FR3000751A1 - Installation, useful for recycling water for buildings with sources of gray wastewater resulting from e.g. washing of hands, comprises network of pipes, purification module, ecological units, sanitation unit, and hydraulic unit - Google Patents

Abstract

The installation comprises a first network of pipes (104) channeling gray wastewater from sources of gray wastewater, a second network of pipes (106) channeling rainwater runoff from covered areas, a purification module (114) receiving the gray wastewater conveyed by the first network of pipes and for particle filtration and aerobic treatment with fixed biomass on a support, a first ecological unit (116) of valley-type receiving gray wastewater from the purification module, and a second ecological unit (124) for receiving stormwater runoff from the second network of pipes. The installation comprises a first network of pipes (104) channeling gray wastewater from sources of gray wastewater, a second network of pipes (106) channeling rainwater runoff from covered areas, a purification module (114) receiving the gray wastewater conveyed by the first network of pipes and for particle filtration and aerobic treatment with fixed biomass on a support, a first ecological unit (116) of valley-type receiving gray wastewater from the purification module, a second ecological unit (124) that is different from the first ecological unit and is used for receiving stormwater runoff from the second network of pipes, an area of biodiversity receiving the water from the ecological units, a storage tank receiving water from biodiversity area, a sanitation unit receiving the waters from the storage tank, and a third network of pipes channeling water from the sanitation unit and points to a water inlet to use non-food and non built-up area of the body. The installation further comprises a fourth network pipe to channel rainwater from roofs of buildings. A filter module receives rainwater from the fourth network of pipes. A hydraulic unit channels rainwater from the roofs of the filtration module to the third network of pipes. The hydraulic unit comprises a conduit conveying the rainwater from roofs of the filtration module to the biodiversity area. A second storage tank receives filtered water output from of the filtration module.

Description

The present invention relates to a water recycling plant. A built-up area conventionally includes buildings and covered spaces such as roads, terraces and car parks. Each building has a roof from which the so-called roofing water flows.

Each building also produces so-called gray wastewater and so-called black wastewater. Gray wastewater consists of water with low pollutant content, eg water from domestic sources, resulting from washing clothes, hands, baths and showers.

Black sewage consists of water containing various substances that are more polluting or more difficult to remove, such as faeces, products resulting from washing dishes, or any type of industrial by-product mixed with water. Downstream of each covered space flows from so-called runoff rainwater which is generally charged with suspended solids, hydrocarbons and heavy metals. Currently, stormwater roofing and runoff use the same pipelines and are directed to a buffer pond and separator before being discharged to the natural environment. Similarly, gray and black wastewater uses the same pipelines and is directed to a treatment plant before being discharged to the natural environment. Such water management has many disadvantages because it does not generate any water recycling, especially short-circuit, which is detrimental both in financial terms and in ecological terms. An object of the present invention is to provide a water recycling plant which does not have the disadvantages of the prior art and which allows better water management especially in ecological terms. For this purpose, is proposed a water recycling facility for a constructed zone 30 including covered spaces and buildings with gray wastewater sources, the water recycling plant comprising: - a first network of pipes for channeling gray wastewater from gray wastewater sources, - a second pipe network for channeling rainwater runoff from covered areas, - a wastewater treatment module receiving gray wastewater conveyed by the former. a network of pipes and allowing the filtration of particles and the aerobic treatment with biomass fixed on a support, - a first ecological unit of the valley type with a vertical filtering mass planted and receiving the gray wastewater from the purification module, - a second ecological unit different from the first ecological unit and which is of the knot type with a vertical filter bed planted and receiving rainwater runoff discharged by the second network of pipes, - a biodiversity area receiving water from the first ecological unit and the second ecological unit and taking the form of a flow channel that forms an expansion zone for water and the bottom of which is planted with scrubbing plants allowing phytoremediation, - a first storage basin receiving water from the biodiversity zone, - a hygienisation unit receiving water from the first basin storage and for treating water to reduce to an undetectable level the presence of all pathogenic microorganisms, - a third network of pipes for channeling water from the sanitizing unit to points of arrival of non-food and non-bodily water from the constructed area. Advantageously, the water recycling installation further comprises: a fourth pipe network for channeling rainwater from building roofs; a filtration module receiving the rainwater from roofs conveyed by the fourth pipe network; and hydraulic means for channeling rainwater from roofs from the filtration module to the third pipe network.

According to a particular embodiment, the hydraulic means consist of a seventh pipe which routes rainwater from roofs from the filtration module to the biodiversity zone.

According to another particular embodiment, the hydraulic means consist of a seventh pipe which conveys the rainwater from roofs from the filtration module to the hygienization unit. According to another particular embodiment, the hydraulic means consist of a seventh pipe, a second storage basin which receives the filtered water from the filtration module through the seventh pipe, and an eighth pipe which routes the rainwater from roofs from the second storage tank to the hygienization unit. The characteristics of the invention mentioned above, as well as others, will appear more clearly on reading the following description of an exemplary embodiment, said description being made with reference to FIG. unique which represents a short loop water recycling installation according to the invention. Fig. unique shows a water recycling plant 100 for a built-up area 50.

Constructed area 50 includes buildings 52 and covered spaces 54. Each building 52 includes gray wastewater sources 56 and black wastewater sources 58. The black wastewater is collected by specific pipelines 62 that conduct the wastewater. black wastewater to an appropriate treatment plant.

The recycling facility 100 comprises: - a first pipe network 104 which channels the gray waste water from the gray waste water sources 56, and - a second pipe network 106 which channels the rainwater runoff from the covered spaces 54.

The recycling plant 100 also comprises a purification module 114 which receives the gray wastewater conveyed by the first pipe network 104. The purification module 114 makes it possible in particular to filter the coarse particles, possibly using a primary screen, and an aerobic biomass treatment fixed on a support. The support makes it possible to retain the organic materials which are then consumed by the microorganisms. The recycling plant 100 also includes a first ecological unit 116 which receives the gray wastewater from the purification module 114 and conveyed by a first pipe 118.

The first ecological unit 116 is of the vertical filtering type planted with macrophytes, and performs the function of depollution. The gray wastewater is discharged through the first channel 118 above the filter bed and percolate through it to be treated.

The depollution is done by passing through the filtering mass. The recycling facility 100 also comprises a second ecological unit 124 different from the first ecological unit 116 and which is of the valley type with a vertical filtering mass planted with macrophytes, and combines the functions of storage, regulation and depollution.

The second ecological unit 124 is dimensioned with respect to flow rates / volumes run on the surfaces waterproofed during the reference rain event (decadal, vingtenal, ...), while the first ecological unit 116 is dimensioned on the daily surface gray water discharged, ie 50% of the wastewater produced by the zone.

Stormwater runoff is discharged by the second network of pipes 106 above the filter bed and sink through it to be treated. The depollution is done on the filtering mass. The hydrocarbons are then transformed and assimilated by the bacteria that live in the rhizosphere. Heavy metals are trapped in the rhizosphere by oxidation from gas exchange. The regulation is carried out thanks to the control of the filtration speed of the water within the filtering mass according to Darcy's law, which indicates that this speed is a function of the permeability coefficient of the material to saturation, for a section and a load data.

The storage takes place in the upper part of the valley, that is to say above the filtering mass. The recycling facility 100 also includes a biodiversity zone 120 for improving the treatment of the water it receives. The gray wastewater from the first ecological unit 116 is conveyed to the biodiversity zone 120 by a second pipe 122. The rainwater runoff from the second ecological unit 124 is conveyed to the biodiversity zone 120 by a third pipeline 126.

The biodiversity zone 120 takes the form of a flow channel which forms an expansion zone for the waters and whose bottom is planted with scrubbing plants allowing phytoremediation as well as hygrophilous or mesohygrophilous marsh plants. Preferably, the channel contains boulders of medium size that favor the appearance of benthic fauna and / or aquatic vegetation. Water from the second pipe 122 and the third pipe 126 are poured over the bottom and sink through it for processing.

By way of example, the mesohygrophilous plants are chosen from the following plants: Agrostis tenuis, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus pratensis, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Cynosurus cristatus, Dactylis glomerata, Deschampsia caespitosa, Festuca rubra commutata, Festuca rubra rubra, Festuca pratensis, Holcus lanatus , Lolium perenne, Poa pratensis, Poa trivialis, Lychnis flos cuculi, Salix atrocinerea, Salix viminalis, Salix alba, Fraxinus excelsior, Alnus glutinosa, Quercus pedunculata. By way of example, the hygrophilous plants are chosen from the following plants: Phalaris arundinacea, Agrostis stolonifera, Alopecurus pratensis, Festuca arundinacea, Iris pseudacorus, Carex paniculata, Glyceria maxima, Juncus effusus, Lysimachia vulgaris, Phragmites australis, Mentha aquatica.

By way of example, the purifying plants are chosen from the following plants: Phragmites australis, Typha latifolia, Typha angustifolia, Salix atrocinerea, Salix viminalis, Scirpus lacustris, Iris pseudacorus. The recycling facility 100 also includes a first storage pond 128 which can be both an outdoor basin and a closed tank that receives the water from the biodiversity zone 120 and conveyed by a fourth pipe 130. From the spaces covered 54 and gray wastewater sources 56 and up to the first storage pond 128, the flow of water is by gravity, but if the terrain does not allow, hydraulic pumps can be put in place.

The recycling plant 100 also comprises a hygienization unit 136 which receives the water from the first storage tank 128 and conveyed by a fifth pipe 134. The hygienization unit 136 makes it possible to treat the water by physical processes or to reduce to an undetectable level the presence of all pathogenic microorganisms. The hygienization unit 136 preferably consists of a filter having a screen, for example at 20 μm, a sieve at 5 μm and a means for treatment by chlorination or UVC sterilization of the waters which cross it.

The recycling plant 100 also includes a third pipe network 146 which transfers the water from the hygienisation unit 136 to the water inlet points 60 of the constructed zone 50 and in particular to the buildings 52. water supply points 60 are the points that supply buildings 52 with water for non-food and non-body use, examples of which are toilet tanks, washing clothes, watering, washing the floors. , the washing of vehicles, the process water does not need to be drinkable. As before, if the ground does not allow the flow of water by gravity, hydraulic pumps 142 can be placed along the fifth pipe 134 and / or the sixth pipe 140.

Such a recycling facility 100 makes it possible to recycle gray wastewater and rainwater runoff water intended for non-food and non-bodily uses and thereby save drinking water resources. To also recycle the rainwater from roofs, the water recycling installation 100 also includes a fourth pipe network 102 which channels the rainwater from roofs from the roofs of buildings 52. The recycling installation 100 also includes a module filter 108 which receives the rainwater roofs conveyed by the fourth network of pipes 102 and which filters the rainwater from roofs in order to obtain, in output, waters in accordance with the legislation in force.

The filtration module 108 preferably comprises a self-cleaning, anti-clogging filter, and the impurities thus harvested are discharged to the specific ducts 62. The self-cleaning filter takes for example the form of a filter screen, with a mesh size of between 200. i.tm and 500 i.tm and positioned in a slope at about 20 ° A. This arrangement allows, during the first 2 to 3 minutes of rain to remove impurities (leaves, twigs, dust, pollution of the roof and the atmosphere) to the specific pipes 62 by colloid formation. When the screen is moistened, it becomes permeable and rainwater from roofs can be collected. By the presence of the slope, the self-cleaning filter can not clog and any significant rain will cause a flow to clean the impurities. The recycling installation 100 also includes hydraulic means for channeling rainwater from roofs from the filtration module 108 to the third pipe network 146. According to a first embodiment of the invention, the hydraulic means consist of a seventh pipe 112 which conveys the rainwater from roofs from the filtration module 108 to the biodiversity zone 120. According to a second embodiment of the invention, the hydraulic means consist of a seventh pipe 112 which conveys the rainwater from roofs from the filtration module 108 to the hygienization unit 136. According to a third embodiment of the invention, the hydraulic means consist of a seventh pipe 112, a second storage tank 110 which receives the filtered water from the filtration module 108 by the seventh pipe 112, and an eighth analization 144 which carries rainwater roofs from the second storage tank 110 to the hygienization unit 136. The second storage tank 110 may be both an outdoor basin and a closed tank.

From the roofs to the second storage tank 110 the flow of water is preferably carried out by gravity, but if the ground does not allow it, hydraulic pumps can be put in place. According to a fourth embodiment, the treated gray water from the biological filter 116 is directed to the hygienization unit 136, in particular for individual units. In order to save energy, a heat exchanger is disposed on the first pipe network 104. This heat exchanger makes it possible to recover the calories transported by the gray wastewater and transfer them to the sanitary water to produce the heat. domestic hot water of buildings 52.

In the embodiment of the invention presented here, there is only one building and one space covered, but the invention applies in the same way for several of these elements, the different piping networks 102, 104, 106 and 146 then extending between the various elements of the water recycling plant 100.

Of course, the present invention is not limited to the examples and embodiments described and shown, but it is capable of numerous variants accessible to those skilled in the art. For example, each pipe network 102, 104, 106 and each pipe are more particularly described as consisting of closed pipes, but it can also be open-type pipes noues.

Claims (5)

CLAIMS1) Water recycling plant (100) for a constructed area (50) including covered spaces (54) and buildings (52) having gray wastewater sources (56), the recycling facility of water (100) comprising: - a first pipe network (104) for channeling gray wastewater from gray wastewater sources (56), - a second pipe network (106) for channeling rainwater from runoff from the covered spaces (54), - a purification module (114) receiving the gray wastewater conveyed by the first network of pipes (104) and allowing the filtration of particles and the aerobic treatment with biomass fixed on a support, a first ecological unit (116) of the valley type with a vertical filtering mass planted and receiving the gray wastewater from the purification unit (114); a second ecological unit (124) different from the first unit; ecological (116) and which is of the valley type with a vertical filtering massif planted and which receives the rainwater runoff discharged by the second network of pipes (106), - a biodiversity zone (120) receiving the water from the first ecological unit (116) and the second ecological unit (124) and in the form of a flow channel which forms an expansion zone for water and whose bottom is planted with purification plants for phytoremediation, - a first storage pond (128) receiving water from the biodiversity area (120), - a hygienisation unit (136) receiving water from the first storage pond (128) and intended to treat water to reduce at a non-detectable level the presence of all the pathogenic micro-organisms, - a third piping network (146) for channeling water from the hygienisation unit (136) to water inlet points ( 60) for non-food and non-body use of the constructed area (50). 2) water recycling plant (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises: - a fourth network of pipes (102) for channeling the rainwater roofs of buildings (52), - a filtration module (108) receiving rainwater from roofs conveyed by the fourth pipe network (102), and - hydraulic means for channeling rainwater from roofs from the filtration module (108) to the third network of pipes pipes (146). 3) water recycling plant (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that the hydraulic means consist of a seventh pipe (112) which carries rainwater roofs from the filtration module (108) to to the biodiversity area (120). 4) water recycling plant (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that the hydraulic means consist of a seventh pipe (112) which carries rainwater roofs from the filtration module (108) to to the hygienization unit (136). 5) water recycling plant (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that the hydraulic means consist of a seventh pipe (112), a second storage tank (110) which receives the filtered water from the filtration module (108) through the seventh pipe (112), and an eighth pipe (144) which conveys rainwater from roofs from the second storage pond (110) to the sanitizing unit ( 136).