FR3051910A1 - SAMPLE EXTRACTOR TOOL FROM CARROTAGE - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a tool (1) for extracting a non-emerging core of a wall or wall (90) having: - at a proximal end, a gripping zone (3) of the longitudinally extending tool, - a longitudinally extending tubular shaped sample receiving area (4) sized to receive the sample (100), - a ramp placed at the bottom of the receiving area, the height of the ramp increasing radially towards the axis of rotation and towards the gripping zone (3). The extraction tool comprises one or more cutting elements actuated by elastic return elements (40) to press on the circumference of the sample, and make a cutting notch by rotation of the tool, producing embrittlement from the base of the sample. An additional insertion then presses the ramp onto one side of the sample, which breaks by bending. He falls into the reception area, and comes out with the tool.

Description

"Sample extractor tool from coring"

The present invention relates to a non-opening drill sample extractor tool, in particular a concrete core.

The present invention particularly relates to a tool for extracting a drill core from a wall such as a wall, in a floor or a ceiling having: at a proximal end, a gripping zone of the tool; extending longitudinally, a longitudinally extending tubular shaped sample receiving area sized to receive the sample, a ramp placed at the bottom of the receiving zone, the height of the ramp increasing radially towards the axis of rotation and towards the grip area. The extraction tool comprises one or more cutting elements actuated by elastic return elements to press on the circumference of the sample, and make a cutting notch by rotation of the tool, producing embrittlement of the base of the sample. An additional insertion then presses the ramp onto one side of the sample, which breaks by bending. He falls into the reception area, and comes out with the tool.

State of the art

In the field of civil engineering, in terms of "destructive" control, it is sometimes necessary to take samples from walls, for example concrete walls. In particular, it is necessary to take samples from the dismantling sites of potentially dangerous installations, for example nuclear power plants. This makes it possible to analyze the material of the wall in order to know its state of radioactivity, and to decide how to treat the waste that will come from this wall.

It is known to carry out coring in the walls in the following way: - to prepare the "carrot", an annular cut is made: a circular saw in the wall to a certain depth, thanks to a device to be bored, by for example a drill equipped with a reamer sleeve or a "bell" saw, - the sample or the core is broken with a hammer and chisel, then, - the sample is taken by hand. to analyze it. The coring operation is an operation for which it is avoided to put the operators in contact with the sampled material, as a precaution and as far as is reasonably possible to do so. In addition, this operation is difficult to perform because it is done by hand and it often takes place in confined spaces.

US 6,634,440 B2 discloses a drill sample extractor tool having a receiving zone and a gripping zone. The receiving zone has a semicircular section in its lower part and extends axially to receive the sample. The interior of the receiving area has a ramp which extends inward of the diameter of the tool and which is placed completely opposite the gripping zone, i.e. input of the tool. The height of the ramp increases towards the gripping area, and is intended to be larger than the space left by the annular cutout. When the ramp is inserted in this cut, under the effect of an axial thrust, its slope makes it possible to exert a lateral force by pressing, creating a bending moment on the sample in order to break it.

But it can be difficult to insert the extractor tool to the base of the sample to be taken. In addition, the sample can break into several pieces which one seeks to avoid. The purpose of the invention is to take the sample in a single piece and more reliably, and to increase the reliability of the measurement. It also aims to facilitate sample collection and limit operator contact with the sample, reducing the risk of radioactive contamination.

Presentation of the invention

At least one of the objectives is achieved with a drill sample extraction tool, typically a pre-cut cylindrical sample, having: - an elongated shape extending about an axis of rotation, - at one end proximal, a gripping zone of the tool extending longitudinally, - a tubular sample receiving zone extending: O longitudinally, between the gripping zone and a distal end of the tool, and O circumferentially around the axis of rotation to form a cylindrical housing sized to receive the sample, - a ramp placed inside the receiving zone on a local part of the circumference and extending inside the zone of reception, the height of the ramp increasing radially towards the axis of rotation and towards the gripping zone.

Preferably, the extraction tool has a cylindrical shape and for example circular.

The gripping zone is intended to cooperate with one or more types of mandrel of a rotary tool, for example polygonal (three, four or six sides), or "SDS" type. The gripping zone may have a variable diameter along its longitudinal direction. For example, the gripping zone may have a shoulder 30 along its longitudinal direction, as illustrated in FIGS. 9a to 9c.

According to the invention, the extraction tool comprises one or more cutting elements, placed on the side of the distal end. Each cutting element carries a working end extending radially in the receiving zone towards the axis of rotation so as to make a cutting notch around the sample, when the tool is rotated, producing embrittlement. local sample. The cutting notch reduces the section of the sample to a selected distance from the wall surface, facilitating the breakage of the sample near the cutting notch. Cutting notch means a total or partial cut on the periphery of the sample.

The radial distance between the axis of rotation of the tool and the working end of each cutting element is less than the radius of the sample to be taken. The difference in measurement corresponds to the depth of the desired cutting notch. Preferably, the axis of rotation of the tool and the axis of the sample are merged.

According to the invention, the receiving zone further comprises one or more elastic return elements which act on the radial position of the cutting elements to allow said cutting elements to: move away while remaining in support on the surface of the sample when inserting the receiving zone around the sample, to perform the cutting by removal of material under the effect of said support, when the tool is rotated. The extraction tool according to the invention facilitates sampling. It proposes to break the sample more reliably than known devices such as the extractor tool cited above or the use of a chisel by an operator, avoiding breaking it into several pieces, reducing the formation of dust and debris. It thus makes it possible to improve the speed of the samples, and thus the exposure of the operators. It also makes it possible to improve the accuracy of the cutting, the regularity of the sampling operations and thus the uniformity of the samples obtained, which makes the measurements obtained more reliable.

It also allows the operator not to be in contact with the sample or even with the wall and to be able to stay at a distance from them, limiting the risk of contaminations due to contact or proximity to the sample. or dust generated during sampling.

Preferably, the extraction tool comprises a plurality of cutting elements angularly distributed around the axis of rotation and which are actuated by different elastic return elements. This characteristic makes it possible to improve the speed of realization of the cut notch.

According to a preferred embodiment of the extraction tool, the receiving zone comprises a tubular wall which circumferentially extends discontinuously around the receiving zone. In particular, the tubular wall of the receiving zone represents the entire circumference of this cylinder, or a proportion of this circumference greater than 50%, preferably greater than 75%. Said wall comprises at least two longitudinally extending petal tube portions separated by voids, said petals joining at the gripping zone side. In this embodiment, each petal corresponds to an elastic return element. The elastic return element is made simply, thanks to the elasticity of the tube portions, especially at the base thereof. Preferably, the spaces between the tube portions within the receiving zone each represent less than 10% of the circumference, and for example less than 2 cm, or even less than 1 cm.

Preferably, each tube portion has rectilinear longitudinal sides. Near the gripping zone, the width of each portion of tube decreases to facilitate its deflection. For example, the spaces between the tube portions enlarge near the gripping area, and have for example the form of openings, for example circular or square shaped whose corners are rounded.

According to one feature, the at least one cutting element has a cutting profile oriented towards or in a circumferential cutting direction, corresponding to a cutting rotation direction implemented to make the notch. Preferably, the cutting element is a wafer having a cutting angle of attack. Preferably, the extraction tool is rotated before or during the insertion of the tool in a direction of rotation opposite to the direction of cutting rotation. This feature avoids or limits the cutting of the sample during the insertion of the extraction tool.

According to another feature, in combination with a cutting profile, the cutting element comprises a sliding profile, rounded or in the form of a ramp, in a circumferential direction of sliding corresponding to a direction of rotation opposite to the direction of cutting rotation. . A cutting element thus produced has an asymmetric profile in rotation, this makes it easier to insert and insert the tool around the sample without breaking the surface.

According to yet another feature, alternatively or in combination, the at least one cutting element has, in the axial direction, an insertion face with an insertion profile oriented in the direction of displacement during the insertion of the tool around the sample. Preferably, the at least one cutting element has a retention face with a retention profile oriented in the direction of displacement during the extraction of the sample. The retention profile has in particular a profile arranged to exert on the sample an axial force greater than the insertion profile. The retention profile keeps the sample in the receiving area. Such a cutting element thus has an asymmetric insertion profile, which facilitates the insertion of the tool, in the axial direction, on the sample.

Preferably, the ramp, in its point of contact with the sample, is spaced longitudinally from the cutting elements to the gripping zone by a distance greater than the length of the sample to be taken. Preferably, the ramp is placed at the bottom of the reception zone. During insertion and during cutting, the ramp does not contact the sample. This feature allows the cutting to a desired distance without being bothered by the ramp. As a result, the sample is broken only after the embrittlement cut, by pushing the tool a little deeper into the initial annular cut. Even if the sample breaks, this only happens once it is completely surrounded by the reception zone, since the ramp acts only at the end of insertion. The pieces are well preserved in the tool.

According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided a motorized system comprising at least one extraction tool, as defined above, motorized in rotation and in translation, in particular controlled remotely. The tool can for example be mounted on a rotary machine, such as a drill or a pneumatic hammer, portable or not. For example, the extraction tool is mounted on a robot controlled remotely by an operator. The use of a robot, autonomous or controlled remotely, minimizes or even avoid any contact operators with the samples, and in particular with the debris or dust due to the embrittlement cut during sampling. Preferably, the extraction process is carried out without any direct human intervention on the tool during the sampling operation or on the sample.

According to yet another aspect of the invention, there is provided a method of extracting a drill sample comprising the following steps: - sample is formed by cutting in a wall to be sampled, using a device to coring to form an annular cavity around a cylindrical sample, - an extraction tool as defined above is inserted into the annular cavity, around the sample, and without contact of the ramp with the sample, - the extraction tool is rotated in a cutting direction to make a cutting notch around the sample to be taken, thus achieving a weakened fracture zone, - the extraction tool is inserted deeper into the longitudinal direction until the ramp radially presses on the proximal end of the sample so as to rupture the sample by bending.

This extraction process makes it possible to take samples more quickly, easier and more reliably and by improving operator safety by avoiding any contact with the samples.

According to one feature, the extraction tool is rotated before or during insertion of the tool. This feature has the advantage of facilitating the insertion of the tool around the sample to be taken. Preferably, the extraction tool is rotated at a speed calculated to produce a circumferential advance less than the axial advance, for example by a factor of at least 2 or even at least 5. This characteristic also makes it possible to limit the cutting of the sample, or avoid cutting its surface, during the insertion of the extraction tool. Preferably, the extraction tool is rotated before or during the insertion of the tool in a direction of rotation opposite to the direction of cutting rotation. The tool is rotated in the opposite direction of the angle of attack of the cutting elements.

According to yet another feature, alternatively or in combination, the extraction tool is rotated after having made the cutting notch. It then acts axially on the extraction tool in order to bring into contact the ramp of the tool and the sample. The rotation of the tool facilitates the output of the cutting elements from the cutting notch. Once the cutting elements have come out of the cutting notch, the extraction tool is inserted deeper around the sample so that the ramp comes into contact with the sample. Preferably, the extraction tool is rotated in a direction of rotation opposite the direction of cutting rotation to facilitate the output of the cutting elements from the cutting notch. Alternatively, the extraction tool can be inserted deeper, without rotation, around the sample.

DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES AND EMBODIMENTS Other features and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the detailed description of implementations and non-limiting embodiments, with reference to appended figures in which - FIG. a perspective view at the scale of an extraction tool according to the invention, in an exemplary embodiment with three petals, positioned in front of a wall to be sampled; FIG. 2a is a cross-sectional scale view of an extraction tool according to a particular embodiment, here in a version comprising three tube portions; - Figure 2b is a scale view in a longitudinal section through the axis of tool rotation of Figure 2a; - Figure 2c is a perspective view on the scale of the distal end of the extraction tool of Figures 2a and 2b, carrying the cutting elements;

Figure 2d is a perspective view of a cutting element according to one embodiment; FIG. 3a is a perspective view on a scale of the extraction tool of FIG. 1, being inserted around a sample to be taken from a wall; FIG. 3b is a schematic view of the tool of FIG. 1, in a longitudinal section passing through the axis of rotation of the tool, after insertion and before cutting, the cutting elements pressing on the sample to be taken; ; - Figure 4 is a schematic view of the tool of Figure 1, in a longitudinal section through the axis of tool rotation, the cutting elements forming a cutting notch; FIG. 5a is a perspective view on a scale of an extraction tool positioned around a sample to be taken and after making the cutting notch, being pressed further into the wall for cause the breakage of said sample; - Figure 5b is a schematic view of the tool of Figure 5a, in a longitudinal section through the axis of rotation of the tool, illustrating the ramp in contact with the sample before breakage; FIG. 5c is a perspective view in scale of the tool of FIG. 5a, detailing the ramp in contact with the sample during the breakage of the latter; - Figure 5d is a schematic view of the tool of Figure 5c, in a longitudinal section through the axis of rotation of the tool, during the breaking of the sample; - Figure 6 is a schematic view of the tool of Figure 1, in a longitudinal section through the axis of tool rotation, after breaking and during the extraction of the sample taken; - Figure 7 shows an extraction tool mounted on a motorized tool for manual use; FIG. 8 shows an extraction tool mounted on a robot comprising a manipulation arm that can be controlled remotely; FIGS. 9a to 9d are scale figures which illustrate an extraction tool according to the invention, in an exemplary embodiment with two petals; respectively in longitudinal section, in side view, in perspective, and in cross section.

Description of an exemplary embodiment

The embodiments which will be described hereinafter are in no way limiting; it will be possible in particular to implement variants of the invention comprising only a selection of characteristics described hereinafter isolated from the other characteristics described, if this selection of characteristics is sufficient to confer a technical advantage or to differentiate the invention compared in the state of the prior art. This selection comprises at least one feature preferably functional without structural details, or with only a part of the structural details if this part alone is sufficient to confer a technical advantage or to differentiate the invention from the state of the prior art.

In particular, all the variants and all the embodiments described are intended to be combined with each other in any combination where there is no technical objection to it.

Figures 1, 2a and 2b illustrate a drill sample extraction tool 1. With reference to FIGS. 1 to 6, the extraction tool 1 is designed to take a precut cylindrical sample 100 in a wall or a wall 90. To avoid overloading FIGS. 1 to 2b and 3a to 6, the tool extraction is shown without tools or actuating means.

With reference to FIG. 2b, the extraction tool 1 has a substantially circular cylindrical shape around a longitudinal axis of rotation 2. It has at a proximal end a gripping zone 3 of the tool, here a cylindrical shape, extending longitudinally to allow its coupling with an actuating means, for example by being clamped by the jaws of a tool holder or a rotary machine. Preferably, the gripping zone 3 is provided to cooperate with one or more types of mandrel, for example a drill. The gripping zone is here represented in a circular cylindrical shape, but it is provided with various shapes depending on the machines to be used. This is for example a polygonal tail (for example with three, four or six sides), or a type of locking such as a form of the type "SDS". The tool 1 comprises a receiving zone 4 (see FIGS. 1, 2a and 2b) of the sample, having a tubular shape extending: longitudinally between the gripping zone 3 and a distal end of the tool, and circumferentially around the axis of rotation 2 to form a cylindrical housing sized to receive the sample 100 (see FIGS. 3a to 6).

The receiving zone 4 comprises a tubular wall which extends circumferentially, here discontinuously, around the receiving zone. Said wall comprises, according to a preferred embodiment, three tube portions 40 (see in particular FIGS. 2a, 2b and 2c) forming distinct "petals" which surround the axis and extend longitudinally towards the distal end. In this exemplary embodiment, they are separated by voids 41. For example, in order to maintain the sample or its pieces, the tubular wall of the receiving zone preferably represents a proportion of the circumference of a cylinder greater than 50%, preferably greater than 75%. The empty spaces 41 are here each arranged between two longitudinal edges of two adjacent petals 40. They are spaced along the circumference of the receiving zone, relative to one another, by an angle substantially equal to 120.degree. degrees. Preferably, the empty spaces 41 each represent less than 20% and in particular less than 10% of the circumference, and for example less than 2 cm, or even less than 1 cm. According to a preferred embodiment, each empty space 41 terminates, near the end of the receiving zone opposite the distal end, by a circumferential widening so as to form an enlarged empty space 42. The enlarged empty space 42 has the shape of a cylindrical opening, for example circular or square shaped whose corners are rounded. Preferably, the circumference of the opening 42 is at a non-zero distance from the wall which closes the receiving zone on the opposite side to the distal end, for example a distance equal to at least 0.5 to 1 cm. , in order to facilitate the machining of the opening. The decrease of each portion of tube or petal 40 at the base of the receiving zone forms a restricted zone which reduces its rigidity. This reduction allows each of them to deviate in a radial direction, by elastic flexion of the base 43 of each petal 40. According to the invention, the tube portions 40 thus form elastic return elements which can 'Spread and tighten in a radial direction.

According to another embodiment of the invention shown in Figures 9a to 9d, described here only in its differences, the extraction tool comprises two tube portions forming two "petals" 40. Each petal 40 carries two cutting plates 10, thus providing four platelets distributed at 90 °. In this embodiment, the voids 41 are spaced along the circumference of the receiving zone, with respect to each other, by an angle substantially equal to 180 degrees. The extraction tool comprises a ramp 5 placed inside the reception zone 4 on a local part of the circumference, less than its half, preferably less than 20% of its circumference and for example on one to five centimeters. This ramp 5 extends inside the receiving zone, and its height increases radiaiement towards the axis of rotation 2 and towards the gripping zone 3. With reference to FIGS. 2a and 2b, the ramp 5 is placed on a base 43 of a portion of tube 40, inside the receiving zone 4 (see Figures 2a, 2b and 5c).

With reference to FIGS. 2a to 2c, 3b, 4, 5b, 5d and 6, the extraction tool 1 comprises a cutting element 10 placed on each tube portion 40, on the distal end side of the tool. . Preferably, each cutting element is a machining plate, for example removable or preferably fixed, typically by welding or brazing. Each cutting element 10 has a working end 11 extending radially in the receiving zone 4 towards the rotation axis 2 (see FIGS. 2a to 2c). With reference to FIGS. 4, 5b and 5d, the cutting element is provided so as to make a cutting hole 20 around the sample 100, when the tool 1 is rotated. Preferably, the petals and / or cutting elements that they carry are distributed uniformly around the axis. For example, the petals 40 and the cutting members 10 are circumferentially spaced at an angle of 120 degrees. Each cutting member 10 is centered on the arc of the tube portion 40, at the end thereof at the distal end of the tool.

In the case where the extraction tool comprises two portions of tube, each of the portions carrying at least one cutting element. Preferably, the tool has four cutting elements, each tube portion comprising two cutting elements, so that they are spaced along the circumference of the receiving zone, relative to one another. at an angle substantially equal to 90 degrees.

Each cutting element is arranged in the receiving zone so that the radial distance between the axis of rotation 2 of the tool and the working end 11 of each cutting element is smaller than the radius of the sample 100. sampled. Thus, when the petals are started in the annular cutout 91 around the sample 100, the space between the cutting elements 10 is insufficient to accommodate the section of the sample. The axial force of insertion then causes a distance of the end of the petals, which resist by applying the cutting elements against the outer surface of the sample (see in particular Figures 3b, 5b and 5d).

The petal tube portions 40 thus provide elastic return elements which allow the cutting elements 10 to move in such a way as to: - deviate outwards while still resting on the surface of the sample 100 when the receiving zone 4 is inserted around the sample 100 (see FIG. 4), - making the cut by removal of material under the effect of said support, when the tool is rotated in the cutting direction (see FIG. 5). The tool can be kept motionless while being inserted into the annular cutout.

However, preferably, the extraction tool 1 is rotated before or during the insertion of the tool, preferably at low speed and for example less than 10% of the cutting speed, which allows to facilitate insertion.

According to one embodiment and with reference to FIGS. 2c and 2d, each cutting element 10 has both: a cutting profile 12 arranged to perform a removal of material when it is moving in a corresponding circumferential direction of cutting, in the direction of cutting rotation, and which is implemented to make the notch 20, as illustrated in Figure 4, and - a sliding profile 13 arranged to progress in a circumferential direction called sliding, corresponding to a direction of rotation opposite to the cutting direction of rotation.

The cutting profile 12 comprises a cutting face, facing the cutting direction of rotation, having a polygonal shape whose one of the vertices is part of the working end 11 of the cutting element 10 to allow the cutting removal of material. Said vertex corresponds to the tip of the material removal tool. According to the embodiment shown in Figure 2d, the cutting profile 12 is extruded from the cutting face in a direction transverse to the axis of rotation 2. The working end 11 forms an edge which extends in this transverse direction.

The sliding profile 13 comprises a sliding face, facing the direction of rotation opposite the cutting direction, having a polygonal shape, one of the vertices is substantially rounded to facilitate sliding on the sample. Preferably, the area of the sliding face is smaller than the area of the cutting face.

For example, the extraction tool 1 is rotated before or during the insertion of the tool in a direction of rotation opposite to the direction of cutting rotation. This characteristic makes it possible to avoid or limit the cutting of the sample during the insertion of the extraction tool and to facilitate its insertion.

Alternatively, the cutting element may also have no sliding profile, and for example have two cutting profiles to use the tool in both directions. Such a cutting element has for example two triangular cutting profiles, on two opposite faces each facing one of the directions of rotation. The tip of each triangle thus realizes a tip of material removal tool. This cutting element is for example a machining plate whose edge is oriented circumferentially, for example in the form of an extruded triangle whose long side is fixed iongitudinaiement inside a pike; or in the form of a square of which an opposite edge is embedded in the surface of the pike.

According to another feature, alternatively or in combination, each cutting element 10 has, in the axial direction, an insertion face with an insertion surface 14 oriented in the direction of the displacement during the insertion of the tool around it. of the sample 100. The insertion profi 14 is for example bevelled or rounded. Such a cutting element thus has a low insertion resistance, which makes it easier to insert the tool in the axial direction on the sample. The insertion depth is such that the height of the cutting element increases radially towards the axis of rotation and towards the gripping zone. According to a particular embodiment and with reference to FIG. 2d, the insertion profile 14 comprises a bevelled face 14g and a bevelled face 14d. The inclination of the bevelled face 14d is related to the inclination of the cutting profile. The inclination of the face 14g is related to the inclination of the sliding profile and to the bevelled face 14d. Each face 14g, 14d then extends according to a plane of inclination of its own.

According to yet another particularity, each cutting element has a retention face with a retention profile 15 oriented in the direction of displacement during the extraction of the sample, which protrudes from the inner surface of the tube portions 40. retention profile 15 is for example beveled. The retention profile 15 is such that the height of the cutting element increases radially towards the axis of rotation and towards the distal end of the receiving zone. According to a particular embodiment and with reference to Figure 2d, the retention profile 15 comprises a bevelled face 15g and a bevelled face 15d. The inclination of the bevelled face 15d is related to the inclination of the cutting profile. The inclination of the face 15g is related to the inclination of the sliding profile and the bevelled face 15d. Each face 15g, 15d then extends according to a respective inclination plane.

Preferably, by combining these two features, the retention profile 15 has in particular a profile arranged to exert on the sample an axial force greater than the insertion profile 14. An element is obtained which has an asymmetric profile in insertion". During the extraction movement illustrated in FIG. 6, the retention profile 15 keeps the sample 100 in the reception zone 4.

The method for extracting a drill sample will now be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 3a to 6.

Figure 1 shows the extraction tool 1 positioned in front of a wall 90 substantially axially aligned with the sample 100 to be taken. Prior to taking the sample 100, a material removal, forming an annular cutout 91, was made in the wall 90 to be analyzed, using a coring apparatus, so as to form a kerf an annular cavity defining a cylindrical sample sinking into the thickness of the wall. It can be used for example a boring device, for example a drill with a reamer sleeve or a "bell" saw.

Referring to Figures 3a and 3b, the extraction tool 1 is partially introduced, in the longitudinal direction, into the annular cutout 91 of the wall 90 around the sample 100. The receiving zone 4 fits into the wall but without the ramp 5 coming into contact with the sample 100. Preferably, a distance d separating the end of the ramp facing the sample and the proximal end of the sample is at least about one centimeter. When inserting the tool 1 onto the sample 100, each portion of tube 40 deviates in a radially outward direction, the cutting elements 10 bearing on the circumference of the sample, by through the working ends 11. The tube portions 40 thus undergo an elastic bending deformation so as to be able to deviate radially. The insertion profile 14 of each cutting element 10 has a low grip profile which limits the friction on the sample and facilitates insertion.

Then the extraction tool is rotated (see arrow Fl in Figure 4) around the axis 2 in a cutting direction to make the cutting notch 20 around the sample 100 to take. The tube portions 40 being elastically biased toward the center of the tool, and the cutting elements 10 bearing on the sample 100, the cutting elements are approaching and the diameter of the sample decreases progressively due to the fact that 'machining. With reference to FIG. 4, the depth of the desired cutting notch 20 is reached as soon as the tube portions 40 are no longer spring-loaded or when the rotation is stopped. The cutting notch 20 thus obtained locally reduces the diameter of the sample, thus forming a weakened zone and / or a fracture primer, at least several millimeters deep, for example between 0.2 mm and 10 mm, preferably between 0, 5mm and 5mm.

According to a preferred embodiment, the extraction tool is rotated about the axis 2 before and / or during the insertion of the tool around the sample 100. For example, the extraction tool is rotated preferably at a low speed with respect to the insertion speed. This rotational speed is for example calculated to produce a circumferential feedrate less than the axial feed, of a factor of at least 2 or even at least 5, to facilitate the insertion of the tool.

According to another feature, alternatively or in combination, in particular if the cutting element 10 has a sliding profile 13 less catchy than the cutting profile, the extraction tool is rotated before or during the insertion of the tool in a direction of rotation opposite to the direction of cutting rotation. The insertion is facilitated while limiting the cutting and / or avoiding to cut the sample, which limits wear and dust emission while facilitating insertion and limiting the axial force required.

Once the sample is weakened, the extraction tool 1 is inserted even more deeply in the longitudinal direction (see FIGS. 5a to 5d). The tool is inserted (see arrow F2 in FIGS. 5b and 5d) until the ramp 5 presses radially on the proximal end of the sample (arrow F3). The cutting elements 10 are then out of the cutting notch 20 and bear on the circumference of the portion of the sample which has remained fixed to the wall at the bottom of the annular cutout, and the tube portions 40 are again in flexion. With reference to FIG. 5b, the extraction tool 1 is inserted deeper into the annular cavity until the lateral force (arrow F3) exerted by the ramp 5 on the sample is sufficient to break the sample. The ramp 5 exerts a lateral force creating a bending moment on the sample 100, which then breaks at the notch 20 as illustrated in Figures 5c and 5d. FIG. 5c shows in particular a zoom of the extraction tool 1 showing the ramp 5 supported on the proximal end of the sample 100 through an enlarged empty space 42. The sample 100 is substantially inclined with respect to the portions of tube 40 due to the rupture of the sample by bending (see in particular Figure 5d). The sample 100 separated from the wall then rests inside the reception zone 4 of the tool 1.

According to another feature, in combination, the extraction tool is rotated after having made the cutting notch to facilitate removal of the cutting elements from the cutting notch, when it is desired to insert more deeply tool in the longitudinal direction to obtain the break. The extraction tool is preferably rotated in the direction of rotation opposite to the cutting direction.

Alternatively, the tool can also be inserted deeper without rotation.

Then, as illustrated in FIG. 6, the extraction tool 1 is removed from the annular cutout 91 and thus extracts the sample 100 from the wall 90 (see arrow F4). According to a preferred embodiment, the retention faces 15 of the cutting elements 10 make it possible to better retain the sample 100 in the longitudinal direction in the reception zone 4.

As can be understood, the succession of these maneuvers: insertion, rotation, axial support, and axial withdrawal of the tool thus make it possible to take the sample 100 from the wall 90 without an operator having to come into contact with said sample, which the latter is oriented horizontally or vertically.

It is also envisaged, with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8, motorized systems comprising or arranged for carrying and driving the extraction tool 1. With reference to FIG. 7, there is provided a portable tool 200 motorized in rotation, portable drill type, comprising the extraction tool 1 for carrying out the extraction of the sample. As can be understood, even when used with a hand-held portable drill, the tool allows for greater efficiency and limits operator exposure by avoiding contact with and away from the sample. This drill can also be fixed on a stable support, or be replaced by a static machine having a rotating pin, for example horizontal or vertical. With reference to FIG. 8, there is also provided a system 300 motorized in rotation and in translation such as a robot, for example of the autonomous robot type controlled remotely. This system is illustrated here with a robotic arm 301 multiaxis, which carries and actuates the extraction tool 1 to perform the extraction of the sample.

Of course, the invention is not limited to the examples that have just been described and many adjustments can be made to these examples without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

claims Drill sample extraction tool (1), typically of a pre-cut cylindrical sample (100), having: - an elongated shape extending about an axis of rotation (2), - at one end proximal, a gripping zone (3) of the tool extending longitudinally, - a tubular sample reception zone (4) extending: longitudinally, between the gripping zone (3) and an end distal to the tool, and O circumferentially around the axis of rotation (2) to form a cylindrical housing sized to receive the sample (100), - a ramp (5) placed inside the receiving zone (4) on a local part of the circumference and extending inside the receiving zone (4), the height of the ramp increasing radially towards the axis of rotation (2) and towards the zone of gripping device (3), characterized in that it comprises one or more cutting elements (10) placed on the side at the distal end, and which have a working end (11) extending radially in the receiving zone (3) towards the axis of rotation (2) so as to produce a cutting notch (20) around of the sample (100), when the tool is rotated, producing a local embrittlement of the sample in that the radial distance between the axis of rotation (2) of the tool and the working end (11) of each cutting element (10) is smaller than the radius of the sample to be taken, and in that the receiving zone (4) comprises elastic return elements (40) which act on the radial position of the elements cutting device (10) to allow said cutting elements: - to move outward while still resting on the surface of the sample when the reception zone (4) is inserted around the sample ( 100), - to perform the cutting by removal of material under the effect of said support, when the outi l is rotated. 2. extraction tool (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of cutting elements (10) angularly distributed about the axis of rotation (2) and which are actuated by elastic return elements (40) different. Extraction tool (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the receiving zone (4) comprises a tubular wall which circumferentially extends discontinuously around the receiving zone (4) so that said wall comprises at least two longitudinally extending petal-forming tube portions (40) separated by voids (41), said petals joining on the side of the grip zone (3). 4. extraction tool (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one cutting element (10) has both: - a cutting profile (12) in a circumferential cutting direction, corresponding to a cutting rotation direction used to make the cutting notch (20), - a sliding profile (13) in a circumferential direction of sliding corresponding to a direction of rotation opposite to the direction of cutting rotation. 5. Extraction tool (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one cutting element (10) has, in the axial direction, an insertion face with an insertion profile (14) oriented in the direction of movement when inserting the tool around the sample (100), a retention face with a retention profile (15) oriented in the direction of movement during the extraction of the sample , and in that the retention profile (15) has a profile arranged to exert on the sample (100) an axial force greater than the insertion profile (14). 6. extraction tool (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the ramp (5) is spaced longitudinally from the cutting elements (10) to the gripping zone (3) by a distance greater than the length of the the sample to be taken. 7. Motorized system (200, 300) comprising at least one extraction tool (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims motorized in rotation and in translation. 8. A method of extracting a drill sample comprising the following steps: the sample is formed by cutting in a wall to be sampled, using a coring apparatus to form an annular cavity around a cylindrical sample (100), - an extraction tool (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6 is inserted into the annular cavity, around the sample (100), and without contact of the ramp (5) with the sample (100), - the extraction tool (1) is rotated in a cutting direction to make a cutting notch (20) around the sample (100) to be taken, thereby forming a zone brittle fracture, - the extraction tool (1) is inserted more deeply in the longitudinal direction until the ramp (5) presses radially on the proximal end of the sample so as to cause a rupture of the sample by flexion. 9. Extraction method according to claim 8, characterized in that the extraction tool (1) is rotated before or during insertion of the tool. 10. Extraction method according to claim 9, characterized in that the extraction tool (1) is rotated before or during the insertion of the tool in a direction of rotation opposite to the cutting direction of rotation .