FR3063451B1 - MATERIAL DEPOSITION DEVICE FOR THREE DIMENSIONAL MANUFACTURING SYSTEM - Google Patents
MATERIAL DEPOSITION DEVICE FOR THREE DIMENSIONAL MANUFACTURING SYSTEM Download PDFInfo
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- FR3063451B1 FR3063451B1 FR1700238A FR1700238A FR3063451B1 FR 3063451 B1 FR3063451 B1 FR 3063451B1 FR 1700238 A FR1700238 A FR 1700238A FR 1700238 A FR1700238 A FR 1700238A FR 3063451 B1 FR3063451 B1 FR 3063451B1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
- B29C64/118—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
- B29C64/209—Heads; Nozzles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/02—Small extruding apparatus, e.g. handheld, toy or laboratory extruders
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/05—Filamentary, e.g. strands
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/15—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. extrusion moulding around inserts
- B29C48/154—Coating solid articles, i.e. non-hollow articles
- B29C48/155—Partial coating thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/285—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder
- B29C48/288—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder in solid form, e.g. powder or granules
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
- B29C48/397—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using a single screw
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/501—Extruder feed section
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/505—Screws
- B29C48/53—Screws having a varying channel depth, e.g. varying the diameter of the longitudinal screw trunk
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
- B29C48/793—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling upstream of the plasticising zone, e.g. heating in the hopper
- B29C48/797—Cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
- B29C48/80—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the plasticising zone, e.g. by heating cylinders
- B29C48/802—Heating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
- B29C48/86—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the nozzle zone
- B29C48/87—Cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/295—Heating elements
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
Abstract
L'invention concerne une solution de tête de dépôt de matière principalement sous forme de granulés fusibles, adaptée à la fabrication additive qui comprend une trémie (22) emplie d'une matière fusible (2), qui est transformée, ou non, par l'action, ou non, d'un procédé thermique (9), et est acheminé par une vis sans fin (10) à axe à paliers multiples, vers une buse avec un orifice d'extrusion (3), préalablement choisi parmi un ensemble de diamètres disponibles, et permettant un débit variable et un refroidissement (29) de matière adapté, et que cette dite tête d'impression est fixée sur un support qui se déplace dans les trois dimensions, pour reconstituer par addition de couches successives, sur une surface préférablement plane, un volume préalablement défini numériquement, ou mécaniquement, puis interprété par un programme de pilotage adéquat du déplacement de la dite tête d'impression dans l'espace défini pour la construction de la pièce.The invention relates to a material deposition head solution mainly in the form of fusible granules, suitable for additive manufacturing, which comprises a hopper (22) filled with a fusible material (2), which is converted, or not, by the action, or not, of a thermal process (9), and is conveyed by a worm (10) with multi-stage axis, to a nozzle with an extrusion orifice (3), previously selected from a set of available diameters, and allowing variable flow and cooling (29) of suitable material, and that said print head is fixed on a support which moves in three dimensions, to reconstitute by adding successive layers, on a preferably flat surface, a volume previously defined numerically, or mechanically, then interpreted by a suitable control program of the displacement of said print head in the space defined for the construction of the part.
Description
La présente invention concerne un dispositif de dépôt de matière fusible ou non pour fabrication additive.The present invention relates to a device for depositing fuse material or not for additive manufacturing.
Les dispositifs de fabrication tridimensionnelle ont souvent une gamme limitée de matériaux, des finitions perfectibles, et un délai de fabrication des pièces relativement long.Three-dimensional manufacturing devices often have a limited range of materials, perfectible finishes, and relatively long coin production time.
De nombreuses solutions existent sur le marché, mais ne répondent pas forcément à ces trois critères très attendus des industriels. L’invention décrit un dispositif de fabrication tridimensionnel performant associant ces trois critères les plus attendus par les industriels. L’invention définit une solution permettant l’utilisation de consommable sous forme de granulés et/ou de billes, entre autre, de poudres, de flocons, de pâtes similaires à ceux utilisés entre autre dans l’industrie. L’invention décrite peut utiliser des matériaux standards permettant une réduction substantielle des coûts de consommable, et permettre l’accès à de nombreux matériaux avec des fiches techniques identifiées. L’invention permet la fabrication de pièces de série, aux caractéristiques mécaniques souvent très supérieures aux pièces réalisées dans des process de fabrication standards (injection, thermoformage, usinage). L’invention comprend une tête d’impression (1) emplie d’une matière fusible (2), ou non, principalement sous forme de granulés thermoplastiques, qui diffuse cette dite matière par l’intermédiaire d’un orifice (3) (figure 1), et que cette dite tête d’impression est fixée sur un support qui se déplace dans les trois dimensions (figure 2), ou plus (figure 3), pour reconstituer par addition de couches successives (6), sur une surface plane ou non (7) (figure 1), un volume préalablement défini numériquement, et interprété par un programme numérique commandant un pilotage adéquat du déplacement de cette dite tête d’impression dans l’espace défini pour la construction de la pièce. L’invention comprend une tête d’impression emplie d’une matière fusible, ou non, plastique, cire, purée, compote, saumure, gel, entre autre, est mise en température ou non, intégrée dans un fourreau cylindrique (8) (figure 1), en métal, ou céramique ou tout autre matériau conducteur de chaleur ou non, par l’intermédiaire d’un système chauffant par résistance (9), par induction, ou tout autre système de mise en température, est pilotée par un programme numérique, ou mécanique, pour que la dite matière puisse atteindre un état de transformation adapté à sa viscosité, permettant le passage de la dite matière par un orifice (3) situé à l’extrémité de la tête, grâce à un piston, une vis (10), par gravité, ou par toute autre solution technique adaptée. * L’invention comprend une tête d’impression constitutive d’un équipement de fabrication additive, ou autre, qui dépose la matière par couches successives définies par un programme numérique ou mécanique, décomposant un volume en couches parallèles horizontales successives, ou non, avec un parcours de dépose ajusté de type cartésien (sur des axes X et Y) (11) (figure 2), ou vectoriel (sur des trajectoires tridimensionnelles X, Y, Z générées par des coordonnées polaires associées à des vecteurs de départ et d’arrivée) (12) et préférablement perpendiculairement au support sur lequel sera appliqué la dite matière, ce parcours pouvant être adapté à la dépose de matière perpendiculairement (13) (figure 4), ou non, à la surface externe ou interne (14) d’une pièce, ou d’un support, préalablement fixé (15) sur le plateau d’impression. L’invention comprend un système de tête d’impression qui utilise directement des consommables sous différentes formes, granulé, poudre, flocon, gel, pâte, purée, compote, saumure, fusible ou non, qui sont amenés dans une trémie (26) placée préférablement sur la partie supérieure d’un fourreau (8) (figure 1), et dont ces dit consommables sont mis en température, ou non, en fonction des matériaux utilisés, pilotés indépendamment avec un contrôle des températures effectué par un programme numérique (16) ou mécanique, et maintenu à une température suffisamment constante, et qui génère des gradients de températures adaptés en fonction du type de matière, et son type mise en forme, pour que le dit consommable puisse se déplacer vers l’orifice de sortie (3), une vis sans fin (10) en rotation (figure 5) dans le sens normal est activée avec une vitesse angulaire commandée par le programme en fonction de paramètres matériau et résolution définis dans le programme de commande. L’invention comprend une tête d’impression (1) (figure 5) intégrant une vis sans fin (10) (figure 6), dont l’axe comprend trois paliers différents D2, D3, D4, ou plus, de longueur sensiblement équivalentes, avec un diamètre de l’axe plus important au palier inférieur dl, pour créer une compression de la matière en réduisant le volume entre l’axe de la vis dl (17) et la paroi intérieure du fourreau (8), et dont la longueur d’axe de vis Dl a un rapport préférablement proche de vingt fois celui dé son diamètre dl, et dont l’extrémité est composée d’un embout en forme hémisphérique (18), la vis (10) comprenant un pas constant (19), mais qui peut être variable, est ajusté à la forme de la trémie et du fourreau. L’invention est constituée d’une vis (10) intégrée dans la tête d’impression (1) (figure 1) est qui surmontée d’un accouplement avec un moteur (20), ou directement associée à l’axe du moteur (21), et entre lesquels une arrivée de matière brute (22) alimente par gravité la vis (figure 4), qui comprend dans ce volume (16), une largeur du filet (23) de vis plus importante, pour acheminer progressivement la matière vers le fourreau (8), lors de la rotation de la dite vis (10). L’invention comprend un fourreau (8) constitutif de la tête d’impression, qui est associé à son extrémité, à une bague amovible (24) (figure 7), ou non, comprenant un certain nombre de canaux parallèles (26), par lesquels passe la matière et qui ont pour effet de supprimer la rotation de l’extrusion en sortie de l’orifice (8), et à laquelle les buses amovibles (25) (figure 8), ou non, peuvent être vissées, ou assemblées, pour être inter-changées, pour leur nettoyage et maintenance, mais aussi pour en changer facilement le diamètre de l’orifice de sortie (8) de la matière : 0,1mm, 0,2mm etc. L’invention permet à une même buse d’impression (25) d’appliquer sur un support, de la matière d’une largeur variahle (figure 1), de plus ou moins 100% du diamètre de l’orifice de la buse (8), grâce à des informations pilotées par le logiciel de commande qui activera le pilotage adapté sur le couple vitesse de rotation de la vis (10), et vitesse de déplacement de la tête, pour créer une combinaison qui agit sur le volume de matière diffusée par la buse. L’invention comprend dans la zone amont du fourreau (30) (figure 5) de la tête d’impression, un système externe, ou interne, de refroidissement (27), préférablement par ventilateur, et préférablement associé à un volume à surfaces développées (28), régulant le gradient de température de la trémie et réduisant le risque de fusion préalable de la matière et/ou un bourrage dans cette zone d’acheminement de la dite matière dans le fourreau. L’invention comprend dans la zone aval du fourreau de la tête d’impression, un système externe de refroidissement (29) (figure 1), préférablement par ventilateur, régulant la température de solidification de la matière déposée préalablement par la buse sur le support ou sur la couche précédemment déposée, et dont l’activation, l’intensité, la durée, et les phases sont pilotées par des commandes qui sont dépendantes du type de matériau et de la taille de la pièce, et qui peuvent être variables, ou non, tout au long de la fabrication.Many solutions exist on the market, but do not necessarily meet these three highly anticipated criteria of industry. The invention describes a powerful three-dimensional manufacturing device associating these three most expected criteria by manufacturers. The invention defines a solution allowing the use of consumable in the form of granules and / or beads, among others, powders, flakes, pasta similar to those used among others in the industry. The described invention can use standard materials allowing a substantial reduction in consumable costs, and allow access to many materials with identified data sheets. The invention allows the manufacture of series parts, mechanical characteristics often much higher than parts made in standard manufacturing processes (injection, thermoforming, machining). The invention comprises a print head (1) filled with a fuse material (2), or not, mainly in the form of thermoplastic granules, which diffuses said material through an orifice (3) (FIG. 1), and that said print head is fixed on a support that moves in three dimensions (Figure 2), or more (Figure 3), to reconstitute by adding successive layers (6), on a flat surface or not (7) (FIG. 1), a previously defined volume numerically, and interpreted by a digital program controlling an adequate control of the displacement of this said print head in the space defined for the construction of the part. The invention comprises a print head filled with a fusible material, or not, plastic, wax, puree, compote, brine, gel, among others, is brought to temperature or not, integrated in a cylindrical sheath (8) ( 1), made of metal, or ceramic or any other heat-conducting material or not, via a resistance heating system (9), by induction, or any other heating system, is controlled by a digital program, or mechanical, so that said material can reach a state of transformation adapted to its viscosity, allowing the passage of said material through an orifice (3) located at the end of the head, with a piston, a screw (10), by gravity, or by any other suitable technical solution. * The invention comprises a print head constituting an additive manufacturing equipment, or other, which deposits the material in successive layers defined by a numerical or mechanical program, breaking down a volume into successive horizontal parallel layers, or not, with a Cartesian (on X and Y axes) (11) (Figure 2), or vector (on three-dimensional trajectories X, Y, Z generated by polar coordinates associated with vectors of departure and arrival) (12) and preferably perpendicularly to the support on which said material will be applied, this path being able to be adapted to the perpendicularly deposition of material (13) (FIG. 4), or not, to the external or internal surface (14). a part, or a support, previously fixed (15) on the printing plate. The invention comprises a print head system which directly uses consumables in various forms, granules, powder, flakes, gel, paste, puree, compote, brine, fuse or not, which are brought into a hopper (26) placed preferably on the upper part of a sleeve (8) (FIG. 1), and whose said consumables are heated, or not, depending on the materials used, controlled independently with a temperature control carried out by a digital program (16). ) or mechanical, and maintained at a sufficiently constant temperature, and which generates temperature gradients adapted according to the type of material, and its shaped type, so that said consumable can move to the outlet (3). ), a worm (10) in rotation (Figure 5) in the normal direction is activated with an angular speed controlled by the program according to material and resolution parameters defined in the the order program. The invention comprises a print head (1) (FIG. 5) incorporating an endless screw (10) (FIG. 6), whose axis comprises three different bearings D2, D3, D4, or more, of substantially equivalent length. with a diameter of the larger axis at the lower bearing d1, to create a compression of the material by reducing the volume between the axis of the screw dl (17) and the inner wall of the sleeve (8), and whose screw axis length D1 has a ratio preferably close to twenty times that of its diameter d1, and whose end is composed of a hemispherical tip (18), the screw (10) comprising a constant pitch (19). ), but which can be variable, is adjusted to the shape of the hopper and sheath. The invention consists of a screw (10) integrated in the print head (1) (Figure 1) is surmounted by a coupling with a motor (20), or directly associated with the axis of the motor ( 21), and between which a feed of raw material (22) feeds by gravity the screw (Figure 4), which comprises in this volume (16), a width of the thread (23) of larger screw, to progressively convey the material to the sheath (8), during the rotation of said screw (10). The invention comprises a sleeve (8) constituting the print head, which is associated at its end, with a removable ring (24) (FIG. 7), or not, comprising a certain number of parallel channels (26), through which the material passes and which has the effect of suppressing the rotation of the extrusion at the outlet of the orifice (8), and to which the removable nozzles (25) (FIG. 8), or not, can be screwed, or assembled, to be interchanged, for their cleaning and maintenance, but also to easily change the diameter of the outlet (8) of the material: 0.1mm, 0.2mm etc. The invention allows a same printing nozzle (25) to apply to a support, material of a variable width (FIG. 1), more or less 100% of the diameter of the orifice of the nozzle ( 8), thanks to information controlled by the control software that will activate the adapted control over the torque of the screw rotation speed (10), and speed of movement of the head, to create a combination that acts on the volume of material diffused by the nozzle. The invention comprises in the upstream zone of the sleeve (30) (FIG. 5) of the print head, an external or internal cooling system (27), preferably by fan, and preferably associated with a volume with developed surfaces. (28), regulating the temperature gradient of the hopper and reducing the risk of premature melting of the material and / or a stuffing in this area of routing of said material in the sheath. The invention comprises, in the downstream zone of the sleeve of the print head, an external cooling system (29) (FIG. 1), preferably by fan, regulating the solidification temperature of the material previously deposited by the nozzle on the support. or on the layer previously deposited, and whose activation, intensity, duration, and phases are controlled by commands that are dependent on the type of material and the size of the part, and which may be variable, or no, throughout the manufacturing process.
Le dispositif selôn l’invention est particulièrement destiné à la fabrication de prototypes ou de pièces de série aux formes pouvant être très complexes.The device according to the invention is particularly intended for the production of prototypes or series parts with shapes that can be very complex.
Les dessins annexés illustrent l’invention :The accompanying drawings illustrate the invention:
La figure 1 représente la tête d’impression de côté avec insertion du consommable et dépôt de la matièreFIG. 1 shows the side print head with insertion of the consumable and deposit of the material
La figure 2 représente le châssis de support de la tête et le plateau de dépose de la matière en vue de 3/4Figure 2 shows the support frame of the head and the material removal tray for 3/4
La figure 3 représente la tête mobile sur deux axes rotatifsFigure 3 shows the movable head on two rotary axes
La figure 4 représente le déplacement de la tête par rapport à son support La figure 5 représente la coupe A-A de la tête d’impression La figure 6 représente la vue de côté de la vis de la tête d’impression La figure 7 représente la vue de 3Λ du filtre de régulation de la tête d’impression La figure 8 représente une vue de 3A de la buse d’impression A titre d’exemple non limitatifFIG. 4 shows the displacement of the head relative to its support. FIG. 5 shows the section AA of the print head. FIG. 6 shows the side view of the screw of the print head FIG. 3 8 of the control filter of the printhead FIG. 8 represents a view of 3A of the printing nozzle As a nonlimiting example
Claims (6)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| FR1700238A FR3063451B1 (en) | 2017-03-06 | 2017-03-06 | MATERIAL DEPOSITION DEVICE FOR THREE DIMENSIONAL MANUFACTURING SYSTEM |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| FR1700238A FR3063451B1 (en) | 2017-03-06 | 2017-03-06 | MATERIAL DEPOSITION DEVICE FOR THREE DIMENSIONAL MANUFACTURING SYSTEM |
| FR1700238 | 2017-03-06 |
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| FR3063451A1 FR3063451A1 (en) | 2018-09-07 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| EP3632682A1 (en) * | 2018-10-03 | 2020-04-08 | Bond high performance 3D technology B.V. | Liquefier tube for an additive manufacturing system |
| EP3860853B1 (en) * | 2018-10-03 | 2024-05-29 | Bond high performance 3D technology B.V. | Additive manufacturing system comprising a liquefier tube |
| CN109397687B (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2020-12-01 | 安徽工程大学 | Bore adjustable 3D print pen |
| CN109986775A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-07-09 | 成都元泽环境技术有限公司 | A kind of mixing melting 3D printing system and Method of printing for granular materials |
| EP3782797B1 (en) * | 2019-08-17 | 2024-02-07 | Epeire3D | 3d printing device provided with a worm driven by a motor and means for cooling the motor |
| CN111300827B (en) * | 2020-04-13 | 2021-07-27 | 中北大学 | 3D printing apparatus based on shear thinning characteristic gel |
| ES2922048B2 (en) * | 2021-02-24 | 2023-03-06 | M Torres Disenos Ind S A Unipersonal | HEAD FOR ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING MACHINE, MACHINE AND SYSTEM INCLUDING SAID HEAD |
| EP4341070A1 (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2024-03-27 | E3D-Online Limited | Liquefier nozzle for an additive manufacturing system |
| CN114083793B (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2024-05-17 | 深圳市创想三维科技股份有限公司 | Extrusion mechanism and 3D printer |
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| US7891964B2 (en) * | 2007-02-12 | 2011-02-22 | Stratasys, Inc. | Viscosity pump for extrusion-based deposition systems |
| CN105818369B (en) * | 2015-01-05 | 2019-06-14 | 三纬国际立体列印科技股份有限公司 | Three-dimensional printing machine spray head |
| CA2927170A1 (en) * | 2015-04-14 | 2016-10-14 | Flexi Matter Ltd. | Extruder system for additive manufacturing |
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