FR2967897A1 - Composition, useful for treating, preferably dyeing and bleaching human keratin fibers, comprises cationic surfactant having ammonium salt, oxidizing agent, and comprising oxidation dye precursors, direct dyes, and/or alkaline agent - Google Patents

Abstract

Composition (A) comprises: (a) at least one cationic surfactant having ammonium salt structure (I); (b) at least one oxidizing agent; and (c) at least one dye comprising oxidation dye precursors, direct dyes, and/or at least one alkaline agent. Composition (A) comprises: (a) at least one cationic surfactant having ammonium salt structure of formula (R3-CH(OH)-CH 2-N +>(-[R2] p)-[-CH 2-CH(OH)-R1] n(X ->)) (I); (b) at least one oxidizing agent; and (c) at least one dye comprising oxidation dye precursors, direct dyes, and/or at least one alkaline agent. R1 : H, linear 1-6C or branched 3-6C alkyl, optionally carrying at least one hydroxyl group, or alkoxy group, where alkyl moiety is 4C alkyl; R2 : linear 1-6C or branched 3-6C alkyl group; R3 : 8-32C hydrocarbon group (optionally saturated and comprising one or more (non)conjugated unsaturations, optionally carrying at least one OH), or -CH 2-O-R3a; R3a : 8-32C hydrocarbon (saturated and comprising one or more (non)conjugated unsaturations optionally carrying at least one OH); n : 1-3; p : 0-2, where the sum of n and p is 3; and X -> : counter ion. An independent claim is included for multi-compartment device comprising: a first compartment containing a composition comprising at least one dye comprising oxidation dye precursors, and/or direct dyes, and/or at least one alkaline agent; and a second compartment containing a composition comprising one or more oxidizing agents, at least one of two compositions comprising at least one cationic surfactant (I), dyes, alkaline agent, oxidizing agents, or cationic surfactant (I).

Description

COMPOSITION FOR TREATING KERATIN FIBERS COMPRISING A CATIONIC SURFACTANT COMPRISING A HYDROXYLATED FATTY CHAIN

The present invention relates to a composition for the treatment of keratinous fibers, in particular the coloring processes involving an oxidizing agent, and comprising a cationic surfactant comprising at least one hydroxylated fatty chain.

Among the methods for staining human keratinous fibers, such as the hair, mention may be made of oxidation or permanent staining. This coloring mode uses one or more oxidation dye precursors, more particularly one or more oxidation bases optionally associated with one or more couplers which, in the presence of an alkaline agent and an oxidizing agent, form a process of oxidative condensation of the colored species. The mixture between the dye precursors and the oxidizing agent is produced at the time of use. These oxidation bases are chosen in particular from ortho- or para-phenylenediamines, ortho- or para-aminophenols as well as heterocyclic compounds. These oxidation bases are generally associated with one or more couplers, the latter being chosen in particular from aromatic meta-diamines, meta-aminophenols, meta-diphenols and certain heterocyclic compounds, such as indole compounds. The variety of molecules involved in the oxidation bases and couplers allows a rich palette of colors to be obtained. One of the disadvantages of oxidation dyeing processes is that the coloration of the composition applied to the fibers varies greatly between the time of mixing, the beginning of the application and the time when the composition is finally removed. This phenomenon, quite conventional, is characteristic of the degree of progress of the aforementioned oxidative condensation reaction, leading to the formation of the species or species colored (s). Thus, depending on the chosen shade, the color of the composition is more or less dark or more or less chromatic and does not always perfectly match the final color of the hair, which can be misleading for the user. In addition, the more the color of the composition is marked, the more the risk of staining of the skin and scalp are increased. The coloration of the composition also causes a drop in the effectiveness of the coloration, the formation of the colored species being effected in the bowl before application and not in the keratinous fiber. It is therefore often necessary to use larger amounts of staining precursors than necessary for hair coloring in order to compensate for this loss of reagents, inter alia causing an increase in the cost of the composition.

For the bleaching of keratin fibers, an oxidizing agent is generally used, generally hydrogen peroxide, optionally combined with persalts such as persulfates. Another disadvantage observed is related to the presence of ammonia or organic amines in the coloring or bleaching compositions applied to the hair. These alkaline agents are used to adjust the pH of the composition but also to swell the fiber. keratin to promote the penetration of dyes and / or oxidizing agent in the fiber. Ammonia is very volatile, there is inconvenience to the user because of the strong characteristic odor, rather uncomfortable with this agent and sometimes irritations of the scalp in the form of tingling. Organic amines also have some odor and can also cause scalp irritation. All these disadvantages have been largely solved by the use of particular formulations comprising in particular cationic surfactants with a fatty chain. Such formulations are described for example in the document FR2923711. To optimize these results, however, it is necessary to use large amounts of cationic surfactants which deteriorates the ecotoxic profile of the composition. It is therefore important to develop cosmetic compositions having an improved ecotoxic profile, in particular by reducing the amount of cationic surfactants or by using more eco-sensitive surfactants, while retaining identical properties of use. The object of the present invention is therefore to provide compositions which are less ecotoxic and which limit the aforementioned drawbacks related to the coloration of the composition before application to the hair and to the unpleasant odor associated with the use of an alkaline agent. such as ammonia or organic amines and without degradation of the dyeing properties.

Thus, the subject of the present invention is a composition comprising, (a) at least one cationic surfactant of following formula (I): ## STR2 ## in which: no, represent a hydrogen atom, a linear C 1 -C 6 alkyl or branched C 3 -C 6 radical, optionally bearing at least one hydroxyl group, alkoxy whose alkyl part is C 1 -C 4; R 2, which may be identical or different, represent a linear C 1 -C 6 alkyl or branched C 3 -C 6 alkyl radical; R3 representing a linear or branched C8 -C32 hydrocarbon radical, saturated or comprising one or more conjugated or unsaturated conjugations, optionally bearing at least one hydroxyl group; a -CH2O-R'3 radical with R'3 representing a linear or branched C8-C32 hydrocarbon radical, saturated or containing one or more conjugated or unsaturated conjugations, optionally bearing at least one hydroxyl group; n is 1, 2, 3; p is 0,1 or 2 and the sum of n and p is 3; X- represents a counter ion; (b) at least one oxidizing agent; (c) at least one dye selected from oxidation dye precursors, direct dyes or mixtures thereof, or at least one alkaline agent, or mixtures thereof.

The subject of the invention is also a process for treating human keratinous fibers in which the above-mentioned composition is applied to the fibers.

The invention further relates to a multi-compartment device comprising a first compartment containing a composition comprising at least one dye selected from oxidation dye precursors, direct dyes or mixtures thereof, or at least one alkaline agent, or mixtures thereof and a second compartment containing a composition comprising one or more oxidizing agents, at least one of the two compartments comprising at least one cationic surfactant of formula (1).

The invention finally relates to the use of cationic surfactant (s) of formula (1), for dyeing or decolouring human keratinous fibers, especially the hair.

Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge more clearly on reading the description and examples which follow.

It should be noted that in what follows, and unless otherwise indicated, the boundaries of a domain of values are included in this area. The human keratin fibers treated according to the invention are preferably the hair. The words "at least one" are understood to mean "one or more".

As indicated above, the composition according to the invention comprises at least one cationic surfactant of the following formula (1): embedded image in which: R 1, which may be identical or different, represent an atom hydrogen, a linear C 1 -C 6 alkyl or branched C 3 -C 6 radical, optionally carrying at least one hydroxyl group, alkoxy whose alkyl part is C 1 -C 4; R 2, which may be identical or different, represent a linear C 1 -C 6 alkyl or branched C 3 -C 6 alkyl radical; R3 representing a linear or branched, saturated C 8 -C 32 hydrocarbon-based radical or comprising one or more unsaturated (carbon-carbon double bonds) conjugated or unsubstituted, optionally bearing at least one hydroxyl group; a radical -CH2O-R'3 with R'3 representing a linear or branched C8 -C32 hydrocarbon radical, saturated or containing one or more unsaturated (carbon-carbon double bonds) conjugated or not, optionally carrying at least a hydroxyl group; n is 1, 2, 3; p is 0,1 or 2 and the sum of n and p is 3; X- represents a counter ion.

According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the cationic surfactant (s) of formula (1) are such that R 3 represents a C 8 -C 32 alkyl radical, preferably C 10 -C 30 radical, or a radical -CH 2 O- R'3 with R'3 representing a C8-C32 alkyl radical, preferably a C10-C30 alkyl radical.

Preferably, the radical R, represents a hydrogen atom. In addition, R 2, which may be identical or different, is more particularly a C 1 -C 4 alkyl radical, preferably methyl. Preferably, n is 2 and p is 1. The electroneutrality of the cationic surfactants of formula (1) is provided by the counterion X- which may be an anion or a mixture of organic or inorganic anions. X represents for example a halide ion such as chloride, bromide, fluoride, iodide; a hydroxide ion; a sulfate ion; a hydrogen sulfate ion; an alkyl sulphate ion for which the linear or branched alkyl part is C1-C6, such as the methyl sulphate or ethyl sulphate ion; carbonate ions and hydrogencarbonates; ions derived from carboxylic acids such as formate, acetate, citrate, tartrate or oxalate ions; alkylsulphonate ions for which the linear or branched alkyl part is C 1 -C 6, such as the methylsulphonate ion; arylsulphonate ions for which the aryl part, preferably phenyl, is optionally substituted by one or more C 1 -C 4 alkyl radicals such as, for example, 4-tolylsulphonate; alkylsulfonyl ions such as mesylate.

As cationic surfactants of formula (1) suitable for the implementation of the invention, mention may be made of the following compounds, taken alone or as a mixture: ## STR1 ##

X- denotes a counterion as defined above. Preferably X- denotes a chloride ion. These compounds are known and may, for example, be prepared by using one or other of the following two reaction schemes: ## STR2 ## ## STR1 ## The route according to the invention advantageously has a content of cationic surfactant (s) of formula (1): ## STR1 ## ## STR1 ## ) ranging from 0.01 to 20%, more preferably from 0.1 to 10%, and preferably from 0.5 to 5% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

The composition according to the invention comprises at least one oxidizing agent.

In particular, this agent is chosen from hydrogen peroxide, urea peroxide, alkali metal bromates or ferricyanides, peroxygenated salts, for example alkali or alkaline earth metal persulfates, perborates and percarbonates, like sodium, potassium, magnesium.

Preferably, the oxidizing agent is hydrogen peroxide.

As previously indicated, the composition according to the invention may comprise one or more oxidation dye precursors. These oxidation dye precursors are chosen from oxidation bases and couplers.

The oxidation bases may be chosen from para-phenylenediamines, bis-phenylalkylenediamines, para-aminophenols, ortho-aminophenols, heterocyclic bases and their addition salts. Among the paraphenylenediamines, there may be mentioned, for example, para-phenylenediamine, paratoluylenediamine, 2-chloro-para-phenylenediamine, 2,3-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine, 2,6-dimethyl paraphenylenediamine, 2,6-diethyl paraphenylenediamine, 2,5-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine, N, N-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine, N, N-diethyl-para-phenylenediamine, N, N-dipropyl-para-phenylenediamine, 4-amino-N, N-diethyl-3-methylaniline, N, N- bis - ([3-hydroxyethyl) paraphenylenediamine, 4-N, N-bis- (3-hydroxyethyl) amino-2-methylaniline, 4-N, N-bis - ((3-hydroxyethyl) amino 2-chloro aniline, 2- (3-hydroxyethyl) paraphenylenediamine, 2-fluoro-para-phenylenediamine, 2-isopropyl-para-phenylenediamine, N - ([3-hydroxypropyl) -paraphenylenediamine, 2-hydroxymethyl-para-phenylenediamine, N, N-dimethyl-3-methyl-para-phenylenediamine N, N- (ethyl, [3-hydroxyethyl) paraphenylenediamine, N - ((3, γ-dihydroxypropyl) paraphenylenediamine, N- (4'-aminophenyl) paraphenylenediamine, N-phenyl-para-phenylenediamine, 2- [3-hydroxyethyloxy-para-phenylenediamine, 2- [3-acetylaminoethyloxy-para-phenylenediamine, N - ([3-methoxyethyl) para-phenylenediamine, 4-aminophenylpyrrolidine, 2-thienyl paraphenylenediamine, 2- (3-hydroxyethylamino-5-amino-toluene, 3-hydroxy-1- (4'-aminophenyl) pyrrolidine and their addition salts with an acid. Among the paraphenylenediamines mentioned above, para-phenylenediamine, paratoluylenediamine, 2-isopropyl paraphenylenediamine, 2- [3-hydroxyethyl paraphenylenediamine, 2- [3-hydroxyethyloxy-para-phenylenediamine, 2,6-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine, , 6-diethyl paraphenylenediamine, 2,3-dimethyl paraphenylenediamine, N, N-bis- (3-hydroxyethyl) paraphenylenediamine, 2-chloro-para-phenylenediamine, 2- [3-acetylaminoethyloxy-para-phenylenediamine, and their addition salts with an acid are particularly preferred. Among the bis-phenylalkylenediamines, mention may be made, by way of example, of N, N'-bis ((3-hydroxyethyl) N, N'-bis (4'-aminophenyl) -1,3-diamino propanol, N, N'-bis - ((3-hydroxyethyl) N, N'-bis- (4'-aminophenyl) ethylenediamine, N, N'-bis- (4-aminophenyl) tetramethylenediamine, N, N'-bis; - ((3-hydroxyethyl) N, N'-bis (4-aminophenyl) tetramethylenediamine, N, N'-bis (4-methylaminophenyl) tetramethylenediamine, N, N'-bis (ethyl) N , N'-bis- (4'-amino, 3'-methylphenyl) ethylenediamine, 1,8-bis (2,5-diamino phenoxy) -3,6-dioxaoctane, and their addition salts. para-aminophenols include, for example, para-aminophenol, 4-amino-3-methylphenol, 4-amino-3-fluoro phenol, 4-amino-3-chlorophenol, 4-amino-3 -hydroxymethyl phenol, 4-amino-2-methylphenol, 4-amino-2-hydroxymethylphenol, 4-amino-2-methoxymethylphenol, 4-amino-2-aminomethylphenol, 4-amino-2 - ([3- hydroxyethyl aminomethyl) phenol, the 4-friend No. 2-fluoro phenol, and their addition salts with an acid.

Among the ortho-aminophenols, mention may be made, for example, of 2-amino phenol, 2-amino-5-methylphenol, 2-amino-6-methylphenol and 5-acetamido-2-aminophenol, and their addition salts. Among the heterocyclic bases that may be mentioned by way of example are pyridine derivatives, pyrimidine derivatives and pyrazole derivatives.

Among the pyridine derivatives, mention may be made of the compounds described for example in patents GB 1,026,978 and GB 1,153,196, such as 2,5-diamino pyridine, 244-methoxyphenyl) amino 3-amino pyridine, 3,4 diamino pyridine, and their addition salts. Other pyridinic oxidation bases useful in the present invention are the 3-amino pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridines oxidation bases or their addition salts described for example in the patent application FR 2801308. By way of example, mention may be made of pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-3-ylamine; 2-acetylamino pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-3-ylamine; 2-morpholin-4-yl-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-3-ylamine; 3-amino-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-2-carboxylic acid; 2-methoxy-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-3-ylamino; (3-aminopyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-7-yl) -methanol; 2- (3-Amino-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-5-yl) -ethanol; 2- (3-Amino-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-7-yl) -ethanol; (3-Amino-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-2-yl) -methanol; 3,6-diamino-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridine; 3,4-diamino-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridine; pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridine-3,7-diamine; 7-morpholin-4-yl-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-3-ylamine; pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridine-3,5-diamine; 5-Morpholin-4-yl-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-3-ylamine 2 - [(3-amino-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-5-yl) - (2-hydroxyethyl) ) -amino] -ethanol; 2 - [(3-Amino-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-7-yl) - (2-hydroxyethyl) amino] ethanol; 3-amino-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-5-ol; 3-amino-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-4-ol; 3-amino-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-6-ol; 3-amino-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-7-ol; as well as their addition salts. Among the pyrimidine derivatives, mention may be made of the compounds described, for example, in DE 2359399; JP 88-169571; JP 05-63124; EP 0770375 or patent application WO 96/15765 such as 2,4,5,6-tetraaminopyrimidine, 4-hydroxy 2,5,6-triaminopyrimidine, 2-hydroxy 4,5,6-triaminopyrimidine, , 4-dihydroxy-5,6-diaminopyrimidine, 2,5,6-triaminopyrimidine and their addition salts and tautomeric forms, when tautomeric equilibrium exists.

Among the pyrazole derivatives, mention may be made of the compounds described in DE 3843892, DE 4133957 and patent applications WO 94/08969, WO 94/08970, FR-A-2 733 749 and DE 195 43 988 as the 4.5 1-methyl pyrazole, 4,5-diamino [3-hydroxyethyl) pyrazole, 3,4-diamino pyrazole, 4,5-diamino-1- (4'-chlorobenzyl) pyrazole, 4,5-diamino diamino 1,3-dimethyl pyrazole, 4,5-diamino-3-methyl-1-phenyl pyrazole, 4,5-diamino-1-methyl-3-phenylpyrazole, 4-amino-1,3-dimethyl-5-hydrazino pyrazole, 1-Benzyl-4,5-diamino-3-methyl-pyrazole, 4,5-diamino-3-tert-butyl-1-methyl-pyrazole, 4,5-diamino-1-tert-butyl-3-methyl-pyrazole, 4,5 1 - ([3-hydroxyethyl) 3-methylpyrazole, 4,5-diamino-1-ethyl-3-methylpyrazole, 4,5-diamino-1-ethyl-3- (4'-methoxyphenyl) pyrazole, 5-diamino-1-ethyl-3-hydroxymethyl pyrazole, 4,5-diamino-3-hydroxymethyl-1-methyl-pyrazole, 4,5-diamino-3-hydroxymethyl-1-isopropyl pyrazole, 4,5-diamino-3-methyl 1-isopropyl pyrazole, 4-amino 5- (2'-aminoethyl) amino 1,3-dimethyl pyrazole, 3,4,5-triamino pyrazole, 1-methyl 3,4,5-triamino pyrazole, 3,5-diamino-1-methyl-4-methylamino pyrazole, 3,5-diamino 4 - ([3-hydroxyethyl) amino-1-methyl pyrazole, and their addition salts. It is also possible to use 4-5-diamino-1 - ([3-methoxyethyl) pyrazole.

As pyrazole derivatives, mention may also be made of diamino N, N-dihydropyazolones and in particular those described in patent application FR 2886136, such as the following compounds and their addition salts: 2,3-Diamino-6,7-dihydro-1 H, 5H-pyrazolo [1,2-a] pyrazol-1-one, 2-amino-3-ethylamino-6,7-dihydro-1H, 5H-pyrazolo [1,2-a] pyrazol-1-one, 2-Amino-3-isopropylamino-6,7-dihydro-1H, 5H-pyrazolo [1,2-a] pyrazol-1-one, 2-amino-3- (pyrrolidin-1-yl) -6,7- dihydro-1H, 5H-pyrazolo [1,2-a] pyrazol-1-one, 4,5-diamino-1,2-dimethyl-1,2-dihydro-pyrazol-3-one, 4,5-diamino- 1,2-diethyl-1,2-dihydro-pyrazol-3-one, 4,5-diamino-1,2-di- (2-hydroxyethyl) -1,2-dihydro-pyrazol-3-one, 2- amino-3- (2-hydroxyethyl) amino-6,7-dihydro-1H, 5H-pyrazolo [1,2-a] pyrazol-1-one, 2-amino-3-dimethylamino-6,7-dihydro-1H 5H-pyrazolo [1,2-a] pyrazol-1-one, 2,3-diamino-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1H, 6H-pyridazino [1,2-a] pyrazol-1-one 4-Amino-1,2-diethyl-5- (pyrrolidin-1-yl) -1,2-dihydro-pyrazol-3-one, 4-amino-5- (3-dimethylamino) pyrrolidin-1-ene yl) -1,2-diethyl-1,2-dihydro-pyrazol-3-one, 2,3-diamino-6-hydroxy-6,7-dihydro-1H, 5H-pyrazolo [1,2-a] pyrazol -1-one. As heterocyclic bases, 4,5-diamino-14 [3-hydroxyethyl) pyrazole and / or 2,3-diamino-6,7-dihydro-1H, 5H-pyrazolo [1,2, A] will preferably be used. pyrazol-1-one and their addition salts. Among the couplers, mention may be made of meta-phenylenediamines, meta-aminophenols, meta-diphenols, naphthalenic couplers, heterocyclic couplers and their addition salts.

By way of example, mention may be made of 1,3-dihydroxybenzene, 1,3-dihydroxy-2-methylbenzene, 4-chloro-1,3-dihydroxybenzene and 2,4-diamino-1 - ([3 hydroxyethyloxy) benzene, 2-amino 4 - ([3-hydroxyethylamino) 1-methoxybenzene, 1,3-diamino benzene, 1,3-bis (2,4-diaminophenoxy) propane, 3-ureido aniline , 3-ureido-dimethylamino benzene, sesamol, 1- [3-hydroxyethylamino-3,4-methylenedioxybenzene, α-naphthol, 2-methyl-1-naphthol, 6-hydroxyindole, 4- hydroxy indole, 4-hydroxy N-methyl indole, 2-amino-3-hydroxy pyridine, 6-hydroxy benzomorpholine 3,5-diamino-2,6-dimethoxypyridine, 1-N- (13-hydroxyethyl) amino-3,4-methylene dioxybenzene, 2,6-bis- (13-hydroxyethylamino) toluene, 6-hydroxyindoline, 2,6-dihydroxy-4-methylpyridine, 1-H-3-methylpyrazole 5- one, 1-phenyl 3-methyl pyrazole 5-one, 2,6-dimethyl pyrazolo [1,5-b] -1,2,4-triazole, 2,6-dimethyl [3,2-c] 1,2,4-triazole, 6-methyl pyrazo lo [1,5-a] benzimidazole, their addition salts with an acid, and mixtures thereof. In general, the addition salts of the oxidation bases and couplers that can be used in the context of the invention are chosen especially from the addition salts with an acid such as hydrochlorides, hydrobromides, sulphates, citrates, succinates, tartrates, lactates, tosylates, benzenesulfonates, phosphates and acetates. The oxidation base (s) each represent, when present, from 0.0001 to 10% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition, and preferably from 0.005 to 5% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition. the composition.

The coupler (s), if present, represent, if present, from 0.0001 to 10% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition, and preferably from 0.005 to 5% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

The composition may also include one or more direct dyes. These direct dyes are, for example, chosen from neutral, acidic or cationic nitro-benzene direct dyes, neutral azo, acid or cationic direct dyes, tetraazapentamethine dyes, neutral or acidic or cationic quinone dyes, in particular neutral anthraquinone dyes and direct azine dyes. , triarylmethane direct dyes, indoamine direct dyes and natural direct dyes. Among the nitrobenzene direct dyes, mention may be made in a nonlimiting manner of the following compounds: 1,4-diamino-2-nitrobenzene, 1-amino-2-nitro-4- (3-hydroxyethylaminobenzene, 1-amino-2-nitro-4 -bis ([3-hydroxyethyl) -aminobenzene, 1,4-Bis ([3-hydroxyethylamino) -2-nitrobenzene, 1- (3-hydroxyethylamino-2-nitro-4-bis - ((3-hydroxyethylamino) -benzene 1- [3- Hydroxyethylamino-2-nitro-4-aminobenzene, 1- (3-hydroxyethylamino-2-nitro-4- (ethyl) (3-hydroxyethyl) -aminobenzene, 1-amino-3-methyl-4 - (3-Hydroxyethylamino-6-nitrobenzene, 1-amino-2-nitro-4- (3-hydroxyethylamino) -5-chlorobenzene, 1,2-Diamino-4-nitrobenzene, 1-amino-2- (3-hydroxyethyl) amino 5-Nitrobenzene, 1,2-Bis - ((3-hydroxyethylamino) -4-nitrobenzene, 1-amino-2-tris (hydroxymethyl) methylamino-5-nitrobenzene, 1-Hydroxy-2-amino-5-nitrobenzene , 1-Hydroxy-2-amino-4-nitrobenzene, 1-Hydroxy-3-nitro-4-aminobenzene, 1-Hydroxy-2-amino-4,6-dinitrobenzene, 1- (3-hydroxyethyloxy-2-) - hydroxyethylamino-5-n itrobenzene, 1-methoxy-2- (3-hydroxyethylamino-5-nitrobenzene, 1- [3-hydroxyethyloxy-3-methylamino-4-nitrobenzene, 1- (3-yl) dihydroxypropyloxy-3-methylamino-4-nitrobenzene, 1 - (3-hydroxyethylamino-4- (3-yl) dihydroxypropyloxy-2-nitrobenzene, 1- [3, y-dihydroxypropylamino-4-trifluoromethyl-2-nitrobenzene, 1- [3-hydroxyethylamino-4-trifluoromethyl-2-nitrobenzene] 1- (3-Hydroxyethylamino-3-methyl-2-nitrobenzene, 1- [3-aminoethylamino-5-methoxy-2-nitrobenzene, 1-Hydroxy-2-chloro-6-ethylamino-4-nitrobenzene, 1-Hydroxy] 2-Chloro-6-amino-4-nitrobenzene, 1-Hydroxy-6-bis- (3-hydroxyethyl) -amino-3-nitrobenzene, 1- [3-hydroxyethylamino-2-nitrobenzene, 1-Hydroxy-4 - [3-hydroxyethylamino-3-nitrobenzene. Among the azo direct dyes, mention may be made of the cationic azo dyes described in patent applications WO 95/15144, WO-95/01772 and EP-714954, the content of which forms an integral part of the invention. Among these compounds, mention may be made in particular of the following dyes: 1,3-dimethyl-2 - [[4- (dimethylamino) phenyl] azo] -1H-imidazolium chloride, 1,3-dimethyl-2-chloride [(4-Aminophenyl) azo] -1H-Imidazolium, 1-methyl-4 - [(methylphenyl-hydrazono) methyl] -pyridinium methylsulfate. Mention may also be made, among the azo direct dyes, of the following dyes, described in the COLOR INDEX INTERNATIONAL 3rd edition: Disperse Red 17, Acid Yellow 9, Acid Black 1, Basic Red 22, Basic Red 76, Basic Yellow 57, Basic Brown 16, Acid Yellow 36, Acid Orange 7, Acid Red 33, Acid Red 35, Basic Brown 17, Acid Yellow 23, Acid Orange 24, Disperse Black 9. Mention may also be made of 1- (4'-aminodiphenylazo) -2-methyl- 4bis - ([3-hydroxyethyl) aminobenzene and 4-hydroxy-3- (2-methoxyphenylazo) -1-naphthalene sulfonic acid.

Among the quinone direct dyes, mention may be made of the following dyes: Disperse Red 15, Solvent Violet 13, Acid Violet 43, Disperse Violet 1, Disperse Violet 4, Disperse Blue 1, Disperse Violet 8, Disperse Blue 3, Disperse Red 11, Acid Blue 62, Disperse Blue 7, Basic Blue 22, Disperse Violet 15, Basic Blue 99, as well as the following compounds: 1-N-methylmorpholiniumpropylamino-4-hydroxyanthraquinone, 1-Aminopropylamino-4-methylaminoanthraquinone, 1-Aminopropylaminoanthraquinone, [3-hydroxyethyl-1,4-diaminoanthraquinone, 2-aminoethylaminoanthraquinone, 1,4-bis- ([3, 4-yl dihydroxypropylamino) anthraquinone. Among the azine dyes, mention may be made of the following compounds: - Basic Blue 17 and Basic Red 2.

Among the triarylmethane dyes, mention may be made of the following compounds: Basic Green 1, Acid Blue 9, Basic Violet 3, Basic Violet 14, Basic Blue 7, Acid Violet 49, Basic Blue 26 and Acid Blue 7. Among the indoamine dyes, mention may be made of the following compounds: 2- [3-hydroxyethlyamino-5- [bis- ([3-4'-hydroxyethyl) amino] anilino-1,4-benzoquinone; -2- [3-hydroxyethylamino-5- (2'-methoxy-4'-amino) anilino-1,4-benzoquinone; 3-N (2'-Chloro-4'-hydroxy) phenyl-acetylamino-6-methoxy-1,4-benzoquinone imine; 3-N (3'-Chloro-4'-methylamino) phenyl-ureido-6-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone imine; 3- [4'-N- (ethyl, carbamylmethyl) amino] -phenyl-ureido-6-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone imine.

Among the natural direct dyes that may be mentioned are lawsone, juglone, alizarin, purpurin, carminic acid, kermesic acid, purpurogalline, protocatechaldehyde, indigo, isatin, curcumin, spinulosin, apigenidine. It is also possible to use the extracts or decoctions containing these natural dyes, and in particular poultices or extracts made from henna. When present, the direct dye (s) more particularly represent from 0.0001 to 10% by weight of the total weight of the composition, and preferably from 0.005 to 5% by weight.

The composition may also comprise at least one alkaline agent. More particularly, the alkaline agent is chosen from inorganic or organic or hybrid alkaline agents or mixtures thereof. The inorganic alkaline agent or agents are preferably chosen from aqueous ammonia, alkali carbonates or bicarbonates, such as sodium or potassium carbonates, and mixtures thereof. sodium or potassium bicarbonates, sodium or potassium hydroxides or mixtures thereof.

The organic alkaline agent (s) is (are) preferably chosen from organic amines whose pKb at 25 ° C. is less than 12, and preferably less than 10, and even more advantageously less than 6. It should be noted that this is pKb corresponding to the highest basicity function. As hybrid compounds, mention may be made of the salts of the amines mentioned above with acids such as carbonic acid and hydrochloric acid.

The organic amines mentioned above, whose pKb at 25 ° C. is less than 12, are chosen, for example, from alkanolamines, ethylene-ethylenediamines which are oxyethylenated and / or oxypropylenated, amino acids and compounds of formula (A) below: Rx Rz ~ NW - N. Ry Rt (A) wherein W is a C 1 -C 6 alkylene radical optionally substituted by a hydroxyl group or a C 1 -C 6 alkyl radical; Rx, Ry, Rz and Rt, which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom, a C 1 -C 6 alkyl or C 1 -C 6 hydroxyalkyl or C 1 -C 6 aminoalkyl radical.

Examples of such amines include 1,3-diaminopropane, 1,3-diaminopropanol, spermine and spermidine. By alkanolamine is meant an organic amine comprising a primary, secondary or tertiary amine function, and one or more linear or branched C 1 -C 8 alkyl groups carrying one or more hydroxyl radicals.

Alkanolamines, such as mono-, di- or trialkanolamines comprising one to three identical or different C1-C4 hydroxyalkyl radicals, are particularly suitable for carrying out the invention.

Among compounds of this type, mention may be made of monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, monoisopropanolamine, diisopropanolamine, N-dimethylaminoethanolamine, 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, triisopropanolamine, and the like. amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, 3-amino-1,2-propanediol, 3-dimethylamino-1,2-propanediol, tris-hydroxymethylaminomethane. More particularly, the amino acids that can be used are of natural or synthetic origin, in their L, D, or racemic form, and comprise at least one acid function chosen more particularly from the carboxylic, sulphonic, phosphonic or phosphoric acid functions. Amino acids can be in neutral or ionic form. As amino acids that may be used in the present invention, mention may in particular be made of aspartic acid, glutamic acid, alanine, arginine, ornithine, citrulline, asparagine, carnitine and cysteine. , glutamine, glycine, histidine, lysine, isoleucine, leucine, methionine, N-phenylalanine, proline, serine, taurine, threonine, tryptophan, tyrosine and valine. Advantageously, the amino acids are basic amino acids comprising an additional amine function optionally included in a ring or in a ureido function. Such basic amino acids are preferably chosen from those corresponding to the following formula (B): ## STR2 ## where R denotes a group chosen from: ## STR2 ## The compounds corresponding to the formula (B) are histidine, lysine, arginine, ornithine, citrulline. The organic amine may also be chosen from heterocyclic organic amines. In addition to the histidine already mentioned in the 30 amino acids, pyridine, piperidine, imidazole, triazole, tetrazole, benzimidazole. The organic amine may also be selected from amino acid dipeptides. As amino acid dipeptides that can be used in the present invention, mention may be made in particular of carnosine, anserin and whale. The organic amine is chosen from compounds containing a guanidine function. As amines of this type that can be used in the present invention, arginine, already mentioned as amino acid, creatine, creatinine, 1,1-dimethylguanidine, 1,1-diethylguanidine can be mentioned in addition, glycocyamine, metformin, agmatine, n-amidinoalanine, 3-guanidinopropionic acid, 4-guanidinobutyric acid and 2 - ([amino (imino) methyl] amino) ethane-1-sulfonic acid. As hybrid compounds, mention may in particular be made of guanidine carbonate or monoethanolamine hydrochloride.

The composition of the invention preferably contains ammonia and / or an alkanolamine such as monoethanolamine.

Advantageously, the composition according to the invention has a content of alkaline agent (s), if they are present (s), ranging from 0.01 to 30% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 20% by weight relative to the total weight of said composition The composition according to the invention may also comprise one or more fatty esters For the purposes of the present invention, "fatty esters" is understood to mean more particularly an ester carboxylic acid comprising in its structure a fatty chain with at least 10 carbon atoms, preferably having from 10 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably from 10 to 22 carbon atoms, and an alcohol which is preferably a monoalcohol, especially C1-C30, more particularly C1-C22, or a sugar.

More particularly, these compounds are chosen from: linear or branched C1-C30 saturated monohydric alcohol esters with monofunctional C 0 -C 30 fatty acids, which may be linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated; esters of linear or branched C 3 -C 8 monohydric alcohols with bifunctional C 10 -C 30 fatty acids, the latter possibly being linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated; - esters and diesters of sugars and fatty acids in 0w-C30; - their mixtures. With regard to the linear or branched C 1 -C 30 saturated monohydric alcohol esters with monofunctional C 6 -C 30 fatty acids, the latter may be linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated. If unsaturated, these compounds may comprise one to three carbon-carbon double bonds (-C = C-), conjugated or otherwise. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, these esters may be chosen in particular from oleate, laurate, palmitate, myristate, behenate, cocoate, stearate, linoleate, linolenate, caprate, arachidonate, or mixtures thereof, such as in particular the 40 palmitates, oleostearates, palmito-stearates of C1-C30 monoalcohols. Among these esters, isopropyl palmitate, isopropyl myristate, octyl dodecyl stearate and isononyl isononate are used more particularly. Among the esters of C3-C8 linear or branched monoalcohols, with linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated C12-C30 bifunctional fatty acids, and more particularly from the isopropyl di-ester of sebacic acid, also called sebacate of The composition may also comprise, as fatty ester, esters and diesters of sugars and fatty acids in the range of from 0 ° to 20 ° C. It is recalled that "sugar" means compounds which have several alcohol functions, with or without an aldehyde or ketone function, and which contain at least 4 carbon atoms. These sugars can be monosaccharides, oligosaccharides or polysaccharides. Suitable sugars include, for example, sucrose (or sucrose), glucose, galactose, ribose, fucose, maltose, fructose, mannose, arabinose, xylose, lactose, and their derivatives. especially alkylated, such as methylated derivatives such as methylglucose. The esters of sugars and of fatty acids may be chosen in particular from the group comprising the esters or mixtures of esters of sugars described above and linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated CW-C22 fatty acids. If unsaturated, these compounds may comprise one to three carbon-carbon double bonds, conjugated or otherwise. The esters may also be chosen from mono-, di-, tri- and tetraesters, polyesters and mixtures thereof. These esters may be, for example, oleate, Iaurate, palmitate, myristate, behenate, cocoate, stearate, iinoleate, iinolenate, caprate, sugar arachidonates, or mixtures thereof, such as in particular the oleo-palmitate, oleostearate, mixed esters, palmito-sugar stearate (s). More particularly, mono- and di-esters, and especially mono- or dioleate, stearate, behenate, oleopalmitate, iolinate, iinolenate, oleostearate, sucrose, glucose or methylglucose are used.

By way of example, mention may be made of the product sold under the name Glucate® DO by the company Amerchol, which is a methylglucose dioleate. Mention may also be made, by way of examples, of esters or mixtures of esters of fatty acid sugar: the products sold under the names F160, F140, F110, F90, F70 and SL40 by the company Crodesta, respectively denoting sucrose palmito-stearates of 73% monoester and 27% di- and tri-ester, 61% monoester and 39% di-, tri- and tetraester, 52% monoester and 48% monoester; % di-, tri- and tetraester, 45% monoester and 55% di-, tri- and tetraester, 39% monoester and 61% di-, tri-, and tetra. -ester, and sucrose mono-Iaurate; the products sold under the name Ryoto Sugar Esters, for example referenced B370 and corresponding to sucrose behenate formed from 20% monoester and 80% di-triester-polyester; the sucrose mono-dipalmito-stearate marketed by Goldschmidt under the name Tegosoft® PSE. Preferably, the fatty ester used is a compound chosen from linear or branched C1-C18 saturated monohydric alcohol esters with monofunctional C14-C18 fatty acids, which may be linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated.

When present, the composition according to the invention has a fatty ester (s) content advantageously ranging from 0.3 to 12.5% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition, preferably 0.5 at 10% by weight.

The composition according to the invention may further comprise one or more fatty alcohols. More particularly, said fatty alcohol is chosen from non (poly) oxyalkylenated alcohols (alkyl having 1 to 3 carbon atoms) and non (poly) glycerolated alcohols, comprising one or more fatty chains having from 10 to 30 carbon atoms, more particularly from 14 to 22 carbon atoms and even more advantageously from 16 to 18 carbon atoms, saturated or unsaturated, the fatty chains being optionally substituted by one or two additional hydroxyl groups. When the alcohol is unsaturated, it comprises from 1 to 3 carbon-carbon double bonds (-C = C-), conjugated or otherwise. Preferably, the fatty alcohol is a monoalcohol.

As examples of fatty alcohols, there may be mentioned lauryl, cetyl, stearyl, behenic, myristic, linoleic, undecylenic, palmitoleic, linolenic, arachidonic, erucic, isoketyl, isostearyl, isobehenyl alcohol, oleic alcohol and their salts. mixtures. Preferably, the composition comprises one or more non (poly) oxyalkylenated and non (poly) glycerolated fatty monoalcohols, comprising from 14 to 22 carbon atoms and more specifically from 16 to 18 carbon atoms, which are saturated. According to one embodiment of the invention, the composition has a content of fatty alcohol (s) ranging from 1 to 25% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition, preferably from 3 to 20% by weight and according to to a still more preferred embodiment of the invention, from 5 to 18% by weight.

The composition according to the invention comprises water or a mixture of water and one or more organic solvents. Examples of organic solvents that may be mentioned include linear or branched C 2 -C 4 alkanols, such as ethanol and isopropanol; glycerol; glycols and glycol ethers such as 2-butoxyethanol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether and monomethyl ether, as well as aromatic alcohols such as benzyl alcohol or phenoxyethanol, and mixtures thereof. The solvent or solvents may be present in proportions ranging preferably from 1 to 90% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition, and still more preferably from 5 to 80% by weight.

The composition according to the invention may also optionally comprise one or more substantive, cationic or amphoteric polymers.

The substantive character (ie the hair depositability) of the polymers is conventionally determined by means of the test described by Richard J. Crawford, Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Chemists, 1980, 31 - (5) - pages 273-278 (disclosure by Red 80 acid dye). These substantive polymers are described in particular in patent application EP 557203. More particularly, it is possible to use polymers chosen from cellulose cationic derivatives, homopolymers of dimethyldiallylammonium halide and copolymers of dimethyldiallylammonium halide and of acid. (meth) acrylic; homopolymers and copolymers of methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium halide; quaternary polyammonium polymers; cationic patterned vinylpyrrolidone polymers, cationic polysiloxanes; their mixtures.

Among the substantive polymers of the dimethyldiallylammonium halide copolymer type that may be used according to the invention, mention may be made in particular of: copolymers of diallyldimethylammonium chloride and of acrylic acid such as that of proportions (80/20 by weight) sold under the Merquat 280 denomination by Calgon; copolymers of dimethyldiallylammonium chloride and of acrylamide sold under the names Merquat 550 and Merquat S by the company Merck.

Among the polymeric polymers of the methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium halide polymer type that may be used according to the invention, mention may be made in particular of the products which are named in the CTFA dictionary (5th edition, 1993) "Polyquaternium 37", "Polyquaternium 32" and "Polyquaternium" 35 ", which respectively correspond, as regards" Polyquaternium 37 ", to the cross-linked poly (methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium) chloride, in a 50% dispersion in mineral oil, and sold under the name Salcare SC95 by the company Allied Colloids, as regards "Polyquaternium 32", to the crosslinked copolymer of acrylamide and methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride (20/80 by weight), in a 50% dispersion in mineral oil, and sold under the name Salcare SC92 by the company Allied Colloids, and as regards the "Polyquaternium 35", with the methosulfate of the copolymer of methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammon and methacryloyloxyethyldimethylacetylammonium, sold under the name Plex 7525L by Rohm GmbH. The substantive polymers of the quaternary polyammonium type which can be used according to the invention are the following:

the polymers prepared and described in French Patent 2,270,846, consisting of recurring units corresponding to the following formula (I): ## STR5 ## especially (CH 2) 3 N + - (CH 2) 6 1 CI-CH 3 CH 3 those whose molecular weight, determined by gel permeation chromatography, is between 9500 and 9900; -the polymers prepared and described in French Patent 2,270,846, consisting of recurring units corresponding to the following formula (2): CH 3 C2H5 - [- N '- (CH2) 3 -N- - (CH2) 3] 1 Br1 Br-CH3 C2H5

especially those whose molecular weight, determined by gel permeation chromatography, is about 1200; The polymers described and prepared in US Pat. Nos. 4,157,388, 4,390,689, 4,702,906 and 4,719,282, and consisting of recurring units corresponding to the following formula (3): ## STR2 ## Wherein p denotes an integer ranging from 1 to about 6, D may be zero or may be in the range of from 1 to 6;

Represent a group - (CH 2) r CO- in which r denotes a number equal to 4 or 7, and in particular those whose molecular mass is less than 100,000, preferably less than or equal to 50,000; such polymers are in particular sold by Miranol under the names "Mirapol A15", "Mirapol AD1", "Mirapol AZ1" and "Mirapol 175"; Among the cationic pattern vinylpyrrolidone (PVP) polymers which can be used according to the invention, mention may be made in particular of: a) vinylpyrrolidone polymers comprising dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate units; these include: the vinylpyrrolidone / dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer (20/80 by weight) sold under the trade name COPOLYMER 845 by the company I.S.P. the vinylpyrrolidone / dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymers quaternized with diethyl sulfate, sold under the names GAFQUAT 734, 755, 755 and 755 L by the company I.S.P. PVP / dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate / hydrophilic polyurethane, sold under the trade name Pecogel GC-310 by the company U.C.I.B. or alternatively under the names AQUAMERE C 1031 and C 1511 by the company BLAGDEN CHEMICALS, PVP / dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate / C8 to C16 olefin, quaternized or non-quarternized, sold under the names Ganex ACP 1050 to 1057, 1062 to 1099, 1079 at 1086, by the company ISP PVP / dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate / vinylcaprolactam, sold under the name GAFFIX VC 713 by the company I.S.P. b) vinylpyrrolidone polymers comprising methacrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium (M.A.P.T.A.C.) units, among which mention may be made in particular of: - Vinylpyrrolidone / M.A.P.T.A.C. copolymers, sold under the trade names GAFQUAT ACP 1011 and GAFQUAT HS 100 by the company I.S.P. c) vinylpyrrolidone polymers comprising methylvinylimidazolium units, and among which may be mentioned more particularly: PVP / methylvinylimidazolium chloride, sold under the names Luviquat FC 370, FC 550, FC 905, HM 552 by the company B.A.S.F. PVP / Methylvinylimidazolium Chloride / Vinylimidazole, sold under the name Luviquat 8155 by the company B.A.S.F. PVV / methylvinylimidazolium methosulfate, sold under the name LUVIQUAT MS 370 by the company B.A.S.F.

Among the cationic polysiloxanes, there may be mentioned in particular (a) the compounds corresponding to the following formula (4): (R 1) a (T) 3-a-Si [OSi (T) 2] n- [OSi (T) b (R 1) Wherein T is a hydrogen atom, or a phenyl, hydroxyl (-OH), or (C1-C8) alkyl, and preferably a methyl (C1-C8) alkyl radical; or C1-C8 alkoxy, preferably methoxy, a denotes the number 0 or an integer of 1 to 3, and preferably 0, b is 0 or 1, and in particular 1, m and n are numbers such that sum (n + m) may vary in particular from 1 to 2,000 and in particular from 50 to 150, n being able to designate a number from 0 to 1,999 and in particular from 49 to 149 and m possibly denoting a number from 1 to 2,000, and in particular from 1 to 10; R1 is a monovalent radical of the formula -CgH2gL wherein q is a number from 2 to 8 and L is an optionally quaternized amino group selected from the groupings: - N (R2) -CH2-CH2-N (R2) 2; - N (R2) 2; -N + (R2) 3 Q-; N + (R2) (H) 2 Q-; - N "R2) 2HQ-; -N (R 2) -CH 2 -CH 2 -N "R 2) (H) 2 Q-, wherein R 2 can denote a hydrogen atom, a phenyl, a benzyl, or a monovalent saturated hydrocarbon radical, for example an alkyl radical C1-C20, and Q-represents a halide ion such as, for example, fluoride, chloride, bromide or iodide. In particular, the amino silicones corresponding to the definition of the formula (5) are chosen from the compounds corresponding to the following formula: NH 1 (CH 2) 2 m NH 2 (5) in which R, R ', R ", identical or different different, denote a C1-C4 alkyl radical, preferably CH3, a C1-C4 alkoxy radical, preferably methoxy, or OH; A represents a linear or branched C3-C8, preferably C3-alkylene radical; C6; m and n are integers depending on the molecular weight and whose sum is between 1 and 2000. According to a first possibility, R, R ', R ", which may be identical or different, represent a C 1 -C 4 alkyl radical or hydroxyl, A represents a C 3 alkylene radical and m and n are such that the weight average molecular weight of the compound is between about 5,000 and 500,000. Compounds of this type are referred to in the CTFA dictionary as "amodimethicone". According to a second possibility, R, R ', R ", which may be identical or different, represent a C1-C4 alkoxy or hydroxyl radical, at least one of the radicals R or R" is an alkoxy radical and A represents a radical alkylene radical. C3. The hydroxyl / alkoxy molar ratio is preferably between 0.2 / 1 and 0.4 / 1 and advantageously equal to 0.3 / 1. Moreover, m and n are such that the weight average molecular weight of the compound is between 2000 and 106. More particularly, n is between 0 and 999 and m is between 1 and 1000, the sum of n and m being between 1 and 1000.

In this category of compounds, mention may be made inter alia of the product Belsil®ADM 652 sold by Wacker. According to a third possibility, R, R ", different, represent a C1-C4 alkoxy or hydroxyl radical, at least one of the radicals R, R" is an alkoxy radical, R 'represents a methyl radical and A represents a radical. C3 alkylene. The molar ratio of hydroxy / alkoxy is preferably between 1 / 0.8 and 1 / 1.1, and advantageously is equal to 1 / 0.95. Furthermore, m and n are such that the weight average molecular weight of the compound is between 2000 and 200000. More particularly, n is between 0 and 999 and m is between 1 and 1000, the sum of n and m being ranging from 1 to 1000. More particularly, mention may be made of FluidWR® 1300, sold by Wacker. According to a fourth possibility, R, R "represent a hydroxyl radical, R 'represents a methyl radical and A is a C4-C8 alkylene radical, preferably a C4 radical, and m and n are such that the average molecular mass by weight of the compound is between 2000 and 106. More particularly, n is between 0 and 1999 and m is between 1 and 2000, the sum of n and m being between 1 and 2000. A product of this type is especially sold under the name DC28299 by Dow Corning.It should be noted that the molecular mass of these silicones is determined by gel permeation chromatography (ambient temperature, polystyrene standard, p styragem columns, eluent THF, flow rate of 1 mm / m, 200 of a solution containing 0.5% by weight of silicone in THF and the detection is carried out by refractometry and UV-metry.) A product corresponding to the definition of formula (5) is in particular the polymer referred to in US Pat. the di CTFA derivative "trimethylsilylamodimethicone", corresponding to the following formula (6): ## STR1 ## 6) in which n and m have the meanings given above according to formula (5). Such compounds are described for example in EP 95238; a compound of formula (5) is for example sold under the name Q2-8220 by the company OSI. (b) the compounds corresponding to the following formula (7): R 4 CH 2 -CHOH-CH 2 -N + (R 3) in which R 3 represents a monovalent hydrocarbon radical at C 1 -C 18, and in particular a C 1 -C 18 alkyl or C 2 -C 18 alkenyl radical, for example methyl; R4 represents a divalent hydrocarbon radical, in particular a C1-C18 alkylene radical or a divalent C1-C18, for example C1-C8, alkyleneoxy radical; Q- is a halide ion, especially chloride; r represents an average statistical value of 2 to 20 and in particular 2 to 8; s represents a mean statistical value of 20 to 200 and in particular 20 to 50. Such compounds are described more particularly in patent US 4185087. A compound in this class is that sold by Union Carbide under the name "Ucar Silicone ALE 56 ". c) the quaternary ammonium silicones of formula (8): ## STR5 ## 8) in which: R 7, which may be identical or different, represent a monovalent hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms, and in particular a C 1 -C 18 alkyl radical, a C 2 -C 18 alkenyl radical or a 5 or 6-membered ring; carbon atoms, for example methyl; R6 represents a divalent hydrocarbon radical, especially a C1-C18 alkylene radical or a divalent C1-C18 alkyleneoxy radical, for example C1-C8 linked to Si by an SiC bond; R8, which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom, a monovalent hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms, and in particular a C1-C18 alkyl radical, a C2-C18 alkenyl radical or a -R6 radical; -NHCOR7; X - is an anion such as a halide ion, especially chloride or an organic acid salt (acetate, etc.); r represents an average statistical value of 2 to 200 and in particular 5 to 100; These silicones are for example described in application EP-A-0530974. d) the amino silicones of formula (9): embedded image in which: R 1, R 2, R 3 and R 4, which may be identical or different, denote a C 1 -C 4 alkyl radical or a phenyl group; R5 denotes a C1-C4 alkyl radical or a hydroxyl group, n is an integer varying from 1 to 5, m is an integer ranging from 1 to 5, and in which x is chosen such that the d amine is between 0.01 and 1 meq / g.

When they are present, the concentration of cationic or amphoteric substantive polymer may vary from about 0.01 to 10% relative to the total weight of the composition, and preferably from 0.1 to 5% by weight relative to the weight of the composition. the composition.

The dyeing composition according to the invention may also comprise various additives conventionally used in the field of the dyeing of human keratin fibers. The composition may thus comprise inorganic or organic thickeners, and in particular fillers such as clays, nonionic, cationic or amphoteric, optionally associative anionic polymers; binders such as vinylpyrrolidone; lubricants such as polyol stearates or stearates of alkali or alkaline earth metals; hydrophilic or hydrophobic silicas; pigments; matting agents such as titanium oxides; anionic, nonionic, cationic, amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants; penetrating agents, sequestering agents, such as ethylenediamine tetraacetic or its salts; moisture-absorbing agents such as amorphous silicas, buffers; dispersants; film-forming agents; preservatives; opacifying agents; vitamins ; perfumes ; ceramides; volatile silicones The additives as defined above may be present in an amount for each of them ranging between 0.01 and 40% by weight, preferably between 0.1 and 30% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition .

The process according to the invention consists in applying the composition which has just been described to human keratin fibers, the latter being able to be dry or moist. If the composition comprises at least one dye, it is a coloring process. If it does not, it is a process of discoloration or lightening.

Usually, the applied composition is obtained by extemporaneous mixing of the various ingredients, including the oxidizing agent. Generally, this composition is obtained by mixing a composition devoid of an oxidizing agent, with a composition comprising it (oxidizing composition). It should be noted that the oxidizing composition and the composition comprising the dye (s) and / or the alkaline agent (s) may contain one and / or the other, one or more cationic surfactants of formula (1).

This oxidizing composition advantageously comprises water and optionally one or more solvents such as, for example, listed in the context of the description of the composition of the invention. The oxidizing composition may be in the form of a solution of an emulsion or a gel.

It may optionally comprise one or more additives conventionally used in the field of human keratin fiber staining, depending on the desired dosage form. We can again refer to the list of additives given above.

The composition of the invention generally has a pH greater than 7 and preferably ranging from 8 to 12. It is specified that the pH of the composition without oxidizing agent and therefore comprising the dye (s) and / or the alkaline agents is generally greater than 8, generally between 8 and 12, and preferably between 9 and 11. The pH of the oxidizing composition is usually less than 7, preferably between 3 and 6. The pH of these compositions can be adjusted to the desired value by means of one or more acidifying agents or one or more alkaline agents usually used in the field. Among the acidifying agents, mention may be made, for example, of mineral or organic acids such as hydrochloric acid, orthophosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, carboxylic acids such as acetic acid, tartaric acid citric acid, lactic acid, sulphonic acids.

Among the alkalinizing agents reference will be made to the lists given previously.

It would also be possible to apply successively and without intermediate rinsing, the composition devoid of oxidizing agent, and the oxidizing composition, in one direction or the other.

The cationic surfactant (s) of formula (1) are indifferently in one and / or the other of the two compositions.

Whatever variant is chosen, the composition applied (resulting from the extemporaneous mixing or from a successive application) is left in place for a duration, in general, of the order of 1 minute to 1 hour, preferably of 10 minutes to 30 minutes. The temperature during the process typically varies from room temperature (15 to 25 ° C) to 80 ° C, preferably from room temperature to 60 ° C. At the end of the treatment, the human keratinous fibers are optionally rinsed with water, washed with shampoo, rinsed again with water and then dried or left to dry.

As indicated above, another subject of the invention consists of a multi-compartment device comprising a first compartment containing a composition comprising at least one dye chosen from oxidation dye precursors, direct dyes or their mixtures, or at least one alkaline agent, or mixtures thereof, and a second compartment containing a composition comprising one or more oxidizing agents, at least one of the two compositions comprising at least one cationic surfactant of formula (1); the dye, the alkaline agent, the oxidizing agent and the cationic surfactant of formula (1) being as defined above.

What has been described above concerning the composition according to the invention, the oxidizing composition, and the various ingredients, their nature and respective proportions, remains valid and will not be repeated again.

The following example serves to illustrate the invention without being limiting in nature.

EXAMPLES 1. Compositions The following compositions are prepared, C (comparative) and 11 to 14 according to the invention, the ingredients of which are listed in Tables 1 and 2 below. These compositions differ in the nature of the cationic surfactant used. It is precise that the amounts are expressed in ° / U by weight of active ingredients, unless otherwise indicated. Table 1 Amounts Isopropyl myristate 2 Cetylstearyl alcohol (C16 / C1 $ 50/50) 12.5 Ammonium hydroxide expressed as NH3 1 Cationic surfactant (1 according to the composition Erythorbic acid 0.3 Sodium metabisulphite 0.45 Paratoluenediamine 0.92 1- [3-hydroxyethyloxy-2,4-diamino-benzene 1,25 1,3-dihydroxybenzene dihydrochloride 0, 21 Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid 0.2 Cetyl palmitate 1.87e Glyceryl stearate 1 Homopolymer methacrylate chloride 2 in the ethyltrimethylammonium state crosslinked in inverse emulsion in mineral oil Salcare SC 950 Water Qsp100 Table 2 Cationic surfactant (1 Mass g ° molar (g / mol) ci-3,77 C 404,16 (0,00737mo1) ci-7.54 C 404,16 (0,01474mo1) 11 OH 424.10 3.12 N - / ~ OH ° H ( 0.00737mo1, n -H2O4H2O4H4O4H4O4H2O4H4O4H2O4H2O4H2O4H4O4H2O4H2O4H2O4H2O4H2O4H2O4H2O4H2O4H2O4H2O4H2O4H2O2H2O4H2O4H2O4H2O4H2O4H2O4H2O4H2O4H2O3H2O4H2O4H2O4H2O4H2O4H2O4H2O4H2O4H2O4H2O4H2O4H2O4H2O2H2O4H2O4H2O4H2O4H2O4H2O4H2O4H2O4H2O4H2O4H2O4H2O3H2O4H2O4H2O4H2O4 66 ~ OH 12 'ci-452.16 OH (0,01474mo1 13 OH 454.13 3.35 O ~ / N + of ci- (0,00737mo1 OH 13' OH 454.13 6.70 O ~ / N + ci- of OH (0.01474mo1 OH 3.55 OH o The surfactants 11 to 14 'are more ecorespectuous than the surfactant C. NB: the surfactants are premixed with the surfactants. fat before being mixed with the other ingredients of the composition. 2. Hair coloring At the time of use, each composition is mixed with an equal weight of hydrogen peroxide at 20 volumes (6 ° / U by weight). A final pH of 9.8 is obtained. Each mixture obtained is applied to locks of gray hair at 90 ° / U of white, natural or permed.

After 30 minutes of exposure at 25 ° C., the locks are rinsed, washed with standard shampoo, rinsed again and then dried.

The dyeing results obtained after hair dyeing are similar with all the compositions C to 14 '.

On the other hand, the compositions 11 ', 12', 13 'and 14' which are ecotoxically acceptable, unlike the composition C ', make it possible to obtain mixing compositions with hydrogen peroxide which are colored less than the mixture resulting from the composition C and have a smell of ammonia felt lower.

Claims (15)

REVENDICATIONS1. A composition comprising: (a) at least one cationic surfactant of the following formula (1): embedded image in which: R 1, which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom, a linear C 1 -C 6 alkyl radical or branched C 3 -C 6 radical, optionally bearing at least one hydroxyl group, alkoxy whose alkyl part is C 1 -C 4; R 2, which may be identical or different, represent a linear C 1 -C 6 alkyl or branched C 3 -C 6 alkyl radical; R3 representing a linear or branched C8 -C32 hydrocarbon radical, saturated or comprising one or more conjugated or unsaturated conjugations, optionally bearing at least one hydroxyl group; a -CH2O-R'3 radical with R'3 representing a linear or branched C8-C32 hydrocarbon radical, saturated or containing one or more conjugated or unsaturated conjugations, optionally bearing at least one hydroxyl group; n is 1, 2, 3; p is 0,1 or 2 and the sum of n and p is 3; X- represents a counter ion; (b) at least one oxidizing agent; (c) at least one dye selected from oxidation dye precursors, direct dyes or mixtures thereof, or at least one alkaline agent, or mixtures thereof. 2. Composition according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the cationic surfactant or surfactants of formula (1) are such that R3 represents a C8-C32 alkyl radical, preferably a 0-C30 radical, or a -CH2O-R radical. With R '3 representing a C 8 -C 32 alkyl radical, preferably a C 10 -C 30 alkyl radical, 3. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cationic surfactant (s) of formula (1) are such that R, represents a hydrogen atom. 4. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cationic surfactant (s) of formula (1) are such that R 2, which may be identical or different, represents a C 1 -C 4 alkyl radical, preferably methyl. 5. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cationic surfactant (s) of formula (1) are such that n is equal to 2 and p is 1. 6. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cationic surfactant (s) of formula (1) are chosen from the following compounds, alone or in mixtures: ## STR2 ## ~ / NH ~ OH X- denotes a counterion and preferably a chloride ion. 7. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the content of cationic surfactant (s) of formula (1) varies from 0.01 to 20% by weight, more particularly from 0.1 to 10% by weight, preferably from 0.5 to 5% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition. 8. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the oxidizing agent is chosen from hydrogen peroxide, urea peroxide, alkali metal bromates or ferricyanides, peroxygenated salts, preferably peroxygen peroxide, hydrogen. 25 9. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dye precursor or precursors are chosen from oxidation bases para-phenylenediamines, bis-phenylalkylenediamines, para-aminophenols, ortho-aminophenols, heterocyclic bases and their selected addition salts and meta-phenylenediamine couplers, meta-aminophenols, meta-diphenols, naphthalenic couplers, heterocyclic couplers and their addition salts. 10. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the direct dye or dyes are chosen from neutral, acidic or cationic nitro benzene direct dyes, neutral azo direct dyes, acidic or cationic, tetraazapentamethine dyes, quinone dyes and in particular neutral, acidic or cationic anthraquinone dyes, azine direct dyes, triarylmethane direct dyes, indoamine direct dyes and natural direct dyes, alone or in mixtures. 11. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the alkaline agent is chosen from inorganic or organic or hybrid alkaline agents or mixtures thereof. 12. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the alkaline agent is ammonia and / or an alkanolamine such as monoethanolamine. 20 13. Process for treating keratin fibers in which a composition according to any one of the preceding claims is applied to the fibers. 14. Multi-compartment device comprising a first compartment containing a composition comprising at least one dye chosen from oxidation dye precursors, direct dyes or their mixtures, or at least one alkaline agent, or mixtures thereof and a second compartment comprising a composition comprising one or more oxidizing agents, at least one of the two compositions comprising at least one cationic surfactant of formula (1); the dye (s), the alkaline agent (s), the oxidizing agent (s), the cationic surfactant (s) of formula (1) being as defined according to any one of the preceding claims. 15. Use of cationic surfactant (s) of formula (1) as defined according to one of claims 1 to 6, for coloring or decolorization of human keratin fibers.