FR2976282A1 - Installation, useful for treating water, comprises tank containing water, device to blow air into tank, absorption refrigeration machine, and equipment area in which air blowing device is mounted, where machine comprises condenser - Google Patents

Abstract

The water treatment installation comprises a tank (2) containing water, a device (4) for blowing air into the tank, an absorption refrigeration machine (8), and an equipment area (22) in which the air blowing device is mounted. The absorption refrigeration machine comprises: a concentrator (24) comprising a first circuit arranged for capturing calories from the air at an outlet of the air blowing device and for transferring the calories to a composition having a sorbent and a cooling fluid so as to cause vaporization of a part of the cooling fluid; and a condenser (24). The water treatment installation comprises a tank (2) containing water, a device (4) for blowing air into the tank, an absorption refrigeration machine (8), and an equipment area (22) in which the air blowing device is mounted. The absorption refrigeration machine comprises: a concentrator (24) comprising a first circuit arranged for capturing calories from the air at an outlet of the air blowing device and for transferring the calories to a composition having a sorbent and a cooling fluid so as to cause vaporization of a part of the cooling fluid; a condenser (24) comprising a second circuit arranged for capturing the calories from the vaporized cooling fluid so as to cause liquefaction and to disperse the calories to the tank; an evaporator (26) comprising a third circuit arranged for capturing the calories from the air at an inlet of the air blowing device and to dispose the calories to the condensed cooling fluid so as to cause vaporization; and an absorber or an adsorber containing a sorbent for absorbing or adsorbing the vaporized cooling fluid. The third circuit is arranged for cooling the equipment area. The absorber or adsorber comprises a fourth circuit arranged for capturing the calories released by absorbing or adsorbing the vaporized cooling fluid and for dispersing the calories to the tank so as to heat the water. The fourth circuit is fluidically connected to the second circuit. The first circuit comprises a first heat exchanger for capturing a first portion of the calories from the air at the outlet of the air blowing device. The third circuit comprises a second heat exchanger that is disposed downstream of the first heat exchanger and is arranged for capturing a second portion of the calories from the air at the outlet of the air blowing device. The installation further comprises a device for heat drying the sludge. The second circuit or the fourth circuit is arranged for dispersing a part of the captured calories within the equipment area and the drying device. The tank further comprises a bacterial complex for biological treatment of water. The first, second and third circuits comprise a tube made of a thermally conductive material, and a heat transfer fluid circulating within the tube.

Description

The present invention relates to a water treatment plant. A water treatment installation known from the state of the art comprises a basin containing said water. The installation is equipped with an air blowing device fluidly connected to a diffuser immersed in the basin. The device comprises for example at least one compressor, a turbocharger or an air blower In conditions of use, the air blown by the device has a temperature of the order of 100 ° C. Such a temperature is beneficial for catalyzing biological reactions occurring within the basin. On the other hand, this hot air generates mechanical stresses on the diffuser which it is desirable to limit. On the other hand, under conditions of use, the insufflation device heats up, for example by joule effect. If it is housed in a technical room, it is necessary to refrigerate the room so as to avoid degradation of the component parts of the device by heating. It is already known to equip a technical room with a mechanical compression type refrigerating machine. Such a type of refrigerating machine generates an additional energy consumption which it is desirable to minimize. The invention aims to overcome these disadvantages. The invention thus relates to a water treatment installation comprising: a basin containing said water; and an air blowing device within said basin; characterized in that the plant is equipped with a sorption refrigerating machine comprising: - a concentrator comprising a first circuit arranged to capture the calories of the air at the discharge of the insufflation device and to give these calories to a composition comprising a sorbent and a cooling fluid, so as to cause the vaporization of a portion of the refrigerant fluid; a condenser comprising a second circuit arranged to capture calories from the vaporized coolant, so as to cause its liquefaction, and dissipate these calories, at least in part, within the basin; an evaporator comprising a third circuit arranged to capture the calories of the air at the intake of the insufflation device and to transfer these calories to the condensed refrigerant so as to cause its vaporization; and an absorber or adsorber containing a sorbent for absorbing or adsorbing the vaporized refrigerant. The sorption refrigerating machine is arranged to recover the calories from the air at the discharge of the device, which allows to refrigerate the air blown into the basin. These recovered calories provide the energy necessary for the sorption machine to cool the air at the intake of the insufflation device. Thus, the risk of overheating of the device, and therefore the risk of degradation of the component parts of the device by heating are limited. In addition, the calories formed by the refrigerating machine are dissipated within the basin, and can catalyze the biological reactions implemented. The calories dissipated by the sorption machine are valued. Thus, the sorption refrigerating machine makes it possible to value all the calories captured by the different circuits.

Finally, the sorption refrigeration machine has a virtually zero energy consumption which minimizes the energy consumption of the installation. The installation according to the invention may comprise one or more of the following characteristics.

In one embodiment, the installation comprises a technical room in which is housed the insufflation device, and the third circuit is arranged to refrigerate this room. Advantageously, the absorber or the adsorber comprises a fourth circuit arranged to capture the calories released by the absorption or adsorption of the vaporized refrigerant, by the absorbent or the adsorbent, and dissipate these calories within the pool of to heat said water. The absorption or adsorption being exothermic reactions, by dissipating the calories released by these reactions, the efficiency of the refrigerating machine is improved while increasing the amount of calories dissipated within the basin.

Preferably, the fourth circuit is fluidly connected to the second circuit. According to one characteristic, the first circuit comprises a first heat exchanger for capturing a first portion of the calories of the air at the discharge of the insufflation device; and the third circuit comprises a second heat exchanger, disposed downstream of the first heat exchanger, for capturing a second portion of the calories of the air at the discharge of the insufflation device. Such an arrangement makes it possible to minimize the temperature of the air blown into the pool. Advantageously, the second circuit or the fourth circuit is arranged to dissipate some of the calories captured in a technical room or dwelling so as to heat it. Still advantageously, the plant comprises a device for thermal sludge drying, and the second circuit or the fourth circuit is arranged to dissipate a portion of the calories captured within this device so as to thermally dry said sludge. Thus, the calories dissipated by the second or the fourth circuit are valued. According to one feature, the basin further contains a bacterial complex for carrying out a biological treatment of said water. According to another characteristic, the first, second and third circuits comprise at least one tubular made of a thermally conductive material, and a heat transfer fluid circulating within this tubing. Finally, in its preferred embodiment the refrigerating machine is an absorption refrigerating machine. The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows with reference to the appended schematic drawing showing, by way of nonlimiting example, an embodiment of a water treatment plant according to the invention: Figure 1 is a schematic illustration; and Figure 2 is a partial illustration of an absorption machine 35 equipping the installation of Figure 1.

FIG. 1 illustrates a water treatment installation 1 according to the invention. This installation 1 comprises: - a basin 2 containing water and a bacterial complex for the biological treatment of this water; a device 4 for blowing air into the basin 2; a device 6 for thermal sludge drying; and an absorption refrigerating machine. In the embodiment shown, the device 4 is an air compressor is housed in a technical room 10. This device 4 is connected to an inlet duct 14 leading air to the inlet of the device 4, and an outlet duct 16 conducting the air discharged by the device 4 to a diffuser 12 immersed in the basin 2. The outlet duct 16 comprises a bypass 18 and valves 20 to prohibit, and alternatively allow, the The machine 8 has a concentrator 22, a condenser 24, an evaporator 26, and an absorber. The concentrator 22 contains a composition of an absorbent and a coolant. By way of example, the absorbent comprises lithium bromide and the coolant comprises water. The concentrator 22 is fluidly connected to the condenser 24 via a pipe 32, and to the absorber 28 via a pipe 34. The concentrator 22 comprises a first circuit arranged to capture a portion of the calories from the air at the discharge of the device 4 and to yield These calories to the composition 30 so as to cause the vaporization of a portion of the coolant. For this purpose, the first circuit 36 comprises: a heat exchanger 38 disposed within the outlet duct 16; A tubing 40 of thermally conductive material in which circulates a heat transfer fluid; a pump 42 for driving said coolant. Condenser 24 is fluidly connected to evaporator 26 via line 44. Condenser 24 is maintained at high pressure, i.e., between 1 kPa and 1 kPa.

The condenser 24 comprises a second circuit 46 arranged to capture calories from the refrigerant vaporized by the concentrator 22, so as to cause its liquefaction, and dissipate these calories within the basin 2, and the device 6.

For this purpose, the second circuit 46 comprises: - heat exchangers 48, 50 disposed, respectively, within the basin 2 and within the device 6; a tubing 52 made of thermally conductive material in which circulates a heat transfer fluid; and a pump 53 for driving said heat transfer fluid. The tubing 52 comprises a main loop connected to the heat exchanger 48 and a bypass loop connected to the heat exchanger 50. The evaporator 26 is fluidly connected to the absorber 28 via a line 55. The evaporator 26 is maintained at low pressure, ie less than 1 kPa. The evaporator 26 comprises a third circuit 54 arranged to capture the calories of the air in the technical room 10 and to transfer these calories to the refrigerant condensed by the condenser 24, so as to refrigerate the technical room 10. The third circuit 54 is further arranged to capture a portion of the calories from the air at the delivery of the device 4 and to transfer these calories to the refrigerant condensed by the condenser 24, so as to refrigerate the air at the discharge of the device 4. For this purpose, the third circuit 54 comprises: a heat exchanger 56 disposed inside the room 10; - A heat exchanger 58 disposed within the conduit 16 downstream of the heat exchanger 38; a tubing 60 made of thermally conductive material in which circulates a heat transfer fluid; and 30 - pumps 62, 64 for driving said coolant Here, the term "downstream" is used with reference to the direction of air flow within the conduit 16. The tubing 60 comprises a main loop connected to the exchanger thermal 56 and a bypass loop connected to the heat exchanger 58.

The absorber 28 contains an absorbent, here lithium bromide, for absorbing the refrigerant vaporized by the evaporator 26. The absorber 28 comprises a fourth circuit 66 arranged to capture the heat released by the absorption of the vaporized refrigerant by the evaporator, by the absorbent, and dissipate these calories in the basin 2, and the device 6. In the embodiment shown, the fourth circuit 46 is fluidly connected in series with the second circuit 46 and is constituted by the tubing 52, the heat exchangers 48, 50 and the pump 53. The operation of the installation 1 will now be described.

Under conditions of use, the air discharged by the device 4 has a temperature of the order of 100 ° C. The first circuit 36 captures a portion of the calories of the discharged air, through the heat exchanger 38, and transfers these calories to the composition 30, by heat exchange with the tubing 40. In response, the refrigerant is partly vaporized.

The vaporized refrigerant fluid is conducted within the condenser 24 through the pipe 32. The second circuit 46 captures a portion of the calories of the vaporized refrigerant, by heat exchange with the pipe 52. Under the effect of high pressure, the refrigerant vaporized condenses. The second circuit 46 dissipates the calories captured out of the machine 8, by the heat exchangers 48, 50. The heat exchanger 48 gives a first portion of the calories to the water contained in the basin 2. The heat exchanger 50 yields a second part of the sludge calories of device 6 to thermally dry them. The refrigerant condensed by the condenser 24 is conducted within the evaporator 26 via the pipe 44. The third circuit 54 transfers the heat captured by the heat exchangers 56 and 58 to the condensed refrigerant, by heat exchange between the refrigerant condensate and the tubing 60. Under the effect of the low pressure, the condensed refrigerant is vaporized. In this way, the absorption machine 8 consumes the calories from the air in the technical room 10 and the air delivered by the device 4. Thus, the air in the technical room 10 and the air blown within basin 2 are refrigerated. The refrigerant vaporized by the evaporator 26 is conducted in the absorber 28 through the pipe 55, and is absorbed by the absorbent. The composition 30 is regenerated. Absorption is exothermic. Also, the fourth circuit 66 captures a portion of the calories released by the absorption reaction and dissipates them in the basin 2 and the device 6. The regenerated composition is conducted to the concentrator 22 through the pipe 34.

The invention is not limited to the sole embodiment of the installation described above by way of example, it encompasses all the variants. Alternatively, the insufflation device 4 may be a turbo-compressor or a booster.

The absorbent may be water. The refrigerant may be ammonia. The second circuit 46 and / or the fourth circuit 66 may be arranged to dissipate a portion of the calories captured in a technical room or dwelling so as to heat it.

Alternatively, the absorption machine can be replaced by an adsorption machine. In this case, the composition is replaced by a composition comprising an adsorbent and a refrigerant. The absorber is replaced by an adsorber containing an adsorbent for adsorbing the refrigerant vaporized by the evaporator.

In a manner known per se, the adsorbent being solid, it is impossible to conduct, through the pipe 34, the regenerated composition within the adsorber to the concentrator. Also, line 34 can be omitted. In this case, the composition contained in the adsorber and the composition contained in the concentrator are interchanged cyclically when the composition contained in the adsorber is saturated with refrigerant fluid.

Claims (4)

REVENDICATIONS1. Installation (1) for treating water comprising: - a basin (2) containing said water; and - a device (4) for blowing air into said basin (2); characterized in that the plant (1) is equipped with a sorption refrigeration machine (8) comprising: - a concentrator (22) comprising a first circuit (36) arranged to capture the calories of the air at the discharge of the device insufflation (4) and yield these calories to a composition (30) comprising a sorbent and a coolant, so as to cause the vaporization of a portion of the refrigerant fluid; - a condenser (24) comprising a second circuit 46) arranged to capture calories vaporized refrigerant fluid, so as to cause liquefaction thereof, and dissipate these calories, at least in part, within the basin (2); an evaporator (26) comprising a third circuit (54) arranged to capture the calories of the air at the intake of the insufflation device (4) and to transfer these calories to the condensed refrigerant so as to cause its vaporization; and an absorber (28) or an adsorber containing a sorbent for absorbing or adsorbing the vaporized refrigerant. 2. Installation (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a technical room (10) in which is housed the insufflation device (4), and in that the third circuit (54) is arranged to refrigerate this technical room (10). 3. Installation (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the absorber (28) or the adsorber comprises a fourth circuit (66) arranged to capture calories released by absorption or adsorption of the vaporized refrigerant, by the absorbent or adsorbent, and dissipate these calories within the basin (2) so as to heat said water. 35 4. Installation (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the fourth circuit (66) is fluidly connected to the second circuit (46). . Installation (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: - the first circuit (36) comprises a first heat exchanger (38) for capturing a first portion of the calories of the air at the discharge of the insufflation device (4); and - the third circuit (54) comprises a second heat exchanger (58) disposed downstream of the first heat exchanger (38) to capture a second portion of the calories of the air at the discharge of the insufflation device (4). 6. Installation (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the second circuit (46) or the fourth circuit (66) is arranged to dissipate a portion of the calories collected in a technical room or dwelling so as to heat it. 7. Installation (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the installation (1) comprises a device (6) for thermal sludge drying, and in that the second circuit (46) or the fourth circuit (66) is arranged to dissipate a portion of the calories captured within this device (6) so as to thermally dry said sludge. 8. Installation (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the basin (2) further contains a bacterial complex 25 for carrying out a biological treatment of said water. 9. Installation (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the first, second and third circuits (36, 46, 66) comprise at least one tubular (40, 52, 60) made in one thermally conductive material, and a heat transfer fluid circulating within this tubing (40, 52, 60). 10. Installation (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the refrigerating machine (8) is an absorption refrigerating machine.