FR2986744A1 - Battery system for supplying power to electric traction machine of e.g. hybrid car, has circuits including air inlets, where each battery module includes distinct air and fluid outlets that are connected individually on inlets - Google Patents

Battery system for supplying power to electric traction machine of e.g. hybrid car, has circuits including air inlets, where each battery module includes distinct air and fluid outlets that are connected individually on inlets Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2986744A1
FR2986744A1 FR1251287A FR1251287A FR2986744A1 FR 2986744 A1 FR2986744 A1 FR 2986744A1 FR 1251287 A FR1251287 A FR 1251287A FR 1251287 A FR1251287 A FR 1251287A FR 2986744 A1 FR2986744 A1 FR 2986744A1
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France
Prior art keywords
battery system
modules
cooling air
plate
inlets
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Granted
Application number
FR1251287A
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French (fr)
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FR2986744B1 (en
Inventor
Nicolas Salvat
Guillaume Cherouvrier
Didier Selaquet
Thierry Campanella
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PSA Automobiles SA
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Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA
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Priority to FR1251287A priority Critical patent/FR2986744B1/en
Publication of FR2986744A1 publication Critical patent/FR2986744A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of FR2986744B1 publication Critical patent/FR2986744B1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6561—Gases
    • H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/271—Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
    • B60K11/06—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with air cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/003—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/005—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units the electric storage means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0405—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion characterised by their position
    • B60K2001/0438—Arrangement under the floor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/66—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells
    • H01M10/663—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells the system being an air-conditioner or an engine
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

The system (1) has a support for forming a plate (2) receiving battery modules equipped with electrochemical cells in top of the plate. A cooler circulates air in the modules, and the cells include, on its walls, covers for ejecting pressurized apart. The plate comprises two separate circuits for cooling air circulation and evacuation of the ejected fluids. The circuits include air inlets (8), where each module has distinct air outlets (14) and fluid outlets that are connected individually on the inlets of the circuits.

Description

SYSTEME DE BATTERIES DE VEHICULE, DISPOSANT D'UN SUPPORT FORMANT UN PLATEAU La présente invention concerne un système de batteries pour véhicule automobile, ainsi qu'un véhicule hybride ou électrique équipé d'un tel système. Les véhicules hybrides ou électriques comportent généralement des accumulateurs d'énergie comprenant des cellules électrochimiques, appelés par la suite batteries, qui peuvent être réalisés suivant différentes technologies connues. Suivant la technologie, ces batteries peuvent nécessiter un système de refroidissement pour assurer les performances, la durée de vie ainsi que la sécurité. En particulier les cellules au lithium-ion disposant d'une forte densité d'énergie en fonction de la masse, nécessitent un suivi important de leurs conditions de fonctionnement, comme la tension ou la température, et un système de refroidissement pour les maintenir dans une plage de température réduite. Par ailleurs suivant la technologie utilisée, en cas de forte élévation accidentelle de la température, les cellules peuvent émettre une quantité importante de gaz chauds ou de liquides sous pression, qui sont toxiques ou inflammables. Afin de limiter les risques, on dispose sur la paroi de chaque cellule un opercule fermant le volume intérieur, qui forme une soupape de sécurité s'ouvrant quand la pression interne est trop forte, pour libérer le fluide ou les gaz vers une sortie ne comportant pas de risque. A titre d'exemple, un accumulateur au lithium-ion qui surchauffe peut libérer brutalement un volume important de gaz comprenant de l'hydrogène, du monoxyde d'azote, du dioxyde d'azote ou du méthane, à une température maximum de 450°C. The present invention relates to a battery system for a motor vehicle, and to a hybrid or electric vehicle equipped with such a system. Hybrid or electric vehicles generally comprise energy accumulators comprising electrochemical cells, hereinafter referred to as batteries, which can be produced using various known technologies. Depending on the technology, these batteries may require a cooling system to ensure performance, service life and safety. In particular lithium-ion cells having a high energy density as a function of the mass, require a significant monitoring of their operating conditions, such as voltage or temperature, and a cooling system to maintain them in a reduced temperature range. In addition, depending on the technology used, in the event of a high accidental rise in temperature, the cells can emit a large quantity of hot gases or pressurized liquids, which are toxic or flammable. In order to limit the risks, there is placed on the wall of each cell a lid closing the internal volume, which forms a safety valve opening when the internal pressure is too high, to release the fluid or gases to an outlet having no no risk. For example, an overheating lithium-ion battery can suddenly release a large volume of gas comprising hydrogen, nitrogen monoxide, nitrogen dioxide or methane at a maximum temperature of 450 ° C. vs.

Afin d'assurer le refroidissement des cellules, on utilise en particulier pour des raisons de coût, un système de refroidissement comportant un flux d'air frais pulsé, qui représente une solution économique. Un tel type de système de refroidissement connu pour un véhicule hybride, présenté notamment par le document JP-A-2006182264, utilise un flux d'air frais prélevé dans l'habitacle, qui traverse les batteries par un premier circuit d'air contournant les cellules afin de les refroidir, pour déboucher ensuite dans l'atmosphère. Un deuxième circuit indépendant relié aux différents opercules des cellules, débouche dans la ligne d'échappement du moteur thermique afin de conduire les fluides s'échappant en cas de problème sur ces cellules. Un autre système de système de refroidissement, présenté notamment par le document US-A1-2011/0027632, comporte un flux d'air frais pulsé qui est utilisé à la fois pour refroidir les cellules, et pour chasser un éventuel jet de gaz sortant de ces cellules. Toutefois, ces systèmes de refroidissement ne présentent pas de solution simple et économique pour réaliser de manière séparée les circuits des différents flux, notamment dans le cas de l'assemblage de modules similaires comportant les batteries. In order to ensure the cooling of the cells, a cooling system comprising a pulsed fresh air flow, which represents an economical solution, is used in particular for cost reasons. Such type of known cooling system for a hybrid vehicle, presented in particular by the document JP-A-2006182264, uses a fresh air flow taken from the passenger compartment, which passes through the batteries by a first air circuit bypassing the cells in order to cool them, then to open into the atmosphere. A second independent circuit connected to the various caps of the cells, opens into the exhaust line of the engine to drive the escaping fluids in case of problems on these cells. Another cooling system system, presented in particular in the document US-A1-2011 / 0027632, comprises a pulsed fresh air flow which is used both to cool the cells, and to chase any gas jet coming out of these cells. However, these cooling systems do not present a simple and economical solution for separately producing the circuits of the different flows, particularly in the case of the assembly of similar modules comprising the batteries.

La présente invention a notamment pour but d'éviter ces inconvénients de la technique antérieure. Elle propose à cet effet un système de batteries de véhicule, disposant d'un support formant un plateau recevant dessus des modules de batteries équipés de cellules électrochimiques, comportant un dispositif de refroidissement faisant circuler de l'air dans ces modules, ces cellules comprenant sur leurs parois des opercules permettant d'éjecter en dehors des fluides sous pression, caractérisé en ce que le plateau comporte deux circuits séparés pour la circulation de l'air de refroidissement et pour l'évacuation des fluides éjectés, comprenant chacun des entrées, chaque module disposant de sorties distinctes pour cet air et pour ces fluides, se raccordant individuellement sur des entrées de ces deux circuits. The present invention is intended to avoid these disadvantages of the prior art. It proposes for this purpose a vehicle battery system, having a support forming a tray receiving on top of the battery modules equipped with electrochemical cells, comprising a cooling device circulating air in these modules, these cells comprising on their walls of the lids for ejecting outside fluids under pressure, characterized in that the plate has two separate circuits for the circulation of cooling air and for the evacuation of the ejected fluids, each comprising inputs, each module having separate outputs for this air and for these fluids, connecting individually to inputs of these two circuits.

Un avantage de ce système de batteries, est que grâce aux sorties distinctes des modules, se raccordant individuellement sur des entrées pour alimenter les deux circuits séparés, on obtient une sécurité en séparant nettement ces deux circuits, et une grande flexibilité de montage des modules sur le plateau, qui permet de réaliser facilement et de manière économique différentes configurations d'assemblage. Le système de batteries selon l'invention peut de plus comporter une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes, qui peuvent être combinées entre elles. An advantage of this battery system is that thanks to the separate outputs of the modules, individually connected to inputs to supply the two separate circuits, security is achieved by clearly separating these two circuits, and a great flexibility of mounting modules on the tray, which allows to easily and economically achieve different assembly configurations. The battery system according to the invention may further comprise one or more of the following features, which may be combined with one another.

Avantageusement, la jonction entre les sorties d'air de refroidissement et de fluides éjectés, et les entrées des circuits, comportent un joint d'étanchéité. Avantageusement, les sorties d'air de refroidissement et de fluides éjectés se trouvent sous la face inférieure d'une base des modules, qui repose sur le plateau. En particulier, chaque module peut comporter une unique sortie d'air de refroidissement, et une unique sortie de fluides éjectés. Avantageusement, les entrées d'air de refroidissement et de fluides éjectés sont réalisées sur deux types de collecteurs distincts, disposés sensiblement dans l'épaisseur du plateau. Selon un mode de réalisation, les modules sont disposés de manière symétrique sur le plateau, par rapport à un axe de symétrie principal. En particulier, les collecteurs peuvent comporter une forme allongée, disposée suivant une direction sensiblement parallèle à l'axe de symétrie. Advantageously, the junction between the cooling air and ejected fluid outlets, and the inputs of the circuits, comprise a seal. Advantageously, the cooling air and ejected fluid outlets are located under the lower face of a base of the modules, which rests on the plate. In particular, each module may comprise a single cooling air outlet, and a single output of ejected fluids. Advantageously, the cooling air and ejected fluid inlets are made on two different types of collectors arranged substantially in the thickness of the plate. According to one embodiment, the modules are arranged symmetrically on the plate, with respect to a main axis of symmetry. In particular, the collectors may comprise an elongated shape, arranged in a direction substantially parallel to the axis of symmetry.

Les modules peuvent comporter une forme allongée disposée suivant une direction transversale par rapport à l'axe de symétrie, chaque module comprenant à son extrémité tournée vers cet axe, un ventilateur pour la circulation de l'air de refroidissement. Avantageusement, les modules sont assemblés par groupes de 30 modules accolés entre eux, chacun de ces groupes étant couvert par un capot comprenant une d'entrée d'air de refroidissement de ces modules. The modules may comprise an elongated shape arranged in a direction transverse to the axis of symmetry, each module comprising at its end facing this axis, a fan for the circulation of cooling air. Advantageously, the modules are assembled in groups of 30 modules contiguous to each other, each of these groups being covered by a cover comprising a cooling air inlet of these modules.

L'invention a aussi pour objet un véhicule automobile hybride ou électrique comprenant un système de batteries pour alimenter une machine électrique de traction, comportant l'une quelconque des caractéristiques précédentes. The invention also relates to a hybrid or electric motor vehicle comprising a battery system for powering an electric traction machine, having any of the preceding characteristics.

L'invention sera mieux comprise et d'autres caractéristiques et avantages apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture de la description ci-après donnée à titre d'exemple et de manière non limitative, en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels : - la figure 1 est une vue d'un système de batteries de véhicule selon 10 l'invention, comportant des modules posés sur un plateau, qui sont recouverts par des capots ; - la figure 2 est une vue de ce système de batteries sans les capots ; - la figure 3 est une vue de dessous des modules seuls ; et - la figure 4 est une vue du plateau seul. 15 Les figures 1 et 2 présentent un système de batteries 1 pour alimenter une machine électrique de traction d'un véhicule automobile électrique ou hybride, comportant un support formant un plateau 2 d'épaisseur réduite, recevant dessus des modules de batteries indépendants 4 disposés dans un même plan, suivant deux rangés symétriques par rapport à un axe principal 20 de ce système. Chaque rangée de modules 4 comporte des groupes de deux ou trois modules accolés entre eux, chacun de ces groupes étant couvert par un capot 10 comprenant sur le dessus une grille d'entrée d'air de refroidissement 8 de ces modules. Avantageusement, les entrées d'air 8 sont 25 prévues pour recevoir l'air de l'habitacle du véhicule, qui peut être climatisé, ce qui permet de disposer d'un air plus froid quand le la température de l'air extérieur est élevée. Les modules 4 sont tous similaires, comportant une forme parallélépipédique allongée suivant une direction transversale par rapport à 30 l'axe de symétrie. Chaque module 4 comporte une base plane 20, recevant 2 986 744 5 au dessus une série de cellules électrochimiques de forme cylindrique, disposées debout. Chacun des modules 4 comporte à son extrémité tournée vers l'axe de symétrie du système de batteries 1, un ventilateur 6 prélevant de l'air frais 5 sous le capot 10 de son groupe de modules, pour le faire circuler autour des différents éléments électrochimiques de ce module. L'air de refroidissement sort ensuite du module par une sortie d'air 12, qui se trouve en dessous du ventilateur 6. La figure 3 présente la face inférieure plane de la base 20 des modules 4, comportant la sortie d'air de refroidissement 12 qui se trouve sensiblement dans le plan de cette face inférieure. La partie inférieure de la paroi de chaque cellule électrochimique d'un module 4, comporte un opercule qui est reliée avec une étanchéité à un canal interne réalisé dans la base 20 de ce module. Le canal interne débouche sur une unique sortie de fluides 22 se trouvant sous la face inférieure de la base 12, pour permettre en cas de problèmes d'une ou plusieurs cellules d'évacuer des fluides sous pression éjectés hors du module 4. La figure 4 présente le plateau 2 comportant de chaque côté de son axe principal de symétrie, et parallèlement à cet axe, une rangée d'entrées d'air de refroidissement 30 tournées vers le haut, qui sont disposées sur un collecteur d'air plat 32 réalisé dans l'épaisseur de ce plateau, comportant une forme allongée suivant la rangée d'entrées. Le plateau 2 comporte aussi de chaque côté, à l'extérieur du collecteur d'air de refroidissement 32 par rapport à l'axe de symétrie, et parallèlement à cet axe, une rangée d'entrées de fluides 36 tournées vers le haut, qui sont disposées sur un collecteur de fluides plat 34 réalisé dans l'épaisseur de ce plateau, comportant de la même manière une forme allongée suivant la rangée d'entrées. The invention will be better understood and other features and advantages will appear more clearly on reading the following description given by way of example and in a nonlimiting manner, with reference to the appended drawings, in which: FIG. a view of a vehicle battery system according to the invention, comprising modules placed on a tray, which are covered by covers; FIG. 2 is a view of this battery system without the covers; FIG. 3 is a view from below of the modules alone; and - Figure 4 is a view of the plate alone. FIGS. 1 and 2 show a battery system 1 for powering an electric traction machine of an electric or hybrid motor vehicle, comprising a support forming a plate 2 of reduced thickness, receiving on it independent battery modules 4 arranged in the same plane, following two rows symmetrical with respect to a main axis 20 of this system. Each row of modules 4 comprises groups of two or three modules joined together, each of these groups being covered by a cover 10 comprising on the top a cooling air inlet grille 8 of these modules. Advantageously, the air inlets 8 are designed to receive air from the passenger compartment of the vehicle, which can be conditioned, which makes it possible to have colder air when the temperature of the outside air is high. . The modules 4 are all similar, having an elongated parallelepipedal shape in a direction transverse to the axis of symmetry. Each module 4 comprises a planar base 20, receiving above a series of cylindrical electrochemical cells arranged upright. Each of the modules 4 has at its end facing the axis of symmetry of the battery system 1, a fan 6 collecting fresh air 5 under the cover 10 of its group of modules, to circulate around the various electrochemical elements of this module. The cooling air then leaves the module via an air outlet 12, which is located below the fan 6. FIG. 3 shows the flat bottom face of the base 20 of the modules 4, including the cooling air outlet. 12 which is substantially in the plane of this lower face. The lower part of the wall of each electrochemical cell of a module 4 comprises a cap which is connected with a seal to an internal channel made in the base 20 of this module. The internal channel opens on a single fluid outlet 22 located under the bottom face of the base 12, to allow in case of problems of one or more cells to evacuate pressurized fluids ejected from the module 4. Figure 4 has the plate 2 having on each side of its main axis of symmetry, and parallel to this axis, a row of upwardly facing cooling air inlets 30, which are arranged on a flat air collector 32 made in the thickness of this plate, having an elongate shape according to the row of entries. The plate 2 also has on each side, outside the cooling air collector 32 with respect to the axis of symmetry, and parallel to this axis, a row of fluid inlets 36 facing upwards, which are arranged on a flat fluid collector 34 made in the thickness of this plate, in the same way having an elongate shape according to the row of entries.

Lors de l'assemblage du système de batteries 1, on dépose et fixe les modules 4 sur le plateau 2, ce qui aligne la sortie d'air de refroidissement 12 et la sortie de fluides 22 de la face inférieure de chaque base 20 de module, sur une entrée correspondante 30, 36 de chacun des collecteurs 32, 34 du plateau. La jonction entre les sorties d'air de refroidissement 12 et de fluides éjectés 22, et les entrées des collecteurs 32, 34, comporte un joint qui assure lors de cet assemblage, une étanchéité entre la base 20 et ces collecteurs permettant de conduire les fluides vers l'extérieur sans fuite. Les deux collecteurs d'air de refroidissement 32 disposés de chaque côté de l'axe de symétrie du plateau 2, ont une extrémité reliée à une sortie commune d'air de refroidissement 14, qui refoule l'air chaud propulsé par les ventilateurs 6 des modules 4, vers l'atmosphère. Chaque collecteur de fluide 34 disposé parallèlement à l'axe de symétrie, comporte sa propre sortie 38 tournée vers l'extérieur, permettant d'évacuer en cas de problème des fluides sous pression expulsés hors des cellules électrochimiques des modules 4, dans des directions où ils ne risquent pas de causer d'incident. On peut réaliser avec ce système de batteries 1 un assemblage rapide, la mise en place des modules 4 sur le plateau 2 assurant en même temps les deux raccordements vers les deux collecteurs de fluides 32, 34 avec une bonne étanchéité. During the assembly of the battery system 1, the modules 4 are deposited and fixed on the plate 2, which aligns the cooling air outlet 12 and the fluid outlet 22 of the lower face of each module base 20. , on a corresponding input 30, 36 of each of the collectors 32, 34 of the tray. The junction between the cooling air outlets 12 and the ejected fluids 22, and the inlet of the collectors 32, 34, comprises a seal which ensures, during this assembly, a seal between the base 20 and these collectors for conducting the fluids. outward without leakage. The two cooling air collectors 32 arranged on each side of the axis of symmetry of the plate 2, have one end connected to a common cooling air outlet 14, which delivers the hot air propelled by the fans 6 of the modules 4, to the atmosphere. Each fluid manifold 34 disposed parallel to the axis of symmetry, has its own outlet 38 facing outwards, to evacuate in case of problem pressurized fluids expelled from the electrochemical cells of the modules 4, in directions where they are not likely to cause an incident. With this battery system 1 can be achieved a rapid assembly, the introduction of the modules 4 on the plate 2 ensuring at the same time the two connections to the two fluid manifolds 32, 34 with a good seal.

De plus les collecteurs 32, 34 disposés à plat sous les modules 4 sont simples et peu encombrants, et garantissent une bonne séparation de l'air de refroidissement, des fluides éjectés des cellules électrochimiques qui peuvent être dangereux. On peut avantageusement grâce à cette séparation, prélever l'air de refroidissement dans l'habitacle du véhicule sans risquer d'intoxiquer les passagers. Le système de batteries suivant l'invention peut être utilisé avantageusement avec des accumulateurs au lithium-ion, mais aussi avec tous types de cellules électrochimiques susceptibles d'éjecter des fluides. In addition the collectors 32, 34 arranged flat under the modules 4 are simple and compact, and ensure a good separation of the cooling air, fluids ejected electrochemical cells that can be dangerous. It is advantageously thanks to this separation, take the cooling air in the passenger compartment of the vehicle without risking intoxicating passengers. The battery system according to the invention can be used advantageously with lithium-ion accumulators, but also with all types of electrochemical cells capable of ejecting fluids.

Claims (10)

REVENDICATIONS1 - Système de batteries de véhicule, disposant d'un support formant un plateau (2) recevant dessus des modules de batteries (4) équipés de cellules électrochimiques, comportant un dispositif de refroidissement (6) faisant circuler de l'air dans ces modules, ces cellules comprenant sur leurs parois des opercules permettant d'éjecter en dehors des fluides sous pression, caractérisé en ce que le plateau (2) comporte deux circuits séparés (32, 34) pour la circulation de l'air de refroidissement et pour l'évacuation des fluides éjectés, comprenant chacun des entrées (30, 36), chaque module disposant de sorties distinctes pour cet air (12) et pour ces fluides (22), se raccordant individuellement sur les entrées de ces deux circuits. CLAIMS1 - Vehicle battery system, having a support forming a plate (2) receiving on top of the battery modules (4) equipped with electrochemical cells, comprising a cooling device (6) circulating air in these modules , these cells comprising on their walls covers for ejecting outside pressurized fluids, characterized in that the plate (2) comprises two separate circuits (32, 34) for the circulation of cooling air and for the evacuation ejected fluids, each comprising inputs (30, 36), each module having separate outputs for this air (12) and for these fluids (22), individually connected to the inputs of these two circuits. 2 - Système de batteries selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la jonction entre les sorties d'air de refroidissement (12) et de fluides éjectés (22), et les entrées (30, 36) des circuits (32, 34), comportent un joint d'étanchéité. 2 - battery system according to claim 1, characterized in that the junction between the cooling air outlets (12) and ejected fluids (22), and the inputs (30, 36) of the circuits (32, 34). , have a seal. 3 - Système de batteries selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les sorties d'air de refroidissement (12) et de fluides éjectés (22) se trouvent sous la face inférieure d'une base (12) des modules (4), qui repose sur le plateau (2). 3 - battery system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cooling air outlets (12) and ejected fluids (22) are located under the underside of a base (12) of the modules (4). ), which rests on the plate (2). 4 - Système de batteries selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que chaque module (4) comporte une unique sortie d'air de refroidissement (12), et une unique sortie de fluides éjectés (22). 4 - battery system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each module (4) comprises a single cooling air outlet (12), and a single output of ejected fluids (22). 5 - Système de batteries selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les entrées d'air de refroidissement (30) et de fluides éjectés (36) sont réalisées sur deux types de collecteurs (32, 34) distincts, disposés sensiblement dans l'épaisseur du plateau (2). 5 - battery system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cooling air inlets (30) and ejected fluids (36) are formed on two different types of collectors (32, 34) arranged substantially in the thickness of the plate (2). 6 - Système de batteries selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les modules (4) sont disposés demanière symétrique sur le plateau (2), par rapport à un axe de symétrie principal. 6 - Battery system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the modules (4) are arranged symmetrically on the plate (2), with respect to a main axis of symmetry. 7 - Système de batteries selon les revendications 5 et 6, caractérisé en ce que les collecteurs (32, 34) comportent une forme allongée, disposée suivant une direction sensiblement parallèle à l'axe de symétrie. 7 - battery system according to claims 5 and 6, characterized in that the collectors (32, 34) comprise an elongate shape disposed in a direction substantially parallel to the axis of symmetry. 8 - Système de batteries selon la revendication 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce que les modules (4) comportent une forme allongée disposée suivant une direction transversale par rapport à l'axe de symétrie, chaque module comprenant à son extrémité tournée vers cet axe, un ventilateur (6) pour la circulation de l'air de refroidissement. 8 - battery system according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the modules (4) comprise an elongate shape disposed in a direction transverse to the axis of symmetry, each module comprising at its end facing this axis, a fan (6) for the circulation of the cooling air. 9 - Système de batteries selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les modules (4) sont assemblés par groupes de modules accolés entre eux, chacun de ces groupes étant couvert par un capot (10) comprenant une entrée d'air de refroidissement (8) de ces modules. 9 - battery system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the modules (4) are assembled in groups of modules contiguous to each other, each of these groups being covered by a cover (10) comprising an input of cooling air (8) of these modules. 10 - Véhicule automobile hybride ou électrique comprenant un système de batteries (1) pour alimenter une machine électrique de traction, caractérisé en ce que ce système est réalisé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes.20 10 - Hybrid or electric motor vehicle comprising a battery system (1) for powering an electric traction machine, characterized in that said system is made according to any one of the preceding claims.
FR1251287A 2012-02-10 2012-02-10 VEHICLE BATTERY SYSTEM HAVING A TRAY FORMING A TRAY Expired - Fee Related FR2986744B1 (en)

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