FR2964362A1 - Aircraft i.e. turbine powered transport aircraft, has horizontal tail unit that is fixed on fixed plane of vertical tail unit at distance of root of horizontal tail unit that is lower than specific percent of width of vertical tail unit - Google Patents

Aircraft i.e. turbine powered transport aircraft, has horizontal tail unit that is fixed on fixed plane of vertical tail unit at distance of root of horizontal tail unit that is lower than specific percent of width of vertical tail unit Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2964362A1
FR2964362A1 FR1057000A FR1057000A FR2964362A1 FR 2964362 A1 FR2964362 A1 FR 2964362A1 FR 1057000 A FR1057000 A FR 1057000A FR 1057000 A FR1057000 A FR 1057000A FR 2964362 A1 FR2964362 A1 FR 2964362A1
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vertical
tail unit
horizontal
aircraft
fixed
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FR1057000A
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French (fr)
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FR2964362B1 (en
Inventor
Alain Tanguy
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Airbus Operations SAS
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Airbus Operations SAS
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Publication of FR2964362B1 publication Critical patent/FR2964362B1/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64DEQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D27/00Arrangement or mounting of power plants in aircraft; Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants
    • B64D27/02Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants
    • B64D27/04Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants of piston type
    • B64D27/08Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants of piston type within, or attached to, fuselages
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64CAEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C5/00Stabilising surfaces
    • B64C5/02Tailplanes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64CAEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C5/00Stabilising surfaces
    • B64C5/06Fins
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64CAEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C9/00Adjustable control surfaces or members, e.g. rudders
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64DEQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D27/00Arrangement or mounting of power plants in aircraft; Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants
    • B64D27/02Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants
    • B64D27/026Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants comprising different types of power plants, e.g. combination of a piston engine and a gas-turbine

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Tires In General (AREA)

Abstract

The aircraft (1) has wings arranged laterally with respect to a fuselage (2). A vertical rear tail unit (4) includes a vertical fixed plane (5) and a rudder (6). A horizontal tail unit (7) is fixed on the vertical fixed plane. Two turbopropeller engines (11) are arranged at a rear side of the fuselage. The horizontal tail unit is fixed on the fixed plane of the vertical tail unit at a distance of a root (12) of the horizontal tail unit that is lower than 80 percent of width of the vertical tail unit.

Description

La présente invention concerne un avion à turbopropulseurs, en particulier un avion de transport, à performances améliorées. On connaît déjà des avions à turbopropulseurs du type comportant : un fuselage ; deux ailes disposées latéralement par rapport audit fuselage ; un empennage vertical arrière comprenant un plan fixe vertical et au moins une gouverne de direction ; un empennage horizontal qui est fixé sur ledit plan fixe vertical ; et deux turbopropulseurs qui sont disposés à l'arrière dudit fuselage, Des avions équipés de turbopropulseurs disposés à l'arrière du fuselage comprennent généralement un empennage en T, avec l'empennage horizontal qui est fixé près du sommet du plan fixe vertical de l'empennage vertical. Une telle réalisation permet, notamment, de minimiser les interactions avec le souffle des hélices des turbopropulseurs. De plus, l'empennage vertical et l'empennage horizontal sont ajustés pour satisfaire des critères de qualité de vol. Dans tous les cas, la partie de l'empennage vertical située au- dessus de la localisation de l'empennage horizontal est négligeable par rapport à l'envergure de la dérive. Les empennages horizontal et vertical sont des composants de l'avion qui ont pour but d'assurer des qualités de vol (stabilité, maniabilité, équilibrage quelles que soient les conditions de vol) satisfaisantes. Toutefois, ces empennages génèrent un poids supplémentaire et, à travers un carénage additionnel au niveau de l'intégration de l'empennage horizontal sur l'empennage vertical, une traînée aérodynamique qui est pénalisante pour les performances de l'avion. The present invention relates to a turboprop aircraft, particularly a transport aircraft, with improved performance. There are already known turboprop aircraft of the type comprising: a fuselage; two wings arranged laterally with respect to said fuselage; a rear vertical tail comprising a vertical fixed plane and at least one rudder; a horizontal stabilizer which is fixed on said vertical fixed plane; and two turboprop engines which are arranged at the rear of said fuselage. Aircraft equipped with turboprop engines arranged at the rear of the fuselage generally comprise a T-tail, with the horizontal stabilizer which is fixed near the top of the vertical fixed plane of the aircraft. vertical empennage. Such an embodiment makes it possible, in particular, to minimize the interactions with the blast of the turboprop propellers. In addition, the vertical empennage and the horizontal stabilizer are adjusted to meet flight quality criteria. In all cases, the portion of the vertical stabilizer located above the location of the horizontal stabilizer is negligible compared to the span of the drift. The horizontal and vertical empennages are components of the aircraft whose purpose is to ensure flight qualities (stability, maneuverability, balance whatever the flight conditions) satisfactory. However, these empennages generate additional weight and, through an additional fairing at the level of the integration of the horizontal stabilizer on the vertical tail, an aerodynamic drag that is detrimental to the performance of the aircraft.

L'objet de la présente invention est de perfectionner l'avion mentionné ci-dessus, afin augmenter ses performances, sans pour autant affecter les qualités de vol dudit avion. A cette fin, selon l'invention, l'avion du type comportant : un fuselage ; deux ailes disposées latéralement par rapport audit fuselage ; un empennage vertical arrière comprenant un plan fixe vertical et au moins une gouverne de direction ; un empennage horizontal qui est fixé sur ledit plan fixe vertical ; et deux turbopropulseurs qui sont disposés à l'arrière dudit fuselage, est remarquable en ce que ledit empennage horizontal est fixé sur le plan fixe vertical dudit empennage vertical arrière à une distance de l'emplanture dudit empennage vertical, qui est inférieure à 80% de l'envergure de cet empennage vertical. The object of the present invention is to improve the aircraft mentioned above, to increase its performance, without affecting the flight qualities of said aircraft. For this purpose, according to the invention, the aircraft of the type comprising: a fuselage; two wings arranged laterally with respect to said fuselage; a rear vertical tail comprising a vertical fixed plane and at least one rudder; a horizontal stabilizer which is fixed on said vertical fixed plane; and two turboprop engines which are arranged at the rear of said fuselage, is remarkable in that said horizontal empennage is fixed on the vertical fixed plane of said rear vertical tail at a distance from the root of said vertical tail, which is less than 80% of the span of this vertical empennage.

Ainsi, en abaissant l'empennage horizontal sur l'empennage vertical, par rapport à une architecture usuelle avec un empennage en T, de manière à obtenir un empennage dit «en croix», on augmente le gradient de déflexion par rapport à l'incidence, ce qui réduit la contribution de l'empennage horizontal à la stabilité. On augmente ainsi les performances de l'avion, comme précisé ci-dessous. Dans l'architecture conforme à l'invention avec un empennage en croix : l'empennage horizontal est monté à une hauteur de l'empennage vertical où existe une largeur supplémentaire pour les contraintes d'intégration. Thus, by lowering the horizontal empennage on the vertical stabilizer, compared to a conventional architecture with a tail T, so as to obtain a so-called "cross" tail, the deflection gradient is increased with respect to the incidence , which reduces the contribution of the horizontal stabilizer to the stability. This increases the performance of the aircraft, as specified below. In the architecture according to the invention with a cross tail: the horizontal tail is mounted at a height of the vertical empennage where there is an additional width for the integration constraints.

Ceci permet de réduire les cordes et d'augmenter l'envergure de l'empennage vertical, ce qui accroît l'allongement ; tout en permettant à l'empennage horizontal d'équilibrage de réaliser des déflexions, la surface de l'empennage vertical existant à la partie supérieure peut être utilisée comme carénage ; l'efficacité de l'empennage vertical est alors augmentée en raison de l'augmentation de l'allongement et de la suppression du carénage additionnel au niveau de l'intégration de l'empennage horizontal sur l'empennage vertical ; de plus, les charges de l'empennage horizontal sont appliquées plus bas sur l'empennage vertical, ce qui permet de réaliser un empennage vertical plus léger. Les performances de l'avion sont ainsi augmentées. Dans un mode de réalisation préféré, ledit empennage horizontal est fixé sur le plan fixe vertical dudit empennage vertical arrière à une distance de l'emplanture dudit empennage vertical, qui est comprise entre 30 et 70 % de l'envergure de cet empennage vertical, et qui est de préférence sensiblement égale à 35 % de l'envergure. La présente invention présente, de plus, les avantages suivants : comme l'empennage horizontal est abaissé, la déflexion à partir du souffle des hélices et des ailes est augmentée. La traînée d'équilibrage de l'empennage horizontal est alors réduite, ce qui contribue à améliorer la traînée de l'avion ; au sommet, avec l'empennage horizontal dans la position conforme à l'invention, une barrière naturelle est crée entre les moteurs et le sommet de l'empennage vertical. Une partie de l'empennage vertical est ainsi protégée contre des flux perturbateurs, en particulier lorsque des inverseurs de poussée sont activés. La présente invention permet donc de : réduire la stabilité naturelle de l'avion à travers l'augmentation du gradient de déflexion à la location de l'empennage horizontal ; augmenter l'efficacité aérodynamique de l'empennage vertical due au dérapage afin de réduire sa surface, tout en permettant à l'empennage horizontal d'équilibrage de réaliser des débattements ; et - appliquer les charges de l'empennage horizontal plus bas sur l'empennage vertical, afin de réduire la masse de l'empennage vertical. Grâce à ces caractéristiques, on améliore la manoeuvrabilité de l'avion et on réduit à la fois la masse et la surface des empennages horizontal et vertical, ce qui permet donc d'améliorer les performances de l'avion. Les figures du dessin annexé feront bien comprendre comment l'invention peut être réalisée. Sur ces figures, des références identiques désignent des éléments semblables. La figure 1 est une vue schématique en perspective, de l'avant et du dessus, de la partie arrière d'un avion à empennage en croix, conforme à la présente invention. La figure 2 est une vue schématique de la partie arrière d'un avion usuel à empennage en T, sur lequel on a mis en évidence sous forme de traits superposés les caractéristiques conformes à la présente invention. This reduces the ropes and increases the span of the vertical empennage, which increases the elongation; while allowing the horizontal balancing tail to perform deflections, the surface of the vertical stabilizer existing at the top can be used as fairing; the efficiency of the vertical empennage is then increased due to the increase in elongation and the removal of the additional fairing at the level of the integration of the horizontal stabilizer on the vertical empennage; in addition, the loads of the horizontal stabilizer are applied lower on the vertical empennage, which makes it possible to realize a lighter vertical empennage. The performance of the aircraft is thus increased. In a preferred embodiment, said horizontal empennage is fixed on the vertical fixed plane of said rear vertical tail at a distance from the root of said vertical tail, which is between 30 and 70% of the span of this vertical empennage, and which is preferably substantially equal to 35% of the span. The present invention also has the following advantages: as the horizontal tail is lowered, the deflection from the blast of the propellers and the wings is increased. The balancing drag of the horizontal stabilizer is then reduced, which contributes to improving the drag of the aircraft; at the top, with the horizontal stabilizer in the position according to the invention, a natural barrier is created between the engines and the top of the vertical empennage. Part of the vertical stabilizer is thus protected against disturbing flows, especially when thrust reversers are activated. The present invention therefore makes it possible to: reduce the natural stability of the aircraft by increasing the gradient of deflection at the location of the horizontal tailplane; to increase the aerodynamic efficiency of the vertical stabilizer due to skidding in order to reduce its surface, while allowing the horizontal balancing stabilizer to achieve deflections; and - apply the loads of the horizontal stabilizer lower on the vertical empennage, in order to reduce the mass of the vertical empennage. Thanks to these characteristics, it improves the maneuverability of the aircraft and reduces both the mass and the surface of the horizontal and vertical empennages, which thus improves the performance of the aircraft. The figures of the appended drawing will make it clear how the invention can be realized. In these figures, identical references designate similar elements. Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view, from the front and the top, of the rear portion of a plane with a cross tail according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic view of the rear part of a conventional T-shaped tailplane, on which the characteristics in accordance with the present invention have been highlighted in the form of superimposed lines.

L'avion 1 conforme à l'invention et représenté partiellement sur la figure 1, comporte, de façon usuelle : un fuselage 2, dont seule la partie arrière 3 est représentée ; deux ailes (non représentées) qui sont disposées de façon usuelle, latéralement et symétriquement, par rapport audit fuselage 2 ; un empennage vertical arrière 4 comprenant un plan fixe vertical 5 et au moins une gouverne de direction 6 ; un empennage horizontal 7 qui est fixé sur ledit plan fixe vertical 5 de l'empennage vertical 4. Cet empennage horizontal 7 comporte deux parties d'empennage 8 qui sont agencées symétriquement par rapport à l'empennage vertical 4 et dont chacune comprend un plan fixe horizontal 9 et au moins une gouverne de profondeur 10 ; et deux turbopropulseurs 11 qui sont disposés à l'arrière dudit fuselage, de part et d'autre de l'axe longitudinal de l'avion 1. Selon l'invention, ledit empennage horizontal 7 est fixé sur le plan fixe vertical 5 de l'empennage vertical 4 à une distance D de l'emplanture 12 dudit empennage vertical 4 sur le fuselage 2, qui est inférieure à 80% de l'envergure E de cet empennage vertical 4, c'est-à-dire dans une position abaissée par rapport à un empennage usuel en T. Cette architecture permet d'obtenir un empennage dit «en croix». The aircraft 1 according to the invention and partially shown in Figure 1, comprises, in the usual way: a fuselage 2, of which only the rear portion 3 is shown; two wings (not shown) which are arranged in a usual manner, laterally and symmetrically, relative to said fuselage 2; a rear vertical tail unit 4 comprising a vertical fixed plane 5 and at least one rudder 6; a horizontal empennage 7 which is fixed on said vertical fixed plane 5 of the vertical stabilizer 4. This horizontal empennage 7 comprises two empennage portions 8 which are arranged symmetrically with respect to the vertical empennage 4 and each of which comprises a fixed plane horizontal 9 and at least one elevator 10; and two turboprop engines 11 which are arranged at the rear of said fuselage, on either side of the longitudinal axis of the aircraft 1. According to the invention, said horizontal empennage 7 is fixed on the vertical fixed plane 5 of the vertical tail 4 at a distance D from the root 12 of said vertical tail 4 on the fuselage 2, which is less than 80% of the span E of this vertical tail 4, ie in a lowered position compared to a usual empennage T. This architecture allows to obtain a so-called empennage "cross".

Dans un mode de réalisation préféré, ladite distance D est comprise entre 30 et 70 % de l'envergure E, et est de préférence sensiblement égale à 35 % de cette envergure E. Dans l'architecture conforme à l'invention avec un empennage en croix : l'empennage horizontal 7 est monté à une hauteur de l'empennage vertical 4 où existe une largeur supplémentaire pour les contraintes d'intégration. Ceci permet de réduire les cordes et d'augmenter l'envergure de l'empennage vertical, ce qui accroît l'allongement ; tout en permettant à l'empennage horizontal d'équilibrage de réaliser des déflexions, la surface de l'empennage vertical 4 existant à la partie supérieure peut être utilisée comme carénage ; l'efficacité de l'empennage vertical 4 est alors augmentée en raison de l'augmentation de l'allongement et de la suppression du carénage additionnel au niveau de l'intégration de l'empennage horizontal 7 sur l'empennage vertical 4 ; et de plus de plus, les charges de l'empennage horizontal 7 sont appliquées plus bas sur l'empennage vertical 4, ce qui permet de réaliser un empennage vertical 4 plus léger. Sur la figure 2, on a représenté la partie arrière 13 d'un avion usuel à empennage en T, et on a mis en évidence : - à l'aide de traits continus épais 14 et 15, les contours respectivement de l'empennage vertical 16 et de l'emplanture de l'empennage horizontal 17 dudit avion usuel à empennage en T ; et - à l'aide de traits mixtes épais 18 et 19, les contours respectivement de l'empennage vertical et de l'emplanture de l'empennage horizontal d'un avion 1 conforme à l'invention à empennage en croix. Par conséquent, par rapport à un empennage usuel en T, 5 l'architecture conforme à la présente invention permet : d'augmenter l'allongement ; de réduire l'effilement ; de se passer carénage additionnel au niveau de l'intégration de l'empennage horizontal 7 sur l'empennage vertical 4.In a preferred embodiment, said distance D is between 30 and 70% of the span E, and is preferably substantially equal to 35% of this span E. In the architecture according to the invention with an empennage in cross: the horizontal empennage 7 is mounted at a height of the vertical empennage 4 where there is an additional width for the integration constraints. This reduces the ropes and increases the span of the vertical empennage, which increases the elongation; while allowing the horizontal balancing tail to perform deflections, the surface of the vertical empennage 4 existing at the top can be used as fairing; the efficiency of the vertical empennage 4 is then increased due to the increase in the elongation and the removal of the additional fairing at the level of the integration of the horizontal stabilizer 7 on the vertical empennage 4; and moreover, the loads of the horizontal stabilizer 7 are applied lower on the vertical empennage 4, which allows to realize a vertical empennage 4 lighter. FIG. 2 shows the rear portion 13 of a conventional T-shaped tailplane, and it has been demonstrated: with the aid of thick continuous lines 14 and 15, the contours of the vertical empennage respectively. 16 and the root of the horizontal empennage 17 of said conventional T-tail plane; and with the aid of thick mixed lines 18 and 19, the contours of the vertical stabilizer and the root of the horizontal stabilizer of an aircraft 1 according to the invention having a cross tail. Therefore, compared to a conventional T-tail, the architecture according to the present invention allows: to increase the elongation; to reduce taper; to do without additional fairing at the level of the integration of the horizontal empennage 7 on the vertical empennage 4.

10 La présente invention présente, de plus, les avantages suivants : comme l'empennage horizontal 7 est abaissé, la déflexion relative au souffle des hélices et ailes est augmentée. La traînée d'équilibrage de l'empennage horizontal 7 est alors réduite, ce qui contribue à améliorer la traînée de l'avion 1 ; et 15 à la partie supérieure, avec l'empennage horizontal 7 dans la position conforme à l'invention, une barrière naturelle est crée entre les moteurs et le sommet de l'empennage vertical 4. Une partie de l'empennage vertical 4 est ainsi protégée contre des flux perturbateurs, en particulier lorsque des inverseurs de poussée (non représentés) de l'avion 1 sont activés. 20 The present invention furthermore has the following advantages: As the horizontal stabilizer 7 is lowered, the deflection relative to the blast of the propellers and wings is increased. The balancing drag of the horizontal stabilizer 7 is then reduced, which contributes to improving the drag of the aircraft 1; and at the top, with the horizontal stabilizer 7 in the position according to the invention, a natural barrier is created between the engines and the top of the vertical tail 4. Part of the vertical empennage 4 is thus protected against disturbing flows, in particular when thrust reversers (not shown) of the aircraft 1 are activated. 20

Claims (3)

REVENDICATIONS1. Avion comportant : un fuselage (2) ; deux ailes disposées latéralement par rapport audit fuselage (2) ; un empennage vertical arrière (4) comprenant un plan fixe vertical (5) et au moins une gouverne de direction (6) ; un empennage horizontal (7) qui est fixé sur ledit plan fixe vertical (5) ; et deux turbopropulseurs (11) qui sont disposés à l'arrière dudit fuselage (2), caractérisé en ce que ledit empennage horizontal (7) est fixé sur le plan fixe vertical (5) dudit empennage vertical (4) à une distance de l'emplanture (12) dudit empennage vertical (4), qui est inférieure à 80% de l'envergure de cet empennage vertical (4). REVENDICATIONS1. Aircraft comprising: a fuselage (2); two wings arranged laterally with respect to said fuselage (2); a rear vertical tail unit (4) comprising a vertical fixed plane (5) and at least one rudder (6); a horizontal stabilizer (7) which is fixed on said vertical fixed plane (5); and two turboprop engines (11) which are arranged at the rear of said fuselage (2), characterized in that said horizontal empennage (7) is fixed on the vertical fixed plane (5) of said vertical stabilizer (4) at a distance from the root (12) of said vertical empennage (4), which is less than 80% of the span of this vertical empennage (4). 2. Avion selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ledit empennage horizontal (7) est fixé sur le plan fixe vertical (5) dudit empennage vertical (4) à une distance de l'emplanture (12) dudit empennage vertical (4), qui est comprise entre 30 et 70 % de l'envergure de cet empennage vertical (4). 2. Aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that said horizontal empennage (7) is fixed on the vertical fixed plane (5) of said vertical stabilizer (4) at a distance from the root (12) of said vertical empennage (4) which is between 30 and 70% of the span of this vertical empennage (4). 3. Avion selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que ladite distance est sensiblement égale à 35 % de l'envergure de l'empennage vertical (4). 3. Aircraft according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that said distance is substantially equal to 35% of the span of the vertical empennage (4).
FR1057000A 2010-09-03 2010-09-03 AIRCRAFT WITH TURBOPROPULSORS AND CROSSING. Expired - Fee Related FR2964362B1 (en)

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FR1057000A FR2964362B1 (en) 2010-09-03 2010-09-03 AIRCRAFT WITH TURBOPROPULSORS AND CROSSING.

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FR1057000A FR2964362B1 (en) 2010-09-03 2010-09-03 AIRCRAFT WITH TURBOPROPULSORS AND CROSSING.

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FR2964362A1 true FR2964362A1 (en) 2012-03-09
FR2964362B1 FR2964362B1 (en) 2013-06-28

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109466745A (en) * 2018-12-29 2019-03-15 河北天启通宇航空器材科技发展有限公司 A kind of gyroplane tail structure

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3187420B1 (en) * 2015-12-31 2018-05-23 Airbus Operations S.L. Aircraft with rear mounted engines

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0569894A (en) * 1991-09-17 1993-03-23 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Aircraft
US20030168552A1 (en) * 2002-03-05 2003-09-11 Brown Paul Anthony Aircraft propulsion system and method
CN2642674Y (en) * 2003-10-17 2004-09-22 吴征 Hull type amphibious super-light airplane with two seats arranged longitudinally
FR2892705A1 (en) * 2005-11-03 2007-05-04 Airbus France Sas Aircraft with reduced environmental impact has one or more rear-mounted turboprop engines between vertical fins or horizontal planes of tail assembly

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0569894A (en) * 1991-09-17 1993-03-23 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Aircraft
US20030168552A1 (en) * 2002-03-05 2003-09-11 Brown Paul Anthony Aircraft propulsion system and method
CN2642674Y (en) * 2003-10-17 2004-09-22 吴征 Hull type amphibious super-light airplane with two seats arranged longitudinally
FR2892705A1 (en) * 2005-11-03 2007-05-04 Airbus France Sas Aircraft with reduced environmental impact has one or more rear-mounted turboprop engines between vertical fins or horizontal planes of tail assembly

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109466745A (en) * 2018-12-29 2019-03-15 河北天启通宇航空器材科技发展有限公司 A kind of gyroplane tail structure

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