangulation. The spaces between the beams 11 form hollows 9. Such a structure, by minimizing the probability of generating elongated triangles, makes it possible to produce a bearing structure sufficiently resistant and enduring to carry the weight of the vehicle and withstand the constraints linked to the rolling of the vehicle. . A judicious choice of the material of the beams 11 makes it possible to create flexible and resilient beams, making it possible to provide a contact area with the ground similar to the contact area produced by the deformation of a tire for a conventional wheel.

As is known, it is shown that the edges of Voronoi cells correspond to parts of the perpendicular bisectors of Delaunay triangles. Likewise, the vertices of the cells are the centers of the circumscribed circles of Delaunay triangles. In other words, two end vertices of an edge of a Voronoi cell - outside the border - are the centers of circumscribed circles of two adjacent Delaunay triangles. Such a structure makes it possible to minimize the surfaces of the beams, and therefore the mass of the supporting structure. A structure is also obtained with "hollows" 9 or three-dimensional cells, which has many advantages in use, such as a significant reduction in the load-bearing structure or the possibility of promoting the evacuation of water by the inside of the supporting structure. Figure 4, showing an enlarged tread surface area, clearly shows the channels 8 which communicate with the tread, allowing water to freely penetrate the structure of the integral wheel, for discharge from the sides.

The three-dimensional structure 10 also allows the possibility of creating a lighting of the supporting structure, as previously described.

The patterns formed by the three-dimensional structure 10 of beams 11 can be repetitive or not. Advantageously, non-repeating patterns are used, in particular to reduce the sources of vibration (in particular the resonances) and the level

2017-180fr sound. The average hollow rate of the three-dimensional structure is greater than 50% and preferably greater than 75%. According to a preferred embodiment, the hollow rate increases by moving radially outwardly in the three-dimensional structure.

The material used to create the three-dimensional structure is advantageously made of polyurethane or of rubber material. The shore A hardness level of the material is advantageously between 20 and 65. The tread is preferably made of rubber material.

FIG. 4 allows a good visualization of the rolling surface 3 provided by the tread 2, clearly visible in FIGS. 2, 5 and 6. As illustrated, the tread is directly integrated into the peripheral zone 7 by the through a tread bearing surface, making it possible to constitute a unitary or integral wheel. Unlike the three-dimensional structure 10 of the radially inner zones of the wheel, the tread provides a plurality of surface treads 18. The tread is embedded in the radially outer zone of the peripheral zone 7. The sculptures 18 extend radially outwardly beyond the peripheral zone to create the rolling surface. These sculptures are advantageously thin, for example with a height of 2 to 5 mm. FIG. 4 makes it possible to clearly visualize an embodiment comprising radial channels 8 of the tread. These channels are areas where there is neither sculpture 18 nor three-dimensional structure 10, allowing communication between the interior and exterior of the supporting structure. This characteristic also allows the water present under the tread to penetrate into the peripheral zone 7 so that it can then escape through the sides of the integral wheel. The wet running properties are optimal and the risks of aquaplaning are greatly reduced.

Since the integral wheel according to the invention does not have an inflatable portion, the risk of a puncture is completely eliminated.

2017-180fr

The supporting structure is advantageously produced using a manufacturing process by adding material.

The at least one material of said supporting structure is a composite material (based on plastic, thermoplastic) Ex: based on polyurethane, PET, polyamide, epoxy resin, carbon fiber, natural fiber, glass fiber or in an elastomeric mixture.

TREAD MANUFACTURING SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAME

ORDERED

Figures 9 to 11b illustrate an example of a system for manufacturing all or part of a tread of an integral wheel as previously described.

The manufacturing system makes it possible to produce specific designs, for specific punctual uses, giving the wheel a multi-purpose vocation. The user thus has the possibility of adapting the treads of his vehicle at any time, according to immediate needs. The designs are chosen in an optimal way, without having to adopt compromises based on multiple uses, often involving characteristics that are difficult to match.

The system comprises one or more manufacturing robots 20, preferably by adding material. Each robot comprises at least one nozzle 22, and preferably a plurality of nozzles 22 in order to optimize the manufacturing yield. Figures 11a and 11b show an example of an arrangement with three nozzles 22 arranged side by side with one another. A reservoir 24 of material is connected to the nozzles 22. In a known manner, the material is heated by a heating body 23 before it can be placed on the workpiece by means of the nozzles. According to the variant embodiments, the modes of conveying the material can be independent or coupled. In the first case, a plurality of reservoirs make it possible to convey, by circuits, independent heating bodies and nozzles, the material to be applied. In the second case, a tank, a circuit and

2017-180fr a single heating body makes it possible to convey the material which is then distributed between a plurality of nozzles. As shown in Figure 11b, the nozzles are movable laterally so as to be able to cover the entire width of the tread to be constructed. A tread is advantageously carried out by constructing a side slice or trace, from one side to the other of the wheel. The wheel is then slightly turned, to allow the establishment of the next slice or trace. This is done until the entire tread is constructed. As a variant, one proceeds by circumferential traces or sections, by depositing the material not laterally, but on a wheel revolution, for a given axial position. The nozzle (s) are then moved in order to be able to construct a circumferential trace or section on a neighboring axial position. This is done until the entire tread is constructed.

The manufacturing robot comprises a construction module 21, designed to manage and control the operations of the robot. Alternatively, a construction module can be placed outside the robot. Also alternatively, a construction module can control a plurality of robots. This module is described in detail in the following.

As illustrated in Figures 10a and 10b, the manufacturing system is designed to allow the manufacture of treads directly on the vehicle, without removing the wheels. In the example of FIG. 10a, two robots 20, movable relative to the vehicle, are arranged on each side of the vehicle to work the treads by the sides of the vehicle, for example in the upper zone of the vehicle wheel cavities . In such an example, the system advantageously provides means for rotating the wheels, for example rollers, arranged under the wheels of the vehicle. FIG. 10b shows another exemplary embodiment in which a lifting bridge 25 is provided under the vehicle in order to lift the latter and allow manufacturing work under the wheels. In this case, the means for rotating the wheel may be provided so as to act on the sides of the wheels.

This embodiment is particularly fast, efficient and economical, and makes it possible to construct the tread of one or more mounted assemblies.

2017-180fr (or integral wheels) of a vehicle, preferably simultaneously, for optimal time savings, without removing the wheels. This process makes it possible to reconstitute, or regenerate or build at least a portion of tread. The reconstruction is total or partial. It is used to replace or repair a tread or a portion of tread. It also makes it possible to replace a tread of an initial type with a tread of another type (or other characteristics of shape, materials, etc.). It also makes it possible to lay a tread better suited to a particular context, for example seasonal or a trip to be made in a specific environment.

Alternatively, to optimize the manufacturing process, the robot 20 includes a module for crosslinking the added material. It may for example be a module using ultraviolet rays or the like, adapted to accelerate crosslinking once the material has been applied.

The tread is advantageously constructed on a tread bearing surface as previously described.

The manufacturing system preferably provides a module 27 for selecting a type of construction to be carried out. This module can be integrated into a “smartphone” application or even be provided in an element of the vehicle dashboard. In the latter case, the key data of the vehicle and the corresponding integral wheels are stored in the module.

FIG. 15 schematically illustrates an example of construction module 21.

A microprocessor 41 and implementation instructions allow the implementation of the module. A bus allows the required data exchanges with the other elements of the manufacturing system.

In the example illustrated, the construction module comprises a module 44 for calculating a tread construction model, and a corresponding memory 49. This module allows you to define a construction model which can then be supplied to the construction robot to build the tread.

2017-180fr by addition of material. The model makes it possible to precisely define the object to be built, in this case a tread. The memory module 49 makes it possible to keep the model for example for later uses.

In the case where the type of tread to be constructed is provided by a construction type selection module 27, the construction model calculation module 44 takes into account the type of tread to be produced in order to generate the model corresponding.

A module 45 for calculating material addition operations and a corresponding memory 50 make it possible to calculate and store the data of the multiple successive operations to be carried out by the construction robot.

A diagnostic module 42 is also provided, in correspondence with a memory module 48 for diagnostic data. This module can be used to define precisely and in detail the 3d model or mapping of the tread bearing surface so that the tread constructed can be integrated perfectly into this surface. The two models, that of the carrier belt and that of the tread to be built, are thus complementary and adapted to each other, to produce a robust, reliable and efficient all-wheel drive. Diagnostic data is particularly useful for determining the precise arrangement of the three-dimensional structure of the wheel, to ensure that the added material integrates perfectly with the wheel. The construction model can then perfectly take into account the three-dimensional structure and produce a perfectly adapted tread.

As a variant, the diagnostic module comprises a sub-module for determining the tread characteristics, designed to detect and model the characteristics of a possible pre-existing tread, which must be treated before construction of the new tread. It is thus possible to adequately treat the remaining surface, for example to remove all or part of this remaining surface, to treat it in order to make it well compatible for reception of a new tread, or the like. To this end, the robot 20 includes a

2017-180fr preparation module controlling a preparation head provided at the robot level. The preparation relates, for example, to material removal, cleaning, brushing, drying, etc.

The construction module also comprises a module 46 for calculating a static and / or dynamic unbalance of the mounted assembly, cooperating with an unbalance detection assembly provided on the robot. A corresponding memory module 51 can also be provided for the unbalance data. The construction model calculation module 44 is adapted to take into account the unbalance data to define a model with reduced static and / or dynamic imbalance. This avoids having to carry out wheel rebalancing operations with the addition of localized masses, these operations being long and often unreliable due to the risk of detachment of the masses. The user benefits from a significant saving of time and reduced costs, in addition to a sustainable and suitable balancing.

In the example illustrated, the construction module 21 comprises a verification module 47, suitable for verifying the newly constructed tread. This module allows you to check the construction operation and the quality of the new tread before rolling. A construction report may be sent to the user of the vehicle. One or more optical sensors 26 are preferably provided and can be used for the diagnostic phase and / or for the preparation of the construction report.

MANUFACTURING SYSTEM CONTROL METHOD

FIG. 12 illustrates the main steps of an example of a control method for the manufacturing system previously described. For this implementation, the manufacturing system includes a user module 27 capable of establishing communication with the construction module 21. Figures 13a and 13b illustrate examples of user modules. In Figure 13a, the module is integrated into a "Smartphone" application, while in Figure 13b, the module is integrated into the vehicle dashboard, either as a module or as an application. This module

2017-180fr allows the user to make the necessary choices and launch the manufacturing operations for the treads of his vehicle. Construction data can thus be obtained in several different ways. For example, they can be obtained either by a tread selection made by a user for example using a user module 27, or according to a route planned by the user, or automatically, depending a diagnostic step carried out by the manufacturing robot and / or as a function of the type of wheel and / or the type of vehicle.

As illustrated, the method comprises the following steps, in relation to FIGS. 12 and 13a:

i) step 201 consists in presenting a user interface on the user module;

ii) step 202 consists in setting the characteristics of the tread;

iii) step 203 makes it possible to identify a task of adding material to be carried out (for example repair, modification, construction of a new tread, etc.);

iv) step 204 consists in transmitting said task of adding material and the characteristics of the tread to the construction module of the robot 20 to allow the latter to perform a construction of the tread according to the parameters received (step 206).

This process makes it possible to reconstruct, or regenerate or reconstruct at least a portion of worn, or partially worn, or damaged tread. The reconstruction is total or partial. It is used to replace or repair a tread or a portion of tread. It also makes it possible to replace a tread of an initial type with a tread of another type. The user module allows the user to choose the type of reconstruction to perform according to his needs. The process works advantageously without heating means, simplifying the implementation and reducing the energy consumption.

2017-180fr

As illustrated in FIG. 13a and in step 207 of FIG. 12, after the construction of the tread 2 by the robot (step 206), the construction module 21 sends the manufacturing module 27 to the user module , including for example quality status data of the newly manufactured tread.

As a variant, the method provides for a step of selecting data in relation to the season and / or the general condition of the road network, and / or the weather and / or the distance to be covered with the tread to be reconstructed. This step makes it possible to lay a tread better suited to a particular context, for example seasonal or a trip to be made in a specific environment. The user can recharge his wheels with treads adapted to specific conditions for a given route, then return to the recharging station after the trip to recharge again and put the treads back in line with daily use in conditions standard.

In the variant embodiment of FIG. 13b, the user module offers one or more treads to the user. In this implementation example, the user module being integrated into the vehicle, the relevant data corresponding to the type of wheels, to the type of compatible treads, etc., are already available, thereby simplifying the choices and the manipulations to be carried out by the user.

PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING A TREAD

FIG. 8 in relation to FIGS. 9 to 11b illustrates a method of manufacturing all or part of a tread 2 of a mounted assembly 1 adapted to be mounted on a motor vehicle.

A step 100 of diagnosing the tread bearing surface makes it possible to take into account the relief on which the tread must be built. Calculation step 102 of a tread construction model takes into account the diagnostic data obtained by the diagnostic step, such as

2017-180en previously described. The diagnosis makes it possible, for example, to determine a 3D model of the load-bearing surface, so that the 3D model of construction of the tread can take into account the precise architecture of the load-bearing surface.

In the case where the carrying surface comprises a tread in the worn state, a sub-step 101 of determining the characteristics of said tread in the worn state is provided.

Like manufacturing, diagnostics are implemented with the wheels mounted on the vehicle. To cover the entire circumferential profile, the assembled assembly is rotated, for example with rollers provided under the wheels or laterally. The characteristics identified during the diagnosis relate for example to the profile, the shape of the sculptures, the thickness, the materials, etc.

In the case where the assembled assembly already includes a tread, the construction method provides, prior to the construction step, a step of preparing the tread in the used state. The preparation includes, for example, removing excess material, cleaning, brushing, drying the surface to be reconstituted. This step makes it possible to facilitate and optimize the reconstruction of the tread from a reception area well suited to the reconstruction. The diagnostic step enables the preparation to be carried out reliably and efficiently.

A step 102 of calculating a construction model for the tread makes it possible to generate an exact 3d model of the construction to be carried out by the robot 20. This calculation is for example carried out on the basis of selection data of construction type, and on the basis of the profile or modeling data of the tread bearing surface, as previously described. The tread construction model allows for example to configure and control the construction device by adding material. In addition, from the model, the stages of construction by additive manufacturing can be calculated.

2017-180fr

As illustrated in FIG. 8, the method provides for a construction step 103 of at least a portion of a tread as a function of laying characteristics on a tread-bearing surface. This construction step is carried out by adding material by additive manufacturing on the tread bearing surface. The construction step 103 of the tread is carried out on the mounted assembly 1 directly on the vehicle, without dismantling the mounted assembly. This embodiment is particularly fast, efficient and economical, and makes it possible to build the tread of one or more mounted assemblies of a vehicle, preferably simultaneously, for optimum time savings, without removing the wheels. This process makes it possible to reconstitute, or regenerate or build at least a portion of tread. The reconstruction is total or partial. It is used to replace or repair a tread or a portion of tread. It also makes it possible to replace a tread of an initial type with a tread of another type (or other characteristics of shape, materials, etc.). It also makes it possible to lay a tread better suited to a particular context, for example seasonal or a trip to be made in a specific environment.

Depending on the case, at the time of manufacture, the tread bearing surface may or may not include a worn tread.

As illustrated in step 110, the method preferably includes a step of selecting a type of construction to be carried out. This step allows the user to choose the tread he wishes using a user module 27. The selection can also be made automatically, for example according to the type of vehicle, the type of assembled assembly, or parameters of use, such as for example a route or a trip to be made, or manually, for example by the driver of the vehicle or by a robot operator.

According to an alternative embodiment, the diagnostic step comprises a substep for measuring a static and / or dynamic unbalance of the mounted assembly. This step allows you to adapt the construction model so that it can

2017-180fr at least partially compensate for any static and / or dynamic imbalance of the assembled assembly.

An example of construction is presented in steps 104 to 109 of FIG. 8. The addition of material begins in step 104. A first work area is constructed. To move to another zone, in step 105, a relative movement between the nozzles and the mounted assembly is carried out. The required material is placed in this other zone, according to the pre-established model. The phases of relative displacement and addition of material are continued alternately until the entire circumferential profile of the tread is constructed. Thus, step 106 makes it possible to verify whether the construction is completed or not. If yes (step 108), construction stops (step 109). If not (step 107), the process resumes at step 104.

The construction step may include a sub-step of crosslinking the added material. Crosslinking is advantageously carried out with the addition of ultraviolet rays.

The manufacturing process preferably provides a step of verifying the tread constructed. This step makes it possible to produce a report comprising for example a quality control of the newly added tread.

Advantageously, provision is made for a preferential use of the manufacturing process with an integral wheel as previously described in relation to FIGS. 1 to 7. Thus, the assembled assembly is constituted by a support structure 1 adapted to be mounted on a motor vehicle, said supporting structure comprising:

- a center of supporting structure 4, through which passes the axis of rotation C-C;

- a periphery of the supporting structure adapted to carry a tread 2;

the supporting structure being formed from the same material or mixture or alloy of materials;

2017-180fr the support structure having a rigidity gradient from the center of the support structure towards the periphery of said support structure, the rigidity being greater at the center of said support structure.

METHOD OF PREPARING A MOUNTED ASSEMBLY

Figure 13b, Figure 14 and Figure 16 illustrate a method of preparing a mounted assembly adapted to be mounted on a motor vehicle. This method includes the following steps:

- As shown in Figure 13b, a step 301 of displaying one or more treads adapted to the vehicle;

- a step 302 of selecting a tread;

- And, finally, a step 303 of sending the selection to a suitable manufacturing system.

The manufacturing system, for example a robot 20 can set up the assembled assembly according to the characteristics of the selected tread. The robot 20 previously described makes it possible to manufacture the tread directly on the vehicle, therefore without the need to remove the wheels. The method allows a user to equip his vehicle optimally according to the road and weather conditions which the vehicle will face in the short term. This makes it possible to offer the user particularly effective treads, specifically designed for specific conditions, for highly improved efficiency compared to common tires generally designed to allow them to circulate properly in a wide range of road conditions and / or weather. The manufacture of the treads of the vehicle is advantageously carried out using a construction method by addition of material.

The method of preparing an assembled assembly preferably provides for a preliminary step 300 of selecting a destination to be reached with the vehicle. This step allows the user module 27 to display treads taking into account the characteristics required to make the journey leading to the

2017-180fr selected destination. This step takes into account the characteristics of the road (type of road, quality, surface, winding, etc.), the weather, so that the proposed treads are as much as possible adapted to the actual conditions of the route to be performed. .

To facilitate preparation, in particular to allow the user to determine the location of the intervention station, the preparation method provides for a step 304 of geolocation of the vehicle and a step 305 of identification and proposal of a preparation station assembly mounted according to the geolocation of the vehicle.

ROAD NAVIGATION METHOD WITH SELECTION OF WEB

ADAPTED BEARING

As a variant or in addition to the assembly method of assembly assembled previously described, the invention proposes a method of road navigation for a vehicle using a navigation system allowing its vehicle to be fitted with treads perfectly adapted to the route to be traveled. The main steps of the method are illustrated in FIG. 17. The method provides a step 400 for selecting a starting point and an ending point, a step 401 for calculating a route connecting these two points. A step 402 of identifying the physical characteristics of the route making it possible to select an optimized tread is also provided. The physical characteristics of the route include the type of road, a winding index, a surfacing condition index and weather data along the route. Other characteristics can also be taken into account. The characteristics can be taken into account individually or in groups. In step 403, a tread is selected to equip the wheels of the vehicle according to the characteristics of the calculated route.

The method allows a user to equip his vehicle optimally according to the actual road conditions specific to the route which must be

2017-180fr performed. This provides the user with particularly efficient treads, specifically designed for route conditions.

The non-specialist user does not have to worry about the specifics required to equip his vehicle as best as possible, since the selection of the treads is carried out automatically by a tread computer specifically designed for this purpose. The calculator takes into account the physical data available concerning the route.

To facilitate the identification of a preparation station, the method provides a step 404 of identifying and proposing an assembly preparation station assembled as a function of the route and / or the current geolocation of the vehicle.

For the manufacture of treads, the method provides a step 405 of placing treads on the wheels of the vehicle in a suitable preparation station, the manufacture of the treads being carried out directly on the vehicle. For example, one or more robots 20 are used to carry out the manufacturing by adding material. The manufacturing is advantageously carried out according to the method previously described, preferably with one or more robots 20.

INDEPENDENT OR IN COMBINATION

To briefly summarize all the modules, systems and methods previously described, which can be used independently or in combination, Figure 14 schematically illustrates some of the elements used. A user wishes to equip his vehicle 30 provided with wheels such as integral wheels 1 with one or more new treads either to replace worn or deteriorated treads or for a specific use such as a travel itinerary to be carried out. The user drives his vehicle to a tread processing station. Construction data is obtained either by a selection of treads made by

2017-180fr a user for example using a user module 27, or according to a route provided by the user, or automatically, according to a diagnostic step and / or according to the type of wheel and / or vehicle type. The station includes a plurality of robots 20 capable of carrying out the manufacturing operations required to construct the treads by adding material. A construction report 28 can be provided to the user at the end of construction. One or more optical sensors 26 are preferably provided and can be used for the diagnostic phase and / or for the preparation of the construction report.

2017-180fr

Reference numbers used in the figures

Mounted assembly / integral wheel

Tread

Rolling surface

Wheel center

Hub

Intermediate wheel area

Peripheral area

Tread channels

Hollow

Three-dimensional structure with beams Beams

Beam joints

Staff / Guy

Hub reinforcement

Light block housing Wheel fixing cylinder Opening / Window Sculpture

Top reinforcement

Construction robot

Building module

nozzles

Heater

Material tank (spools of thread)

Lifting bridge

Camera

User module

Balance sheet

Vehicle

2017-180fr_rep_irreg_clean

Microprocessor and operating instructions

Diagnostic module

Module for determining tread characteristics Module for calculating tread construction model Module for calculating material addition operations

Unbalance calculation module

Verification module

Diagnostic data

Model data

Material addition operation data

Unbalance data

2017-180fr

Claims (11)

1. Method for manufacturing all or part of a tread (2) of a mounted assembly (1) adapted to be mounted on a motor vehicle, comprising the following steps: a construction step (103) of at least a portion of a tread as a function of laying characteristics on a tread bearing surface, said construction step being carried out by adding material by additive manufacturing carried out on said tread bearing surface; the tread construction step (103) is carried out on the mounted assembly (1), the latter being placed on the motor vehicle. 2. A method of manufacturing a tread (2) according to claim 1, wherein the tread bearing surface comprises a worn tread. 3. A method of manufacturing a tread (2) according to one of claims 1 or 2, comprising a step of selecting (110) of a type of construction to be carried out. 4. A method of manufacturing a tread (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a step of calculating (102) a model for constructing the tread from the type selection data. of construction. 5. A method of manufacturing a tread (2) according to claim 4, comprising a step (100) of diagnosing the tread bearing surface, the step of calculating (102) a construction model. of the tread taking into account the diagnostic data obtained by the diagnostic step. 6. A method of manufacturing a tread (2) according to claim 5, wherein the diagnostic step (100) of the bearing surface comprises, in the case where the bearing surface comprises a tread to the worn state, a substep (101) of determining the characteristics of said tread in the worn state. 7. A method of manufacturing a tread according to claim 6, wherein, prior to the construction step, said construction method comprises a step of preparing the tread in the used state. 8. A method of manufacturing a tread according to claim 5, wherein the diagnostic step comprises a substep for measuring a static and / or dynamic unbalance of the mounted assembly. 9. A method of manufacturing a tread according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the construction step comprises a sub-step of crosslinking the added material. 10. A method of manufacturing a tread according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a step of verifying the tread constructed. 11. A method of manufacturing a tread according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the mounted assembly consists of a support surface (1) adapted to be mounted on a motor vehicle, said support structure comprising: - a support structure center (4), through which the axis of rotation C-C passes; - a periphery of the supporting structure adapted to carry a tread (2): the supporting structure being formed from the same material or mixture or alloy of materials; the support structure having a rigidity gradient from the center of the support structure to the periphery of said support structure, the rigidity being greater at the center of said support structure.