FR3017864A1 - SALE WATER DESALINATION MODULE AND ASSOCIATED WATER ACCELERATION AND / OR PRESSURIZATION MODULE - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a desalination module (60) salt water and a module (10) for acceleration and / or associated pressurization, particularly for the implementation of compliance tests for underwater or terrestrial pipelines. The desalination module (60) according to the invention also comprises one or more reverse osmosis membranes (63) and an ejector (68) cooperating with a brackish water flow control valve (69) and means brackish water collection (66) upstream. Such desalination and / or acceleration and pressurization module may advantageously include means enabling it to move in immersion.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to modules for generating fresh water and associated modules for accelerating (that is, to ie, increasing the flow) and / or pressurizing (ie increasing the pressure) a fluid. These last modules are used to feed terrestrial or underwater pipes. In the context of underwater pipelines, they are generally known by the English name "subsea pumps" when they are used in particular to carry out a set of compliance tests for underwater pipelines (or "pipelines"). As a preferred application, we will describe modules cooperating with underwater pipelines. 15 After the laying of a pipe (or a section of pipe) and prior to its connection to a distribution network of gaseous or liquid materials, it is imperative to verify that said pipe was not damaged during its installation . It must thus be verified that the pipe does not show any leaks, that its geometry conforms to a specification (in particular no shrinkage) and that the pipe is able to withstand the internal pressure that will be exerted by the fluid conveyed as well as the hydrostatic pressure applied to the pipe according to the immersion depth thereof. The conformity tests of a pipe generally comprise a first step of filling the water pipe surrounding it: salt water, when said pipe is underwater. This is the so-called "flooding" step according to an Anglo-Saxon terminology. This first so-called "flooding" step is followed by a calibration test (or "gauging" according to English terminology). This test consists in checking the conformity of the geometry of the pipeline. One thus seeks to detect bends or pinches ("buckles" in a terminology Anglo10 Saxon) unwanted and likely to constitute bottlenecks. The conformity check of a pipe is usually completed by a pressure test (or hydrotest) to verify that the pipe does not leak and that the welds are resistant to pressure when the pipeline is pressurized beyond the nominal pressure (usually a multiplying factor of 1.25). To carry out these verifications, it is known to use a test module which we will describe as a launcher module - also called a "pig launcher" according to an English terminology. This module is positioned and connected to one end of the pipe that is to be tested. This module can already be connected to the pipe during the laying thereof or subsequently connected by immersion using a suitable connector. Such a launcher module comprises a plurality of projectiles (or "pigs" according to English terminology), the respective arrangements and configurations of which are dedicated to one of the test steps mentioned above. Such a launcher module is described in connection with FIG. 1. A launcher module 2 is thus connected to an end la of a duct 1. For the sake of simplification, the launcher module 2 comprises two substantially cylindrical projectiles whose maximum outside diameter is slightly smaller than the internal diameter of the pipe (the outer diameter of a projectile is generally of the order of 95% of the internal nominal diameter of the pipeline). Such a configuration allows the projectile to cooperate with the inner wall of the pipe, without altering it and allows it to move along said pipe. A launcher module may contain a plurality of projectiles of various types. It can even be disconnected from a pipe, reloaded into projectiles and then reconnected to said pipe if this is necessary to conduct certain checks or for curettage of a pipe. The latter is also connected to a second test module, the receiver module (called "pig receiver" in English terminology). Such a receiver module 3 connected to an underwater line 1 is described in connection with Figure 2. A receiver module has the role of receiving the projectiles at the end of their respective paths within the pipe tested. According to FIG. 2, a receiver module 3 cooperates with the pipe 1 by means of a suitable connector 3 ', like the launcher module 2. In connection with FIGS. 1 and 2, a first projectile 2A is used to the projectile 2A - present initially in the launcher module 2 - is thus arranged to drive the air present (at atmospheric pressure) into the pipe 1 during the laying thereof and to replace it with water (usually the water surrounding the pipeline) along its movement in the pipeline. The air is evacuated by means of one or more 3V offloading valves provided for this purpose on the receiver module 3. The projectile 2A is generally made of polyurethane foam or solid polyurethane. To propel the projectile 2A in the pipe 1, a first valve 2VA, connected to the launcher module 2, is actuated to supply water to said launcher module; the water is injected at the stern of the projectile 2A. By hydrostatic pressure (difference between the pressure prevailing within the pipe and the ambient pressure prevailing around it), the projectile is propelled from the end of the pipe to the distal portion 1b thereof. To complete the filling of the pipe and maintain a movement rate of the projectile 2A greater than or equal to 0.5 meters per second (thus preventing any blockage of said projectile within the pipe), it is generally necessary to use one or more pumps. high flow, low pressure. Such a PC pump is generally a centrifugal pump capable of generating a sufficient flow to propel the projectile. A second projectile 2B can be used to check the geometry of the pipeline. The configuration of this one is different from that of the projectile 2A. The projectile 2B has indeed a smaller diameter. It comprises, however, one or more collars 2BC1, 2BC2 - usually aluminum - whose diameter is substantially equal to 95% of the internal diameter of the pipe. The projectile 2B is propelled through the pipe 1 by means of a stream of water injected from the stern of the projectile 2B after opening a 2VB valve connected to the launcher module 2. Like the filling phase , a flow of water - of a sufficient flow to propel a projectile - can be generated under the action of a centrifugal pump PC (low pressure, high flow). If the geometry of the pipe conforms to the expectations (that is to say that said pipe does not present undesirable narrowing), the collar (s) 2BC1, 2BC2 remain intact during the course of the projectile 2B within the pipe 1 On the other hand, a narrowing of the diameter of the pipe causes a deformation of a flange of the projectile 2B. An examination of the integrity of the flanges is made upon receipt of the projectile in the receiver module 3. Deformation of the flange (s) of the projectile 2B attests a non-conformity of the geometry of the pipe. The analysis of the integrity or deformations of a flange can be performed visually by an operator during the collection of the projectiles or automatically by the use of sensors positioned on the projectile 2B or even within the receiver module 3. As the 2, the water injected to propel the projectiles can be accelerated from the surface by a centrifugal pump PC arranged for example on a ship N. The accelerated water is conveyed to the launcher module 2 via an LPC line connecting the pump. PC centrifuge and said launcher module 2 (more precisely the 2VA and 2VB valves of said launcher module - connection 2i described in connection with Figure 1). The LPC line is advantageously rolled up / unwound by means of a motorized winch TPC of the ship N. To connect the LPC line to the launcher module 2 and actuate the 2VA and 2VB valves, it is generally necessary to use a 4-wire underwater vehicle. known by the abbreviation ROV (Remotely Operated underwater Vehicle according to English terminology).

This little submarine is flown from the surface. Such a submarine 4 is connected by a wired electrical connection 4a to a launching module 4b (called TLS), itself connected 4d to an electrical source on the N-source ship not shown in FIG. 2 .

The electrical energy necessary for the operation of the submarine 4 as well as the instructions of an operator present on the ship N are conveyed to the module 4b by a wired electrical connection 4c and propagated to the submarine 4 by the line 4a. A motorized winch Tl advantageously allows unrolling / winding the line 4c from the ship N. The launching module 4b is towed by a cable 4d to ensure in particular the ascent of the submarine and its crane (via a crane G of the ship N). The cable 4d is advantageously wound / unwound by a dedicated motorized winch T2 present on the ship N. Alternatively, the links 4c and 4d are coaxial and consist of the same entity. The launching module 4b and the ROV 10 are advantageously towed together by the single cable 4d and are subsequently separated under water.

As mentioned above, a third step to verify the conformity of the pipe is to pressurize said pipe and thus check the absence of leakage. This step can be carried out by injecting pressurized water into the pipe 1 at a pressure increased by a quarter of the nominal pressure expected during the operation of the pipe. It is then known to use one or more high pressure pumps, low flow type piston pumps. The pipe is maintained and pressurized for 24 hours. Any measured decrease in the pressure within the pipeline indicates the presence of one or more leaks. A marker or dye may be mixed with the pressurized water injected into the pipe to facilitate the identification of a possible leak. Like the PC centrifugal pump, one or more HP high-pressure pumps are positioned on the vessel N. A LPHP feed line is provided to convey the pressurized water from the PHP pump to the pipe 1 via the launcher module 2. This line is rolled up / unwound by means of a TPHP motorized winch from the ship N. To implement this test step, the submarine 4 is controlled to possibly disconnect the LPC line of the launcher module 2. In place and instead of the LPC line, the submarine 4 connects the line LPHP to said launcher module 2. The submarine 4 can then actuate one of the valves 2VA or 2VB to deliver within the line 1 (via the module 2 ) pressurized water. The 3V valves of the module 3 can also be actuated by the submarine 4 (or a second submarine) positioned near the receiver module 3) to regulate - together with the power of the PHP pump motors - the desired pressure at the in line 1. This technique illustrated in connection with Figure 2 can be used only if the underwater pipe 1 rests at a depth of less than 600 meters. Beyond this, the operation becomes risky and depends on the sea conditions. Moreover, beyond 600 meters, the pressure drop in the LPC or LPHP lines is notably too great for them to be able to convey the fluid to the desired pressure and / or flow rate. Figure 3 thus describes an alternative embodiment to perform compliance tests of a pipe 1 immersed to a greater depth but not exceeding 2000 meters. According to this variant, in order to overcome the hydrostatic pressure applying to the LPC and LPHP links previously described, the PC and PHP pumps are not positioned on the ship N but integrated into an acceleration and pressurization module intended to be immersed. and positioned in the immediate vicinity of a launcher module 2 connected to the pipe 1 that it is desired to test. The acceleration and pressurization module 10 is not autonomous. It is arranged to cooperate with a submarine 4 similar to that described above. The submarine 4 is thus connected (link 4a) to a launching module 4b electrically connected to the ship N by a wired link 4c and towed by a cable 4d. On the ship N, two motorized winches T1 and T2 are advantageously and respectively provided for winding / unwinding the connection 4c and the cable 4d. The main role of the submarine 4 is to transport the acceleration and pressurization module 10 to convey it in the immediate vicinity of the pipeline. The second role of said submarine 4 is to deliver the energy required to operate the PC and PHP pumps of the acceleration and pressurization module 10. Electrical energy is transformed into hydraulic energy within the submarine 4. Module 10 pumps are hydraulic. The module 10 is positioned under the submarine 4 during the journey as well as during the biasing phase of the pumps. Alternatively, the links 4c and 4d are coaxial and consist of one and the same entity. To connect the module 10 and power the launcher module 2, the acceleration and pressurization module 10 comprises an articulated connector 40 (usually called "hot stab" in English terminology). The submarine 4 further allows actuating the valves 2VA and 2VB to trigger the launching of projectiles.

Depending on the nature of the fluid flowing in the acceleration or pressurization module and depending on the risk of interaction between the materials forming the internal wall of the pipe that the acceleration and / or pressurization module must feed, it may be necessary to to chemically treat the fluid before it must be injected into the pipe. To do this, it is planned to integrate in the module 10 a reservoir (or a plurality of reservoirs) containing one or more additives. To inject said additive, the module 10 comprises a third injection pump. Such an additive may also be a dye injected into the pipe to identify any leaks. Alternatively or additionally, several injection pumps can be used to inject various additives.

The regulations of some countries prohibit the use of chemicals to carry out testing or maintenance operations of underwater pipelines. This type of operation becomes all the more critical as some pipes can not be supplied with salt water. Indeed, according to certain requirements related to materials used to form the inner wall of a pipe, salt water can be corrosive or cause deterioration of said materials. It is then necessary and essential to replace the salt water with another fluid, for example fresh water. Fresh water conveyed from the surface is generally illusory depending on the depth of immersion of the pipe. Today, it is possible to carry fresh water coming from the surface, such as an example of a ship N, but the immersion depth of the acceleration and / or pressurization module , or pipes must not exceed 600 meters. At present, no solution has been proposed for acceleration and / or pressurization modules or submerged pipelines at more than 600 meters: the supply of fresh water to submerged pipelines at more than 600 meters is complicated. or very risky. In addition, the generation of fresh water and the supply of fresh water can not be done autonomously, since it requires the intervention of men or machines on the surface, which represents an additional constraint. The invention makes it possible to meet the great majority of the disadvantages raised by the known solutions. Among the many advantages provided by a desalination module according to the invention, we can mention that it makes it possible: to improve the efficiency of the membranes, to reduce the number of membranes and consequently to reduce the maintenance cost of said membranes ; to inject fresh water at all times into all pipelines with high flows; to generate fresh water whatever the immersion depth of the associated acceleration or pressurization module; - to carry out tests of conformity or even maintenance of terrestrial pipes and subaquatic pipes, in particular immersed at great depths; to treat the pressurized fluid injected into the pipes according to the materials used to form the internal walls of said pipes. - prevent and reduce any risk of pollution by eliminating the use of any chemical additives in the module; - minimize maintenance operations and greatly reduce the cost by generating fresh water on site thanks to the surrounding salt water; - to avoid the use of submarines to transport fresh water from the surface; - to adapt to all types of pumps, regardless of electrical or hydraulic controls; to deploy an autonomous module to a submerged deficient installation to supply it with fresh water.

To this end, it is in particular provided a salt water desalination module comprising: - a salt water inlet, - salt water distribution means, fed by said salt water inlet, - an osmosis membrane inverse feedwater salt water by said salt water distribution means, - freshwater collection means downstream of said membrane, - a fresh water outlet cooperating with the freshwater collection means, - means for collecting brackish water cooperating with said membrane. To generate fresh water at a suitable and sufficient flow rate, optimize the efficiency of the immersion membranes and ensure a certain longevity of the desalination module, the desalination module according to the invention comprises a brackish water outlet via an ejector, said ejector cooperating with a brackish water flow control valve and said brackish water collection means upstream. Advantageously, the ejector may comprise a venturi tube, to allow the acceleration of the outlet flow of brackish water. According to this variant, the ejector may comprise a turbopump in order to obtain the desired flow of brackish water. To satisfy the flow and pressure characteristics of the membrane, and to ensure the expected fresh water flow rate, the desalination module may comprise a predetermined number of membranes, said membranes being fed by the water distribution means. salty, and said freshwater collection means collecting fresh water generated by the membranes.

Preferably, the one or one of the membranes may be in the form of wound coiled membrane. In order not to damage the membranes and to generate fresh water with adequate salinity and / or chlorine levels, the desalination module may comprise safety means for interrupting the supply of salt water from the distribution means of the water. salt water. According to this variant, in order to make it possible to verify the correct operation of the membrane or membranes, the desalination module according to the invention may comprise or cooperate with processing means and the security means may comprise or cooperate with a control safety valve. downstream of the inlet and upstream of the salt water distribution means, a sensor for measuring the salinity rate cooperating with said salinity measurement processing means arranged to compare the measured salinity level with a predetermined salinity rate, said processing means triggering the closing of the safety valve as soon as the measured salinity level is greater than or equal to the predetermined salinity level. Alternatively or in addition, the security means may comprise or cooperate with an electrically controlled safety valve downstream of the inlet and upstream of the salt water distribution means, a sensor for measuring the chlorine level cooperating with said chlorine level measurement processing means arranged to compare the measured chlorine level with a predetermined chlorine level, said processing means initiating closure of the safety valve as soon as the measured chlorine level is greater than or equal to predetermined chlorine level.

To avoid damaging the safety valve, the salt water supply and the salt water distribution means, the safety valve also confuses the supply of salt water to an exhaust pipe in addition to the interruption of the salt water supply of the salt water distribution means. In order to protect the membrane and prevent any damage thereof, the desalination module 10 may comprise means for limiting the pressure differential upstream and downstream of the membrane. Preferably, the means for limiting the pressure differential may comprise a differential pressure valve by keeping the differential pressure applied in the membrane constant. To increase the production yield of fresh water, the desalination module may comprise means for tempering the salt water upstream of the salt water distribution means and downstream of the salt water inlet. Advantageously, the means for tempering the salt water may comprise an electrical resistance. According to a second object, the invention relates to a freshwater acceleration or pressurization module comprising a duct from a saltwater inlet to a freshwater outlet, a pump cooperating with said duct to regulate the flow of water. pressure or the flow of water in said conduit. In order to minimize the use of the chemicals and to ensure a freshwater generation integrated into the module, the acceleration or pressurization module also comprises a desalination module according to the invention downstream of the pump. Advantageously, the pump can be actuated by means of an electric motor.

According to another variant, the pump may consist of a hydraulic motor pump. In order to accelerate or pressurize the salt water, the pump may consist of a high-pressure pump, a low-flow pump or a low-pressure, high-flow pump, depending on the type of test to be carried out. To refine the regulation of the flow of water flowing in the duct, it may advantageously comprise a control valve downstream of the pump, said valve being electrically controlled and cooperating with control means 15, the latter driving the valve control device for regulating the desired flow rate in the duct by translating a setpoint into one or more control commands. In order to simplify the adaptation of the desalination module to the acceleration or pressurization module, the control valve (12V) and the safety valve of the desalination module can advantageously consist of a single entity. Alternatively or additionally a setpoint may be prerecorded or preprogrammed in storage means cooperating with the control means, the latter being arranged to read the contents of said storage means. To prevent any introduction of foreign bodies into the ducts of the module, the latter may comprise means for filtering the salt water downstream of the saltwater inlet and upstream of any acceleration or pressurization thereof by the module pump. Alternatively, the acceleration or pressurization module may comprise an outer envelope 5 made from a grid arranged to protect the contents of said shock module against a third body or the intrusion of foreign bodies (ropes, fish. " In order to facilitate the immersion and ascent of an acceleration or pressurization module according to the invention, the latter may comprise means arranged to give it a substantially neutral buoyancy during the immersion of said module. variant or in addition, the acceleration or pressurization module according to the invention may comprise at least one ballast 15 cooperating with the control means, the latter translating an instruction into one or more filling or emptying commands of said at least one In order to make an acceleration or pressurization module according to the invention independent, it may comprise at least one electric thruster causing compliance. a movement of the acceleration or pressurization module in a liquid environment when said at least one thruster is actuated. According to this embodiment, the thruster (s) can cooperate with the control means and be controlled by said control means which translate an instruction into one or more propulsion commands. To enable supervision, an acceleration or pressurization module according to the invention may comprise one or more sensors cooperating with the control means, the latter developing supervisory data based on information delivered by the one or more sensors. transmission means cooperating with the control means for transmitting said supervision data to the outside world by means of a wire link cooperating with said transmission means. By way of example, the sensor or sensors may consist of one or more means for measuring an operating parameter of a pump motor or else one or more means for measuring the pressure, the flow rate and the temperature. , the salinity, the hydrogen potential or the percentage of ethylene glycol in the accelerated or pressurized fresh water circulating in the module. To be connected to a third-party device (for example a projectile launcher module or a pipe), and to supply the latter with accelerated or pressurized water, the freshwater outlet of an acceleration or pressurization module according to the invention can advantageously cooperate with a connector (such as a "hot stab") intended to be connected to a third device, said connector being supplied with accelerated fresh water or pressurized from the outlet of fresh water. As a variant, in particular to implement a conformity test of an underwater pipe, an acceleration or pressurization module according to the invention may comprise an internal projectile launch module for maintaining or testing the conformity of a pipe, said internal module being fed with accelerated fresh water or pressurized from the outlet of fresh water and cooperating with said pipe via a suitable connector. To locate an acceleration or pressurization module according to the invention, it may advantageously include a beacon for locating said module in immersion. To actuate a third device, an acceleration or pressurization module according to the invention may comprise an articulated arm comprising one or more effectors, said articulated arm cooperating with the control means translating an instruction into one or more control commands for said arm Speak clearly.

Other features and advantages will emerge more clearly on reading the description which follows and on examining the accompanying figures among which: FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 previously described respectively illustrate a detailed view of a projectile launcher module as well as three alternative embodiments of a system for testing the conformity of an underwater pipe; FIG. 4 describes a system for testing compliance of an underwater pipe incorporating a freshwater acceleration and / or pressurization module according to the invention; - Figure 5 shows a graphic description of a desalination module of salt water immersion in accordance with the invention; - Figure 6 schematically describes a freshwater acceleration and / or pressurization module according to the invention; - Figure 7 describes an alternative embodiment of a salt water acceleration or pressurization module (soft) according to the invention.

FIG. 5 schematizes a saline desalinization module 60 according to the invention. Like the known desalinization modules, the module 60 according to the invention is based on the principle of reverse osmosis. The principle of reverse osmosis has been chosen with regard to other desalination methods, such as, as non-limiting examples, nanofiltration, distillation or electrodialysis, because it has a mean energy cost and is revealed 10 be particularly profitable with regard to the concentration of salt contained in the seas and oceans. In general, reverse osmosis is a process for purifying a liquid, by way of nonlimiting example water, that is to say a method of liquid phase separation by permeation through semipermic membranes. selective under the effect of a pressure gradient. By "osmosis" is meant any transfer of solvent through a membrane under the effect of a concentration gradient. Consider a system with two compartments separated by a semi-selective membrane and containing two solutions of different concentrations (by way of non-limiting example, two water solutions of different salt concentrations): the osmosis is interpreted as the directed water flow from the least concentrated water solution to the most concentrated water solution. When pressure is applied to the most concentrated solution, the amount of water transferred by osmosis will decrease. With a sufficiently high pressure, the flow of water will even cancel out: the pressure of this phenomenon is called osmotic pressure in the event that the least concentrated water solution is a pure water solution. When the value of the osmotic pressure is exceeded, a flow of water directed in opposite direction is observed: this manifestation is named "phenomenon of reverse osmosis". The desalination module 60 according to the invention 5 comprises a fluid inlet 61 such as salt water, supplying distribution means 62 for seawater. Said salt water distribution means 62 may advantageously be non-limiting, in the form of a dispenser or dispenser, comprising one or more control valves, valves, mixers, or any other equivalent means. They supply themselves one or more membranes 63 called reverse osmosis. Membranes 63 used in reverse osmosis are semi-selective membranes, also called semi-permeable membranes. By "semi-selective membrane" is meant any membrane allowing certain material transfers between two media that it separates, favoring the transfer of certain elements relative to others. In reverse osmosis, the transfers of solvent and solute, respectively in our example water and salt, are by solubilization-diffusion: all the molecular species (solute and solvent) dissolve through the membrane and diffuse at the same time. interior thereof as in a liquid under the action of a concentration and pressure gradient. The transfer does not depend on the size of the particles but on their solubility in the membrane medium. The separations are therefore of chemical origin and are related to the solvent power of the membrane. The selectivity of reverse osmosis membranes for different chemical species depends on their solvability by water. The most highly solvated species have a higher rejection rate. The most suitable membranes for reverse osmosis may be, without limitation, made of cellulose acetate or synthetic polymers, such as polyamides or polysulfones. By way of non-limiting example, the membrane may be a thin-film composite membrane consisting of three superimposed layers: a polyester support network, a microporous polysulfone intermediate layer and, on the surface, an ultrafine polyamide barrier layer. The membranes are characterized by their qualities of chemical stability (pH, oxidants, chlorine, etc.), thermal stability, microbiological stability and mechanical resistance.

To be implemented, the membranes can be mounted in supports called modules. A pressure-resistant enclosure or the creation of a vacuum within the module is often necessary. Three main types of membranes are possible: - Tubular membranes: they are not self-supporting membranes, but fixed on a porous support. By way of non-limiting example, they may be capillary or hollow fibers. - Flat membranes (usually called "pillow-shaped" in English terminology, or pillow shape). - The spiral membranes: they consist of two layers of membranes, said layers are wound around a central drain (hollow tube) permeate collector. Preferably, the spiral membranes will be considered the most suitable for reverse osmosis, since they have the lowest replacement costs and easier maintenance. Nevertheless, all the aforementioned membranes can be used as reverse osmosis membranes in the desalinization module 60. The number of membranes 63 used in the desalination module 60 depends on the desired fresh water outlet flow rate, osmotic pressure and the surrounding salt water temperature. Indeed, the flow rate of fresh water is proportional to the surface of the membrane crossed by salt water. Thus, the dimensioning of the module of n membranes will take into account all these factors. By way of non-limiting example, considering the osmotic pressure at 68 bar and a salt water temperature of 25 ° C at the surface, for a flow rate of fresh water of 150 m3 per hour, 50 membranes in series or in parallel will be necessary to achieve reverse osmosis. Enclosed in a desalinization module 60 according to the invention, downstream of the membrane or membranes 63, two fluid collection means, respectively of fresh water 64 and brackish water 66, cooperate with this or these latter. Said collection means 64 and 66 may advantageously, but not exclusively, be in the form of nozzles, pipes, tubes or drains. The freshwater collection means 64 are advantageously connected to a fresh water outlet 65. The brackish water outlet 67 is made through an ejector 68 downstream of the brackish water collection means 66. Leaving brackish water 67 opens into the salt water. The ejector 68 advantageously makes it possible to optimize the efficiency of the membranes 63 by adjusting the flow rate at the outlet of brackish water. The ejector 68 may comprise a venturi tube: a venturi tube is a deprimogenic member in the form of a tube having a constriction, it is inserted in a pipe so as to limit the flow of the fluid and thus create a pressure differential on both sides of this device. Since the section of the tube in which the fluid circulates decreases, the fluid must accelerate to keep the same flow rate. According to another variant, the ejector 68 may comprise a turbopump: said turbopump makes it possible to carry out the flow of brackish water in a rapid manner, since it can generate a flow rate of up to 50,000 m3 / h in creating a vacuum using a series of rotors. The dimensioning of the turbopump is based on the flow rate, the density of the fluid and the pressure to be generated to achieve the salty water outlet flow rate 67. The ejector 68 operates in accordance with a control valve 69 of the brackish water flow. The phenomenon of desalinization, more particularly the transfer or the rejection of the bodies by a membrane, can be influenced by variable parameters and in particular, not exclusively, the temperature and the water pressure passing through the membrane. This is particularly the case when the desalinization module 60 is immersed in seawater, since the temperature of the surrounding saline water at depth, from 400 meters, can decrease to reach temperatures of the order of 3 to 4 ° C. At these temperatures, the efficiency of the membranes is decreased. This problem is not encountered with terrestrial equipment, since the temperature of the salt water in these infrastructures corresponds to the ambient air temperature, ie the ambient temperature prevailing inside the infrastructures. In immersion, a module intended to soften the water of the terrestrial pipes becomes unfit to deliver the required flow of fresh water. It therefore becomes necessary to adapt such equipment to provide an immersion application. In order to obtain the same flow rate of fresh water as that obtained by land equipment, a first solution consists in heating the surrounding salty sea water until reaching a surrounding temperature of 25 ° C. Alternatively or in addition, it is necessary to increase and size the membrane surface and consequently the number n of membranes. To obtain a given freshwater outflow rate, it is necessary to estimate a number n of relevant membranes taking into account the surrounding salt water temperature to be softened. Empirical sizing tests have led to the assessment that, for an effective temperature drop of 15 ° C, an effective 20% increase in the membrane area is required to maintain a given freshwater outflow rate. In addition, the desalination module 60 according to the invention comprises means 76 for tempering the water. The module 60 thus provides the supply of membranes in temperate water, not limited to around 20 ° C to optimize the use of membranes. The incoming salt water can not be too hot, due to the phenomenon of solubilization of salt in water from 25 ° C. By way of non-limiting example, the means 76 for tempering the water may advantageously comprise an electrical resistance. Alternatively or additionally, in order to ensure the protection of the membrane or membranes 63, means 75 for limiting the pressure differential upstream and downstream of the membrane are housed in the desalination module 60. Said means 75 make it possible to Limit the pressure to prevent damage to the membrane and optimize membrane performance. Advantageously, but in a nonlimiting manner, said means 75 may comprise a differential pressure valve or a differential pressure relief valve. The differential pressure valve is used to limit the pressure increase, bypassing or confusing part of the salt water flow. A constant differential pressure is generated in the membrane. By way of non-limiting example, in correspondence with the membrane or membranes used 63, the pressure differential may be limited to 80 bar. Preferably, the desalination module 60 may comprise safety means for interrupting the supply of salt water to the membranes. In the event of membrane failure, it is essential to interrupt the supply in order to avoid, as far as possible, the contamination of third-party terrestrial or subaquatic pipes, and their damage if there is a failure of the membranes. By way of nonlimiting examples, two preferred parameters can be observed and analyzed: at first, the salinity level which makes it possible to ensure the proper functioning of the reverse osmosis membranes 63 and can also indicate that it it is important to carry out the maintenance of the desalination module 60; alternatively or in addition, the chlorine level, which can indicate if the membrane or membranes 63 are pierced and consequently, to avoid polluting third underwater or terrestrial pipelines. Said security means may firstly comprise a sensor 71 for measuring the salinity or chlorine content, said measurement being conveyed to the processing means 72 for measuring the level of salinity or chlorine via a signaling bus SB arranged for comparing the measured salinity or chlorine level with a predetermined salinity or chlorine level, said processing means also integrating control means: the control bus CB conveys the command, said command enabling the closure of a safety valve 73 downstream of the inlet and upstream of the salt water distribution means 62, as soon as the measured salinity or chlorine level is greater than or equal to the predetermined salinity or chlorine level. According to this embodiment, the processing means 72 are integrated in the desalination module 60. According to another variant, said processing means 72 can also be distant from the desalination module 60 and cooperate with it. By way of non-limiting example, said processing means 72 may be integrated in the acceleration and / or pressurization module 10 (described below) without being integrated in the desalination module 60 according to the invention. Closing the safety valve 73 allows the interruption of the salt water supply. Advantageously, the safety valve 73 can further route the salt water supply to an exhaust duct 74 in addition to the interruption of the salt water supply of the salt water distribution means. Said exhaust duct 74 makes it possible to avoid the creation of an overpressure at the safety valve 73. Preferably, an embodiment will be described as a conformity test system for an acceleration duct. consistent with acceleration 10 can also terrestrial. Figure 4 subaquatic integrating and / or pressurizing a freshwater module module the invention channeling the invention. Nevertheless, and pressurization according to test and feed a described another embodiment to perform compliance tests of a pipe 1 immersed to a greater depth may exceed the 2000 meters. According to this variant, like the known module and described in connection with FIG. 3, the PC and PHP pumps, designed to accelerate or pressurize fresh water in immersion, are not positioned on the ship N but integrated in an acceleration and pressurization module 20 designed to be immersed and positioned in the immediate vicinity of a launcher module 2 connected to the pipe 1 that it is desired to test. To benefit from a freshwater acceleration capacity greater than that delivered by the proposed solutions 25 in connection with FIG. 3, the pump internal to the module 10 is actuated by an electric motor in place of a hydraulic actuation. . The electric motor can be supplied with energy by one or more internal batteries or from an external wire link LC 30 and connected to an electrical generating unit, for example an N-ship. Depending on whether it is desired to accelerate or pressurize the fluid, the pump is respectively a high flow pump, low pressure or a low flow pump, high pressure. To perform a compliance test of an underwater pipe (as described in connection with Figures 2 and 3), the module can be advantageously a fluid acceleration and pressurization module. As such, a second pump actuated by a second electric motor accelerates or compresses the fluid flowing in a second conduit. The first pump is operated to implement the "flooding" and "gauging" steps of the pipe 1, while the second pump is used to implement the pipe pressure test. Alternatively, the links 5 and LC may advantageously be coaxial and consist of the same entity, to reduce the number of winches on the ship N. FIG. 6 shows a modulus of acceleration or pressurization of fresh water conforming to the 'invention. Like the module known in connection with Figure 3 and the module according to the invention described in connection with Figure 4, the module 10 according to the invention incorporates the pump or pumps for accelerating or pressurizing a fluid immersion. The modular construction of the module 10 allows a large number of embodiments, some of which are illustrated in Figures 7a and 7b. The invention firstly provides a module for simply accelerating fresh water. By way of example and preferably, such a module can cooperate with a projectile launcher module 2 for maintaining or testing the geometry of an underwater pipe 1. Such a module may have only one pump 12, low pressure , high flow - centrifugal pump type. The pump 12 can be actuated by an electric motor. According to another variant, the pump can be actuated hydraulically. Alternatively or in addition to the pump 12, the module 10 may comprise a series of pumps in parallel. The acceleration module 10 according to the invention advantageously comprises a desalination module 60 according to the invention. The integration of said desalination module 60 according to the invention into the acceleration module 10 makes it possible to eliminate all the drawbacks inherent in the regulations of certain countries which forbids the use of chemicals to carry out test operations or maintenance of underwater pipelines, all the problems relating to the corrosion of certain pipes by salt water and the supply of fresh water from the surface of the acceleration modules 10. The desalination module 60 according to the invention can advantageously integrated with the acceleration and / or pressurization module downstream of the pump 12. As a result, the pump 12 can supply salt water via the salt water inlet 61. According to other variants (Not shown in FIG. 6), the desalination module 60 can also be positioned upstream of the pump 12 or downstream of the fluid outlet 23. regulating the flow rate of the fluid flowing in the first duct, the latter may comprise a 12V regulating valve downstream of the pump 12. This valve is advantageously electrically controlled and cooperates with control means 11, for example by means of the control bus. CB command. These control means 11 consist of a microcontroller or computer whose one function is to translate a setpoint C into one or more commands. To develop a command, said means can advantageously implement a program recorded or loaded into a program memory (not shown in Figure 7) cooperating with said computer. The setpoint C can be pre-recorded in co-operating memory means 11m (via a wired bus or a wireless communication) with said control means 11. The storage means 11m may alternatively be integrated with said control means 11. instructions C can also emanate from an operator from the surface, for example aboard the ship N, said operator using a suitable man-machine interface. To convey such instructions, the invention provides that the line LC can advantageously convey, not only the electrical energy necessary for the operation of the module, but also the instructions C in the form of electrical or light signals (optical fibers) via a beam or a multiplexed link. According to this variant, a module 10 according to the invention comprises means for receiving instructions 19 cooperating with the control means 11 for decoding and transmitting thereto said instructions C. Alternatively or in addition, a setpoint C can also be transmitted to the module 10 for example from the ship N described in connection with Figure 4 - acoustic waves. In this case, the receiving means 19 are arranged to decode such a setpoint and communicate it to the control means 11. The control means 11 can therefore control the control valve to regulate the desired flow rate in the first conduit. They translate for this a setpoint C into one or more control commands. When the pump 12 is actuated by an electric motor, the control means 11 can thus actuated and regulated alternatively and / or in addition to the power of the motor. To further improve the regulation of the flow of the accelerated fluid, the control means 11 can take into account internal parameters of the module to refine the development of control commands translating a setpoint. A sensor 27 may also be positioned downstream of the pump 12 to measure the flow rate (or any other parameter related to the accelerated fluid: temperature, viscosity, turbidity, salinity, hydrogen potential (PH) or percentage of ethylene glycol, etc. In a variant, the sensor 27 and the sensor 71 (shown in FIG. 5) integrated in the desalination module according to the invention can consist of a single entity or can coexist to allow a double measurement of the salinity level. by way of nonlimiting example, a second sensor 28 may be positioned downstream of the desalination module 60 according to the invention to perform a second salinity level measurement and ensure that only fresh water is injected by In the following, according to the invention, these different sensors advantageously cooperate with the control means 11, for example by means of a signaling bus SB. Therefore, it is necessary to regulate the control valve according to a set point C and as a function of information delivered by the sensors. According to this first example, the pump is therefore a low pressure, high flow pump whose function is to increase the flow rate of the fluid flowing in the module. This pump could alternatively be a low flow, high pressure pump (for example a piston pump). The objective would no longer be to accelerate the fluid in the first conduit but to increase the pressure. The module 10 is then no longer a fluid acceleration module but a fluid pressurization module. The invention provides that the module can be a fluid acceleration and pressurization module, to advantageously perform in a nonlimiting manner a conformity test of an underwater pipe (as described in connection with FIGS. 2, 3 and 4). In this respect, the module comprises, downstream of the first pump 12 and upstream or downstream of the desalination module 60 according to the invention, a second pump 14 actuated by an electric motor or in a hydraulic manner, cooperating with a second salt water inlet and a second conduit, to accelerate or compress the fluid flowing in said second conduit. In a preferred embodiment, the first pump 12 is a centrifugal pump (to accelerate the fluid) and the second pump is a piston pump (for pressurizing said fluid). Said first pump 12 is used to implement the "flooding" and "gauging" steps of the pipe 1. The second pump is used to implement the pipe pressure test (hydro-test).

To prevent any degradation of the pumps, conduits, and other valves of the pressurization or fluid pressurization module, one or more filters 21F may advantageously be interposed between the inlet and the pump 12. These filters 21F make it possible for example to fluidify the fluid circulating in the pump or pumps of the module 10. In the case of a submerged module at sea or ocean, the 21F filters can prevent any intrusion of plant bodies, organic or mineral. Depending on the power required or simply for reasons of reliability, an acceleration or pressurization module according to the invention may comprise a plurality of pumps of the same type to work together with each other OR alternatively. Thus, the pump 12 can be "doubled" by a pump 12 '(not shown in FIG. 6). The two pumps 12 and 12 'can thus alternately or jointly contribute to the acceleration of the fluid in the first conduit. Depending on the nature of the fluid flowing in the acceleration or pressurization module and the risk of interaction between the materials forming the inner wall of the pipe that must feed said module, it may be necessary to chemically treat the fluid before it must not be injected into the pipeline. The invention can thus provide for integrating in the module 10 a reservoir (or a plurality of reservoirs) containing one or more additives. To inject said additive into the first conduit, the module 10 comprises a third pump (advantageously a high pressure pump), actuated by an electric motor or hydraulically cooperating upstream with said reservoir, downstream of the first pump 12 and the desalinization module 60 according to the invention of said engine 17 to control the injection of the additive. Such an additive may also be a dye injected into the pipe to identify any leaks.

The sensors present within the acceleration or fluid pressurization module allow the control means to refine the development of commands for motors and other electric valves. The control means 11 can furthermore develop supervision data S 1 intended to be possibly recorded in the means for storing ll m (for historical purposes) or even be communicated in real time to a surface-based operator (on a ship by example). The module 10 therefore comprises transmission means 19 cooperating with the control means 11 for transmitting said supervision data SI to the outside world. The data can advantageously be conveyed by the wired link LC cooperating with said transmission means or by dedicated communication means. In general, the invention provides that mechanical pressure relief valves can be deployed along the ducts to prevent any degradation in case of sudden increases in the pressure in said ducts. FIGS. 7a and 7b describe alternative embodiments of an acceleration or pressurization module according to the invention. According to these figures, the module is intended for particular to perform maintenance operations and / or compliance tests of an underwater pipe.

Figure 6 allowed us to describe the internal arrangement of such a module. Figures 7a and 7b allow us to detail the external arrangement of such a module 10. The latter comprises an outer casing 30, preferably rigid providing protection and holding all the elements constituting said module. Said elements are thus protected against any impact against a third body. As a variant, the various elements of the module 10 that need to be protected from the surrounding fluid can advantageously comprise respectively their own sealed containment enclosures (coatings from a resin for example). The envelope 30 of the acceleration or pressurization module according to the invention can then be shaped essentially from a grid, leaving the fluid surrounding the module to penetrate the envelope when the module is immersed. Such an envelope makes it possible to preserve the safety of the personnel when launching the module or during maintenance operations. Such a module can be operated in great depths of immersion for example of the order of 3000 meters or more. To facilitate the immersion and the surface lift of said module, it advantageously comprises means 30f to give it a substantially neutral buoyancy during its launching. Such means 30f may consist of one or more floats disposed within or around the envelope 30. Such floats may advantageously be hollow, filled with a less dense solid material than the fluid in which the module must be immersed.

A fluid acceleration or pressurization module according to the invention may further comprise one or more ballasts 32 whose filling or emptying are triggered by the control means of the module (the means 11 according to FIG. 6). They cooperate with the ballast or ballasts and actuate the ballasts from instructions. A fluid acceleration or pressurization module according to the invention may be conveyed to the intervention site by means of a submarine. To overcome this, the invention provides alternatively that the module may include one or more thrusters cooperating with the module control means. As indicated in FIGS. 7a and 7b, the module 10 advantageously comprises one or more thrusters 33 (with electrical controls) to cause a substantially horizontal displacement DH when the module 10 is immersed. Other thrusters (or only one) 34 can complement the role of the ballast or ballasts 33 to cause a substantially vertical displacement DV when the module 10 is immersed. The different thrusters cooperate with the control means which translate a setpoint (recorded, or conveyed by the line LC) into propulsion commands transported by wire routes (electric or optical CB bus), radio or ultrasonic from the control means to the thruster concerned. A thruster 33 or 34 may consist of a propeller or a turbine. A module according to the invention may further comprise one or more azimuth thrusters cooperating advantageously with said control means.

As indicated in FIGS. 7a and 7b, the distal portion of a cable 5 may advantageously be fastened to the envelope 30 of the module for towing the latter and facilitating its ascent and craning aboard a ship. Like known modules actuated by a submarine, a fluid acceleration or pressurization module 10 according to the invention may comprise a connector (Hot Stab) 40 for connecting the fluid outlet 23 (via a optionally flexible channel 41) to a third device, for example a launcher module 2 as described by way of non-limiting example in FIG. 4. To actuate, for example, a third-party device (such as the 2VA and 2VB valves of a module Launcher 2 described in connection with Figure 1), the module 10 may comprise one or more articulated arms 70 provided with one or more effectors. Such an arm 70 may be substantially similar to that fitted to a wire-guided submarine. The arm or arms 70 are advantageously controlled by the control means of the acceleration and pressurization module from setpoints. Said control means translate said setpoints into one or more control commands of the articulated arm 70. The controls are advantageously communicated to said arm 70 via an electric bus CB not shown in FIG. 7a. If necessary, the module 10 may comprise a power station or hydraulic (not shown in Figure 7a) dedicated to this use. Alternatively, the invention provides that said valves of a projectile launcher module can be controlled via one or more commands 30 transmitted by acoustic waves or via a wired electrical connection. According to this variant, the means of transmission and / or reception of a module 10 are arranged to convey such commands developed by the control means of said device. FIG. 7b describes an alternative embodiment for which the fluid outlet does not cooperate with a connector (the connector 40 described in connection with FIG. 7a) but directly with a projectile launcher module 50 (as described in FIG. connection with Figure 1). The latter is integrated with the acceleration or fluid pressurization module according to the invention 10. The fluid outlet 23 cooperates with said internal launcher module 50 by means of a pipe 41 partially external (as indicated in FIG. 7b) or internal. According to an embodiment shown in FIG. 7b, the desalination module 60 may be positioned downstream of the seawater outlet 23 (not shown in FIG. 7b) and upstream of the pipe 41. The invention has been described during its implementation to perform compliance tests for underwater pipelines. It can also be used to perform compliance tests of terrestrial pipelines. It can, however, be used for other applications, including, without limitation, to ensure a certain autonomy regarding the production of freshwater immersion. This may be useful for, as non-limiting examples, supplying freshwater submerged buildings or distressed crews with fresh water.

It could also be envisaged that a plurality of desalination modules are connected in series or in parallel with an acceleration or pressurization module to improve the efficiency of the assembly and rapidly increase the flow of fresh water. Other modifications may be contemplated without departing from the scope of the present invention defined by the appended claims.

Claims (29)

REVENDICATIONS1. Module for accelerating and / or pressurizing (10) salt water comprising a duct from a salt water intake (21) to a fresh water outlet (23), a pump (12) cooperating with said duct for regulating the pressure or the flow of water in said conduit, said module (10) being characterized in that it comprises a desalinization module (60) downstream of the pump (12), said desalination module (60) comprising: - a salt water inlet (61) cooperating with the conduit downstream of the pump (12), - salt water distribution means (62) supplied by said salt water inlet (61), - a reverse osmosis membrane (63) supplied with salt water by said salt water distribution means (62), - freshwater collection means (64) downstream of said membrane (63), - a fresh water outlet (65) cooperating with the freshwater collection means (64) and with the fresh water outlet (23) of the acceleration and / or pressurization module (10), brackish water collection means (66) cooperating with said membrane (63), - a brackish water outlet (67) via an ejector, said ejector (68) cooperating with a flow control valve brackish water (69) and said brackish water collection means (66) upstream. 2. Module for accelerating and / or pressurizing (10) salt water comprising a conduit from a salt water inlet (21) to a fresh water outlet (23), a pump (12) cooperating with said duct for regulating the pressure or the flow of water in said duct, said module (10) being characterized in that it comprises a desalination module (60) upstream of the pump (12), said desalination module ( 60) comprising: - a salt water inlet (61) cooperating with the salt water inlet (21) of the acceleration and / or pressurization module (10), - distribution means (62) for salt water, fed by said salt water inlet (61), - a reverse osmosis membrane (63) supplied with salt water by said salt water distribution means (62), - means for collecting water soft (64) downstream of said membrane (63), - a fresh water outlet (65) cooperating with the freshwater collection means (64), as well as with the pipe upstream of the pump (12), brackish water collection means (66) cooperating with said membrane (63), a brackish water outlet (67) via an ejector, said ejector (68) cooperating with a control valve the brackish water flow (69) and said brackish water collection means (66) upstream. 3. Acceleration and / or pressurization module (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the ejector (68) comprises a venturi tube and / or a turbopump. Acceleration and / or pressurization module (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the desalination module (60) comprises a predetermined number of membranes (63), said membranes (63) being respectively fed by the salt water distribution means (62), and said freshwater collection means (64) collecting the fresh water generated respectively by said membranes (63). 5. acceleration module and / or pressurization (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the desalination module (60) comprises security means for interrupting the supply of salt water distribution means d salt water (62). 6. acceleration module and / or pressurization (10) according to claim 5, wherein the desalination module (60) comprises processing means (72) or cooperating with such means (72) for which said means of comprise or cooperate with a safety valve (73) electrically controlled downstream of the inlet (61) and upstream of the salt water distribution means (62), a sensor (71) for measuring the salinity level cooperating with said processing means (72) arranged to compare the measured salinity level with a predetermined salinity level, said processing means (72) triggering the closure of the safety valve (73) as soon as the measured salinity level is greater than or equal to the predetermined salinity level. Acceleration and / or pressurization module (10) according to claim 5, for which the desalination module (60) comprises processing means (72) or cooperating with such means (72) for which said means for comprise or cooperate with a safety valve (73) electrically controlled downstream of the inlet (61) and upstream of the salt water distribution means (62), a sensor (71) for measuring the chlorine content cooperating with said processing means (72) arranged to compare the chlorine content measured with a predetermined chlorine level, said processing means (72) triggering the closing of the safety valve (73) as soon as the measured chlorine level is higher or equal to the predetermined chlorine level. Accelerator and / or pressurization module (10) according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the safety valve (73) of the desalination module (60) further confuses the supply of salt water to an air duct. exhaust (74) in addition to the interruption of the salt water supply of the salt water distribution means (62). Acceleration and / or pressurization module (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the desalination module (60) comprises means (75) for limiting the pressure differential upstream and downstream of the membrane. 10. acceleration module and / or pressurization (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the desalination module comprises means (76) for tempering the salt water upstream of the distribution means of the salt water (62) and downstream of the salt water inlet (61). An acceleration and / or pressurization module (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the pump (12) is actuated by means of an electric motor. 12. Acceleration and / or pressurization module (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the pump (12) consists of a hydraulic motor pump. 13. An acceleration and / or pressurization module (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the pump (12) consists of a high pressure pump, low flow or a low pressure pump, high flow rate. 14. Acceleration and / or pressurization module (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the conduit comprises a control valve (12V) downstream of the pump (12), said valve being electrically controlled and cooperating (CB) with control means (11), the latter driving the control valve (12V) to regulate the desired flow rate in the conduit by translating a setpoint (C) into one or more control commands. Accelerator and / or pressurization module (10) according to claim 14, wherein the control valve (12V) and the safety valve (73) of the desalination module (60) consist of one and the same entity. 16. Acceleration and / or pressurization module (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, for which a setpoint (C) is stored in storage means (11m) cooperating with the control means (11), the latter being arranged to read the contents of said storage means. An acceleration and / or pressurization module (10) as claimed in any one of the preceding claims including means (21F) for filtering salt water downstream of the salt water inlet (21) and upstream any acceleration or pressurization thereof by the pump (12) of the module (10). 18. acceleration module and / or pressurization (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising an outer casing (30) made from a grid arranged to protect the contents of said shock module against a third body . 19. module for acceleration and / or pressurization (10) immersion according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising means (30f) arranged to impart a substantially neutral buoyancy during immersion of said module. 20. Module acceleration and / or pressurization (10) according to the preceding claim, comprising at least one ballast (32) cooperating with the control means (11), the latter translating a setpoint (C) in one or more commands filling or emptying said at least one ballast (32). 21. Acceleration and / or pressurization module (10) according to claims 19 or 20, comprising at least one thruster (33, 34) with electrical commands respectively causing a displacement (DH, DV) of the acceleration module or pressurizing (10) in a liquid environment when said at least one propellant (33, 34) is actuated. 22. Acceleration and / or pressurization module (10) according to the preceding claim, wherein the at least one thruster (33, 34) cooperates (CB) with the control means and is controlled by said control means (11). ) that translate a setpoint (C) into one or more propulsion commands. 23. acceleration module and / or pressurization (10) according to any preceding claim, comprising one or more sensors (27, 28) cooperating (SB) with the control means (11), the latter developing data supervisory system (SI) based on information provided by the one or more sensors, transmission means (19) cooperating with the control means (11) for transmitting said supervision data (SI) to the outside world by means of a wired link (LC) cooperating with said transmission means (19). An acceleration and / or pressurization module (10) according to claim 23, wherein the at least one sensor comprises one or more means for measuring an operating parameter of a pump motor. Accelerator and / or pressurization module (10) according to claim 24, wherein the one or more sensors consist of one or more measuring means (27, 28) for the pressure, flow rate, temperature, the salinity, hydrogen potential or percentage of ethylene glycol of the accelerated or pressurized freshwater circulating in the module. 26. Acceleration and / or pressurization module (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the fresh water outlet (23) cooperates with a connector (40) intended to be connected to a third-party device (1). , 2), said connector (40) being fed (41) with fresh water accelerated or pressurized from the outlet of fresh water (23). An acceleration and / or pressurization module (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising an internal projectile launching module (50) for maintaining or testing the conformity of a pipeline (1), said module internal (50) being fed (41) accelerated fresh water or pressurized from the outlet of fresh water (23) and cooperating with said pipe (1) via a suitable connector (51). 28. Acceleration and / or pressurization module (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a beacon for locating said immersion module. 29. acceleration module and / or pressurization (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising an articulated arm (70) comprising one or more effectors, said articulated arm cooperating with the control means (11) translating a setpoint (C) in one or more control commands of said articulated arm.