FR3041460A1 - SYSTEM FOR DETECTING INTRUSION IN A PLACE - Google Patents

Abstract

Intrusion detection system in a place, characterized in that it comprises a processing unit (2), at least one RFID tag reader (5) associated with an RFID tag (4), the tag reader being able to transmit a signal to the tag associated with it and to receive a response, the RFID tag having a nominal position relative to the reader and at least one other position, the RFID tag being able to send a response to the when it is in its nominal position and no response otherwise, an Ethernet network (1) in a loop capable of connecting the processing unit and the tag reader, the tag reader being able to transmit a message to the user. treatment unit if it does not receive a response from the label.

Description

INTRUSION DETECTION SYSTEM IN A PLACE DESCRIPTION

TECHNICAL AREA

The present invention generally relates to intrusion detection in a place.

STATE OF THE PRIOR ART

Perimeter or internal surveillance of premises, such as industrial, commercial or domestic premises, is increasingly used to respond to the increase in intrusion attempts. On a sensitive site, the intrusion detection must be robust and ensure a good reliability of detection, a permanence of service and a near impossibility of frauds, even by specialists informed.

Today, commonly used technologies are based on analog and binary perimetric detection; the issue to be monitored is open or closed. Generally, an intrusion sensor is an electrical contact operated either by a magnetic device (magnet) or by a mechanical contact. Each intrusion sensor is connected to a central processing unit by electrical cables.

Traditional sensors require a high degree of alignment accuracy, subject to severe environmental conditions such as changes in temperature or vibration on the exits to be monitored, for example.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The invention aims to solve the problems of the prior art by providing an intrusion detection system in a place, characterized in that it comprises

A treatment unit,

At least one RFID tag reader associated with an RFID tag, the tag reader being able to transmit a signal to the tag associated with it and to receive a response, the RFID tag having a nominal position relative to the reader and at least one other position, the RFID tag being able to send a response to the reader when it is in its nominal position and no response otherwise,

A loop Ethernet network capable of connecting the processing unit and the tag reader, the tag reader being able to transmit a message to the processing unit if it does not receive a response from the tag.

The advantages of the present intrusion detection solution are greater operational reliability, simple implementation and the possibility of adding ancillary functions.

The topology of the loop network allows the connection of sensors on the periphery of a building, which ensures a continuity of operation, even in case of breakage of the media constituting the loop thanks to the self healing function of the Ethernet network.

An RFID sensor is less sensitive to the surface of the transmitted waves and therefore requires less alignment accuracy than traditional sensors.

In addition, an RFID sensor is simple to implement.

Similarly, a loop network is simple to equip in a building.

According to a preferred feature, the intrusion detection system in a place further comprises at least one other sensor performing a function related to the intrusion detection and / or at least one actuator.

It can be a video camera or a vibration sensor for example.

According to a preferred characteristic, the network provides the low voltage power supply of at least one tag reader. Thus the operation of the player does not depend on another source of energy. The drive is powered as long as the network is operating normally and can not be shut down due to a power failure that is not related to a network fault.

According to a preferred characteristic, the Ethernet network is of the switched type.

According to a preferred characteristic, at least one tag reader comprises a local processing unit. Thus functions such as self-diagnosis can be implemented in the tag reader.

According to a preferred feature, at least one tag reader is disposed in a metal case.

The design of labels and readers to receive and emit electromagnetic signals takes into account the metallic environment of the openings. The supports of these labels and readers are packaged in metal housings allowing shielding (Faraday cage) of the signal, so that the electromagnetic radiation is as low as possible outside the device.

According to a preferred characteristic, the label is passive.

According to a preferred characteristic, the label is personalized by an identifier.

The customization of the labels at the level of each sensor makes the trapping of the system very complex.

According to a preferred feature, the intrusion detection system in a place also comprises a supervisor station. The invention also relates to an intrusion detection method in a place, characterized in that it comprises steps of: transmitting a signal from an RFID tag reader to an RFID tag associated therewith, receiving or lack of reception by the RFID tag reader of a response transmitted by the RFID tag, the RFID tag having a nominal position relative to the reader and at least one other position, the RFID tag being able to send an answer to the reader when in its nominal position and no response otherwise, transmission by the RFID tag reader of a message to a processing unit if the tag reader does not receive a response from the tag, via a Ethernet loop network capable of connecting the processing unit and the tag reader.

The process has advantages similar to those previously presented.

In a particular embodiment, the steps of the method according to the invention are implemented by computer program instructions.

Consequently, the invention also relates to a computer program on an information medium, this program being capable of being implemented in a computer, this program comprising instructions adapted to the implementation of the steps of a process as described above.

This program can use any programming language, and be in the form of source code, object code, or intermediate code between source code and object code, such as in a partially compiled form, or in any other form desirable shape. The invention also relates to a computer readable information medium, and comprising computer program instructions suitable for implementing the steps of a method as described above.

The information carrier may be any entity or device capable of storing the program. For example, the medium may comprise storage means, such as a ROM, for example a CD ROM or a microelectronic circuit ROM, or a magnetic recording means, for example a diskette or a hard disk. On the other hand, the information medium may be a transmissible medium such as an electrical or optical signal, which may be conveyed via an electrical or optical cable, by radio or by other means. The program according to the invention can be downloaded in particular on an Internet type network.

Alternatively, the information carrier may be an integrated circuit in which the program is incorporated, the circuit being adapted to execute or to be used in the execution of the method according to the invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Other characteristics and advantages will appear on reading the following description of a preferred embodiment, given by way of non-limiting example, described with reference to the figures in which:

FIG. 1 represents an embodiment of an intrusion detection system according to the present invention,

FIG. 2 represents an embodiment of an RFID sensor used in the intrusion detection system according to the present invention,

Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of an intrusion detection method according to the present invention.

DETAILED PRESENTATION OF PARTICULAR EMBODIMENTS

According to a preferred embodiment represented in FIG. 1, the intrusion detection system in a place comprises an Ethernet network (IEEE.802.3 standard) in loop 1. The network travels the perimeter of the place in question which is for example a building.

The topology of the wired loop network ensures a permanence of the transmission function. Indeed, a possible rupture of the cable on a segment of the network does not necessarily affect access to all equipment connected to the loop (self healing principle).

A central processing unit 2 and a supervisor station 3 are connected to the network 1.

RFID sensors each comprise an RFID tag 41, 42 and 43 respectively associated with a tag reader 51, 52 and 53. Three sensors have been shown by way of example, but of course the number of sensors may be different.

Each tag reader 51, 52 and 53 includes a local processing unit and is connected to the network 1. Each tag reader 51, 52 and 53 has an interface for managing the Ethernet protocol. Alternatively, the local processing unit of a tag reader may be replaced by a remote processing unit, or associated with a remote processing unit. Other sensors performing functions related to the detection are also connected to the network 1. It may be for example a video camera 6 or vibration sensors 7. It is still possible to connect actuators, for example opening command, to the network 1.

The network 1 ensures the transmission of data between the elements connected to the network. It also provides low voltage power supply for elements such as RFID reader, other sensors and actuators.

The physical support of the network 1 consists of coaxial cable, on which an auxiliary power supply function of the sensors is implanted by electrical wires. The communication is carried out according to the communication protocol CSMA / CD (Carrier Multiple Access Sense with Collision Detect). This is a protocol for the dialogue of connected equipment with carrier monitoring and collision detection. The information transmitted on this network is: configuration data, interrogation, diagnostic trigger, transmitted from the central processing unit to the sensors, response data, state change (alarms), information generated by the ancillary functions (video, ...), self-test result, for example, from the sensors to the central processing.

Preferably, the Ethernet network is switched rather than shared. It integrates switches. This technology has advantages: the distances can be greater, the bandwidth and therefore the rates are increased, heterogeneous stations in performance can coexist on the network.

The bit rate, for example greater than 10 MBbps - 106 bits / s, commonly obtained for this type of switched Ethernet network allows the transfer of a large amount of information.

The Ethernet network may also include repeaters and hubs that will not be described here.

Figure 2 shows an embodiment of an RFID sensor. It is a non-contact detection device. The sensor comprises a label 4 fixed on the flap of an opening, for example a door, and a label reader 5 fixed on the frame of this door. If a door has several doors, each of them is equipped with a sensor.

The tag reader 5 is connected to the network 1 which allows it to be electrically powered and to exchange data with the central processing unit 2. The tag reader 5 comprises a local processing unit and an antenna to generate an electromagnetic field to the label 4 and receive a response from the tag. The reader and the tag are arranged close to each other to provide bidirectional data transfer between the tag 4 and the tag reader 5.

Thanks to its local processing unit, the reader can include a self-diagnostic function to check the correct operation of the sensor. A possible failure is thus highlighted and can be reported to the central processing unit, which simplifies the maintenance of the installation.

The reader 5 is disposed in a metal case for attachment to the frame of the door. The use of a metal case makes it possible to avoid the interaction between different devices that may be in the vicinity and also to guarantee the inviolability of the reader. The goal is to limit the trajectory of the electromagnetic field between reader and label. The label 4 is preferably passive, which means that it is electrically powered by the electromagnetic field it receives from the reader. The label has no other power source. Of course, it is possible to use active tags that require battery power. The label 4 is preferably encapsulated in a housing for attachment to the leaf. The label has an antenna to receive the electromagnetic field emitted by the reader. The tag also includes a microprocessor and a memory for processing the received signal via the antenna.

The size of the labels is very variable and depends on the applications. It depends mainly on the capacity of the processor and the size of the antenna which itself depends on the frequency used and the detection distance. For example, the distance between the reader and the label is of the order of a few centimeters and low frequencies (125 or 135 kHz) or high frequencies (13.56 MHz) are used. The label 4 is personalized by an identifier in the form of a digital code present in its internal memory. This unique code can either be parameterized during manufacture or generated during the configuration of the system by the central processing unit. In a variant, the label is dynamically personalized, that is to say it periodically receives from the central processing unit an identifier that changes randomly. This variant makes fraud almost impossible.

Figure 3 shows the operation of the intrusion detection system in a place, according to an embodiment of the invention. This operation is represented in the form of a flowchart comprising steps E1 to E6. This operation is described for an RFID sensor, but it is repeated for all sensors in the system. Step E1 is the transmission by the reader 5 of an electromagnetic signal to the associated label 4 to allow its power supply.

If the leaf of the door is in the nominal position, that is to say generally in the closed position, the label 4 is aligned on the reader 5 and receives the electromagnetic signal. The next step is then the step E2 at which the label sends the reader a response containing its digital code. The next step E3 is the reception of the response of the label 4 by the reader 5. This then determines that the door is closed. Step E3 is followed by step E4 which is described below.

If the flap of the opening is not in the nominal position, the label is not aligned with the reader and does not receive the electromagnetic signal. In this case, no response reaches the reader 5. The step E1 is then followed by the step E4 which is a test to determine if the reader 5 has received the response of the label 4.

If the answer is positive, step E4 is followed by step E1. The interrogation of tag 4 is carried out periodically.

If the answer is negative in step E4, this step is also followed by step E1. It is then further followed by step E5 to which a message is sent by reader 5 to the central processing unit. 2. This message comprises a non-response response information of the label 4. In the next step E6, the central unit 2 generates an alarm, for example to the supervisor station 3.

Preferably, the central processing unit 2 is associated with a memory for storing the history of reception of information messages of non-reception of response of the label.

In addition, the central unit can be associated with other means such as video camera which it triggers the operation on receipt of a message of non-response response information of the label.

Claims (12)

1. Intrusion detection system in a place, characterized in that it comprises a processing unit (2), at least one RFID tag reader (5, 51, 52, 53) associated with an RFID tag ( 4, 41, 42, 43), the tag reader being adapted to transmit a signal to the tag associated with it and to receive a response, the RFID tag having a nominal position relative to the reader and at least one another position, the RFID tag being adapted to send a response to the reader when it is in its nominal position and no response otherwise a loop Ethernet network (1) able to connect the processing unit and the tag reader , the tag reader being able to transmit a message to the processing unit if it does not receive a response from the tag. 2. intrusion detection system in a place according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises at least one other sensor (6, 7) performing a function related to intrusion detection and / or at least an actuator. 3. intrusion detection system in a place according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the network provides low voltage power supply of the at least one tag reader. 4. intrusion detection system in a place according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the Ethernet network is switched type. The intrusion detection system in a location according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the at least one tag reader comprises a local processing unit. 6. Intrusion detection system in a place according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the at least one label reader is disposed in a metal housing. 7. Intrusion detection system in a place according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the tag is passive. 8. Intrusion detection system in a place according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the label is personalized by an identifier. 9. intrusion detection system in a place according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it further comprises a supervisor station (3). 10. Intrusion detection method in a place, characterized in that it comprises steps of: transmitting (E1) a signal from an RFID tag reader to an RFID tag associated therewith, receiving (E3 ) or lack of reception by the RFID tag reader of a response issued by the RFID tag, the RFID tag having a nominal position relative to the reader and at least one other position, the RFID tag being able to send a response to the reader when in its nominal position and no response otherwise, - transmission (E5) by the RFID tag reader of a message to a processing unit if the tag reader does not receive a response from the tag, via a loop Ethernet network capable of connecting the processing unit and the tag reader. A computer program comprising instructions for performing the steps of the method of claim 10 when said program is executed by a computer. 12. A computer-readable recording medium on which is recorded a computer program comprising instructions for performing the steps of the method according to claim 10.