FR2924679A1 - Aquatic glider for lateral retaining of e.g. boat, on sea, has curve wing elongated out of water by horizontal drawbar that bears cables and profile float ball at end, where float ball supports aerial apparatus in water - Google Patents

Aquatic glider for lateral retaining of e.g. boat, on sea, has curve wing elongated out of water by horizontal drawbar that bears cables and profile float ball at end, where float ball supports aerial apparatus in water Download PDF

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FR2924679A1
FR2924679A1 FR0708479A FR0708479A FR2924679A1 FR 2924679 A1 FR2924679 A1 FR 2924679A1 FR 0708479 A FR0708479 A FR 0708479A FR 0708479 A FR0708479 A FR 0708479A FR 2924679 A1 FR2924679 A1 FR 2924679A1
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water
cables
wing
float ball
aquatic
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French (fr)
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Didier Costes
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B32/00Water sports boards; Accessories therefor

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Laying Of Electric Cables Or Lines Outside (AREA)

Abstract

The glider has a curve wing (1) forming a hook drawn in water and elongated out of the water by a horizontal drawbar that bears cables (4, 4') at an end. A crown of the wing is supported at the hook for stabilizing a perpendicular girder (5) by pitching, where the girder is provided at ends of hydroplaning units or tracers e.g. small size thin articulated plate (8, 8'). The drawbar bears a profile float ball (6) at the end, where the float ball supports an aerial apparatus in the water, and the cables are attached to the float ball. The float ball bears the tracers below its hull.

Description

Le planeur aquatique ou "Chien-de-Mer" (nom déposé) est une dérive en bout de câble pour la navigation d'un bateau ou d'un aéronef faisant office de voile sous l'action du vent. La finesse hydrodynamique de cet appareil, pouvant atteindre 10, permet une grande vitesse et une bonne remontée au vent. Il peut aussi être utilisé comme "paravane" pour écarter un engin tracté sous l'eau, par exemple un détecteur, de la route de l'engin tracteur. Dans le cas de l'utilisation avec un dirigeable (Fig 1), son poids limite l'altitude à la longueur du câble. II a fait l'objet des brevets suivants de l'auteur : - BF 1494784 du 18-5-1966 décrivant une aile incurvée symétrique selon l'envergure, le câble de traction se séparant en deux brins aboutissant aux deux bouts d'aile, aile dotée 1C d'un empennage immergé, à retourner pour passer d'un sens de marche à l'autre (la traînée du brin immergé se révélant importante), - BF 78 35008 du 8-12-1978 décrivant une aile incurvée en crochet à symétrie avant-arrière ( le profil pouvant présenter un intrados droit et un extrados en arc de cercle), avec un prolongement hors d'eau appelé "timon" pour l'attache du câble, dotée d'un -15- empennage immergé à changer de côté pour passer d'un sens de marche à l'autre, - BF 93 07856 du 28-6- 1993 décrivant une aile comme ci-dessus et au dessus un flotteur portant un empennage et pouvant être placé dans un sens ou dans l'autre, relié à un planeur ou à une voile type parapente et pouvant porter un passager, - BF 94 15428 du 21-12-1994 décrivant une aile comme ci-dessus, avec une poutre 2.3 anti-tangage hors d'eau dans la direction de la vitesse, attachée en bout du timon et portant en extrémités des organes de contact sur l'eau, la traction étant assurée par deux câbles aboutissant à cette poutre et permettant un réglage d'incidence de l'aile dans l'eau avec la possibilité d'inverser le sens du déplacement. Cependant, une traction orientée trop vers le haut soulève la poutre d'où un mauvais comportement en tangage. Ce brevet 2 décrit également un bateau à voile comportant l'aile et les organes de contact, - BF 00 09484 du 19-7-2000 décrivant une aile comme ci-dessus (Fig 2), la poutre antitangage 5 étant attachée à la jonction de l'aile 1 et de son timon 2 hors d'eau, pour éviter le soulèvement précédent, et les câbles 4, 4' aboutissant à une barre transversale 3 au bout du timon. L'expérience a montré que, lorsque les câbles, peu tendus ou proches de 30 l'horizontale, ne soulèvent pas suffisamment le timon, celui-ci enfourne dans l'eau et s'y maintient même si la traction est accrue. Des essais sur maquette ont montré que de fortes vagues déferlantes peuvent renverser le planeur le plaçant l'aile au dessus, sans redressement possible par action sur les câbles. La présente invention vise à assurer un meilleur fonctionnement du planeur ?5 aquatique. Elle s'étend à des appareils pouvant porter un équipage. Selon l'invention, illustrée par les Figures 3 et 4, un planeur aquatique est constitué selon BF 00 09484 d'une aile 1 incurvée à symétrie avant-arrière formant un crochet dans l'eau avec un prolongement hors d'eau ou "timon" 2 qui porte les câbles en . extrémité, la forme en crochet assurant l'équilibre en profondeur et en roulis sous leur traction, l'équilibre en tangage étant assuré par une poutre horizontale 5 fixée au sommet de l'aile et portant en extrémités des organes de contact sur l'eau ou "palpeurs" favorisant l'hydroplanage. Au titre de l'invention, pour parer les inconvénients décrits plus haut, la barre transversale 3 en bout de timon est remplacée par un flotteur profilé 6 recevant les deux câbles de traction, pouvant supporter le poids de l'ensemble et muni sous sa carène d'un palpeur. De plus, sur le timon près de l'aile, une charnière 10 et une vis 11 permettant de régler le crochet de l'aile 1 selon la force du vent ou le poids d'un passager. The aquatic glider or "dog-de-mer" (registered name) is a drift cable end for the navigation of a boat or aircraft acting as a sail under the action of the wind. The hydrodynamic fineness of this aircraft, which can reach 10, allows a high speed and a good windwardness. It can also be used as a "paravane" to remove an underwater vehicle, for example a detector, from the road of the tractor vehicle. In the case of use with an airship (Fig 1), its weight limits the altitude to the length of the cable. It has been the subject of the following patents of the author: - BF 1494784 of 18-5-1966 describing a symmetrical curved wing according to the span, the pulling cable separating into two strands ending in the two wingtips, wing endowed with a 1C of a submerged tail, to return to go from one direction to walk to the other (the drag of the submerged strand being important), - BF 78 35008 of 8-12-1978 describing a crooked wing crocheted front-rear symmetry (the profile may have a right intrados and extrados in an arc), with an extension out of water called "drawbar" for the cable attachment, with a -6- tail immersed to change sides to move from one direction to another, - BF 93 07856 of 28-6- 1993 describing a wing as above and above a float carrying a tail and can be placed in one direction or in the other, connected to a glider or a paraglider type sail and capable of carrying a passenger, - BF 94 15428 of 21-1 2-1994 describing a wing as above, with a beam 2.3 anti-pitching out of water in the direction of the speed, attached at the end of the drawbar and bearing at the ends of the contact members on the water, traction being ensured by two cables leading to this beam and allowing adjustment of the incidence of the wing in the water with the possibility of reversing the direction of movement. However, too much upward traction lifts the beam, resulting in poor pitching behavior. This patent 2 also describes a sailing boat comprising the wing and the contact members, - BF 00 09484 of 19-7-2000 describing a wing as above (FIG. 2), the antitanging beam being attached to the junction of the wing 1 and its drawbar 2 out of water, to avoid the previous lifting, and the cables 4, 4 'leading to a transverse bar 3 at the end of the drawbar. Experience has shown that when the cables, not very tight or close to the horizontal, do not raise sufficiently the drawbar, it sticks in the water and is maintained even if the traction is increased. Model tests have shown that strong breaking waves can overturn the glider placing the wing above, without rectifying by action on the cables. The present invention aims to ensure a better operation of the aquatic glider. It extends to devices that can carry a crew. According to the invention, illustrated by FIGS. 3 and 4, an aquatic glider is constituted according to BF 00 09484 of a curved wing 1 with front-to-back symmetry forming a hook in the water with an extension out of water or "drawbar" "2 which carries the cables in. end, the hook shape ensuring the balance in depth and roll under their traction, the pitch balance being provided by a horizontal beam 5 fixed to the top of the wing and carrying at the ends of the contact members on the water or "feelers" favoring hydroplaning. In accordance with the invention, in order to overcome the drawbacks described above, the transverse bar 3 at the end of the drawbar is replaced by a profiled float 6 receiving the two traction cables, capable of supporting the weight of the assembly and provided under its hull of a probe. In addition, on the drawbar near the wing, a hinge 10 and a screw 11 for adjusting the hook of the wing 1 according to the force of the wind or the weight of a passenger.

Le flotteur, entièrement émergé avec son palpeur si le vent est suffisant, permet d'éviter tout enfournement du timon. Après un retournement, une interruption de la traction par les câbles place l'appareil, éventuellement lesté en bout d'aile, en position suspendue sous son flotteur et une reprise de la traction provoque sur L'aile un effort décentré qui fait pivoter l'ensemble dans le sens d'une émersion en position correcte, l'aile en dessous. Les deux câbles 4 et 4' passent par deux points 7, 7' du flotteur et aboutissent en un point de traction sur le timon 2. Les palpeurs jusqu'ici décrits étaient des ailes obliques courtes, qui du fait de la traction latérale permettaient une émersion. Une meilleure efficacité est ici obtenue au moyen de plaques minces de faibles dimensions 8, 8', articulées sous la poutre 5 ou sous le flotteur 6 selon des axes parallèles au timon 2, et pouvant osciller sous l'action de l'eau entre deux positions angulaires de 10° à 15° sur l'horizontale pour hydroplaner dans les deux sens de déplacement. Des palpeurs sans pièce mobile mais moins efficaces peuvent être constitués de redans en dièdres dont les deux plans sont inclinés de part et L J d'autre à 15° ou 20° sur l'horizontale, valeurs tenant compte des plus grands risques de recollement de l'eau que dans le cas des plaques minces. La Figure 3 montre deux palpeurs en plaques minces sous la poutre d'équilibrage fréquemment sollicitée, tandis que le flotteur 6 intègre un redan 9 dans son volume. Le flotteur 6 peut, comme selon BF 93 07856, prendre une taille suffisante (Fig 4) 30 pour constituer une embarcation pour au moins un passager, liée par câbles à un appareil aérien formant voile, qui peut être un ballon dirigeable, un planeur ou une aile souple courbe tenue par suspentes de type parapente, comportant éventuellement des parties gonflées d'air. Le palpeur 12 associé au flotteur 6 est ici représenté en plaque mince extérieure au flotteur, axée sur une tige sortant horizontalement du flotteur. II peut 3 ainsi venir à l'horizontale et créer moins de traînée aux faibles vitesses. L'angle pour son hydroplanage est maintenu par un lien réglable 13. Le vol est réglé par la différence de longueur entre les deux câbles 4 et 4'. A cet effet, le passager relève l'un d'eux entre un point de passage 7 sur le flotteur et le point d'ancrage 14 sur le timon. The float, fully emerged with its probe if the wind is sufficient, avoids any loading of the drawbar. After a reversal, an interruption of the traction by the cables places the device, possibly ballasted at the end of wing, in suspended position under its float and a resumption of the traction causes on the wing an off-center effort which makes turn the together in the sense of emersion in the correct position, the wing below. The two cables 4 and 4 'pass through two points 7, 7' of the float and end at a point of traction on the drawbar 2. The sensors so far described were short oblique wings, which due to the lateral traction allowed a emersion. A better efficiency is obtained here by means of thin plates of small dimensions 8, 8 ', articulated under the beam 5 or under the float 6 along axes parallel to the drawbar 2, and able to oscillate under the action of water between two angular positions of 10 ° to 15 ° on the horizontal to hydroplaner in both directions of displacement. Sensors without moving parts but less effective may consist of stepped dihedral whose two planes are inclined and LJ other 15 ° or 20 ° on the horizontal, values taking into account the greatest risk of re-bonding water only in the case of thin plates. Figure 3 shows two thin plate feelers under the balancing beam frequently solicited, while the float 6 incorporates a redan 9 in its volume. The float 6 may, as in BF 93 07856, be of sufficient size (FIG. 4) to form a boat for at least one passenger, connected by cables to an overhead aircraft, which may be an airship, a glider or a curved flexible wing held by paragliding-type hangers, possibly comprising inflated portions of air. The probe 12 associated with the float 6 is here represented in a thin plate external to the float, focused on a rod extending horizontally from the float. It can thus come horizontally and create less drag at low speeds. The angle for its hydroplaning is maintained by an adjustable link 13. The flight is regulated by the difference in length between the two cables 4 and 4 '. For this purpose, the passenger raises one of them between a passage point 7 on the float and the anchor point 14 on the drawbar.

Claims (8)

Revendications claims . 1. Planeur aquatique destiné à assurer par l'intermédiaire d'un ou deux câbles la retenue latérale d'un bateau ou d'un appareil aérien soumis au vent pour en assurer une propulsion éolienne, constitué d'une aile courbe 1 formant un crochet rentrant dans l'eau, aile prolongée hors d'eau par un "timon" 2 sensiblement horizontal portant les câbles en extrémité, le sommet de l'aile en crochet portant pour la stabilisation en tangage une poutre perpendiculaire 5 munie en extrémités d'organes hydroplanants ou "palpeurs", planeur caractérisé en ce que le timon porte en extrémité un flotteur 6 capable de supporter l'appareil dans l'eau et auquel s'attachent les câbles. . 1. Aquatic glider intended to provide, by means of one or two cables, the lateral restraint of a wind-powered vessel or overhead device for the purpose of wind propulsion, consisting of a curved wing 1 forming a hook entering the water, wing extended out of water by a "drawbar" 2 substantially horizontal carrying the cables at the end, the top of the wing hook carrying for stabilization in pitch a perpendicular beam 5 provided with ends of organs hydroplanants or "feelers", glider characterized in that the shaft carries at the end a float 6 capable of supporting the device in the water and to which attach the cables. 2. Planeur aquatique selon revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ledit flotteur porte également un palpeur sous sa carène. 2. Aquatic glider according to claim 1, characterized in that said float also carries a feeler under its hull. 3. Planeur aquatique selon revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un des palpeurs est constitué d'une plaque 8 articulée vers le bas sur un axe sensiblement parallèle au timon, pouvant osciller sous l'action de l'eau entre deux positions angulaires ~ f de l'ordre de 10° sur l'horizontale pour hydroplaner dans les deux sens de déplacement. 3. Aquatic glider according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one of the probes consists of a plate 8 articulated downwardly on an axis substantially parallel to the drawbar, which can oscillate under the action of water between two angular positions ~ f of the order of 10 ° on the horizontal to hydroplaner in both directions of displacement. 4. Planeur aquatique selon revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un des palpeurs est constitué d'un redan fixe 9 formant un dièdre dont les deux plans sont inclinés de part et d'autre de l'ordre de 15° sur l'horizontale pour hydroplaner dans les deux sens. 20 4. Aquatic glider according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one of the probes consists of a fixed step 9 forming a dihedral whose two planes are inclined on both sides of the order of 15 ° on the horizontal for hydroplaning in both directions. 20 5. Planeur aquatique selon revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'aile courbe et la poutre de stabilisation sont d'un poids apparent dans l'eau suffisant pour se placer à vitesse nulle sous le flotteur. 5. Aquatic glider according to claim 1, characterized in that the curved wing and the stabilizing beam are of apparent weight in water sufficient to be placed at zero speed under the float. 6. Planeur aquatique selon revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le flotteur 6 est d'une taille suffisante pour porter au moins un passager. 5 6. Aquatic glider according to claim 1, characterized in that the float 6 is of sufficient size to carry at least one passenger. 5 7. Planeur aquatique selon revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le timon 2 est relié à l'aile 1 en crochet par une charnière 10 d'angle réglable. 7. Aquatic glider according to claim 1, characterized in that the drawbar 2 is connected to the wing 1 hook by a hinge 10 adjustable angle. 8. Planeur aquatique selon revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'appareil aérien est une voile courbe du genre parapente, comportant des volumes gonflés. 8. Aquatic glider according to claim 1, characterized in that the aerial device is a curved sail of the paraglider type, comprising inflated volumes.
FR0708479A 2007-12-05 2007-12-05 Aquatic glider for lateral retaining of e.g. boat, on sea, has curve wing elongated out of water by horizontal drawbar that bears cables and profile float ball at end, where float ball supports aerial apparatus in water Withdrawn FR2924679A1 (en)

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FR0708479A FR2924679A1 (en) 2007-12-05 2007-12-05 Aquatic glider for lateral retaining of e.g. boat, on sea, has curve wing elongated out of water by horizontal drawbar that bears cables and profile float ball at end, where float ball supports aerial apparatus in water

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FR0708479A FR2924679A1 (en) 2007-12-05 2007-12-05 Aquatic glider for lateral retaining of e.g. boat, on sea, has curve wing elongated out of water by horizontal drawbar that bears cables and profile float ball at end, where float ball supports aerial apparatus in water

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2285294A1 (en) * 1974-09-17 1976-04-16 Costes Didier Outrigger with fin concave towards sailing boat - has rear rudder controlled by cable connected to boat
FR2526749A1 (en) * 1982-05-12 1983-11-18 Salaun Jean Yves Sailing craft outboard centre-board - is immersed and of variable inclination to correct heeling by wind force
FR2728533A1 (en) * 1994-12-21 1996-06-28 Costes Didier Marie Dominique Steering board for paraglider operating over water
FR2811958A1 (en) * 2000-07-19 2002-01-25 Didier Costes Nautical glider comprises a horizontal beam with curved ends, floats and an element which is partially immersed and has cables supporting a rod fixed at the emerged end of the element

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2285294A1 (en) * 1974-09-17 1976-04-16 Costes Didier Outrigger with fin concave towards sailing boat - has rear rudder controlled by cable connected to boat
FR2526749A1 (en) * 1982-05-12 1983-11-18 Salaun Jean Yves Sailing craft outboard centre-board - is immersed and of variable inclination to correct heeling by wind force
FR2728533A1 (en) * 1994-12-21 1996-06-28 Costes Didier Marie Dominique Steering board for paraglider operating over water
FR2811958A1 (en) * 2000-07-19 2002-01-25 Didier Costes Nautical glider comprises a horizontal beam with curved ends, floats and an element which is partially immersed and has cables supporting a rod fixed at the emerged end of the element

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