FR2949830A1 - Hollow crankshaft for engine e.g. four cylinders engine, for motor vehicle, has complementary partial crankpin assembled to partial crankpin of main parts along assembly plane that extends parallel to assembly plane of main parts - Google Patents
Hollow crankshaft for engine e.g. four cylinders engine, for motor vehicle, has complementary partial crankpin assembled to partial crankpin of main parts along assembly plane that extends parallel to assembly plane of main parts Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2949830A1 FR2949830A1 FR0956061A FR0956061A FR2949830A1 FR 2949830 A1 FR2949830 A1 FR 2949830A1 FR 0956061 A FR0956061 A FR 0956061A FR 0956061 A FR0956061 A FR 0956061A FR 2949830 A1 FR2949830 A1 FR 2949830A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- crankshaft
- crankpin
- zone
- main parts
- plane
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C3/00—Shafts; Axles; Cranks; Eccentrics
- F16C3/04—Crankshafts, eccentric-shafts; Cranks, eccentrics
- F16C3/06—Crankshafts
- F16C3/10—Crankshafts assembled of several parts, e.g. by welding by crimping
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/06—Making machine elements axles or shafts
- B21K1/08—Making machine elements axles or shafts crankshafts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C3/00—Shafts; Axles; Cranks; Eccentrics
- F16C3/04—Crankshafts, eccentric-shafts; Cranks, eccentrics
- F16C3/06—Crankshafts
- F16C3/14—Features relating to lubrication
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
- F16C33/08—Attachment of brasses, bushes or linings to the bearing housing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2226/00—Joining parts; Fastening; Assembling or mounting parts
- F16C2226/30—Material joints
- F16C2226/36—Material joints by welding
Abstract
Description
VILEBREQUIN A PLAN DE JOINT DECALE POUR MOTEURS NOTAMMENT POUR VEHICULES ET SON PROCEDE DE FABRICATION L'invention se rattache au secteur technique des vilebrequins pour moteurs utilisés pour les véhicules du type automobiles, poids lourds, ces vilebrequins pouvant être obtenus par forgeage ou pouvant être creux et conformés par assemblage de deux coquilles par toute technique appropriée. The invention relates to the technical sector of crankshafts for engines used for vehicles of the automotive, heavy truck type, these crankshafts being obtainable by forging or can be hollow. and shaped by assembling two shells by any suitable technique.
Le problème posé est le suivant. Le vilebrequin composé de tourillons (la) et de manetons (lb) illustré figure 1 est susceptible de présenter des zones critiques (zc) situées sur le maneton côté plateau au niveau du plan de joint et de la gorge de celui-ci. On a ainsi représenté aux figures 2 et 3, en vues partielles agrandies, une partie du vilebrequin avec l'identification par (zc) de la zone critique. Les fissures peuvent se générer par : - une concentration d'impuretés matières dans la zone critique - une coupure de fibres au niveau du plan de joint - le travail en traction û compression du vilebrequin de la zone critique Si l'on se réfère aux figures 4 et 5 illustrant une partie du vilebrequin et une coupe selon la ligne A-A au niveau du maneton, on a représenté par (lc) la génératrice périphérique du maneton brut de forge, et par (ld) la génératrice périphérique de la même section mais usinée. Cet usinage génère ainsi une coupure des fibres de la pièce forgée puis usinée avec des conséquences sur sa tenue en fatigue. The problem is the following. The crankshaft consisting of pins (la) and crank pins (lb) shown in Figure 1 is likely to have critical areas (zc) located on the platen-side crankpin at the joint plane and groove thereof. FIGS. 2 and 3 show, in partial enlarged views, a part of the crankshaft with the identification by (zc) of the critical zone. The cracks can be generated by: - a concentration of material impurities in the critical zone - a cut of fibers at the joint plane - the work in traction - compression of the crankshaft of the critical zone Referring to the figures 4 and 5 illustrating a part of the crankshaft and a section along the line AA at the crankpin, it is represented by (lc) the peripheral generator of the raw crank pin, and by (ld) the peripheral generator of the same section but machined . This machining thus generates a cutting of the fibers of the forged part and then machined with consequences on its fatigue strength.
Le plan de joint de la pièce forgée telle que le vilebrequin est une zone où la matière se trouve en très forte compression avec une grande concentration d'impuretés matières due au mouvement de la matière pendant l'opération de forgeage. On a ainsi représenté en figure 6 la section du maneton avec la représentation du fibrage matière longitudinal dans le vilebrequin. On identifie clairement la zone critique (zc). On a représenté en traits continus la section du maneton une fois usinée, et on identifie parfaitement la zone de coupe de certaines fibres à l'usinage et le fort taux de compression de la matière. The joint plane of the forging part such as the crankshaft is an area where the material is in very high compression with a high concentration of material impurities due to the movement of the material during the forging operation. FIG. 6 shows the section of the crankpin with the representation of the longitudinal material fiberization in the crankshaft. The critical zone (zc) is clearly identified. The section of the crankpin once machined is shown in solid lines, and the cutting zone of certain fibers is clearly identified at the machining and the high compression ratio of the material.
Cette problématique étant posée et les inconvénients parfaitement identifiés, le Demandeur a cherché à y remédier, ce qui était loin d'être évident, compte tenu de l'ancienneté de ce problème et de l'absence de réponse pour y remédier par le Demandeur et les autres fabricants de vilebrequins pour moteurs qui sont nombreux. This problem being posed and the disadvantages perfectly identified, the Applicant sought to remedy this, which was far from obvious, given the age of this problem and the lack of response to remedy by the Applicant and other manufacturers of crankshafts for engines that are numerous.
On pourrait envisager de travailler sur le renforcement des zones critiques avec d'éventuels traitements de surfaces générant des opérations supplémentaires et délicates à mettre en application, sauf à traiter l'ensemble du vilebrequin et non les zones critiques identifiées. One could consider working on strengthening critical areas with possible surface treatments generating additional operations and delicate to implement, except to treat the entire crankshaft and not the critical areas identified.
La démarche du Demandeur s'est orientée différemment en travaillant non plus sur les zones critiques précitées, mais à partir d'une réflexion sur le plan de joint. The Applicant's approach was oriented differently by working no longer on the aforementioned critical areas, but from a reflection on the joint plan.
La solution apportée répond au problème posé en évitant la concentration d'importantes matières dans les zones critiques considérées, et d'autre part, en améliorant la tenue du vilebrequin en fatigue. Selon une première caractéristique de l'invention, le vilebrequin pour moteurs à plan de joint notamment pour véhicules, est remarquable en ce que le plan de joint est décalé soit de manière locale sur chaque maneton, soit sur tout le pourtour périphérique du vilebrequin par rapport à son emplacement initial situé en demi-partie diamétrale, et en ce que le décalage d du plan de joint a pour fonction d'excentrer la zone de concentration d'impuretés matières et la contraction des fibres au forgeage par rapport à la zone critique (zc) de fissuration. The solution provided responds to the problem by avoiding the concentration of important materials in the critical areas considered, and secondly, by improving the life of the crankshaft in fatigue. According to a first characteristic of the invention, the crankshaft for flat-sided engines, particularly for vehicles, is remarkable in that the joint plane is shifted either locally on each crank pin, or all around the periphery of the crankshaft relative to the crankshaft. at its initial location located in diametrical half-portion, and in that the offset of the joint plane has the function of off-centering the concentration zone of material impurities and the contraction of the fibers during forging relative to the critical zone ( zc) cracking.
Ces caractéristiques et d'autres encore ressortiront bien de la suite de la description. These and other characteristics will be apparent from the rest of the description.
Pour fixer l'objet de l'invention illustrée d'une manière non limitative aux figures des dessins où : - la figure 1 est une vue d'un vilebrequin selon l'art antérieur. - la figure 2 est une vue à grande échelle d'une partie de vilebrequin mettant en valeur le maneton et la zone critique. - la figure 3 est une vue partielle et en perspective illustrant le vilebrequin et son plan de joint. - la figure 4 est une vue partielle illustrant la partie maneton d'un vilebrequin après forgeage. - la figure 5 est une vue en coupe selon la ligne A-A de la figure 4. - la figure 6 est une vue en section du maneton avec la représentation des fibres matières après l'opération de forgeage. - la figure 7 est une vue de face d'un vilebrequin avec plan de joint décalé selon l'invention. - la figure 8 est une vue complémentaire à la figure 7, en perspective du vilebrequin illustrant le lignage du plan de joint. - la figure 9 est une vue similaire à la figure 4, mais du vilebrequin à plan de joint décalé selon l'invention. - la figure 10 est une vue en coupe selon la ligne B-B de la figure 9. - la figure 11 est une vue similaire à la figure 6, mais du vilebrequin à plat de joint décalé, avec représentation des fibres matières après l'opération de forgeage. - la figure 12 est une vue en variante de la figure 10. - la figure 13 est une vue similaire à la figure 11, mais sera la variante de la figure 12. For fixing the object of the invention illustrated in a non-limiting manner to the drawing figures in which: - Figure 1 is a view of a crankshaft according to the prior art. - Figure 2 is a large scale view of a crankshaft portion highlighting the crankpin and the critical zone. - Figure 3 is a partial view in perspective illustrating the crankshaft and its joint plane. - Figure 4 is a partial view illustrating the crank portion of a crankshaft after forging. - Figure 5 is a sectional view along the line A-A of Figure 4. - Figure 6 is a sectional view of the pin with the representation of fiber material after the forging operation. - Figure 7 is a front view of a crankshaft with staggered joint plane according to the invention. - Figure 8 is a view complementary to Figure 7, in perspective of the crankshaft illustrating the lineage of the joint plane. - Figure 9 is a view similar to Figure 4, but the crankshaft offset joint plane according to the invention. FIG. 10 is a sectional view along the line BB of FIG. 9. FIG. 11 is a view similar to FIG. 6, but of the crankshaft with a flat offset plate, with representation of the material fibers after the operation of FIG. forging. FIG. 12 is an alternative view of FIG. 10. FIG. 13 is a view similar to FIG. 11, but will be the variant of FIG. 12.
Afin de rendre plus concret l'objet de l'invention, on le décrit maintenant d'une manière non limitative illustrée aux figures des dessins. 10 Le vilebrequin selon l'invention tel qu'illustré aux figures 7 à 13, est remarquable en ce que son plan de joint (P) est décalé soit de manière locale sur chaque maneton, soit sur tout le pourtour périphérique du vilebrequin par rapport à son emplacement initial situé en demi-partie diamétrale, comme 15 représenté figures 3 à 6 par exemple selon l'art antérieur. Ce décalage identifié par d du plan de joint a pour fonction d'excentrer la zone de concentration d'impuretés matières et la contraction des fibres au forgeage par rapport à la zone critique (zc) de fissuration. In order to make the object of the invention more concrete, it is now described in a nonlimiting manner illustrated in the figures of the drawings. The crankshaft according to the invention as illustrated in FIGS. 7 to 13, is remarkable in that its joint plane (P) is shifted either locally on each crank pin, or all around the peripheral periphery of the crankshaft with respect to its initial location located in diametrical half-portion, as shown in Figures 3 to 6 for example according to the prior art. This offset identified by d of the joint plane has the function of off-centering the concentration zone of material impurities and the contraction of the fibers during forging relative to the critical zone (zc) of cracking.
20 En se référant aux figures 7 à 9, à l'endroit du maneton, le plan de joint (P) se situe dans un plan supérieur à la ligne de joint (P1) (comme illustré sur les figures, mais peut se situer dans un plan inférieur) établie sur les tourillons avec une ligne de liaison (P2) de joint entre elles établie sur les ailes (le) de raccordement du maneton aux tourillons. Cette ligne de liaison 25 (P2) se trouve en oblique vers le haut du tourillon au maneton correspondant. Le plan de joint se situe donc hors de la zone de fissuration principale du vilebrequin. En se référant aux figures 9 et 10, le décalage du plan de joint au niveau du maneton permet d'éloigner et d'externaliser la zone de concentration des fibres avec en conséquence une limitation des fibres coupées lors de l'usinage. Referring to FIGS. 7 to 9, at the crankpin point, the joint plane (P) lies in a plane greater than the joint line (P1) (as illustrated in the figures, but may be located in a lower plane) established on the trunnions with a connection line (P2) of seal between them established on the flanges (1a) connecting the crankpin to the trunnions. This connecting line 25 (P2) is obliquely upwardly from the pin to the corresponding pin. The joint plane is therefore outside the main cracking zone of the crankshaft. Referring to FIGS. 9 and 10, the offset of the joint plane at the crankpin makes it possible to remove and externalize the zone of concentration of the fibers with a consequent limitation of the fibers cut during machining.
Ce décalage du plan de joint s'effectue dans ce cas par rapport au plan diamétral du vilebrequin. Par ce décalage du plan de joint, cela permet de diminuer très fortement les sorties de fibres à l'usinage. Le taux de compression de la matière et la concentration des impuretés ne se trouve plus dans la zone critique de fissuration du vilebrequin et on améliore la tenue : la fatigue de celui-ci. This offset of the joint plane is made in this case relative to the diametral plane of the crankshaft. By this offset of the joint plane, it makes it possible to very strongly reduce the outputs of fibers during machining. The compression ratio of the material and the concentration of the impurities is no longer in the crankshaft critical cracking zone and the strength: fatigue of the crankshaft is improved.
On a illustré aux figures 12 et 13 une autre variante de l'invention dans le décalage du plan de joint pour assurer la même fonction pour diminuer la concentration des impuretés matières et les sorties de fibres au niveau de la zone critique de formation du vilebrequin. A cet effet, le vilebrequin est fabriqué dans la zone diamétrale du vilebrequin disposé localement à l'endroit des manetons ou sur son pourtour périphérique avec des bourrelets (1g) symétriques disposés avant la zone limite d'ébavurage représentée par des traits verticaux (te) en décalant ainsi le plan de joint dans le plan diamétral du vilebrequin. C'est le bourrelet ainsi réalisé lors du forgeage qui reçoit et présente la zone où la matière est fortement comprimée avec la concentration des impuretés de matières. La configuration des bourrelets peut être locale au niveau des manetons, ou être réalisée sur toute la périphérie du vilebrequin. FIGS. 12 and 13 illustrate another variant of the invention in the offset of the joint plane to ensure the same function for decreasing the concentration of material impurities and the fiber exits at the critical zone of formation of the crankshaft. For this purpose, the crankshaft is manufactured in the diametral zone of the crankshaft disposed locally at the crank pin or at its peripheral periphery with symmetrical beads (1g) arranged before the deburring limit zone represented by vertical lines (te). thus shifting the joint plane in the diametral plane of the crankshaft. It is the bead thus produced during the forging which receives and presents the zone where the material is strongly compressed with the concentration of impurities of materials. The configuration of the beads may be local at the crank pins, or be performed on the entire periphery of the crankshaft.
La solution apportée par le Demandeur permet une tenue en fatigue améliorée du vilebrequin ainsi réalisé. The solution provided by the Applicant allows improved fatigue life of the crankshaft thus produced.
Le procédé de fabrication du vilebrequin selon l'invention consiste donc lors du forgeage du vilebrequin en une ou deux parties à mettre en oeuvre un plan de joint décalé par rapport à la ou les zones critique de fissuration situées au niveau des manetons, de sorte qu'après usinage du vilebrequin, on obtienne une limitation des fibres matières coupées. The method of manufacturing the crankshaft according to the invention therefore consists in forging the crankshaft in one or two parts to implement a joint plane offset from the critical cracking zone or zones at the crank pins, so that After machining of the crankshaft, a limitation of the cut material fibers is obtained.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0956061A FR2949830A1 (en) | 2009-09-07 | 2009-09-07 | Hollow crankshaft for engine e.g. four cylinders engine, for motor vehicle, has complementary partial crankpin assembled to partial crankpin of main parts along assembly plane that extends parallel to assembly plane of main parts |
FR1050435A FR2949831B1 (en) | 2009-09-07 | 2010-01-22 | HOLLOW CRANKSHAFT WITH DECAL JOINT PLAN |
BR112012004650-0A BR112012004650B1 (en) | 2009-09-07 | 2010-08-10 | HOLLOW CRANKSHAFT HAVING AN AXIAL SYMMETRY PLAN AND MANUFACTURING METHOD |
PCT/FR2010/051687 WO2011027063A1 (en) | 2009-09-07 | 2010-08-10 | Hollow crankshaft having an offset junction plane |
EP10761034.7A EP2475479B1 (en) | 2009-09-07 | 2010-08-10 | Hollow crankshaft having an offset junction plane |
CN201080039925.7A CN102712032B (en) | 2009-09-07 | 2010-08-10 | Hollow crankshaft having an offset junction plane |
ES10761034T ES2424861T3 (en) | 2009-09-07 | 2010-08-10 | Hollow crankshaft with displaced joint plane |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0956061A FR2949830A1 (en) | 2009-09-07 | 2009-09-07 | Hollow crankshaft for engine e.g. four cylinders engine, for motor vehicle, has complementary partial crankpin assembled to partial crankpin of main parts along assembly plane that extends parallel to assembly plane of main parts |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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FR2949830A1 true FR2949830A1 (en) | 2011-03-11 |
Family
ID=42102751
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
FR0956061A Pending FR2949830A1 (en) | 2009-09-07 | 2009-09-07 | Hollow crankshaft for engine e.g. four cylinders engine, for motor vehicle, has complementary partial crankpin assembled to partial crankpin of main parts along assembly plane that extends parallel to assembly plane of main parts |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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FR (1) | FR2949830A1 (en) |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR886764A (en) * | 1941-10-14 | 1943-10-25 | Siepmann Werke | Crank and its manufacturing process |
DE3106457A1 (en) * | 1980-02-27 | 1982-01-21 | Diesel Kiki Co. Ltd., Tokyo | Method for the production of an object having a plurality of longitudinally distributed projections by forging |
EP0864388A1 (en) * | 1997-03-12 | 1998-09-16 | Ascometal | Method for the manufacture of a crank-shaft, in particular for an internal-combustion-engine |
DE102007002826B4 (en) * | 2007-01-19 | 2008-10-30 | Audi Ag | A method for forging or casting a shaft, as well as a forged or cast shaft |
-
2009
- 2009-09-07 FR FR0956061A patent/FR2949830A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR886764A (en) * | 1941-10-14 | 1943-10-25 | Siepmann Werke | Crank and its manufacturing process |
DE3106457A1 (en) * | 1980-02-27 | 1982-01-21 | Diesel Kiki Co. Ltd., Tokyo | Method for the production of an object having a plurality of longitudinally distributed projections by forging |
EP0864388A1 (en) * | 1997-03-12 | 1998-09-16 | Ascometal | Method for the manufacture of a crank-shaft, in particular for an internal-combustion-engine |
DE102007002826B4 (en) * | 2007-01-19 | 2008-10-30 | Audi Ag | A method for forging or casting a shaft, as well as a forged or cast shaft |
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