FR3008140A1 - DEVICE FOR ADDING AN ADDITIVE TO A FUEL - Google Patents

DEVICE FOR ADDING AN ADDITIVE TO A FUEL Download PDF

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Publication number
FR3008140A1
FR3008140A1 FR1356438A FR1356438A FR3008140A1 FR 3008140 A1 FR3008140 A1 FR 3008140A1 FR 1356438 A FR1356438 A FR 1356438A FR 1356438 A FR1356438 A FR 1356438A FR 3008140 A1 FR3008140 A1 FR 3008140A1
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France
Prior art keywords
additive
ethanol
fuel
supply
base fuel
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Pending
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FR1356438A
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French (fr)
Inventor
Flavio Dias
Souza Renata Nohra
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Peugeot Citroen do Brasil Automoveis Ltda
PSA Automobiles SA
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Peugeot Citroen do Brasil Automoveis Ltda
Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA
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Priority to FR1356438A priority Critical patent/FR3008140A1/en
Publication of FR3008140A1 publication Critical patent/FR3008140A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K15/00Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03Fuel tanks
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0639Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels
    • F02D19/0649Liquid fuels having different boiling temperatures, volatilities, densities, viscosities, cetane or octane numbers
    • F02D19/0652Biofuels, e.g. plant oils
    • F02D19/0655Biofuels, e.g. plant oils at least one fuel being an alcohol, e.g. ethanol
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0663Details on the fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02D19/0665Tanks, e.g. multiple tanks
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/12Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with non-fuel substances or with anti-knock agents, e.g. with anti-knock fuel
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01FMEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F13/00Apparatus for measuring by volume and delivering fluids or fluent solid materials, not provided for in the preceding groups
    • G01F13/006Apparatus for measuring by volume and delivering fluids or fluent solid materials, not provided for in the preceding groups measuring volume in function of time
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K15/00Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03Fuel tanks
    • B60K2015/03328Arrangements or special measures related to fuel tanks or fuel handling
    • B60K2015/03348Arrangements or special measures related to fuel tanks or fuel handling for supplying additives to fuel
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K15/00Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03Fuel tanks
    • B60K2015/03328Arrangements or special measures related to fuel tanks or fuel handling
    • B60K2015/03361Arrangements or special measures related to fuel tanks or fuel handling for checking the quality or quantity of fuel during filling of fuel tank
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12Improving ICE efficiencies
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif d'ajout d'un additif à un carburant de base comprenant : - un réservoir (4) d'additif, - des moyens (7) d'injection de l'additif au carburant de base, les moyens (7) d'injection étant reliés au réservoir (4) d'additif par une conduite (8) d'alimentation, - des moyens (6a) de commande des moyens (7) d'injection d'additif, Caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend encore : - des moyens (5) de mesure de la quantité de carburant de base fournie lors d'un approvisionnement de ce carburant, - des moyens (6f) de détermination de la quantité d'additif à injecter en fonction de la quantité de carburant de base fournie lors de l'approvisionnement.The invention relates to a device for adding an additive to a base fuel comprising: - a reservoir (4) of additive, - means (7) for injecting the additive to the base fuel, the means Injection means (7) being connected to the additive reservoir (4) by a supply line (8), - means (6a) for controlling the additive injection means (7), characterized in that it further comprises: - means (5) for measuring the quantity of base fuel supplied during a supply of this fuel, - means (6f) for determining the quantity of additive to be injected as a function of the amount of basic fuel supplied during supply.

Description

DISPOSITIF D'AJOUT D'UN ADDITIF A UN CARBURANT Domaine technique de l'invention pool La présente invention se rapporte au domaine des carburants pour moteur à combustion interne.TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the field of fuels for an internal combustion engine.

Arrière-plan technologique [0002] Le remplacement des carburants essence et diesel issus de ressources fossiles telle que le pétrole pour assurer les futurs besoins en énergie constitue une préoccupation essentielle. Les biocarburants constituent un substitut à ces carburants à base de pétrole. Par biocarburant il faut entendre les carburants utilisant comme matière première des produits issus de la culture ou de l'élevage, c'est-à-dire renouvelables. [0003] L'éthanol est connu pour être un de ces biocarburants. L'éthanol est largement produit à partir d'une matière première végétale contenant du sucre tel que la betterave sucrière, la tige de canne à sucre, les fruits, les grains de maïs ou de blé. L'éthanol peut encore être produit à partir de lignocellulose. [0004] L'usage de l'éthanol dans les moteurs à combustion interne à allumage par compression encore désigné moteur Diesel ne fonctionne pas tel quel. En effet, la résistance à l'auto-allumage par compression de l'éthanol est élevée, par conséquent un moteur Diesel alimenté en éthanol pur ne fonctionne pas. [0005] Il est connu du document EP2204433A1 d'ajouter à l'éthanol un additif en quantité déterminée qui permet d'en augmenter l'indice de cétane et donc de permettre l'allumage par compression. Cependant, l'utilisation d'éthanol ainsi additivé requiert de modifier les pompes distributrices d'éthanol existantes, ou d'en ajouter de nouvelles spécialement adaptée à l'éthanol additivé, ce qui représente des coûts d'aménagement d'infrastructures élevés. [0006] Par conséquent, le problème à la base de l'invention est de pouvoir disposer d'éthanol additivé de sorte à pouvoir être utilisé dans des moteur Diesel sans remettre en cause l'infrastructure de distribution des carburants existante. [0007] Pour atteindre cet objectif, il est prévu selon l'invention un dispositif d'ajout d'un additif à un carburant de base comprenant : - un réservoir d'additif, - des moyens d'injection de l'additif au carburant de base, les moyens d'injection étant reliés au réservoir d'additif par une conduite d'alimentation, - des moyens de commande des moyens d'injection d'additif, le dispositif comprenant encore : - des moyens de mesure de la quantité de carburant de base fournie lors d'un approvisionnement de ce carburant, - des moyens de détermination de la quantité d'additif à injecter en fonction de la quantité de carburant de base fournie lors de l'approvisionnement. [000s] De préférence, le dispositif comprend des moyens de détermination de la durée de l'approvisionnement. [0009] Dans une variante, les moyens de mesure comprennent une sonde magnétique. [001 0] L'invention porte aussi sur un ensemble comprenant un réservoir de carburant équipé d'un embout d'approvisionnement en carburant de base, et comprenant un dispositif d'ajout d'un additif audit carburant selon l'une quelconque des variantes précédemment décrites, les moyens de mesure étant disposés sur l'embout d'approvisionnement et les moyens d'injection étant reliés au réservoir de sorte à injecter l'additif directement dans ledit réservoir. [001 1] De préférence, l'embout comprend un volume de tranquillisation placé en amont des moyens de mesure. [0012] Dans une variante, l'ensemble comprend des moyens de fermeture de l'embout et des moyens de détection de la fermeture de l'embout. [0013] Dans une variante encore, le carburant de base comprend de l'éthanol pur ou hydraté, et l'additif est destiné à former avec le carburant de base un carburant final compatible avec un moteur à allumage par compression. [0014] L'invention porte aussi sur un véhicule à moteur Diesel comprenant un ensemble selon l'une quelconque des variantes précédemment décrites. [0015] L'invention porte enfin sur un procédé d'ajout à de l'éthanol d'un additif destiné à rendre l'éthanol compatible avec un moteur à allumage par compression comprenant : - une étape de détermination d'une quantité d'éthanol fournie dans un réservoir lors d'un approvisionnement en éthanol, - une étape de détermination de la quantité d'additif à ajouter à l'éthanol, - une étape d'injection de l'additif dans le réservoir. [0016] De préférence, le procédé comprend une étape de détermination de la fin de l'approvisionnement préalablement à l'étape d'injection de l'additif. Brève description des dessins [0017] D'autres particularités et avantages apparaîtront à la lecture de la description ci- après d'un mode particulier de réalisation, non limitatif de l'invention, faite en référence aux figures dans lesquelles : - La figure 1 est une représentation schématique d'un mode de réalisation préféré d'un ensemble comprenant un dispositif d'ajout d'un additif à un carburant selon l'invention. - La figure 2 illustre sous forme d'algorithme un mode de réalisation du procédé d'ajout d'additif au carburant selon l'invention.BACKGROUND [0002] Replacing petrol and diesel fuels from fossil fuels such as oil to meet future energy needs is a key concern. Biofuels are a substitute for these petroleum fuels. By biofuel is meant fuels using as raw material products derived from culture or livestock, that is to say renewable. [0003] Ethanol is known to be one of these biofuels. Ethanol is largely produced from a vegetable raw material containing sugar such as sugar beet, sugar cane stalk, fruits, corn kernels or wheat. Ethanol can still be produced from lignocellulose. The use of ethanol in compression ignition internal combustion engines still designated diesel engine does not work as is. Indeed, the resistance to the self-ignition compression of ethanol is high, therefore a diesel engine fed pure ethanol does not work. It is known from EP2204433A1 to add to the ethanol an additive in a specific amount that increases the cetane number and thus to allow ignition compression. However, the use of ethanol thus additivated requires modifying the existing ethanol dispensing pumps, or adding new ones specially adapted to additive ethanol, which represents high infrastructure development costs. Therefore, the problem underlying the invention is to have ethanol additivé so that it can be used in diesel engines without questioning the existing fuel distribution infrastructure. To achieve this objective, there is provided according to the invention a device for adding an additive to a basic fuel comprising: - an additive tank, - means for injecting the fuel additive base, the injection means being connected to the additive reservoir by a supply line, - control means of the additive injection means, the device further comprising: - means for measuring the amount of base fuel supplied during a supply of this fuel; means for determining the quantity of additive to be injected as a function of the quantity of base fuel supplied during the supply. [000s] Preferably, the device comprises means for determining the duration of the supply. In a variant, the measuring means comprise a magnetic probe. [001 0] The invention also relates to an assembly comprising a fuel tank equipped with a base fuel supply nozzle, and comprising a device for adding an additive to said fuel according to any one of the variants. previously described, the measuring means being arranged on the supply nozzle and the injection means being connected to the reservoir so as to inject the additive directly into said reservoir. [001 1] Preferably, the tip comprises a volume of tranquilization placed upstream of the measuring means. In a variant, the assembly comprises means for closing the nozzle and means for detecting the closure of the nozzle. In another variant, the base fuel comprises pure or hydrated ethanol, and the additive is intended to form with the base fuel a final fuel compatible with a compression ignition engine. The invention also relates to a diesel engine vehicle comprising an assembly according to any one of the previously described variants. The invention finally relates to a process for adding to ethanol an additive intended to render ethanol compatible with a compression ignition engine comprising: a step of determining a quantity of ethanol; ethanol supplied in a tank during an ethanol supply, - a step of determining the amount of additive to be added to the ethanol, - a step of injecting the additive into the tank. Preferably, the method comprises a step of determining the end of the supply prior to the injection step of the additive. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Other features and advantages will appear on reading the following description of a particular embodiment, not limiting of the invention, with reference to the figures in which: FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a preferred embodiment of an assembly comprising a device for adding an additive to a fuel according to the invention. FIG. 2 illustrates in the form of an algorithm an embodiment of the process for adding additive to the fuel according to the invention.

Description détaillée [0018] La figure 1 est présente un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention. Sur la figure 1 est présenté un ensemble comprenant un dispositif d'ajout d'un additif à un carburant de base. Une fois l'additif ajouté au carburant de base, le mélange obtenu forme le carburant final approprié au fonctionnement d'un moteur. L'invention convient particulièrement dans le cas de l'éthanol pur comme carburant de base, et d'un additif, à l'exemple de celui divulgué dans le document EP2204433A1, destiné à former par mélange avec l'éthanol un carburant final compatible avec un moteur à allumage par compression, tel qu'un moteur de type Diesel. Comme déjà vu, l'éthanol seul n'est pas approprié au fonctionnement moteur à allumage par compression. Le mélange de ces deux composants permet d'obtenir un substitut au diesel d'origine pétrolier. Le carburant de base peut être un éthanol hydraté, c'est-à-dire qu'il contient quelques pourcent d'eau, environ 7 %. Un tel ensemble convient donc parfaitement pour équiper un véhicule, par exemple un véhicule automobile, à moteur Diesel. [0019] Plus précisément, le dispositif d'ajout de l'additif au carburant de base se compose d'un réservoir 4 d'additif et de moyens 7 d'injection de l'additif au carburant de base. Les moyens 7 d'injection sont reliés au réservoir 4 d'additif par une conduite 8 d'alimentation. [0020] Les moyens 7 d'injection de l'additif sont pilotés en ouverture et fermeture à partir de moyens 6a de commande. Ces moyens 6a de commande peuvent être intégrés à une unité de contrôle électronique 6. Les moyens 7 d'injection peuvent être pilotés par les moyens 6a de commande au moyen d'un signal en modulation de largeur d'impulsions, (communément désigné signal PWM pour Pulse Width Modulation en anglais). [0021] Afin de connaitre la quantité d'additif à ajouter lors d'une opération d'approvisionnement en carburant de base, le dispositif de l'invention comprend encore des moyens 5 de mesure de la quantité de carburant de base fournie lors de l'approvisionnement de ce carburant. Les moyens 5 de mesure comprennent de préférence une sonde de mesure sans contact, tel qu'une sonde magnétique. [0022] Le dispositif de l'invention comprend encore des moyens, 6b, de détermination de la quantité de carburant de base fournie lors de l'approvisionnement. A cet effet, le dispositif peut comprendre, afin de déterminer le volume d'approvisionnement de carburant de base, des moyens, 6e, de détermination de la durée de l'approvisionnement, par exemple une minuterie. Le dispositif de l'invention comprend encore des moyens, 6f de détermination de la quantité d'additif à injecter en fonction de la quantité de carburant de base fournie lors de l'approvisionnement. [0023] Afin de prévenir un défaut de remplissage en additif, le réservoir 4 d'additif peut être équipé d'un capteur 11 de niveau relié à des moyens 6d de détection du niveau d'additif. [0024] Les moyens, 6b, de détermination de la quantité d'additif à injecter, les moyens 6d de détection du niveau d'additif et les moyens, 6e, de détermination de la durée de l'approvisionnement peuvent être intégrés à l'unité de contrôle électronique 6. [0025] L'ensemble de l'invention, en plus du dispositif précité dispose d'un réservoir 1 destiné à stocker le carburant de base. Le réservoir 1 est équipé d'un embout 2 ou goulotte d'approvisionnement de ce carburant de base. Dans cet agencement, les moyens 5 de mesure sont disposés sur l'embout 2 d'approvisionnement, de sorte à ne prendre en compte que le carburant de base amené dans le réservoir 1, indépendamment du carburant éventuellement présent dans le réservoir 1. Dans cet agencement toujours, les moyens 7 d'injection sont reliés au réservoir 1 de sorte à injecter l'additif directement dans ledit réservoir 1. [0026] Afin de d'absorber les variations de débit d'approvisionnement en carburant de base, l'embout 2 d'approvisionnement peut comprendre un volume 3 de tranquillisation.Detailed Description [0018] Figure 1 is a preferred embodiment of the invention. In Figure 1 is presented an assembly comprising a device for adding an additive to a base fuel. Once the additive is added to the base fuel, the resulting mixture forms the final fuel suitable for the operation of an engine. The invention is particularly suitable in the case of pure ethanol as base fuel, and an additive, for example that disclosed in EP2204433A1, for forming by mixing with ethanol a final fuel compatible with a compression ignition engine, such as a diesel type engine. As already seen, ethanol alone is not suitable for compression ignition engine operation. The mixture of these two components makes it possible to obtain a substitute for diesel fuel of petroleum origin. The base fuel may be a hydrated ethanol, i.e. it contains a few percent water, about 7%. Such an assembly is therefore perfectly suitable for equipping a vehicle, for example a motor vehicle, diesel engine. More specifically, the device for adding the additive to the base fuel consists of a reservoir 4 of additive and means 7 for injecting the additive to the base fuel. The injection means 7 are connected to the additive reservoir 4 via a feed pipe 8. The injection means 7 of the additive are controlled in opening and closing from control means 6a. These control means 6a can be integrated in an electronic control unit 6. The injection means 7 can be controlled by the control means 6a by means of a pulse width modulation signal (commonly referred to as a PWM signal). for Pulse Width Modulation in English). In order to know the amount of additive to be added during a basic fuel supply operation, the device of the invention also comprises means 5 for measuring the amount of base fuel supplied during the operation. supply of this fuel. The measuring means 5 preferably comprise a non-contact measuring probe, such as a magnetic probe. The device of the invention also comprises means 6b for determining the amount of base fuel supplied during the supply. For this purpose, the device may comprise, in order to determine the volume of basic fuel supply, means, 6th, of determining the duration of the supply, for example a timer. The device of the invention also comprises means for determining the amount of additive to be injected as a function of the quantity of base fuel supplied during the supply. To prevent an additive filling defect, the additive reservoir 4 may be equipped with a level sensor 11 connected to means 6d for detecting the level of additive. The means, 6b, for determining the quantity of additive to be injected, the means 6d for detecting the level of additive and the means, 6e, for determining the duration of the supply can be integrated into the electronic control unit 6. The assembly of the invention, in addition to the aforementioned device has a reservoir 1 for storing the base fuel. The tank 1 is equipped with a nozzle 2 or chute for supplying this basic fuel. In this arrangement, the measurement means 5 are arranged on the supply nozzle 2, so as to take into account only the basic fuel fed into the tank 1, independently of the fuel possibly present in the tank 1. In this still arrangement, the injection means 7 are connected to the tank 1 so as to inject the additive directly into said tank 1. In order to absorb the variations of the basic fuel supply flow, the nozzle 2 supply may include a volume 3 of tranquilization.

Le volume de tranquillisation, est placé en amont des moyens 5 de mesure, afin que ce dernier puisse effectuer une mesure sur un débit le plus constant possible. Dans l'embout 2, l'amont et l'aval sont définis relativement au sens d'écoulement du carburant de base vers le réservoir 1. [0027] L'ensemble de l'invention peut encore comprendre des moyens 9 de fermeture de l'embout 2, des moyens de détection de la fermeture de l'embout 2. Les moyens de détection de fermeture de l'embout 2 peuvent être composés de moyens 10 de détection de la position des moyens 9 de fermeture ainsi que de moyens 6c de détermination de la position des moyens 9 de fermeture. Les moyens 6c de détermination de la position des moyens 9 de fermeture opèrent à partir du signal délivré par les moyens 10 de détection de la position des moyens 9 de fermeture. Les moyens 6c de détermination de la position des moyens 9 de fermeture peuvent être intégrées à l'unité de contrôle électronique 6. [0028] La figure 2 reprend sous forme de logigramme la procédure d'ajout à de l'éthanol d'un additif destiné à rendre l'éthanol compatible avec un moteur à allumage par compression. [0029] En référence à la figure 2, à l'étape 20 on détermine la quantité d'éthanol fournie dans le réservoir 1 lors d'un approvisionnement en éthanol. La quantité d'éthanol approvisionnée est déterminée par les moyens 5 de mesure et les moyens 6b de détermination de détermination de la quantité de carburant de base fournie lors de l'approvisionnement. [0030] A l'étape 21, on détermine la quantité d'additif à ajouter à l'éthanol. La quantité d'additif est obtenue par les moyens 6f. La quantité d'additif à ajouter peut être obtenue par une cartographie mémorisée, par exemple dans l'unité de contrôle électronique 6, et établissant la quantité d'additif à ajouter en fonction de la quantité de carburant de base ajouté lors de l'approvisionnement. [0031] A l'étape 23, on injecte l'additif dans le réservoir 1, grâce aux moyens d'injection commandé par les moyens 6a de commande. [0032] L'injection d'additif peut ne pas se faire en parallèle de l'approvisionnement en carburant de base mais ultérieurement. Dans ce cas, il est prévu préalablement à l'étape 23 d'injection, une étape 22 dans laquelle on détermine la fin de l'approvisionnement. De préférence, la fin de l'approvisionnement est déterminée à partir de la détection d'une obturation de l'embout 2 par les moyens 9 de fermeture. [0033] Cette invention permet à des moteurs à allumage par compression, par exemple de type Diesel, de fonctionner à partir d'un carburant de base disponible en réseau de distribution, mais pas compatible avec le fonctionnement d'un tel moteur. Cette invention facilite l'usage d'un biocarburant en substitution d'un carburant d'origine pétrolière, avec des effets bénéfiques sur les émissions de gaz carbonique et les émissions de dioxyde d'azote.The volume of stillness is placed upstream of the measuring means, so that the latter can perform a measurement on a flow as constant as possible. In the nozzle 2, upstream and downstream are defined relative to the direction of flow of the base fuel to the tank 1. The assembly of the invention may further comprise means 9 for closing the end piece 2, means for detecting the closure of the end piece 2. The means for detecting closure of the end piece 2 can be composed of means 10 for detecting the position of the means 9 for closing as well as means 6c of determining the position of the closing means 9. The means 6c for determining the position of the closing means 9 operate from the signal delivered by the means 10 for detecting the position of the closing means 9. The means 6c for determining the position of the closing means 9 can be integrated in the electronic control unit 6. FIG. 2 shows in the form of a flowchart the procedure for adding an additive to ethanol. intended to make ethanol compatible with a compression ignition engine. Referring to Figure 2, in step 20 is determined the amount of ethanol provided in the tank 1 during a supply of ethanol. The quantity of ethanol supplied is determined by the measuring means and the determination means 6b for determining the quantity of base fuel supplied during the supply. In step 21, the amount of additive to be added to the ethanol is determined. The amount of additive is obtained by means 6f. The quantity of additive to be added can be obtained by a memorized map, for example in the electronic control unit 6, and establishing the quantity of additive to be added according to the quantity of base fuel added during the supply. . In step 23, the additive is injected into the tank 1, thanks to the injection means controlled by the control means 6a. The injection of additive may not be done in parallel with the basic fuel supply but later. In this case, it is planned prior to the injection step 23, a step 22 in which the end of the supply is determined. Preferably, the end of the supply is determined from the detection of a closure of the tip 2 by the closing means 9. This invention allows compression ignition engines, for example diesel type, to operate from a base fuel available in the distribution network, but not compatible with the operation of such a motor. This invention facilitates the use of a biofuel substitute for a fuel of petroleum origin, with beneficial effects on carbon dioxide emissions and nitrogen dioxide emissions.

Claims (10)

REVENDICATIONS1. Dispositif d'ajout d'un additif à un carburant de base comprenant : Un réservoir (4) d'additif, Des moyens (7) d'injection de l'additif au carburant de base, les moyens (7) d'injection étant reliés au réservoir (4) d'additif par une conduite (8) d'alimentation, - Des moyens (6a) de commande des moyens (7) d'injection d'additif, Caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend encore : - Des moyens (5) de mesure de la quantité de carburant de base fournie lors d'un approvisionnement de ce carburant, - Des moyens (6f) de détermination de la quantité d'additif à injecter en fonction de la quantité de carburant de base fournie lors de l'approvisionnement.REVENDICATIONS1. Device for adding an additive to a base fuel comprising: an additive tank (4), means (7) for injecting the additive to the base fuel, the injection means (7) being connected to the additive reservoir (4) via a feed pipe (8), - means (6a) for controlling the additive injection means (7), characterized in that it further comprises: means (5) for measuring the quantity of base fuel supplied during a supply of this fuel, - means (6f) for determining the quantity of additive to be injected as a function of the quantity of base fuel supplied during supply. 2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des moyens (6e) de détermination de la durée de l'approvisionnement.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises means (6e) for determining the duration of supply. 3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que les moyens (5) de mesure comprennent une sonde magnétique.3. Device according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the means (5) for measuring comprise a magnetic probe. 4. Ensemble comprenant un réservoir (1) de carburant équipé d'un embout (2) d'approvisionnement en carburant de base, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un dispositif d'ajout d'un additif audit carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, les moyens (5) de mesure étant disposés sur l'embout (2) d'approvisionnement et les moyens (7) d'injection étant reliés au réservoir (1) de sorte à injecter l'additif directement dans ledit réservoir (1).4. An assembly comprising a fuel tank (1) equipped with a base fuel supply nozzle (2), characterized in that it comprises a device for adding an additive to said fuel according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, the measuring means (5) being arranged on the supply nozzle (2) and the injection means (7) being connected to the reservoir (1) so as to inject the additive directly into the reservoir (1). said reservoir (1). 5. Ensemble selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que l'embout (2) comprend un volume (3) de tranquillisation placé en amont des moyens (5) de mesure.5. The assembly of claim 4, characterized in that the tip (2) comprises a volume (3) of tranquilization upstream of the measuring means (5). 6. Ensemble selon la revendication 4 ou la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des moyens (9) de fermeture de l'embout (2) et des moyens de détection de la fermeture de l'embout (2).6. An assembly according to claim 4 or claim 5, characterized in that it comprises means (9) for closing the tip (2) and means for detecting the closure of the tip (2). 7. Ensemble selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le carburant de base comprend de l'éthanol pur ou hydraté, et en ce que l'additif estdestiné à former avec le carburant de base un carburant final compatible avec un moteur à allumage par compression.7. An assembly according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the base fuel comprises pure ethanol or hydrated, and in that the additive is intended to form with the base fuel a compatible final fuel with a compression ignition engine. 8. Véhicule à moteur Diesel, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un ensemble selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 à 7.8. Vehicle with diesel engine, characterized in that it comprises an assembly according to any one of claims 4 to 7. 9. Procédé d'ajout à de l'éthanol d'un additif destiné à rendre l'éthanol compatible avec un moteur à allumage par compression caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend : - une étape (20) de détermination d'une quantité d'éthanol fournie dans un réservoir (1) lors d'un approvisionnement en éthanol, - une étape (21) de détermination de la quantité d'additif à ajouter à l'éthanol, - une étape (23) d'injection de l'additif dans le réservoir (1).9. A process for adding to ethanol an additive intended to render ethanol compatible with a compression ignition engine, characterized in that it comprises: a step (20) for determining a quantity of ethanol; ethanol supplied in a reservoir (1) during an ethanol supply, - a step (21) for determining the amount of additive to be added to the ethanol, - a step (23) of injection of the additive in the tank (1). 10. Procédé selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une étape (22) de détermination de la fin de l'approvisionnement préalablement à l'étape (23) d'injection de l'additif.10. The method of claim 9, characterized in that it comprises a step (22) of determining the end of the supply prior to step (23) of injection of the additive.
FR1356438A 2013-07-02 2013-07-02 DEVICE FOR ADDING AN ADDITIVE TO A FUEL Pending FR3008140A1 (en)

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CN107962951B (en) * 2017-12-28 2023-06-27 常熟理工学院 Nano fuel additive self-mixing type fuel tank and control method thereof

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