FR2968297A1 - System for production of exploitable water and electricity, comprises a machine ditherme, an open hydraulic circuit, a conduit, a pipe, a condenser, a closed hydraulic circuit, pumps and/or solenoid valves, and a post-treatment device - Google Patents

Abstract

The system comprises a machine ditherme (2) operating with a hot source and a cold source and cooperating with an alternator (4) for producing electricity, an open hydraulic circuit (20) comprising an inlet, a conduit through the machine ditherme to conduct non-exploitable water that represents the cold source of the machine ditherme, a pipe to an evaporator, a condenser (6) to reach an output in the form of exploitable water, and a closed hydraulic circuit (10) in which circulates a heat transfer fluid that receives heat by solar collectors (11) at 90-130[deg] C. The system comprises a machine ditherme (2) operating with a hot source and a cold source and cooperating with an alternator (4) for producing electricity, an open hydraulic circuit (20) comprising an inlet, a conduit through the machine ditherme to conduct non-exploitable water that represents the cold source of the machine ditherme, a pipe to an evaporator, a condenser (6) to reach an output in the form of exploitable water, a closed hydraulic circuit (10) in which circulates a heat transfer fluid that receives heat by solar collectors (11) at 90-130[deg] C and is conducted through the machine ditherme for which it is the hot source, pumps and/or solenoid valves that operate with electricity generated by the alternator associated with the machine ditherme or by mechanical coupling with the machine ditherme, and a post-treatment device to remineralize the water and to output of drinking water. The closed hydraulic circuit comprises a storage volume adapted for storing a quantity of hot heat transfer fluid for nighttime use, and a heat exchanger within the evaporator to evaporate the non-exploitable water from the open hydraulic circuit. The open hydraulic circuit comprises a heat exchanger in the condenser for condensing the vapor from the evaporator. The pump is adapted for reducing the pressure within the evaporator. The solar collectors are flat plate collectors, vacuum tube and/or concentrator, and are adapted for a supply of energy to enable the machine ditherme to produce more electricity than the production system to provide excess electricity to the population for other applications. The machine ditherme is stirling engine, a turbine, a steam engine, or a machine Rankine cycle. The stirling engine comprises a heat exchange module that comprises a transfer chamber containing a displacing mechanism to displace a quantity of gas towards a hot heat exchanger or cold heat exchanger, a unit for controlling the displacing mechanism, and a compression chamber connected to the transfer chamber of the heat exchanger module before an exchange opening. The hot and cold heat exchangers are adapted for heating and cooling the quantity of the gas respectively. The displacing mechanism comprises two subsets that are movable and are separated from each other by a first heat exchanger, and a synchronization unit allowing a synchronous movement and simultaneous translation of two subassemblies movable to two second heat exchangers along a longitudinal axis of travel. The second heat exchangers are located on either side of the first heat exchanger. An operating temperature is different from that of the first exchanger. The compression chamber comprises a control piston that moves in translation under the effect of variations of pressure generated in the transfer chamber. An independent claim is included for a process for production of exploitable water and electricity.

Description

COMBINED PRODUCTION SYSTEM FOR FRESHWATER AND ELECTRICITY

TECHNICAL AREA

The present invention relates to a system for combined production of exploitable freshwater and electricity, particularly suitable for use in an unfavorable, isolated environment. It also relates to a process for the combined production of fresh water and electricity. STATE OF THE ART

The per capita freshwater resource is decreasing globally; in addition, it is estimated that about 1.5 billion people do not have access to electricity in 2010. These two vectors of economic development, namely fresh water and electricity, are lacking for poor people who often live in cities. in sites that have a high potential for solar energy. It is known to manufacture fresh water from seawater using solar energy according to a simple device shown in FIG. 1, comprising a volume enclosing sea water, covered by a lid leaving passing the sun's rays, in which the temperature rises strongly by the greenhouse effect, to accelerate the evaporation of the seawater, which thus separates from the salt before condensing in contact with the lid to finally slide along its inclined wall until it falls back into a fresh water tank. This type of device occupies a very large area to finally obtain a small volume of fresh water and can therefore be implemented on a large scale.

Another known solution for producing fresh water from seawater is to use the principle of reverse osmosis, which relies on the filtration of seawater using a membrane of which the pores are thin enough to block the salt and let only water. Such a solution requires, however, a compressor and therefore electricity for its implementation and is therefore not suitable for regions where electricity is not available or insufficiently.

The document FR2936792 describes a solution for obtaining purified water from dirty water, in which a Stirling engine is supplied with heat by an energy supply from solar radiation concentrated by Fresnel lenses. The Stirling engine transforms some of the heat into mechanical work to create electricity, through an alternator, which then feeds a heating resistor to heat the water to be purified. This solution, which increases energy conversions to heat salt water, has a very low overall efficiency.

WO2005090240 also describes a solution for obtaining purified water from dirty water, in which a Stirling engine receives heat through the sun, which directly heats the air included in an upper part of a motor chamber, which represents the hot source of the engine. This heat is then converted into mechanical energy to operate a compressor that distills the water in an evaporator. This solution provides an answer to the problem of shortage of fresh water but does not solve the problem of power shortage.

The document US4253307 describes a solution in which a saltwater tank is heated by a solar radiation concentrated by a mirror, to generate steam that will drive a turbine to produce electricity. The steam is then condensed to obtain fresh and purified water. This solution deals with the double resolution of the shortage of fresh water and electricity but contrary to what is stated in this document it is not energy efficient because the heat energy stored by the steam is dissipated without being recovered.

Not optimized in terms of energy, all these solutions can only purify dirty water during the day in the presence of sun. It results in 2781 LPu results that the total quantity of purified water obtained daily is not important. Thus, there is a need for a solution for producing fresh water and electricity, not having all or some of the disadvantages of existing solutions. DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The invention proposes to allow the production of electricity and the production of fresh water from seawater or brackish water by operating day and night thanks to solar energy. To this end, the invention relates to a system for producing exploitable water and electricity, comprising: a ditherme machine operating with a hot source and a cold source and cooperating with an alternator to produce electricity; an open hydraulic circuit comprising an inlet through which enters non-exploitable water, a pipe through the ditherme machine to drive the non-exploitable water which represents the cold source of the ditherme machine, then a pipe to an evaporator followed a condenser to finally reach an outlet in the form of exploitable water. The production system according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises a closed hydraulic circuit in which circulates a coolant, which receives heat by solar collectors, and is conducted through the ditherme machine for which it represents the hot source. A post-treatment device for remineralizing the water and delivering drinking water output can be provided.

In an advantageous embodiment, the closed hydraulic circuit comprises a storage volume capable of storing a quantity of hot heat transfer fluid for its use at night advantageously, it comprises a heat exchanger within the evaporator to evaporate the heat. Unmanageable water from the open hydraulic circuit. 2781 LPu Preferably, the open hydraulic circuit includes a heat exchanger within the condenser to condense the vapor from the evaporator. Advantageously, one or more pumps and / or solenoid valves operate (s) with the electricity produced by the alternator associated with the ditherme machine or by mechanical coupling with the ditherme machine; a pump can also reduce the pressure within the evaporator.

In a preferred embodiment, the solar collectors are flat, vacuum-tube and / or concentration-type collectors and are capable of heating water from 90 to 130 ° C. In general, the solar collectors are preferably capable of supplying energy to allow the ditherm machine to produce more electricity than the specific need of the production system to provide the surplus electricity to the population in order to other applications.

Advantageously, the ditherme machine is a Stirling engine, a turbine, a steam engine, or a Rankine cycle machine. Preferably, the Stirling engine comprises a heat exchange module which comprises a transfer chamber containing a displacer mechanism for moving a quantity of gas to at least one hot heat exchanger or to a cold heat exchanger, these heat exchangers cold being intended respectively to heat and cool the amount of gas, and in that the displacer mechanism comprises two movable subassemblies and separated from each other by a first heat exchanger, synchronization means allowing a synchronized movement and simultaneous translation of the two mobile subsets to two second heat exchangers along a longitudinal axis of displacement, these second exchangers being placed on either side of the first heat exchanger, and at an operating temperature different from that of the first exchanger, and in that the Stirling engine comprises a control means of the moving mechanism aceuse, and a compression chamber connected to the transfer chamber of the heat exchanger module before an exchange opening, this compression chamber 2781 LPu comprising a control piston which moves in translation under the effect of pressure variations generated in the transfer chamber.

The invention also relates to a process for producing exploitable water and electricity, comprising the stages of admission of non-exploitable water, and heating of the non-exploitable water within a ditherme machine for which it represents the cold source, characterized in that it further comprises heating a heat transfer fluid of a closed hydraulic circuit, and the conduit of the hot heat transfer fluid in the ditherme machine for which it represents the hot source.

Preferably, the process for producing exploitable water and electricity also comprises all or some of the following steps: storing part of the hot heat transfer fluid in a storage volume; driving hot heat transfer fluid stored from the storage volume to the ditherme machine for which it represents the hot source; driving hot heat transfer fluid through an evaporator to provide the heat necessary for evaporation of the non-exploitable water; heating of the unmanageable water within a condenser while participating in the condensation of steam from the evaporator; reducing the pressure of the evaporator by a vacuum pump fed by the ditherme machine; synchronization of this vacuum pump with the level of solar energy received at the solar collectors in order to obtain optimum efficiency by a central unit.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES These objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in detail in the following description of a particular embodiment made in a non-limiting manner with reference to the attached figures among which: 1 schematically shows a seawater desalination device according to the state of the art.

Figure 2 shows a combined production system of fresh water and electricity according to one embodiment of the invention.

Figure 3 shows the curve of the evaporation temperature of water as a function of pressure.

Figure 4 shows an example of implementation under certain conditions of the embodiment of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

In the following description, we will refer to the term "non-exploitable water" as any dirty water, and / or including microorganisms, and / or brackish or salty, and by the term "exploitable water" any water directly usable, either for agriculture or for consumption.

The concept of the invention consists in providing a combined production of exploitable water and electricity from non-exploitable water and solar energy, which has the advantage of being renewable, by using a ditherme machine, in an energy optimized way. The exploitable water will be obtained by distillation / condensation of the non-exploitable water. The chosen solution has the advantage of producing more electricity than the system's own need for producing fresh water, which makes it possible to provide the population not only with fresh water but also with the surplus of water. electricity. Figure 2 schematically illustrates a combined production system of electricity and fresh water according to an embodiment of the invention. 30 2781 LPu The production system comprises a closed hydraulic circuit 10, in which circulates hot water heated by solar collectors 11. This hot water can be stored in a storage volume 12. All or part of the hot water produced is oriented towards a ditherme machine 2, of Stirling engine type, to provide the energy required by a first heat exchanger 16 of the ditherme machine, representing the hot source of the ditherme machine 2. Then, all or part of the hot water of this first closed hydraulic circuit 10 is conducted in an evaporator 3, before returning to the storage volume 12 or to the solar collectors 11.

One or two three-way valve (s) 13 determine (s) the amount of hot water to flow in each part of the closed hydraulic circuit, including the amount of hot water to be stored in the storage volume 12 and the amount of hot water to be heated by the solar collectors 11.

By this means, the production system is adapted to operate day and night, by directing all or a significant portion of the hot water to the solar collectors 11 during the day, in order to obtain maximum heating, and by cutting the circulation of water to the solar collectors 11 at night. The hot water stored in the storage volume 12 takes over at night to provide the necessary energy to the ditherme machine 2.

Finally, two water circulation pumps 14 are installed on this closed hydraulic circuit 10 for circulating the hot water. These pumps 14 are powered by a portion of the electricity produced by the ditherme machine 2 by electrical connections 5.

Note, water circulates in the closed hydraulic circuit 10 according to this embodiment, but alternatively, any other coolant could be used.

The ditherme machine 2 makes it possible to transform part of the heat flux supplied by the hot water, via the first heat exchanger 16, 2781 LPu in mechanical work, in order to drive an alternator 4 and to produce electricity. .

The production system further comprises an open hydraulic circuit 20, which receives input 21 water unfit for consumption, non-exploitable, such as dirty water, brackish or salty water. After passing through a pretreatment device 22, which may comprise a filtering device, based on filter (s) and sand, for example, the non-exploitable water passes through the ditherme machine 2, through an exchanger 28. This water cold non-exploitable thus benefits from a first warming in ditherme machine 2, for which it represents the cold source, then through a condenser 6 in which it recovers the heat of the steam it condenses. It undergoes a second warming and finally recovers a significant amount of heat, allowing optimization of the thermal efficiency of the production system.

Finally, the non-exploitable water is diffused in the evaporator 3 in which it sprinkles an exchanger 15 in which circulates the hot water of the closed hydraulic circuit 10, so as to be evaporated. This evaporation allows it to get rid of impurities, microorganisms and salt, which are recovered by an outlet 7 of the evaporator 3. The latter generates pure steam sent into the condenser 6 via a pipe 23, preferably via a pump 25 to be condensed in fresh water, which results from this distillation of the non-exploitable water, and which can be recovered on a first outlet 8, for use in agriculture, for example for the irrigation of the fields . In addition, this fresh water can pass through a last post-treatment device 26, in particular to undergo remineralization, before delivering 9 drinking water. The last two outlets 8, 9 mentioned thus produce exploitable water, the result of the distillation of the non-exploitable water.

According to the chosen embodiment, a vacuum pump 25, fed by the alternator 4 of the ditherme machine 2, performs a vacuum draw function of 2781 LPu the evaporator 3. The resulting depressurization in the evaporator improves its efficiency up to a given temperature, since the water evaporates more than the pressure is low, as shown in Figure 3. In the day in the presence of sun, the use this vacuum pump 25 may be synchronized with the solar energy level received at the solar collectors 11 to obtain optimum efficiency, since the temperature in the evaporator is directly related to the solar energy received. At night or during the day in the absence of sunshine, the use of this vacuum pump 25 can be synchronized with the temperature level of the water coming from the storage 12. The ditherme machine 2 can be in any form existing form, for example in the form of a Stirling engine, a turbine, a steam engine, a Rankine cycle machine.

According to an interesting embodiment, a Stirling engine as presented in the patent application FR 10 00908, with a power of 10 kW mechanical and operating with a temperature difference ranging from 50 to 100 ° C will be advantageous. On the other hand, this Stirling engine may include a heat exchange module which comprises a transfer chamber containing a displacer mechanism for moving a quantity of gas to at least one hot heat exchanger 16 or to a cold heat exchanger 28. These Hot and cold exchangers are intended to respectively heat and cool the amount of gas. On the other hand, the displacer mechanism comprises two movable subassemblies and separated from one another by a first heat exchanger, synchronization means allowing synchronized and simultaneous displacement in translation of the two mobile sub-assemblies to two second exchangers thermals along a longitudinal axis of displacement, these second exchangers being placed on either side of the first heat exchanger, and at an operating temperature different from that of the first exchanger. The Stirling engine comprises a means for controlling the displacer mechanism, and a compression chamber connected to 2781 LPu the transfer chamber of the heat exchanger module before an exchange opening, this compression chamber comprising a control piston which moves in translation under the effect of pressure variations generated in the transfer chamber.

In addition, all types of solar collectors can be used, flat collectors, vacuum tube, concentration, etc. According to the preferred embodiment, vacuum tube sensors are implemented because they are cheap and require little maintenance. They have a good yield, greater than 50% to heat water from 90 to 130 ° C. They work more and being fixed, without the need for mobility to follow the course of the sun The storage volume 12 may consist of a relatively standard hot water pressure vessel, since for temperature variations of 90 ° to 130 ° C the pressure changes from 1 to 3 bars. Alternatively, the storage volume 12 may consist of a tank filled with oil to increase temperature without increasing the pressure (up to 400 ° C), a mixed tank filled with oil and pebbles, a volume of solid as concrete or sand traversed by a water exchanger or latent thermal storage using a phase change material such as wax or molten salts. The evaporator 3 consists of a chamber comprising a heat exchanger 15 in which circulates the hot water of the closed hydraulic circuit 10. The heat exchanger 15 can be immersed in the water to be evaporated, in the form of a coil exchanger, or sprinkled with water to evaporate, the heat exchanger 15 then being in the form of plates. The evaporation of the water will be made preferably by simple effect, in a single evaporation chamber and with a simple passage, without a return loop to the evaporation chamber, so as to have an easily maintainable evaporator.

The condenser 6 may be separate from the evaporator 3, in a separate vessel, or in the same vessel but in a separate chamber. In this 2781 LPu chamber, an exchanger 27 in which circulates the non-exploitable water of the open hydraulic circuit makes it possible to condense the purified vapor coming from the evaporator 3.

In this system, the energy consuming elements such as pumps have been electrically powered from the alternator. According to an alternative embodiment, the various pumps 14, 24, 25 of the system could be directly related to the ditherm machine, and operate via a direct mechanical coupling.

Finally, the production system comprises a central unit, not shown, which comprises an internal intelligence, in the form of software (software) and / or hardware (hardware), which makes it possible to manage the various operating parameters of the system, such as the valves, pumps, etc. This CPU sends control signals to these different components. As input, it can receive data such as temperature measurements of hot and cold water respectively of the two separate hydraulic circuits, at different points of these hydraulic circuits, from different sensors.

An example of implementation of such a system can be made by choosing the following dimensioning, for example: solar collectors 11 vacuum tubes, covering a total opening area of 800 m2, distributed over a square field 40 meters, provided for operation at a temperature of 90 ° to 110 ° C; a storage volume 12 in the form of a pressurized water tank of 50 m 3 for a temperature of between 90 ° and 110 ° C .; a Stirling engine driving an alternator with a nominal electric power of 8 kW. 2781 LPu Consider sunshine for a daily duration of six hours with irradiated energy of about 1 kW / m 2. This results in a supply of 8600 MJ per day on the closed hydraulic circuit, of which 2200 MJ are consumed by the Stirling engine (power 100 kWth), 2200 MJ are consumed by the evaporator, and finally 4200 MJ are used to load the volume storage 12 which will in turn provide autonomy for just under six hours. The imposed water flow is about 2.4 liters per second in the closed hydraulic circuit, in which hot water circulates. Clamps of the heat exchangers of the ditherme machine and the evaporator are 10 ° C. At the outlet of the evaporator, the hot water, which returns to the field of solar collectors or to the storage volume 12 is at a temperature ranging from 70 to 90 ° C. while in the evaporator depressurized to 0.2 bar the evaporation temperature of the water is about 60 ° C. On the open cold hydraulic circuit, the non-exploitable water to be purified is taken at 20 ° C, for example in the sea, at a rate of 2.2 liters per second. Assuming a pinch of 10 ° C for the exchanger, it recovers all the heat evacuated by the ditherme machine and leaves at 30 ° C. The condenser exchanger has a nip of 20 ° C: the water is then raised to 50 ° C before entering the evaporator and it rises to more than 60 ° C when it is brought into contact with the exchanger of the evaporator. Crossing the condenser it loses 20 ° C and finally we get a pure water at 40 ° C with a daily output of about 70 m3, considering a conversion rate of 70% (70% distilled water and 30% brine rejected). Figure 4 shows the evolution of temperatures in both open and closed circuits with the assumptions considered in this example.

To summarize, the example presented consumes 8600 MJ thermal to produce about 80 kWh electric and 70 m3 distilled water per day. The installation operates during the six hours of sunshine and for six additional hours of 2781 LPu. Considering an average consumption of 1 kW for circulation pumps and for the vacuum pump, the pump consumption is around 40 kWh per day, which leaves 40 kWh of electricity available per day. Naturally, the previous embodiment has been described by way of example and other geometries of the production system, other numbers of pumps, valves, other types of exchangers, etc., are possible without to leave the concept of the invention. In addition, a simplified version of the production system may not include storage volume, and may not operate at night. The central unit may also manage the operating parameters differently from those presented above as an example. 15. In all cases, the system comprises a heat transfer fluid which receives heat directly from the sun, via solar collectors, and which restores it in part to a ditherme machine. Advantageously, the energy received by the solar collectors is shared between the ditherm machine and an evaporator, so as to simultaneously produce a quantity of electricity and a quantity of exploitable water for a certain population. Thus, the invention provides a solution for populations suffering from water and electricity shortage, particularly adapted but not limited to very sunny regions and / or near the sea. As has been seen previously, the The invention thus also relates to a method of combined production of electricity and exploitable water, which comprises the following steps: Admission of non-exploitable water; 30 Heating of the non-exploitable water within a ditherme machine 2 for which it represents the cold source; Heating a heat transfer fluid of a closed hydraulic circuit 10; 10 278E LPu Conduction of the heat transfer fluid in the ditherme machine 2 for which it represents the hot source.

This combined production process of electricity and exploitable water may further include all or part of the following steps: generation of electricity from the ditherm machine; storing a portion of the hot heat transfer fluid in a storage volume 12; driving hot heat transfer fluid stored from the storage volume 12 to ditherme machine 2 for which it represents the hot source; conducting hot heat transfer fluid within an evaporator 3 to provide the heat necessary for evaporation of the non-exploitable water; heating of the non-usable water in a condenser 6 while participating in the condensation of the steam from the evaporator 3, reduction of the evaporator pressure by a vacuum pump 25 fed by the ditherme machine ; synchronizing this vacuum pump 25 with the solar energy level received at the solar collectors 11 or with the temperature level of the water from the storage to obtain optimum efficiency by a central unit.

2781 LPu

Claims (14)

REVENDICATIONS1. A system for producing exploitable water and electricity, comprising a ditherm machine (2) operating with a hot source and a cold source and cooperating with an alternator (4) to produce electricity, comprising an open hydraulic circuit (20). ) comprising an inlet (21) between which non-exploitable water, a pipe through the ditherme machine (2) to conduct the non-exploitable water which represents the cold source of the ditherme machine (2), and then a pipe to an evaporator (3), then to a condenser (6) to finally reach an outlet (8, 9) in the form of exploitable water, characterized in that the production system comprises a closed hydraulic circuit (10) in which circulates a coolant, which receives heat by solar collectors (11), and is conducted through the ditherme machine (2) for which it represents the hot source. 2. System for producing exploitable water and electricity according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the closed hydraulic circuit (10) comprises a storage volume (12) capable of storing a quantity of hot heat transfer fluid for its use at night. 3. System for producing exploitable water and electricity according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the closed hydraulic circuit (10) comprises a heat exchanger (15) within the evaporator (3) for evaporating the non-exploitable water from the open hydraulic circuit (20). 4. exploitable water production and electricity system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the open hydraulic circuit (20) comprises a heat exchanger (27) in the condenser (6) to condense the vapor from the evaporator (3). 15 2781 .Pu. 5. System for producing exploitable water and electricity according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises one or more pumps (14, 24, 25) and / or solenoid valves (13) which operates (nt ) with the electricity produced by the alternator (4) associated with the ditherme machine (2) or by mechanical coupling with the ditherme machine (2). 6. system for producing exploitable water and electricity according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a pump (25) for reducing the pressure within the evaporator (3). 7. system for producing exploitable water and electricity according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a post-treatment device (26) for remineralizing the water and providing at the outlet (9) of the 'potable water. 8. exploitable water production and electricity system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the solar collectors (11) are flat collectors, vacuum tube, and / or concentration. 20 9. System for producing exploitable water and electricity according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the solar collectors (11) are capable of heating water from 90 to 130 ° C. 10. System for producing exploitable water and electricity according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the solar collectors (11) are able to provide energy for the ditherme machine (2) to produce more electricity than the production system's own need to provide surplus electricity to the population for other applications. 30 11. exploitable water production and electricity system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the machine ditherme 2781 LPu (2) is a Stirling engine, a turbine, a steam engine, or a machine at Rankine cycle. 12. System for producing exploitable water and electricity according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the Stirling engine comprises a heat exchange module which comprises a transfer chamber containing a displacer mechanism for moving a quantity of gas to at least one hot heat exchanger (16) or to a cold heat exchanger (28), these hot and cold exchangers being intended respectively to heat and cool the quantity of gas, and in that the displacer mechanism comprises two subassemblies movable and separated from each other by a first heat exchanger, synchronization means allowing synchronized and simultaneous displacement in translation of the two mobile subsets to two second heat exchangers along a longitudinal axis of displacement, these second exchangers being placed on either side of the first heat exchanger, and at a different operating temperature. ncte that of the first exchanger, and in that the Stirling engine comprises a control means of the displacer mechanism, and a compression chamber connected to the transfer chamber of the heat exchanger module before an exchange opening, this compression chamber comprising a control piston which moves in translation under the effect of pressure variations generated in the transfer chamber. 13. A process for producing exploitable water and electricity, comprising the following steps: Admission of non-exploitable water, and heating of non-exploitable water in a ditherm machine (2) for which it represents the cold source , characterized in that it comprises the following steps: Heating a heat transfer fluid of a closed hydraulic circuit (10), and 2781 LPuConduite hot heat transfer fluid in ditherme machine (2) for which it represents the hot source. 14. A method for producing exploitable water and electricity according to the preceding claim, characterized in that it further comprises at least one of the following steps: - storage of a portion of the hot heat transfer fluid in a storage volume ( 12), preferably with hot heat transfer fluid stored from the storage volume (12) to the ditherm machine (2) for which it represents the hot source; driving hot heat transfer fluid through an evaporator (3) to provide the heat necessary for the evaporation of the non-exploitable water; heating of the non-usable water in a condenser (6) while participating in the condensation of the vapor from the evaporator (3); reducing the pressure of the evaporator by a vacuum pump (25) supplied by the ditherme machine, preferably with the synchronization of this vacuum pump (25) with the level of solar energy received at the solar collectors (11) to obtain optimum performance by a central unit. 2781 Read