FR3023443A1 - HEATING SYSTEM, HEATING EQUIPMENT, TECHNICAL WEB, AND METHOD OF IMPLEMENTING THE SAME - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a heating system (10), adapted to equip equipment for heating, characterized in that the heating system (10) comprises layers of materials (40, 50, 70, 90) arranged in a hollow housing (12). ) provided with electrical connectors (14, 16), said material layers (40, 50, 70, 90) including at least: a magnetic poly-mineral layer (40), for example of volcanic origin; a metal layer (50), for example stainless steel, aluminum alloy or copper alloy; a carbonate mineral layer (70), for example calcium carbonate; and an inductive layer (90), for example a winding of wires, such as Litz wires; and in that an electric current applied to the electrical connectors (14, 16) causes a progressive heating of the metal layer (50), then the magnetic poly-mineral layer (40), the carbonated mineral layer (70). and the case (12). The invention also relates to a heating equipment and a technical fabric comprising at least one such heating system (10), as well as a method of implementing such a heating system (10).

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD AND METHOD FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a heating system. The invention also relates to equipment for heating, comprising at least one such heating system. The invention also relates to a technical fabric, comprising at least one such heating system. The invention finally relates to a method of implementing such a heating system. The field of the invention is that of heating systems, intended to be integrated with equipment to be heated, for example a seat, a wall canvas, a wetsuit or a ski glove. In this field, it is known gloves equipped with heating systems, most of which have a functioning based on the Joule effect. These systems include a resistor and a wire network, through which an electric current is passed to produce heat. The dissipation of thermal energy is fast and these systems require a large supply of electrical energy. Thus, these systems are generally powered by batteries having a large footprint. The object of the present invention is to provide an improved heating system, using a different technology from existing technologies. For this purpose, the subject of the invention is a heating system, adapted to equip equipment for heating, characterized in that the heating system comprises layers of materials arranged in a hollow box provided with electrical connectors, these layers of materials including least: a layer of magnetic poly-mineral, for example of volcanic origin; a metal layer, for example made of stainless steel, aluminum alloy or copper alloy; a layer of carbonate mineral, for example calcium carbonate; an inductive layer, for example a winding of wires, such as Litz wires; and in that an electric current applied to the electrical connectors causes progressive heating of the metal layer, then the magnetic poly-mineral layer, the carbonate mineral layer and the housing. Thus, the invention makes it possible to produce an efficient, compact, reliable, ecological and versatile heating system. The system implements the eddy currents and the Fourier law in addition to the Joule effect, so that the efficiency of the system is improved. The system has a small footprint and can be miniaturized if necessary.

The layers of magnetic poly-mineral and carbonated mineral can be formed from compounds available in nature and having a high thermal inertia. The system can be easily adapted to a large number of applications and uses. According to other advantageous features of the heating system according to the invention, taken separately or in combination: the system comprises a layer of ferromagnetic material, for example ferrite, placed against the magnetic poly-mineral layer, on the opposite side to the metal layer. - The system comprises an adhesive layer, either interposed between the metal layer and the carbonated mineral layer, or amalgamated with the carbonate mineral layer. - The system comprises an insulating layer, for example ceramic, ceramic matrix composite, silicon, resin or varnish, interposed between the carbonated mineral layer and the inductive layer. - The metal layer comprises perforations. - The case includes a metal body and a ceramic lid. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the heating system comprises: a layer of central ferromagnetic material; two layers of magnetic poly-mineral disposed on either side of the layer of ferromagnetic material; two metal layers, arranged on either side of the magnetic polymineral layers, on the opposite side to the layer of ferromagnetic material; two adhesive layers, arranged on both sides of the metal layers, on the opposite side to the magnetic poly-mineral layers; two layers of carbonated mineral, disposed on both sides of the adhesive layers, on the opposite side to the metal layers; two insulating layers, arranged on either side of the carbonate mineral layers, on the opposite side to the adhesive layers; and two inductive layers, disposed on either side of the insulating layers, on the opposite side to the carbonate mineral layers; and an electric current applied to the electrical connectors causes progressive heating of the metal layer, then the layer of ferromagnetic material, the magnetic poly-mineral layer, the carbonate mineral layer and the housing.

The invention also relates to equipment for heating, comprising at least one heating system as mentioned above. By "equipment" is meant any device or object likely to integrate the heating system. According to a particular embodiment, the equipment comprises several heating systems, arranged so as to be able to heat together a surface and / or an extended volume. Preferably, the heating systems have the same construction, which simplifies and reduces their manufacturing cost. Alternatively, the heating systems may have different shapes and sizes. The heating systems are positioned in or on the equipment in an arrangement adapted to the intended application. The invention also relates to a technical fabric, comprising at least one support layer and at least one heating system as mentioned above, disposed on the support layer. According to other advantageous features of the technical fabric of the invention, taken separately or in combination: - The heating system is rigidly attached to the support layer, for example by gluing or welding. The technical fabric comprises a lower support layer and an upper support layer, between which the heating system is interposed. - The technical fabric includes several heating systems. - The heating systems are regularly distributed on the support layer, especially in columns and / or in rows having regular spacings. - The heating systems are distributed in a predetermined arrangement, adapted to the intended application. - The heating systems are connected by conductive electrical son, especially along the lines and / or columns. The invention also relates to a method of implementing a heating system as mentioned above, integrated with equipment to be heated. The implementation method comprises an initial step of applying an electrical pulse to the electrical connectors of the heating system, at a voltage that depends on the equipment to be heated, for example at a voltage equal to the nominal voltage of the electrical network (230 Volts in Europe) or at a voltage below 7 volts, and for a time interval of less than 1 minute, for example 20 to 40 seconds, to activate the heating system. According to other advantageous features of the process according to the invention, The invention, taken alone or in combination: - In the initial step, several heating systems integrated into the equipment to be heated are activated simultaneously. - During the initial step, several heating systems integrated into the equipment to be heated are activated sequentially. - In the case where the heating system is integrated in an individual equipment, that is to say intended to be worn by an individual, the pulse is preferably applied to the connectors for 20 to 40 seconds at a voltage less than 7. volts. - In the case where the system is integrated with a domestic equipment, the pulse is preferably applied to the connectors for 20 to 40 seconds at the nominal voltage of the electrical network, for example a voltage equal to 230 Volts in Europe. The method comprises at least one subsequent step of applying a new electrical pulse to the electrical connectors of the heating system. Each new pulse is provided to keep the heating system at a temperature suitable for the intended application. Preferably, each pulse is applied during a time interval of less than one minute, for example equal to forty seconds. Also preferably, each pulse is separated from the previous pulse by an interval of at least one minute. - The external temperature of the heating system is monitored continuously during the operation of the heating system, including determining when to apply a new electrical pulse to the electrical connectors of the heating system. The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows, given solely by way of nonlimiting example and with reference to the appended drawings in which: FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a technical fabric in accordance with FIG. the invention, comprising a support layer and several heating systems also according to the invention; Figure 2 is an enlarged view of Detail II in Figure 1; Figure 3 is an elevational view along the arrow III in Figure 2, showing a single heating system; Figure 4 is a section of the heating system along line IV-IV in Figure 3; Figure 5 is an enlarged view of detail V in Figure 4; Figure 6 is a perspective view of the heating system of Figure 4; Figures 7 and 8 are graphs illustrating the operation of the heating system subjected to an activation potential of 3 volts; Figures 9 and 10 are graphs illustrating the operation of the heating system subjected to an activation potential of 5 volts; and Figure 11 is a perspective view similar to Figure 6, showing a second embodiment of a heating system according to the invention.

In Figures 1 and 2 is shown a technical fabric 1 according to the invention, provided with several heating systems 10 also in accordance with the invention. The fabric 1 comprises a support layer 2 on which the systems 10 are arranged. More specifically, the systems 10 are regularly distributed on one and the same face 4 of the support layer 2, along several lines 5 and several columns 6, preferably with a spacing The systems 10 are, for example, bonded to the face 4 of the layer 2. The systems 10 are connected by conducting electrical wires 8, forming a connection network through the wire 1. Alternatively, the systems 10 may be connected by any type of conductive elements 8, such as conductive optical fibers or a printed circuit network, preferably of copper, comparable to an electronic circuit. The fabric 1 may also comprise an upper support layer 3, partially shown in FIG. 1, so that the systems 10 are interposed between the lower support layer 2 and the upper support layer 3. The systems 10 are for example glued between the layers 2 and 3.

The fabric 1 can be marketed with a large number of heating systems 10, then cut in a simple and practical manner depending on the intended application, to integrate one or more systems 10 equipment. The network of conductive elements 8 is arranged so that, regardless of the cut fabric size 1, the electrical connection can be made without risk after cutting.

The material of the layer 2 may be chosen according to the intended application, for example according to whether the systems 10 are intended to be integrated into a diving suit, or to a winter sports or hiking clothing. By way of non-limiting example, the layer 2 can be made of laminated tri-material, Gore-Tex, Softschell (registered trademarks), etc. In the case where the fabric 1 comprises an upper layer 3, the latter is preferably made of the same material as the lower layer 2. The fabric 1 may be equipped with a safety device, not shown for purposes of simplification, adapted to prevent activation and heating of the systems 10, and thus avoid accidents when handling, transporting or storing the fabric 1. The fabric is equipped with a temperature control system.

The system 10 comprises a housing 12 and two connectors 14 and 16. The housing 12 has a parallelepipedal shape. The housing 12 comprises a hollow body 20 and a flat lid 26. The body 20 has a flat bottom 22 and four flat side walls 24. The cover 26 can rest on the walls 24 to close the body 20. The body 20 is metal preferably nickel / chrome stainless steel. The lid 26 may be made of metal, of a high thermal resistance elastic material, of ceramic or ceramic matrix composite, and preferably of black ceramic, including, for example, zirconium and binding agents. In the example of Figures 4 to 6, the housing 12 has a height of 275 microns, a width of 5 mm and a length of 5 mm, a volume of the order of 8.7 mm3. The bottom 22, the walls 24 and the cover 26 each have a thickness of 10 μm. Depending on the intended application, the housing 12 may have different dimensions, as well as shapes and various aspects. The system 10 comprises several distinct layers 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80 and 90 disposed in the housing 12. More specifically, the layers 30-90 are superimposed in the housing 12, in contact with each other. The layers 30-90 may comprise several sub-layers, as is the case for the layers 40 and 70 in the example of FIGS. 4 to 6. Each layer 30-90 extends in a plane parallel to one another. the planes of the other layers and, secondly, the bottom 22 and the cover 26 of the housing 12. The layers 30, 40 and 70 can be deposited in the housing 12 in the form of powder, microscopic or nanoscopic size. The layers 30, 40 and 70 may consist of grains, that is to say be in granular form. The size of the grains may be adapted to the intended application and the compactness sought for the system 10. As non-limiting examples, when the system 10 is intended to equip a mechanical lift seat, the crystals may have a diameter average of the order of 500 to 700 microns, while when the system 10 is intended to equip a winter sports glove, the grains may have an average diameter of the order of 10 to 30 microns. The foregoing orders of magnitude are given with reference to a mean diameter, it being understood that the crystals may have various shapes, generally other than a spherical shape. In addition, within the same system 10 and the same layer 30, 40 or 70, a certain dispersion of the size of the grains is possible.

The central layer 30 is made of ferromagnetic material, preferably ferrite. The ferrite is composed of Fe203X0 iron oxide, with X chosen for example from the following compounds: manganese, zinc, cobalt or nickel. In the example of FIGS. 4 to 6, the layer 30 comprises grains 32 of ferrite represented schematically in the form of spheres having a diameter of the order of 15 μm. Layer 30 promotes electromagnetic induction in system 10 and increases the value of induction.

Each layer 40 is made of a magnetic poly-mineral material, for example a natural material of volcanic origin. Preferably, the layer 40 comprises poly-mineral rocks of plutonic origin, composed of plagioclase, pyroxene, amphibole and olivine. According to a particular example, the rock constituting the layer 40 has the chemical formula (Mg, Fe) 2 (SiO), (Mg, Fe) 7 (SiO 3) 2, (Mg, Fe) 2 (Si8022) (OH, F) 2, with rare earths in traces. In the example of FIGS. 4 to 6, the layer 40 comprises grains 42 and 44 schematically represented in the form of spheres, with the grains 42 having a diameter of the order of 10 μm and the grains 44 having a diameter of In the order of 20, again in the example of FIGS. 4 to 6, the grains 42 and 44 form two distinct sub-layers. Alternatively, the layer 40 may be monolayer or have more than two distinct sublayers. According to a particular variant, the grains 42 and 44 may be mixed within the layer 40. The layers 30 and 40 are preferably laid one on the other, and not glued to each other. Each layer 50 is made of metal, for example nickel / chrome stainless steel.

Alternatively, the metal layer 50 may be of aluminum alloy, copper, silver or gold. The crystals 44 are preferably bonded to the layer 50. Each layer 60 is made of adhesive or binder material, for example thermal paste or silicone. The layer 60 is deposited by spraying on the layer 50. The adhesive layer 60 may also be called a binder or binder layer. The layer 60 makes it possible to fix the layer 70 to the layer 50. In addition, the layer 60 facilitates the heat transfer. between layers 50 and 70. Each layer 70 is made of carbonated mineral, for example calcium carbonate. Calcium carbonate is a sand of coral origin, having the chemical formula CaCO3. In the example of FIGS. 4 to 6, the layer 70 comprises grains 72 and 74 of calcium carbonate represented schematically in the form of spheres, with the crystals 72 which have a diameter of the order of 20 μm and the crystals 74 which have a diameter of the order of 10 lm. Still in the example of FIGS. 4 to 6, the grains 72 and 74 form two distinct sub-layers. Alternatively, the layer 70 may be monolayer or have more than two distinct sublayers. According to a particular variant, the grains 72 and 74 can be mixed within the layer 70. Each layer 80 is made of insulating material, preferably ceramic. Alternatively, the layer 80 may be silicon, resin or varnish. The insulating layers 80 are intended to eliminate the risk of a short-circuit in the system 10. Each layer 90 is an inductor, for example formed by a winding of electrical wires 92, such as Litz wires in the form of copper wires. sheathed. In other words, the winding of electrical wires 92 constitutes a solenoid. Each wire 92 comprises at least one copper strand 94, preferably at least four copper strands 94, embedded in a sheath 96 of insulating resin, or ceramic matrix composite material (CMC), or simply varnished. Alternatively, the inductive layer 90 may be formed by any means suitable for the intended application, for example by using a toroidal inductor, a chemical deposit or a CMOS or BiCMOS technology (respectively "Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor" and "Bipolar"). -CMOS "in English). In the preferred embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the system 10 has an almost symmetrical configuration with respect to a median horizontal plane defined at the level of the central layer 30. In this case, the system 10 comprises this layer central and then, on either side, two layers 40, two layers 50, two layers 60, two layers 70, two layers 80, and finally two layers 90 which surround the other layers 30-80. The body 12 and the connectors 14 and 16 are not symmetrical with respect to the horizontal median plane, but are symmetrical with respect to a vertical median plane. In this embodiment, the system 10 comprises a shell 51 of metal, preferably stainless steel nickel / chrome, disposed in the housing 12. The shell 51 has a parallelepiped shape for practical measurement, but can have various shapes. The shell 51 comprises a flat bottom 52, four flat side walls 54 and a flat cover 56, each formed by a flat metal plate. The cover 56 can rest on the walls 54 to close the shell 51. The walls 54 are disposed in contact with the walls 24, which facilitates heat exchange. The bottom 52 and the cover 56 are provided with perforations, respectively 53 and 57, that is to say through holes formed through the metal plates. The bottom 52 and the cover 56 form the metal layers 50. The layers 40 are preferably bonded to these layers 50, while the layer 30 is laid or projected between the layers 40. When the shell 51 is closed, the layer 30 is trapped between the layers 40. The layers 30-50 are in close physical contact, which facilitates heat exchange. Furthermore, the system 10 is configured so that insulating layers 80 surround all of the layers 30-70. In fact, in addition to the horizontally disposed layers 80, the system 10 comprises layers 80 arranged vertically, which are not visible in FIGS. 4 to 6. Also, the system 10 is configured so that the winding of electrical wires 92 surrounds the assembly. layers 30-80, being disposed in contact with the insulating layers 80. The son 92 are Litz son, which can fight against the skin effect and thus limit the loss of thermal energy of the system 10. A thin layer of clay can be projected on the outside of the winding of electrical wires 92 for its insulation, before its positioning in the housing 12. The connectors 14 and 16 are each connected to one end of the winding of electrical wires 92. A layer of insulating resin, not shown for simplification purposes, is preferably disposed between the housing 20 and the connectors 14 and 16. In practice, the system 10 uses electromagnetic induction together, in particular the eddy currents, and the thermal conduction, defined by the Fourier law. The method of implementing the system 10 is detailed below. The method comprises an initial step of applying an electric potential to the electrical connectors 14 and 16, in order to activate the system 10. Unlike systems requiring a continuous supply, in the context of the invention, an electric current can be applied to the connectors 14 and 16 for a limited time, in the form of a short-duration electrical pulse, preferably during a time interval of less than 1 minute, for example from 20 to 40 seconds.

In addition, this activation electric current has a low power. The electrical potential applied to the connectors 14 and 16 depends on the intended application. When the system 10 is integrated with an individual device, this potential is preferably less than 7 volts, for example of the order of 3 or 5 volts. When the system 10 is integrated with domestic equipment, this potential is preferably equal to the nominal voltage of the electrical network, for example 230 volts in Europe. The electric current is diffused throughout the system 10 by exciting its constituent materials, so as to transform the electrical energy into thermal energy. In particular, the electric current diffuses from the connectors 14 and 16 through the inductive layer 90, to the metal shell 51, through the body 20 of the housing 12, then to the layers 30 and 40 disposed in the shell 51. The method includes a first phase, wherein an electromagnetic induction phenomenon occurs within the system 10, specifically in the 30-50 layers. The magnetic field generates a strong electric current in the metal elements of the system 10. The magnetic field creates induced currents, namely eddy currents, which will circulate in layers 30-50 and cause Joule heat generation. Within the layer 30, the randomly arranged grains 32 come into resonance and produce heat, while moving between the layers 40 which will also accumulate heat. At the same time, grains 42, 44 and hull 51 also heat. At the heart of the system 10, in addition to the physical phenomenon of heat transfer, a large amount of heat is produced by the constituent elements of the layers 30 and 40.

The method comprises a second phase, in which a heat transfer phenomenon occurs within the system 10, more precisely from the layers 30-50 to the layers 60-90 and the housing 12. The heat transfer is achieved by conduction and thermal radiation, according to Fourier's law. The perforations 53 and 57 made in the layers 50 promote this energy transfer. In this case, the second phase begins after the first phase of the process, which is triggered by the initial step. However, the first phase continues when the second phase begins. In other words, the first and second phases of the process occur in part simultaneously.

Thus, during the implementation of the system 10, the electric current applied to the electrical connectors 14 and 16 causes the heating of the metal layer 50, then the layer of ferromagnetic material 30 and the magnetic poly-mineral layer 40, then the carbonated mineral layer 70 and the housing 12. With the choice of materials, the layers 40 and 70 have a high thermal inertia. Once heated, these layers 40 and 70 store the thermal energy and restore it slowly by diffusion and radiation, while the system 10 is no longer supplied with electric current. Figures 7 and 8 show the operation of the heating system 10 subjected to an activation potential of 3 volts, while Figures 9 and 10 show the operation of the heating system 10 subjected to an activation potential of 5 volts. Figures 7 and 9 show the temperature rise of the system 10, while Figures 8 and 10 show the temperature drop of the system 10. The temperature measurement is performed using a thermal camera, or thermo-camera , positioned above the lid 26. The thermal diffusion is fast and the different parts of the housing 12 heat almost simultaneously. Graphs 7 to 10 are obtained with a single initial electrical pulse. However, when the temperature of the system 10 drops below a certain value, a new electrical pulse can be applied to the electrical connectors 14 and 16, so as to cause a new rise in temperature of the system 10. For this purpose, the External temperature of the system 10 can be monitored continuously, especially to determine when a new electrical pulse should be applied. According to the invention, the heating system 10 is intended to be integrated with equipment to be heated. As non-limiting examples, the equipment may be a diving suit; a garment ; an accessory or a winter sportswear, such as a glove, a shoe or a ski suit; lift or vehicle seats; a sleeping bag, pillow or blanket; a building cladding; a district heating system; a heating garment intended for use in the nuclear environment (ferromagnetic materials are radiation-resistant and can protect users). Other applications are possible without departing from the scope of the invention.

The equipment may comprise several systems 10, arranged so as to be able to heat together a surface and / or an extended volume. The systems 10 are connected by the conductive elements 8, forming a connection network in the equipment. In comparison with a solution which would consist in increasing the dimensions of a single system 10, the use of several systems makes it possible in particular to improve the compactness and the distribution of heat in the equipment. The equipment includes a power supply device, for example a battery, a battery or a set of batteries, or a solar or wind power supply. This power device is connected to the system 10 via the conductive elements 8 and the connectors 14 and 16. This power supply device is sized according to the equipment and the intended application, to be as compact as possible. The equipment comprises a control device adapted to control the operation of the system (s) integrated in this equipment. This control device makes it possible to control the activation and heating of the systems 10, according to the commands of the user and the operating conditions of the equipment. The control device makes it possible to trigger, or on the contrary prevent, the activation of the systems 10. The control device makes it possible to monitor and regulate the temperature rise and fall cycle of the systems 10, that is to say say the heating and cooling cycle of the systems 10. In other words, the control device jointly provides control and safety functions. The control device constitutes a user interface, while avoiding accidents during handling, transport or storage of the equipment, in particular the risk of burning for the user. The control device may be in the form of a compact housing, comprising a display screen and control elements, or comprising a touch screen, or any other variant adapted to the intended application. According to a particular variant, the control device may comprise a first part integrated in the equipment and a second part remote from the equipment. For example, this second part may comprise a screen disposed on the sleeve or on the visor of the user's helmet and operating via a computer application.

The control device can be connected to the power supply device, on the one hand, to supply power to the control device and, on the other hand, to inform the user of the charge level of the power supply device. . According to a particular embodiment, the control device and the supply device can be arranged in the same housing. In Figure 11 is shown a heating system 10 according to a second embodiment of the invention. Some constituent elements of the system 10 are similar to the first embodiment described above, and bear the same numerical references. Other constituent elements have a similar operation, but a different structure of the first embodiment, and have numerical references increased by 100. Only the differences with the first embodiment are described below for the sake of simplification. In FIG. 11, the system 10 comprises a connector 114 positioned on the cover 26 and a connector 116 positioned under the bottom 22. The connectors 114 and 116 are each connected to one end of the winding of electrical wires 92, respectively by elements of connection 115 and 117. The connectors 114 and 116 may be in the form of a thin sheet of copper. The connection elements 115 and 117 may be metal needles, through respectively the cover 26 and the bottom 22, to connect to the copper wire 94.

Furthermore, the heating system 10 may be shaped differently from Figures 1 to 6 and 11 without departing from the scope of the invention. According to particular variants, not shown: The system 10 does not include a layer 30 of ferromagnetic material. In this case, the characteristics of the electric current for operating the system 10 can be adapted accordingly. The system 10 comprises a central layer other than the layer 30. For example, the layers 30 and 40 can be interchanged. The layers 30 and 40 are mixed and not superimposed. The layer 60 is amalgamated with the carbonate mineral layer 70.

The system 10 does not include an adhesive layer 60. The system 10 does not comprise an insulating layer 80. In addition, the technical characteristics of the various embodiments and variants mentioned above may be, in whole or in part, of some of they, combined with each other. Thus, the heating system 10 can be adapted in terms of cost and performance.

Claims (10)

REVENDICATIONS1. Heating system (10), adapted to equip equipment to be heated, characterized in that the heating system (10) comprises layers of materials (40, 50, 70, 90) arranged in a hollow housing (12) provided with electrical connectors (14, 16; 114, 116), said material layers (40, 50, 70, 90) including at least: a magnetic poly-mineral layer (40), for example of volcanic origin; a metal layer (50), for example stainless steel, aluminum alloy or copper alloy; a carbonate mineral layer (70), for example calcium carbonate; and an inductive layer (90), for example a winding of wires, such as Litz wires; and in that an electric current applied to the electrical connectors (14, 16; 114, 116) causes a progressive heating of the metal layer (50), then the magnetic poly-mineral layer (40), the mineral layer carbonate (70) and the housing (12). 2. heating system (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a layer of ferromagnetic material (30), for example ferrite, disposed against the magnetic poly-mineral layer (40), the opposite side to the metal layer (50). 3. heating system (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises an adhesive layer (60), or interposed between the metal layer (50) and the carbonated mineral layer (70), or amalgamated to the carbonate mineral layer (70). 4. heating system (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises an insulating layer (80), for example ceramic, ceramic matrix composite, silicon, resin or varnish, interposed between the layer of carbonate mineral (70) and the inducing layer (90). 5. heating system (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the metal layer (50) comprises perforations (53; 57) .35 6. heating system (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing (12) comprises a body (20) of metal and a lid (26) ceramic. 7. heating system (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises: a layer of ferromagnetic material (30) central; two layers of magnetic poly-mineral (40) disposed on either side of the layer of ferromagnetic material (30); two metal layers (50), disposed on either side of the magnetic poly-mineral layers (40), on the opposite side to the layer of ferromagnetic material (30); two adhesive layers (60), disposed on either side of the metal layers (50), on the opposite side to the magnetic poly-mineral layers (40); two layers of carbonated mineral (70), disposed on either side of the adhesive layers (60), on the opposite side to the metal layers (50); two insulating layers (80), disposed on either side of the carbonate mineral layers (70), on the opposite side to the adhesive layers (60); and two inductive layers (90), disposed on either side of the insulating layers (80), on the opposite side to the carbonated mineral layers (70); and in that an electric current applied to the electrical connectors (14, 16; 114, 116) results in progressive heating of the metal layer (50), then the layer of ferromagnetic material (30), the poly-mineral layer. magnet (40), the carbonate mineral layer (70) and the housing (12). 8. Equipment for heating, comprising at least one heating system (10) according to one of claims 1 to 7. 9. Technical fabric (1), comprising at least one support layer (2; 2, 3) and at least one heating system (10) according to one of claims 1 to 7, disposed on the support layer (2; , 3). 10. A method of implementing a heating system (10) according to one of claims 1 to 7, integrated in a heating equipment, the method comprising an initial step of applying an electrical pulse to the electrical connectors (14, 16; 114, 116) of the heating system (10) at a voltage which depends on the equipment to be heated, for example equal to the nominal voltage of the electrical network or at a voltage of less than 7 volts, and during a shorter period of time. at 1 minute, for example 20 to 40 seconds.