FR2954817A1 - Permanent device for heating hot water using solar vacuum tube with heat pipes, has solar collector operated at atmospheric pressure and provided with opening that allows filling of water without pressure - Google Patents

Permanent device for heating hot water using solar vacuum tube with heat pipes, has solar collector operated at atmospheric pressure and provided with opening that allows filling of water without pressure Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2954817A1
FR2954817A1 FR0906435A FR0906435A FR2954817A1 FR 2954817 A1 FR2954817 A1 FR 2954817A1 FR 0906435 A FR0906435 A FR 0906435A FR 0906435 A FR0906435 A FR 0906435A FR 2954817 A1 FR2954817 A1 FR 2954817A1
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France
Prior art keywords
water
pressure
collector
solar
heat pipes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
FR0906435A
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French (fr)
Inventor
Jean Seite
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to FR0906435A priority Critical patent/FR2954817A1/en
Publication of FR2954817A1 publication Critical patent/FR2954817A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24SSOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/40Solar heat collectors using working fluids in absorbing elements surrounded by transparent enclosures, e.g. evacuated solar collectors
    • F24S10/45Solar heat collectors using working fluids in absorbing elements surrounded by transparent enclosures, e.g. evacuated solar collectors the enclosure being cylindrical
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24SSOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/90Solar heat collectors using working fluids using internal thermosiphonic circulation
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/44Heat exchange systems

Abstract

The device has solar collector operated at atmospheric pressure. The solar collector is provided with an opening that allows filling of water without pressure and automatic draining of water by gravity. Sensors are arranged in series to preserve self draining properties of the device. A water storage tank stores water directly passed to the collector, and is provided in contact with heat pipes (3) of vacuum tubes (4) without any intermediate exchange, where the heat pipes are made of glass. The collector is formed by an outer envelope (1) and an inner envelope (2).

Description

10 15 20 25 30 La présente invention concerne un dispositif permettant de réaliser un chauffage solaire au moyen de tubes solaires sous vide muni de caloduc en verre dans un collecteur solaire autovidangeable et sans pression. The present invention relates to a device for carrying out solar heating by means of vacuum solar tubes provided with a glass heat pipe in a self-emptying solar collector and without pressure.

Cette invention utilise des tubes sous vide à caloduc en verre dont le brevet d'invention est référencé par le N° EP 1 752 720 Al. Par rapport aux tubes sous vide classiques à caloducs métalliques, ces tubes à caloducs en verre possèdent la propriété d'utiliser beaucoup moins de matière première et d'avoir ainsi un cout de fabrication plus faible ainsi qu'un plus faible impact écologique. Au total, la facilité de fabrication, les bonnes performances thermiques, les propriétés antigel et la faible température de stagnation font de ce tube un très bon compromis entre cout de fabrication et performance thermique. L'utilisation des tubes à caloducs en verre est actuellement cantonnée à être directement au contact de l'eau dans un cuve sans pression ou à être enfichés dans un collecteur en pression avec lequel les tubes réalisent leur échange thermique au moyen d'un contact entre le verre et un métal. La première solution impose que la cuve de stockage imbriquée avec les tubes soit en extérieur. En climat froid cela nuit au rendement thermique et peut endommager la cuve en cas de gel. En cas de forte insolation, la cuve peut aussi monter au delà de la température d'ébullition de l'eau et ainsi se vider en partie nécessitant un apport d'eau supplémentaire. Cet apport d'eau peut à la longue entartrer et endommager la cuve mais aussi détériorer progressivement le rendement de l'installation par le dépôts successifs de carbonate de calcium sur les extrémités des tubes. La deuxième solution nécessite la construction d'un collecteur comprenant un échangeur thermique métallique venant au contact du caloduc en verre. Le coût en matière première et le cout de fabrication reste important. D'autre part le collecteur étant en pression, il ne garantie pas le risque contre le gel et la surchauffe, il nécessite donc l'utilisation d'un fluide caloporteur. This invention uses vacuum heat pipe glass tubes whose patent is referenced by No. EP 1 752 720 A1. Compared with conventional vacuum tubes with metal heat pipes, these heat pipe tubes have the property of use much less raw material and thus have a lower manufacturing cost and a lower environmental impact. In total, ease of manufacture, good thermal performance, antifreeze properties and low stagnation temperature make this tube a very good compromise between manufacturing cost and thermal performance. The use of glass heat pipe tubes is currently limited to being directly in contact with water in a tank without pressure or to be plugged into a pressure manifold with which the tubes perform their heat exchange by means of a contact between glass and a metal. The first solution requires that the storage tank nested with the tubes is outside. In cold climate this affects the thermal efficiency and can damage the tank in case of frost. In case of strong insolation, the tank can also rise beyond the boiling point of the water and thus empty in part requiring additional water supply. This water supply can in the long run scaling and damaging the tank but also gradually deteriorate the efficiency of the installation by the successive deposits of calcium carbonate on the ends of the tubes. The second solution requires the construction of a collector comprising a metal heat exchanger coming into contact with the glass heat pipe. The cost of raw material and the cost of manufacture remains important. On the other hand the collector being in pressure, it does not guarantee the risk against frost and overheating, it therefore requires the use of a heat transfer fluid.

L'invention permet de réaliser une installation solaire comprenant des capteurs solaire tel que défini par l'invention et une cuve de stockage de l'eau situé à l'abri en intérieur. En cas de chauffe suffisante des capteurs, l'eau de la cuve est envoyée directement dans les capteurs pour y être réchauffée. Lorsque la température des capteurs est insuffisante pour réchauffer la cuve, l'eau contenue dans les capteurs se vidange par gravité dans le ballon. L'eau n'étant dans les capteurs qu'en cas de besoin, il ne peut y avoir de gel. Si la température des capteurs montent au delà du point d'ébullition de l'eau alors le système ne se met pas en route et le protège ainsi de la surchauffe. Dans ce cas de figure, la température de stagnation des tubes ne dépasse pas 130°C ce qui préserve le capteur contre les dégâts inhérents aux hautes températures. L'échange thermique avec l'eau de la cuve est direct, il n'existe pas d'échangeur. Le rendement en est amélioré ainsi que le coût de fabrication du collecteur. L'utilisation de l'eau comme vecteur de 1' échange thermique augmente aussi le rendement ainsi que le cout et l'impact écologique de The invention makes it possible to produce a solar installation comprising solar collectors as defined by the invention and a water storage tank located inside the shelter. In case of sufficient heating of the sensors, the water of the tank is sent directly into the sensors to be heated. When the temperature of the sensors is insufficient to heat the tank, the water contained in the sensors is drained by gravity into the tank. As the water is in the sensors only when needed, there can be no freezing. If the temperature of the sensors rises above the boiling point of the water then the system will not start and protect it from overheating. In this case, the stagnation temperature of the tubes does not exceed 130 ° C which preserves the sensor against the damage inherent to high temperatures. The heat exchange with the water of the tank is direct, there is no exchanger. The yield is improved as well as the manufacturing cost of the collector. The use of water as a vector of heat exchange also increases the yield as well as the cost and ecological impact of

l'installation. Les dessins annexés illustrent l'invention : Figure 1 : Dispositif de l'invention Figure 2 : Variante de l'invention Figure 3 : Autre variante de l'invention Figure 4 : Autre variante de l'invention En référence à ces dessins, le dispositif comporte un collecteur formé par une enveloppe externe(1) et une enveloppe interne(2) séparées par une couche d'isolant thermique. La partie 15 inférieure du collecteur est percée d'orifices afin d'accueillir les tubes sous vides. Seule la partie caloduc(3) du tube sous vide pénètre dans le collecteur. Le reste du tube(4) est exposé au soleil. Les dimensions du collecteur sont variables en fonctions du nombre de tubes sous vide à placer. Il existe deux variantes principales suivant que le collecteur comporte 2 ou 4 orifices. Ces orifices permettent l'écoulement de l'eau dans le collecteur. Dans ces deux variantes, les orifices sont placés de telle façon que lorsque le collecteur se rempli, la quasi totalité de l'air contenu 20 dans les capteurs puissent s'en échapper et lorsque le système solaire est en arrêt, la quasi totalité de l'eau sort du capteur par gravité et par siphonnage. Dans les 2 variantes plusieurs capteurs peuvent être reliés en série sans que cela nuise au remplissage et à la vidange de l'ensemble. Dans la première variante FIG 1 et FIG 2, le collecteur est muni de 4 orifices disposés sur les faces latérales(5)(6) ou sur la face postérieure du collecteur(7)(8). L'eau est injecté par un des 25 orifices bas et récupérée de l'autre coté par l'orifice supérieur. Les orifices libres sont bouchés. Dans la deuxième variante FIG 3 et FIG 4 , le collecteur est muni de 2 orifices sur la face latérale(9)(10) ou sur la face postérieure(11)(12). Dans ce cas un des orifices est muni d'une canule de siphonnage (12)(10) descendant dans le fond du collecteur. L'eau entre par l'orifice comportant la canule de siphonnage et ressort de l'autre coté. Le capteur ainsi défini selon l'invention est particulièrement destiné à la réalisation de système 30 de chauffage solaire bon marché, pourvu d'un bon rendement, ne nécessitant aucune mesure ou organe de sécurité pour lutter contre le gel ou la surchauffe et ayant un impact écologique moindre lors de la fabrication. 10 installation. The attached drawings illustrate the invention: Figure 1: Device of the invention Figure 2: Variant of the invention Figure 3: Another variant of the invention Figure 4: Another variant of the invention With reference to these drawings, the device comprises a collector formed by an outer envelope (1) and an inner envelope (2) separated by a layer of thermal insulation. The lower part of the manifold is pierced with orifices to accommodate the vacuum tubes. Only the heat pipe portion (3) of the vacuum tube enters the manifold. The rest of the tube (4) is exposed to the sun. The dimensions of the collector are variable depending on the number of vacuum tubes to be placed. There are two main variants depending on whether the manifold has 2 or 4 holes. These orifices allow the flow of water into the collector. In these two variants, the orifices are placed in such a way that, when the collector is full, almost all the air contained in the collectors can escape from it and when the solar system is off, almost all the water comes out of the sensor by gravity and siphoning. In both variants, several sensors can be connected in series without affecting the filling and emptying of the assembly. In the first variant FIG 1 and 2, the collector is provided with 4 orifices disposed on the lateral faces (5) (6) or on the rear face of the collector (7) (8). Water is injected through one of the bottom ports and recovered from the other side through the top port. The free openings are blocked. In the second variant FIG 3 and FIG 4, the collector is provided with 2 holes on the lateral face (9) (10) or on the rear face (11) (12). In this case one of the orifices is provided with a siphoning cannula (12) (10) descending into the bottom of the collector. The water enters through the orifice with the siphoning cannula and spring on the other side. The sensor thus defined according to the invention is particularly intended for the realization of a solar heating system 30 cheap, provided with a good performance, requiring no measure or safety organ to fight against freezing or overheating and having an impact less ecological during manufacture. 10

Claims (3)

REVENDICATIONS1. Dispositif permettant de chauffer de l'eau chaude au moyen de tube sous vide avec caloduc en verre caractérisé en ce que il utilise un collecteur autovidangeable à pression atmosphérique. REVENDICATIONS1. Device for heating hot water by means of vacuum tube with a glass heat pipe characterized in that it uses a self-expanding collector at atmospheric pressure. 2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que le collecteur doit disposer d'orifices permettant un remplissage complet sans pression et une vidange complète par gravité. 2. Device according to claim 1 characterized in that the collector must have orifices for complete filling without pressure and complete emptying by gravity. 3. Dispositif selon la revendication 2 caractérisé en ce que le montage en série de plusieurs capteurs conserve les propriétés autovidangeable de l'invention. 15 20 25 30 3. Device according to claim 2 characterized in that the series connection of several sensors retains the self-limiting properties of the invention. 15 20 25 30
FR0906435A 2009-12-31 2009-12-31 Permanent device for heating hot water using solar vacuum tube with heat pipes, has solar collector operated at atmospheric pressure and provided with opening that allows filling of water without pressure Withdrawn FR2954817A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0906435A FR2954817A1 (en) 2009-12-31 2009-12-31 Permanent device for heating hot water using solar vacuum tube with heat pipes, has solar collector operated at atmospheric pressure and provided with opening that allows filling of water without pressure

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0906435A FR2954817A1 (en) 2009-12-31 2009-12-31 Permanent device for heating hot water using solar vacuum tube with heat pipes, has solar collector operated at atmospheric pressure and provided with opening that allows filling of water without pressure

Publications (1)

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FR2954817A1 true FR2954817A1 (en) 2011-07-01

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FR0906435A Withdrawn FR2954817A1 (en) 2009-12-31 2009-12-31 Permanent device for heating hot water using solar vacuum tube with heat pipes, has solar collector operated at atmospheric pressure and provided with opening that allows filling of water without pressure

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4474170A (en) * 1981-08-06 1984-10-02 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Glass heat pipe evacuated tube solar collector
WO2008060167A1 (en) * 2006-11-14 2008-05-22 Lanwood Industries Limited System and method for heating water
US20090205635A1 (en) * 2005-10-08 2009-08-20 Kwak Hee Youl Evacuated Tubular Solar Collector with Eccentric Type Manifold Flange

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4474170A (en) * 1981-08-06 1984-10-02 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Glass heat pipe evacuated tube solar collector
US20090205635A1 (en) * 2005-10-08 2009-08-20 Kwak Hee Youl Evacuated Tubular Solar Collector with Eccentric Type Manifold Flange
WO2008060167A1 (en) * 2006-11-14 2008-05-22 Lanwood Industries Limited System and method for heating water

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Effective date: 20160831