FR2918003A1 - Hybrid traction device for steering system of e.g. crawler transporter, has gearset engaging with heat engine, motor/generator and electric motor, where gearset has two sun gears driven by engine and motor/generator, respectively - Google Patents

Hybrid traction device for steering system of e.g. crawler transporter, has gearset engaging with heat engine, motor/generator and electric motor, where gearset has two sun gears driven by engine and motor/generator, respectively Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2918003A1
FR2918003A1 FR0704612A FR0704612A FR2918003A1 FR 2918003 A1 FR2918003 A1 FR 2918003A1 FR 0704612 A FR0704612 A FR 0704612A FR 0704612 A FR0704612 A FR 0704612A FR 2918003 A1 FR2918003 A1 FR 2918003A1
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France
Prior art keywords
motor
generator
gearset
engine
electric motor
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Granted
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FR0704612A
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French (fr)
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FR2918003B1 (en
Inventor
Trouher Guy Le
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Nexter Systems SA
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Nexter Systems SA
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/72—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously
    • F16H3/724—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously using external powered electric machines
    • F16H3/725—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously using external powered electric machines with means to change ratio in the mechanical gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/445—Differential gearing distribution type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/20—Off-Road Vehicles
    • B60Y2200/24—Military vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/40—Special vehicles
    • B60Y2200/41—Construction vehicles, e.g. graders, excavators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/10—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing at both ends of intermediate shafts
    • F16H2037/103—Power split variators with each end of the CVT connected or connectable to a Ravigneaux set
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/202—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the type of Ravigneaux set
    • F16H2200/2023—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the type of Ravigneaux set using a Ravigneaux set with 4 connections
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/72—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously
    • F16H3/727—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously with at least two dynamo electric machines for creating an electric power path inside the gearing, e.g. using generator and motor for a variable power torque path
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

Abstract

The device has a planetary gearset (1) e.g. Ravigneaux gearset, engaging with a heat engine (2), a motor/generator (3), and an electric motor (4). The gearset has an outer crown (12) driven in rotation by the electric motor, and a planet carrier (13) driving an output shaft (16). The gearset has two sun gears (8, 10) driven by the engine and the motor/generator, respectively. A torque converter is arranged between the engine and the gearset.

Description

Le secteur technique de la présente invention est celui des transmissionsThe technical sector of the present invention is that of transmissions

mécaniques de puissance et de mouvement, et plus particulièrement des systèmes de traction dits "hybrides" comportant un moteur thermique et au moins un moteur électrique. Actuellement dans le domaine militaire il n'existe pas de système de transmission réellement hybride. Les systèmes qui existent sont des systèmes adaptés aux transmissions existantes, c'est-à-dire qu'à la transmission existante il Io est adjoint un moteur électrique, ou un alternato-démarreur permettant d'avoir un appoint d'énergie électrique. Dans le domaine civil, sur le marché de l'automobile, on connaît un véhicule de tourisme hybride qui fonctionne avec un système de répartition de puissance dit "série parallèle". 15 Ce véhicule a la particularité de ne pas posséder de boite de vitesse et de pouvoir fonctionner en mode électrique, en mode thermique, ou en mode mixte. La gestion des modes est réalisée par le répartiteur de puissance mécanique. Un inconvénient majeur de ce système réside dans le fait 20 qu'il ne permet pas d'effectuer une marche arrière en mode moteur thermique seul, cette fonction est réalisée par le moteur électrique uniquement De plus, un inconvénient majeur de l'application d'un tel système de répartition de puissance à un véhicule militaire 25 réside dans le faible rapport de démultiplication entre moteur thermique et la sortie vers les roues qui est insuffisant pour un démarrage en moteur thermique seul. Cet inconvénient impose un démarrage en mode mixte moteur thermique plus moteur électrique. En effet, sur un engin 30 militaire classique, pour faire avancer un véhicule au démarrage, il est nécessaire d'avoir un rapport de démultiplication important, de l'ordre de 7 pour un véhicule à roue et de 8 pour un véhicule chenillé, alors que ce rapport n'est que de 1,6 pour la transmission d'un véhicule 35 de tourisme. On connaît également le brevet EP1342603 qui décrit un train épicycloïdal de Ravigneau comportant deux moteurs électriques en prise avec les solaires et un moteur thermique en prise avec la couronne. Les roues sont raccordées au niveau du porte satellites. Un inconvénient majeur de ce dispositif réside dans le fait que le couple fourni par le moteur thermique est insuffisant et qu'il est généralement nécessaire de le combiner avec les couples fournis par les moteurs électriques. Le but de la présente invention est donc de remédier à ces inconvénients en proposant un dispositif de traction hybride susceptible de fournir un fort taux de Io démultiplication au démarrage et un mode de fonctionnement qui, en cas de panne électrique, permet de conserver la mobilité du véhicule à basses vitesses et en marche arrière. L'invention a donc pour objet un dispositif de traction hybride pour véhicule lourd comportant un train épicycloïdal 15 en prise avec un moteur thermique et deux moteurs électriques, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une couronne extérieure entraînée en rotation par un premier moteur électrique, un premier solaire entraîné par le moteur thermique, un second solaire entraîné par un second moteur 20 électrique et un porte-satellites entraînant un arbre de sortie. Selon une caractéristique de l'invention, au moins un moteur électrique fonctionne également en génératrice de courant. 25 Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, le premier solaire et l'arbre de sortie sont coaxiaux. Selon encore une autre caractéristique de l'invention, le dispositif comporte un doubleur de gamme. Selon encore une autre caractéristique de l'invention le 30 dispositif pourra comporter un convertisseur de couple disposé entre le moteur thermique et le train épicycloïdal. L'invention concerne également un système de direction de véhicule chenillé comportant un dispositif de traction hybride. 35 Un tout premier avantage du dispositif selon l'invention réside dans le fait qu'il permet de transmettre une puissance importante lors du démarrage du véhicule. Un autre avantage réside dans le fait que, même en cas de défaillance du moteur électrique, le dispositif est en mesure d'assurer le déplacement du véhicule. D'autres caractéristiques, détails et avantages de l'invention ressortiront plus clairement de la description donnée ci-après à titre indicatif en relation avec des dessins dans lesquels : -la figure 1 représente schématiquement un dispositif de traction hybride selon l'invention, - les figures 2 à 6 illustrent différentes phases de 10 fonctionnement du dispositif de traction hybride selon l'invention, et la figure 7 illustre l'implantation du dispositif selon l'invention dans un système de direction spécifique. La figure 1 représente un dispositif de traction hybride 15 pour véhicule lourd selon l'invention. Le système de traction comporte un moteur thermique 2, un moteur électrique 4, une génératrice 3 et un train épicycloïdal 1 en prise avec les moteurs 2 et 4 et avec la génératrice 3. Le train épicycloïdal 1 est du type "train Ravigneau": il comporte un 20 premier solaire 8 (ou solaire moteur), un second solaire 11 (ou solaire génératrice), un porte satellites 13 supportant des satellites 14 et 9 et une couronne extérieure 12. Un premier arbre d'entrée 15 entraîné par le moteur électrique 4 est en prise avec la couronne extérieure 12. Un second arbre 25 d'entrée 7, entraîné par le moteur thermique 2 est en prise avec le solaire 8 moteur. Un troisième arbre d'entrée 17, entraîné par la génératrice 3 est solidaire d'un pignon 10 entraînant en rotation le second solaire 11. Un arbre de sortie 16 est en prise avec le porte-satellites 13. 30 Le second arbre d'entrée 7, l'arbre de sortie 16, le porte satellite 13, la couronne 12, le premier solaire 8 et le second solaire 11 sont coaxiaux et ont un mouvement de rotation autour d'un même axe X. On remarquera aussi que dans cet exemple de réalisation, 35 l'arbre de sortie 16 est couplé à un doubleur de gamme 6 et permet l'entraînement des roues ou des chenilles du véhicule par l'intermédiaire d'une interface 5. Un tel doubleur de gamme 6 est bien connu et permet d'accroître les capacités offertes par le dispositif (augmenter le couple de sortie ou bien démultiplier la vitesse). Comme il sera décrit par la suite, en relation avec les figures 2 à 5, la génératrice 3 est un moteur/générateur, c'est à dire qu'elle peut être utilisée en tant que moteur électrique pour fournir un couple et participer au déplacement du véhicule et peut être également utilisée en tant que génératrice de courant et fournir un couple résistant permettant de recharger les batteries électriques (non représentées) et/ou d'assurer une fonction de frein moteur. Le dispositif selon l'invention permet donc de privilégier le fonctionnement thermique par rapport au fonctionnement électrique. Ce dernier mode de fonctionnement vient compléter les besoins en puissance et peut être utilisé en mode de secours ou pour les déplacements silencieux à basse vitesse. Une telle disposition est particulièrement utile dans le domaine des véhicules militaires puisqu'elle assure une disponibilité à 100% (la mobilité est possible quel que soit le moteur disponible). Bien entendu des moyens (non représentés) sont prévus pour assurer (en fonction des modes d'utilisation adoptés) les blocages de certains organes : porte satellite, couronne, solaire du moteur thermique, solaire du moteur électrique. Par ailleurs, une unité de commande électronique (non représentée) assurera (en fonction des vitesses du véhicule, des commandes d'accélération ou de freinage données par le conducteur ainsi que des modes d'utilisation choisis), les blocages souhaités ainsi que la commande des régimes des moteurs, notamment des moteurs électriques. La figure 2 illustre le dispositif selon l'invention lorsque le véhicule est arrêté. Dans cette configuration, le porte satellites 13 du train planétaires est fixe (le repère B symbolise le blocage sur les figures). En effet, la chaîne de transmission est bloquée par le frein de parking et par le couple résistant à l'avancement. La génératrice ou le moteur électrique fonctionne en moteur afin d'entraîner en rotation le solaire 11 ou la couronne 12 qui, par l'intermédiaire des satellites 9 et 13 entraîne le solaire 8 et assure ainsi le rôle de démarreur du moteur thermique 2. La figure 3 illustre la phase de début de roulage. Dans cette phase de démarrage la couronne 12 est fixe (blocage B). Tout se passe comme dans un train simple, la rotation du moteur thermique est directement transmise à l'arbre de sortie 16 par l'intermédiaire du solaire 8, des satellites 9, 14 et du porte satellites 13.  mechanical power and movement, and more particularly so-called "hybrid" traction systems comprising a heat engine and at least one electric motor. Currently in the military field there is no truly hybrid transmission system. The existing systems are systems adapted to existing transmissions, that is to say that the existing transmission Io is an electric motor assistant, or an alternato-starter to have extra power. In the civil field, in the automobile market, there is a hybrid passenger vehicle that operates with a so-called "parallel series" power distribution system. This vehicle has the particularity of not having a gearbox and being able to operate in electric mode, in thermal mode, or in mixed mode. Mode management is performed by the mechanical power distributor. A major disadvantage of this system lies in the fact that it does not make it possible to perform a reversing operation in single-engine mode, this function is performed by the electric motor only. Moreover, a major drawback of the application of FIG. such a power distribution system to a military vehicle 25 lies in the low gear ratio between the engine and the output to the wheels which is insufficient for starting a single engine. This disadvantage requires a start in mixed mode heat engine plus electric motor. Indeed, on a conventional military vehicle 30, to advance a vehicle at startup, it is necessary to have an important gear ratio, of the order of 7 for a wheeled vehicle and 8 for a tracked vehicle, then that this ratio is only 1.6 for the transmission of a 35 passenger vehicle. Patent EP1342603 is also known which describes an epicyclic gear train of Ravigneau comprising two electric motors in engagement with the solar and a heat engine in engagement with the crown. The wheels are connected to the satellite door. A major drawback of this device lies in the fact that the torque supplied by the heat engine is insufficient and that it is generally necessary to combine it with the torques provided by the electric motors. The purpose of the present invention is therefore to overcome these disadvantages by providing a hybrid traction device capable of providing a high rate of Io reduction on startup and a mode of operation which, in case of power failure, allows to maintain the mobility of the vehicle at low speeds and in reverse. The subject of the invention is therefore a hybrid traction device for a heavy vehicle comprising an epicyclic gear train 15 in engagement with a heat engine and two electric motors, characterized in that it comprises an outer ring driven in rotation by a first electric motor, a first solar driven by the heat engine, a second solar driven by a second electric motor and a planet carrier driving an output shaft. According to one characteristic of the invention, at least one electric motor also operates as a current generator. According to another characteristic of the invention, the first solar and the output shaft are coaxial. According to yet another characteristic of the invention, the device comprises a range doubler. According to yet another characteristic of the invention the device may comprise a torque converter disposed between the heat engine and the epicyclic gear train. The invention also relates to a tracked vehicle steering system comprising a hybrid traction device. A first advantage of the device according to the invention lies in the fact that it allows to transmit a large power when starting the vehicle. Another advantage lies in the fact that, even in case of failure of the electric motor, the device is able to ensure the movement of the vehicle. Other characteristics, details and advantages of the invention will emerge more clearly from the description given below as an indication in relation to drawings in which: FIG. 1 schematically represents a hybrid traction device according to the invention; Figures 2 to 6 illustrate different phases of operation of the hybrid traction device according to the invention, and Figure 7 illustrates the implementation of the device according to the invention in a specific steering system. FIG. 1 represents a hybrid traction device 15 for a heavy vehicle according to the invention. The traction system comprises a heat engine 2, an electric motor 4, a generator 3 and an epicyclic gear train 1 in engagement with the engines 2 and 4 and with the generator 3. The epicyclic train 1 is of the "Ravigneau train" type: it comprises a first solar 8 (or solar motor), a second solar 11 (or solar generator), a satellite carrier 13 supporting satellites 14 and 9 and an outer ring 12. A first input shaft 15 driven by the electric motor 4 is engaged with the outer ring 12. A second input shaft 7, driven by the heat engine 2 is engaged with the solar motor 8. A third input shaft 17, driven by the generator 3 is integral with a pinion 10 driving in rotation the second solar 11. An output shaft 16 is engaged with the planet carrier 13. The second input shaft 7, the output shaft 16, the satellite gate 13, the ring 12, the first solar 8 and the second solar 11 are coaxial and have a rotational movement about the same axis X. It will also be noted that in this example embodiment, the output shaft 16 is coupled to a range doubler 6 and allows the driving of the wheels or tracks of the vehicle via an interface 5. Such a range doubler 6 is well known and can increase the capabilities offered by the device (increase the output torque or increase the speed). As will be described later, in connection with FIGS. 2 to 5, the generator 3 is a motor / generator, that is to say that it can be used as an electric motor to provide a torque and participate in the displacement. of the vehicle and can also be used as a current generator and provide a resistive torque to recharge the electric batteries (not shown) and / or to provide an engine brake function. The device according to the invention therefore makes it possible to give priority to the thermal operation with respect to the electrical operation. This last mode of operation completes the power requirements and can be used in emergency mode or for low speed silent movements. Such an arrangement is particularly useful in the field of military vehicles since it ensures 100% availability (mobility is possible regardless of the engine available). Of course means (not shown) are provided to ensure (depending on the modes of use adopted) the blockages of certain organs: satellite door, crown, solar thermal engine, solar electric motor. Furthermore, an electronic control unit (not shown) will ensure (depending on the vehicle speeds, acceleration or braking commands given by the driver as well as selected modes of use), the desired blockages and the control engine speeds, including electric motors. Figure 2 illustrates the device according to the invention when the vehicle is stopped. In this configuration, the planet carrier 13 of the planetary gear is fixed (the marker B symbolizes the blockage in the figures). Indeed, the transmission chain is blocked by the parking brake and the drive-resistant torque. The generator or the electric motor operates as a motor in order to drive in rotation the sun 11 or the ring gear 12 which, via the satellites 9 and 13, drives the sun 8 and thus acts as a starter for the heat engine 2. Figure 3 illustrates the beginning phase of rolling. In this startup phase the ring 12 is fixed (blocking B). Everything happens as in a single train, the rotation of the heat engine is directly transmitted to the output shaft 16 via the solar 8, satellites 9, 14 and the satellite gate 13.

Le rapport de vitesses entre le second arbre d'entrée 7 et l'arbre de sortie 16 est alors important. L'ordre de grandeur de ce rapport est de 7, un tel rapport peut bien entendu varier en fonction du moteur utilisé (couples et vitesses). La vitesse de rotation de l'arbre de sortie est peu élevée. On peut ainsi déplacer le véhicule avec le seul moteur thermique. Dans cette phase de fonctionnement, la génératrice 3 est entraînée en rotation par le solaire 11, ce qui permet de réaliser la charge des batteries, si nécessaire.  The gear ratio between the second input shaft 7 and the output shaft 16 is then important. The order of magnitude of this ratio is 7, such a ratio can of course vary depending on the engine used (couples and speeds). The rotational speed of the output shaft is low. We can move the vehicle with the only engine. In this operating phase, the generator 3 is rotated by the solar 11, which allows the charging of the batteries, if necessary.

Les figures 4 et 5 illustrent la phase de roulage et d'accélération. La figure 4 illustre la configuration où le moteur thermique 2 et la génératrice 3 fournissent le couple et la vitesse à l'avancement. Le mode de fonctionnement est "mixte". Pour ce fonctionnement, l'arbre 15 (non représenté) du moteur électrique et la couronne 12 sont fixes (blocage B) . Dans cette configuration, les sens de rotation des solaires 8 et 11 sont nécessairement contraires.  Figures 4 and 5 illustrate the rolling phase and acceleration. Figure 4 illustrates the configuration where the heat engine 2 and the generator 3 provide the torque and the speed in progress. The operating mode is "mixed". For this operation, the shaft 15 (not shown) of the electric motor and the ring 12 are fixed (blocking B). In this configuration, the directions of rotation of solar 8 and 11 are necessarily opposite.

La figure 5 illustre la configuration où le moteur thermique ne fournit aucun couple. Le solaire 8 est fixe (blocage B) et le moteur électrique et la génératrice fournissent le couple et la vitesse à l'avancement par l'intermédiaire de la couronne 12 et du solaire 11. Nous sommes dans un mode de fonctionnent uniquement électrique. Le satellite 14 est entraîné en rotation par la couronne 12 et le solaire il. Le satellite 9, entraîné en rotation par le satellite 14, tourne autour du solaire 8 fixe, entraînant ainsi la rotation du porte-satellites 13. La figure 6 illustre le fonctionnement du dispositif en "marche arrière" avec un entraînement par le moteur thermique seul. Pour obtenir cette configuration il suffit de bloquer le solaire 11 de la génératrice (blocage B). La couronne 12 est libre en rotation. Ainsi, seul le solaire 8, entraîné par le moteur thermique, assure l'entraînement en rotation des satellite 9 et 14 et du porte satellite 13.  Figure 5 illustrates the configuration where the engine provides no torque. The solar 8 is fixed (block B) and the electric motor and the generator provide the torque and the speed to the advancement via the crown 12 and the solar 11. We are in a mode of only electrical operation. The satellite 14 is rotated by the crown 12 and the solar il. The satellite 9, rotated by the satellite 14, rotates around the fixed sun 8, thus causing the planet carrier 13 to rotate. FIG. 6 illustrates the operation of the device in "reverse" mode with a drive by the heat engine alone. . To obtain this configuration, it suffices to block the solar 11 of the generator (blocking B). The ring 12 is free to rotate. Thus, only the solar 8, driven by the heat engine, drives the rotation of the satellites 9 and 14 and the satellite gate 13.

La figure 7 est une représentation schématique illustrant l'implantation du dispositif selon l'invention dans un système de direction d'un véhicule chenillé. Pour assurer la motorisation hybride d'un véhicule chenillé, il est possible d'associer le dispositif selon l'invention à un système de direction par différentiel de vitesse. Un tel système est déjà connu. Il utilise la puissance du moteur thermique 2 pour gérer le différentiel de vitesse permettant la direction par ripage. Ainsi, lorsqu'on souhaite faire tourner le véhicule, une partie de l'énergie du moteur thermique 2 est utilisée par un différentiel de vitesses 19 qui transmet un couple de ripage vers les chenilles 18a et 18b, par l'intermédiaire de trains épicycloïdaux 17a et 17b. Un inverseur 20 est disposé entre le différentiel 19 et la chenille gauche l8a afin de fournir des couples de sens opposés. A titre de variante, on pourra également réaliser l'invention en remplaçant la génératrice 3 et le moteur électrique 4 par deux moteurs électriques (non générateurs) 3 et 4 ou encore un moteur électrique 3 et un moteur/générateur 4. Pour des raisons d'encombrement et de coût de réalisation, on réalisera préférentiellement l'invention avec un moteur électrique et un moteur/générateur. On pourra à titre de variante intégrer un convertisseur de couple qui sera disposé entre le moteur thermique 2 et le 35 train 1. Une telle variante permettra d'accroître les capacités offertes par le dispositif. On augmentera ainsi le couple de sortie pendant la phase de démarrage.  Figure 7 is a schematic representation illustrating the implementation of the device according to the invention in a steering system of a tracked vehicle. To ensure the hybrid motorization of a tracked vehicle, it is possible to associate the device according to the invention to a differential speed steering system. Such a system is already known. It uses the power of the engine 2 to manage the speed differential allowing the steering by shifting. Thus, when it is desired to rotate the vehicle, part of the energy of the heat engine 2 is used by a gear differential 19 which transmits a shifting torque to the tracks 18a and 18b, via planetary gear trains 17a. and 17b. An inverter 20 is disposed between the differential 19 and the left caterpillar 18a to provide pairs of opposite directions. Alternatively, the invention can also be achieved by replacing the generator 3 and the electric motor 4 by two electric motors (non-generators) 3 and 4 or an electric motor 3 and a motor / generator 4. For reasons of Congestion and cost of implementation, it will preferably achieve the invention with an electric motor and a motor / generator. As an alternative, it will be possible to integrate a torque converter which will be disposed between the heat engine 2 and the train 1. Such a variant will make it possible to increase the capacities offered by the device. This will increase the output torque during the start-up phase.

Claims (6)

REVENDICATIONS 1. Dispositif de traction hybride pour véhicule lourd comportant un train épicycloïdal (1) en prise avec un moteur thermique (2) et deux moteurs électriques (3,4), caractérisé en ce que le train épicycloïdal (1) comporte une couronne extérieure (12) entraînée en rotation par un premier moteur électrique (4), un premier solaire (8) entraîné par le moteur thermique (2), un second solaire (10) entraîné par un second moteur électrique (3) et un porte-satellites (13) entraînant un arbre de sortie (16).  Hybrid traction device for a heavy vehicle comprising an epicyclic gear train (1) engaged with a heat engine (2) and two electric motors (3, 4), characterized in that the epicyclic gear train (1) comprises an outer ring gear ( 12) rotated by a first electric motor (4), a first sun (8) driven by the heat engine (2), a second sun (10) driven by a second electric motor (3) and a planet carrier ( 13) driving an output shaft (16). 2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un moteur électrique (3) fonctionne également en génératrice de courant.  2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one electric motor (3) also operates as a current generator. 3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé 15 en ce que le premier solaire (8) et l'arbre de sortie (16) sont coaxiaux.  3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first solar (8) and the output shaft (16) are coaxial. 4. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un doubleur de gamme (6).  4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises a range doubler (6). 5. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, 20 caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un convertisseur de couple disposé entre le moteur thermique (2) et le train épicycloïdal (1).  5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises a torque converter disposed between the heat engine (2) and the epicyclic gear (1). 6. Système de direction de véhicule chenillé, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un dispositif de traction hybride selon 25 l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes.  6. Tracked vehicle steering system, characterized in that it comprises a hybrid traction device according to any one of the preceding claims.
FR0704612A 2007-06-27 2007-06-27 HYBRID TRACTION DEVICE FOR HEAVY VEHICLE. Active FR2918003B1 (en)

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CN102022489A (en) * 2009-09-15 2011-04-20 浙江吉利控股集团有限公司 Double-planetary gear four-axis transmission device
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FR3131254A1 (en) 2021-12-24 2023-06-30 RENK France PROPULSION ASSEMBLY FOR MOTORIZED ARMORED MACHINE WITH AT LEAST TWO THERMAL ENGINES AND ASSOCIATED MACHINE.

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CN110949111B (en) * 2018-09-27 2023-10-20 西安交通大学 Double-rotor motor and Ravigneaux planetary gear train serial-connection type automobile hybrid power system

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FR2774040A1 (en) * 1998-01-26 1999-07-30 Renault Hybrid drive unit with double epicyclic gear train for vehicle with both internal combustion engine and electric drive
DE19909424A1 (en) * 1999-02-23 2000-08-24 Peter Tenberge Hybrid gearing for vehicle
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FR3131254A1 (en) 2021-12-24 2023-06-30 RENK France PROPULSION ASSEMBLY FOR MOTORIZED ARMORED MACHINE WITH AT LEAST TWO THERMAL ENGINES AND ASSOCIATED MACHINE.

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