FR3062094A1 - LAND UTILITY VEHICLE WITH ELECTRIC PROPULSION AND MULTIPLE POWER SUPPLY SOURCES - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a utility land vehicle (10) electric propulsion comprising: - at least one electric propulsion motor (24) and - at least one main source (20) for powering the vehicle comprising a storage battery (21). ). According to the invention, the vehicle comprises at least one auxiliary source (40) for powering the vehicle, distinct from the main source (20) of power supply, the auxiliary power source of the vehicle being a removable source configured to selectively be placed on the vehicle or removed from the vehicle, depending on a vehicle energy requirement. Application to agricultural tractors, vineyard tractors and public works machinery.

Description

Holder (s):

PELLENC Public limited company.

O Extension request (s):

® Agent (s): CABINET MAREK.

FR 3 062 094 - A1 ® TERRESTRIAL UTILITY VEHICLE WITH MULTIPLE ELECTRIC PROPULSION.

(57) The invention relates to an electrically propelled land utility vehicle (10) comprising:

- at least one electric propulsion motor (24) and

- at least one main source (20) of electric power to the vehicle comprising a storage battery (21).

According to the invention, the vehicle comprises at least one auxiliary source (40) of electrical power to the vehicle, separate from the main source (20) of electrical power, the auxiliary source of electrical power to the vehicle being a removable source , configured to be selectively placed on the vehicle or removed from the vehicle, according to a vehicle energy requirement.

Application to agricultural tractors, vineyard tractors and public works machinery.

ELECTRICAL AND POWER SUPPLY

Electrically propelled land utility vehicle with multiple power sources

Technical area

The present invention relates to a land utility vehicle with electric propulsion and multiple power sources. It is considered that the vehicle is electrically propelled when it is equipped with one or more electric motors used for moving the vehicle. In particular, they are coupled to the wheels or tracks of the vehicle. Furthermore, it is considered that the vehicle has multiple electrical power sources when it is likely to have, permanently or not, more than one electrical power source for its operation or for the operation of its accessories or tackle.

The invention finds applications in particular in the agricultural or viticultural field, for electric tractors, as well as for public works, forestry or roadworks machines.

State of the prior art.

A state of the art is illustrated by the sweet documents having trac> vehicles or electric tractors:

608

472

US 6,573,675

US 7,468,587.

The? tractors, and more generally utility vehicles, are generally heavy vehicles weighing several hundred kg. They are used alone when they are dedicated to a single function, for example a road cleaning vehicle, or combined with additional specialized equipment, for example, a tractor associated with a trailer, a towed grape harvester, a spray, '...

However, taking into account the power required for these associated vehicles if necessary? ♦ ^ jipemerU, in particular for tractors used in the agricultural field, the mass and cost of the batteries can prove to be essential to ensure the autonomy of the vehicle during a full working day.

Statement of the invention

The invention stems from the observation qua ^1a and β> ^ϊ! ν.Λ ^ _ξ ”!

necessary for the operation of utility vehicles, and in particular agria school tractors, is very variable depending on their use.

While a limited power could be enough to use the vehicle in a simple movement, or for the use of energy-efficient equipment such as towing a light trailer, much more power may be required. plowing work, or work involving equipment or access to energy consumption driven and driven by PTOs of the vehicle.

Such electrically propelled utility vehicles would thus be used most of the time with relatively low energy needs for several hours- ”, would therefore enjoy for this purpose being powered by a lighter battery, less bulky and much less expensive to cover these needs.

The invention thus aims to provide an electric vehicle adaptable in terms of electrical power, depending on the workload to which it was born.

To achieve this goal, the invention provides an electrically propelled land utility vehicle comprising:

- at least one electric propulsion motor and

at least one main source of electrical power for the vehicle comprising a storage battery,

According to the invention, the vehicle further comprises:

- At least one auxiliary source of electrical power, separate from the main source of electrical power, the auxiliary source of electrical power of the vehicle being a removable source, configured to be selectively placed on the vehicle or removed of the vehicle, depending on the energy requirement of the vehicle.

The main source of electrical power comprises a storage battery preferably installed permanently in the vehicle. This battery can be recharged at ’> k> c, gn connecting it to an electric charging station, for example when the vehicle is stored.

It is considered that the main source of electrical supply is intended for the electrical supply of the vehicle when it is used in particular for supplying the electric propulsion motor or motors. It can also be used for the power supply of other electrical equipment of the vehicle such as electrical, mechanical or hydraulic power take-offs.

The main source of food for the vehicle can be configured to supply the vehicle, and associated equipment, in all circumstances, so that the only main source of power is sufficient for the use of the vehicle, independently .

The auxiliary source of electrical power for the vehicle is not permanently installed in the corn vehicle is removable. It is considered that the auxiliary source of electric power is removable when it can be easily and quickly removed and disconnected from the vehicle, or on the contrary put in place and connected quickly, without additional measure of adaptation of the vehicle, and at least also quickly than adapting equipment to the vehicle.

In particular, the auxiliary power source can be configured for quick fixing phns, such as hooks, or fixing lugs with manual actuation without tools.

The removable nature of the auxiliary source of electrical power makes it possible to adapt the vehicle according to a need for energy, for a longer working time in autonomy of the vehicle for example, and makes it possible to considerably reduce the main source d 'power provided to stay i remains on I® vehicle. In particular, the main source of electrical power can be a storage battery, the electrical capacity and weight of which are much lower than those which would be re t t <> hi Ay of the possibility of setting up the auxiliary source of power supply.

When the vehicle is to be used for a light, energy-efficient task, typically for the simple movement of its user or to tow a light trailer, the main source alone, although of limited electrical capacity, has sufficient autonomy, for example at least half a day of work.

Likewise when the vehicle is used for a heavy and energy consuming task, but low on the A up? free of the order of an hour, the main source alone can also have sufficient autonomy.

>'î ¹ * < ^! ₍ v y'ij is preferably not equh * m ih.

electric mentatlon.

It turns out that, under these conditions, that is to say without an auxiliary source of electric power, the electric vehicle can generally meet most of the needs of the user during a working year ”9 u un viticulturalist, for example, This results in a light tractor, of a reasonable cost, causing less compaction of the soil during its passage through the vines, while not polluting the vines and working without significant noise.

On the other hand when the vehicle must be used for a heavy and energy-consuming task, or when a long autonomy of use is required, it needs to be equipped with the auxiliary source of electric power.

In this case, the auxiliary source of electrical power for the vehicle, on board the vehicle, can supplement the energy needs, to power the propulsion engine (s), to power your equipment ίΛν, νηυΜ vehicle power take-offs, or even for recharge the battery from the main power source.

Different types of auxiliary power sources can be considered. In particular, the auxiliary source of electrical power can "import a fuel cell, for example a hydrogen or alcohol cell (methanol, ethanol), a battery of electric accumulators, or an autonomous generator with thermal engine. These different solutions are not exclusive of each other. Indeed, several auxiliary sources can be provided and intended for the vehicle.

The use of an autonomous generator with a thermal engine as an auxiliary source of electrical power makes it possible to considerably increase the autonomy of the vehicle for polluting emissions and a reduced cost. These are, for example, a skirt with an internal combustion engine powered by petrol, diesel, natural gas or ethanol, depending on the fuel most used in the country concerned by the use of the vehicle. The autonomy of the generator set is ensured in particular by the amount of fuel contained! -. i .to · a fuel tank integrated into the generator and by the presence of a starting d f. Furthermore, the heat engine may preferably be a constant speed engine, so as to limit its consumption!

of polluting gases.

According to an advantageous feature of the invention, the vehicle may include an electrical distribution bus. In this case, the main source of electric propulsion power supply are connected to an electric distribution bus,

Furthermore, the vehicle may also include a connector for the auxiliary source of electrical power, j "j uwwdar ntynt also connected to the electrical distribution bus.

The function of the bus is to distribute the electrical energy according to the needs of the plant and according to the sources of electrical power available.

/ t Reference, the electric distribution bus of the vehicle is configured to malnten r ur, sa »high voltage, higher than 300 Voies, e! for example at a voltage threshold of 460 Volts, and includes power components capable of maintaining many voltage levels. Maintaining this high voltage makes it possible to limit the intensity of the currents originating from or intended for the equipment connected to the voltage bus, taking into account the powers transmitted via the electrical distribution bus.

As an example, the electric distribution bus can supply the electric propulsion motors of the vehicle from the storage battery of the main electric power source and / or from the auxiliary power source. electric when present.

The bus can also be used to charge the storage battery of the main source® of electrical power with an electric current produced such as electric propulsion motors used in generators during braking of the vehicle.

Finally, the bus can supply the storage battery of the main power supply to recharge it with current from the auxiliary power supply, especially if the energy> ⁿ . produced by the auxiliary source temporarily exceeds the needs of the vehicle.

In fact, your main source of electrical power may include a voltage converter configured for the electrical supply of the electrical distribution bus from your storage battery of the main source of electrical power and, conversely, for charging the storage battery from the main source of electrical power from the electrical distribution bus.

In this case, the converter is preferably a bidirectional continuous current converter. The bus voltage is preferably greater than the maximum voltage of the main source storage battery, defined in the charged state.

The auxiliary source of electrical power can coi an internal voltage converter, that is to say a converter which is specific to it, to adapt the voltage of the auxiliary source to that of the bus. This makes it easier to connect the auxiliary source to the bus tors of its installation on the vehicle.

The vehicle may further comprise at least one of an electric power take-off, and a pump or an electric motor connected to the electric distribution bus.

By electrical power take-off is meant either an electrical connector to which accessory equipment can be connected, or a mechanical power take-off® driven by an electric motor. Equipment is provided for the supply of electrical, mechanical or hydraulic energy to accessory equipment of the vehicle, such as hydrostatic lifting equipment, plowing equipment, vineyard or plantation treatment equipment, or even equipment of public works with actuators.

• vehicle may include a plurality of electric propulsion motors connected respectively to a plurality of drive wheels. It can also be fitted with tracks.

The uw. c * »». seen Ms mentioned above, and consisting in equipping the vehicle. <x? hi-vi -> auxiliary power supply unit in the form of a storage battery | h>w>', hment tarnished advantages of C3ût and amortization of the cost of the vehicle. There is indeed a general trend on the market for accumulator batteries of increasing electrical capacity and decreasing uodt. w is running over time. The advent of cheaper and more efficient batteries is therefore to be expected. Thus, the vehicle may initially be provided with a main source of electrical power in the form of a battery of HimM capacity and cost accumulators, m necessary for an auxiliary source of power of the generator group type, so as to reduce w mfiuance on the price of the vehicle. Such a vehicle then allows subsequent development at a lower cost, in terms of capacity and autonomy, but also in terms of reduction in emitting noise and noise, thanks to a new storage battery, less expensive, and used as auxiliary source of electrical power within the meaning of the invention. Such an evolution then requires no derro'fen ₍ c nor any intervention in the workshop on the vehicle.

Advantageously, the vehicle of the invention can be associated with an electric battery charger. The electric charger is intended for recharging an electric storage battery equipping at least one of the main source of electric power and the auxiliary source of electric power.

The electric charger can be integrated into an autonomous electric charging station, distant from the vehicle, but preferably dedicated to the vehicle. Osr ”œ these. The battery from the main power source can be recharged when the vehicle is near the charging station. The loading station is, for example, in a® rerrv.w for the vehicle. When the vehicle is equipped with an auxiliary source of electrical power PmùVî ri’uori electric battery, this can similarly be charged by the electric charger of the charging station.

According to another possibility, which is not exclusive of the previous one, the electric charger can be integrated into the vehicle. In this case the batteries of the main source of electrical power, and if necessary the battery of the auxiliary source of electrical power can be recharged by the charger connected to any outlet of a domestic electrical distribution network or Industrial.

At least one of the storage battery of the main power supply, and the batteries of the auxiliary power supply may be provided with a battery management unit configured to control the charge and the discharge of the storage battery, as well as the balance of the storage battery.

As indicated above, the vehicle can be an agricultural tractor, a wine tractor or a public works machine.

Other characteristics and advantages of the invention appear from the description which follows, with reference to the figures of the drawings. This description is given by way of illustration and not limitation.

Brief description of the figures

Figure 1 is a schematic perspective representation of an agricultural tractor in a configuration without an auxiliary source of electrical power.

Figure 2 is a partial exploded view of the agricultural tractor of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a schematic perspective representation of an agricultural tractor in a configuration with an auxiliary source Jslirnentatlon electric under the force j 7 fuel or an electric accumulator battery.

Figure 4 is a partial exploded view of the agricultural tractor of Figure 2.

FIG. 5 is a partial and schematic exploded view of an agricultural tractor in a configuration with an auxiliary source of electrical power in the form of a generator set with a thermal engine.

Figure 6 is a schematic and block diagram of the main electrical components of a vehicle according to the invention and illustrates their mutual connection.

Lfis figrcm would have performed in free scale.

Detailed description of modes of implementation of the invention

Identical, similar or equivalent parts of the different figures are indicated with your same numerical iWrences so as to be able to carry over from one figure to another.

FIG. 1 shows an agricultural tractor 10 provided with four driving wheels

12. The tractor also comprises a control cabin 14, and a main electric power supply 20 comprising a battery, electric accumulators 21, represented here symbolically. Due to the weight d® the ^(inert, it is disposed in a low position, partly in your cabin 14 so as to ensure good stability of the tractor.

The part of the main source of electrical power 20 protruding from the cabin is covered with a cover 22.

FIG. 2 shows, in the form of an exploded view, electric propulsion motors 24 for the wheels, provided with reducers and respectively associated with each of the wheels of the tractor 10. The wheels are thus each m <

electric motor 24 has for example a power rating 5kW, and a peak power of 50kW. Such motors associated with mechanical reducers with a ratio of 1/50 allow transmission without a gearbox for speeds from 0 to 40 km / h approximately.

In FIG. 2, the cover 22 is removed from the tm, t in L "hf J" miter a connector 26. The connector 26, in the form of a fixed base, comprises power connection terminals and transmission terminals control signals. The function of connector 26 is described below.

The storage battery 21 of the main electrical power source 20 is represented symbolically. It is, for example, a lithium-ion type battery with an energy of 20 kWh or more, delivering a voltage of 300 volts.

Figure 3 m η m> a 10 if »· which the cover 22 is replaced by an auxiliary source 40 of electrical power. The auxiliary source of electrical power is an electrochemical source provided with an accumulator battery 42 and / or a fuel plaice 44 indicated symbolically

A voltage converter 46 allowing ataju & iui ta tansion of the auxiliary power supply source 40 to the nominal operating voltage of the tractor is also indicated symbolically, These elements are contained in a cased housing 48, fixed on the tractor by means quick fixing not shown.

FIG. 4 shows, in the form of an exploded view, that the auxiliary source 40 of electrical supply is also provided with a connector 27. When the auxiliary source 40 of electrical supply is placed on the tractor instead of cover 22, the connector 27 of the auxiliary source is coupled with the connector 26 of the tractor, to establish an electrical connection to the auxiliary power supply and the tractor. The electrical connection may include a power connection and a signal connection. This aspect is described below.

FIG. H shows schematically and in the form of an exploded view, a particularly advantageous possibility of making the tractor in which the auxiliary source 40 of electrical supply comprises a generator 50.

The main members of the generator are a heat engine 52 of which only an exhaust duct is visible, an alternator 54, driven by the heat engine 52, and a fuel tank 56. These members are represented symbolically.

The heat engine 52 is, for example, a 35 S 50 kW motor, with three cylinders, the rotational speed of which is adjusted to 3000 revolutions per minute. It is preferably a fixed speed of rotation corresponding to the maximum efficiency of the heat engine.

The generator 50 may include others not shown, such as:

- a mechanical multiplier to increase the speed of rotation of the alternator, compared to the speed of rotation of the heat engine. The multiplier allows, for example, to rotate the alternator 54 at a speed of 8000 revolutions per minute for a rotational speed of the thermal engine 52 d® 3000 revolutions per minute.

-a rectifier and yn filter of the alternating voltage produced by the alternator to make it a direct voltage,

- yn possible voltage converter to adapt the output voltage of the generator set to a nominal operating voltage of an electrical distribution bus of the tractor, described below,

- a heat engine cooling radiator,

- an electric starter provided with an autonomous battery specific to the starter.

an electronic control unit. The control unit can then be connected to a vehicle calculation and control unit. This aspect is described in more detail in the following description.

Incidentally te étectmgfe · ® group can include a connection interface allowing to connect domestic or industrial electrical devices other than the tractor, when it is not fitted to the tractor or when it is on board w te * μΙλ, ρ iCrrtt . The generator can thus also serve as a general-purpose power supply.

h> rp of the generator set 50 are housed in a box s m u 1 48, which can be attached to the tractor in a manner comparable to the cased body 48 in FIG. 3. It is fixed there by quick fixing means, not shown.

When the generator set 50 © is installed on the tractor, it is also electrically connected to the tractor by means of a connector 27, which engages with the connector 26 of the tractor.

The connectors 26, 27 have several functions. A main function is to connect the auxiliary source of aiimentatbn 40 to the tractor 10 and in particular to an electrical distribution bus of the tractor. Another function is to allow bidirectional transmission of command and control signals between the tractor and the auxiliary source 40 of electric power. It should however be specified that the connectors can be split to separate the control signals and the power transmission.

In the case of an auxiliary source of electrical power 40 in the form of an ele group> h λ _s "t '"">> n? jt be controlled as a function of the charge or the voltage of the storage battery 21 of the main source 20 of the tractor supply. By way of example, when the voltage of the battery 21 reaches a predetermined low threshold, a control signal can be sent to the generator 50 to trigger the automatic start of the heat engine 52. Conversely, when the voltage of the battery 21 reached a predetermined high threshold, a control signal can be sent to the generator 50 to stop the heat engine 52.

FIG. 6 illustrates schematically and simplified a possibility of connection of the main electrical members of the tractor 10.

The electrical architecture of the tractor is organized around an electrical distribution bus 60. It is, for example, a direct current bus at 1) volt. The electric distribution bus 60 is connected to the electric propulsion motors 24 of the tractor 10. It is also connected to an electric front PTO motor 62, a rear electric PTO motor 84, and a drive motor 66 a hydraulic pump. Other electrical consumers not shown, such as, for example, an electrical outlet for tractor accessories, tractor light bulbs, windshield wipers, air conditioning or electronic components of a control unit, can also be supplied directly or indirectly via the bus 60 of electrical distribution. If necessary, voltage converters can be provided to adapt the voltage of bus 60 to the nominal voltage of the motors and electrical equipment mentioned above.

The electrical distribution bus 60 is electrically connected to the battery 21 of the main source of electrical power also by means of a bidirectional voltage converter 23 making it possible to adapt the voltage of the battery 21 to that of the bus 60.

. - bi λ eM finally electrically connected to connector 26 of the tractor.

When no auxiliary power supply is fitted to the tractor, the power supply is from the only main source of power supply. Electrical energy is distributed to motors and other electrical consumers via bus 60 of electrical distribution.

When the propulsion electric motors 24 are motors operating according to a generator mode during braking phases of the tractor, these can also supply a rge current from the battery 21 of the main source 20 of electric power. This is the case in particular when the electric propulsion motors 24 are DC motors> ¹ <5 brushes, and with electronic control.

As indicated above, you know *. " <electric 26 of the tractor is also connected to bus 60 of electrical distribution. Thus, when an auxiliary source 40 of electrical power is placed on the tractor and connected to the connector 26 of the tractor, the auxiliary power source is electrically connected to the bus 60 of electrical distribution. In this case, the electric propulsion motors 24 and the other electric consumers 82, 64, 66 mentioned above can be directly supplied by the only auxiliary source 40 of electric power, or concomitantly by the main source and the auxiliary source.

In addition, if the energy capable of being supplied by the auxiliary source 40 of electrical power exceeds the energy consumed by the engines and electrical accessories of the tractor, the auxiliary source 40 of electrical power also makes it possible to recharge the battery 21 of the electrical supply sour, via the bus 60 of electrical distribution.

The reference 70, symbolically indicates a calculation and control unit, also connected to the electrical connector 26 of the tractor. This unit makes it possible to transmit control signals to the auxiliary power supply source 40, as a function of operating parameters of the tractor, and in particular as a function of a change state of the storage battery 21 of the main source. 20 power supply. The calculation and control unit comprises a communication bus 72 indicated in broken lines, such as, for example, a bus with CAN communication protocol. The communication bus 72 is connected to the various members connected to the electrical distribution bus 60, as well as to sensors, not shown. The calculation and command unit thus makes it possible to control and command the vehicle and the various members connected to the bus 60 of electrical distribution. Finally, the nmande computing unit is connected to a man / machine interface 74 located in the vehicle cabin to control and steer the vehicle.

The calculation and control unit 70 can also collect, via the connector 26, monitoring signals and operating signals from the auxiliary power supply source 40. It may be, for example, signals from a battery ur jv ^ fewtlon indicative of a state of charge of an electric battery of your auxiliary power supply source 40, if it is provided with one. It can also be signals from an electronic unit, indicative of an operating state of a generator set when such a group equips the auxiliary power supply source 40. In this case, the signals can indicate, for example, a fuel level in a fuel tank of the generator set.

Similarly, when the auxiliary source of electrical power includes a fuel cell, the computing and control unit 70 may collect signals indicative of a level of fuel in the fuel cell.

As shown in FIG. 6, the computation and control unit 70 of the tractor is connected to the auxiliary power supply source 40 via connectors 26, 27 and the communication bus 72, Ced makes it possible to connect automatically the calculation and control unit 70 to an electronic control unit oo a propm i ih srurn auxiliary power supply management unit, when the auxiliary source 40 is connected to the tractor 4O. In FIG. β, a broken line indicates te accessory and optional nature of the auxiliary power supply source 40.

When the tractor is out of service, for example when it is stored, a battery charger, not shown, can be connected to the electrical distribution bus 60 by means of <ai a ή Iw senior or "or the intermediary of '' a dedicated connector. The battery charger in no way constitutes a source of auxiliary electrical power to the tractor within the meaning of the invention insofar as it does not intervene in the electrical power of the engines. The battery charger makes it possible to recharge the storage battery 21 from the main source 20 of electric power, or to keep it charged.

Similarly, the same charger can be connected to the auxiliary source of electrical power, either directly, evening via the electrical distribution bus of the tractor, when the auxiliary source of electrical power is provided with timers. In this case the charger can also be used to charge and maintain the charge of the storage battery of the auxiliary power supply.

A charger on board the tractor can also be provided for recharging the batteries from the auxiliary principle source, by a simple connection to a domestic or industrial electrical distribution network.

Claims (15)

Claims 1) Electrically propelled land utility vehicle (10) comprising: - at least one electric propulsion motor (24) - at least one main source (20) of electrical power to the vehicle comprising a storage battery (21), characterized by> ov at least one auxiliary source (40) of electrical power to the vehicle, distinct from the main source® ( 20) electrical power supply, the auxiliary source of electrical power to the vehicle being a removable source, configured to be selectively placed on the vehicle or removed from the vehicle, according to a power requirement of the vehicle. 2) Vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary source (40) of electric power comprises an autonomous generator (50) with thermal engine (52). 3) Vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary source (40) of electric power comprises a battery of electric accumulators (42). 4) Vehicle according to claim 1, wherein your auxiliary source (40) of electrical power comprises an autonomous fuel plaice (44). 5) Vehicle according to claim 1, comprising an electric distribution bus (60), and in which the main source (20) of electric power and the electric propulsion motor (24) are connected to the distribution bus (60) electric. 6) Vehicle according to your claim 5, further comprising a connector (26) for the auxiliary source (40) of electrical power, the connector being connected to the bus (60) of electrical power. 7) Vehicle according to claim 5, wherein the main source (20) of electric power comprises a voltage converter (23) configured for the electric supply of the electric distribution bus from the electric storage battery (21 ) and for charging electric storage batteries (21) the main source (20) of electric power from the electric distribution bus (60). 8) Vehicle according to claim 5, further comprising at least one of an electrical outlet (62, 64), and a hydraulic pump with an electric motor (66) connected to the bus (60) of electrical distribution. 9) Vehicle according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the auxiliary source (20) of electrical power comprises a voltage converter (46). 10) Vehicle according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a plurality of electric propulsion motors (24) respectively connected to a plurality of drive wheels (12). 11) Vehicle according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that the vehicle is one of a t icole, a wine tractor and a public works machine. 12) Vehicle according to any one of claim ^ pwxôcterwes, associated with an electric battery charger, intended for recharging an electric storage battery equipping at least one of the main source® of electric power and the auxiliary power source. 13) Vehicle according to claim 12, wherein the electric charger is integrated in an electric charging station remote from the vehicle. 14) Vehicle according to claim 12, wherein the electric charger is integrated into the vehicle. 15) Vehicle according to claim 3, wherein at least one of the storage battery (21) of (a main source of electrical power, and the storage battery (42) of the auxiliary source of electrical supply is provided with a battery management unit configured to control the charging and discharging of the storage battery, as well as the balancing of the storage battery cells.