FR2914517A1 - METHOD FOR WEIGHTED HEARING MEASUREMENT OF MULTIMEDIA CONTENT - Google Patents

Abstract

The aim of the invention is to provide a weighted audience measurement method of C multimedia contents (ci) stored in an accessible content server, through a communication network, to M users (mj), equipped with communication terminals, capable of interacting with said contents according to at least one interaction mode.

Description

METHOD FOR WEIGHTED HEARING MEASUREMENT OF MULTIMEDIA CONTENT

  The present invention relates to the general field of the measurement of audience and relevance of information on the net and is an improvement to known patented solutions.

  There are known in the state of the art various solutions for the content audience measurement. By way of example, the French patent issued under the number FR2802368A1 describes a method for measuring the activity on a data packet communication network, (for example a communication network based on the TCP / IP protocol). a plurality of terminals each equipped with data collection means and transmission to a central equipment. The information includes the header of each packet transmitted or received by the terminal, a step of transmitting said collected information to the central equipment. It comprises a collection step performed at the physical communication means of the terminal excluding the data exploitation tasks exchanged by said terminal. This step is implemented independently of the application operating layer of the data exchanged with the network.

  Also known in the state of the art the international patent application W09843380 relates to a method for monitoring the interaction between a client system and a downloaded resource from a server system belonging to a computer network. The method includes: - using a client system to specify the address of a resource located on a first server system; - to download, from the first server system and according to the specified address, a file corresponding to the resource; using the client system to specify the address of a first executable program residing in a second server system, the address of this first executable program being included in the downloaded file from the first server system and the first executable program comprising a software clock register for monitoring the time the client displays the downloaded file from the first server system and interacts with it; download the first executable program from the second server system and run it on the client system so as to calculate the interaction time between the client system and the downloaded file from the first server system; - to use a server system for the client system to communicate with the customer's identification marks; and downloading to a third server system the interaction duration calculated by the first executable program. The first executable program may also monitor time, keyboard events, mouse events and the like, so as to track user selections and choices within the file. It can also execute, in case a predetermined event occurs, and monitor and determine the amount of information downloaded by the client system. This information, along with customer identification marks, is stored in a database on a server system so that it can be used for analysis purposes and to enable automatic downloading of files collected according to interests. and user preferences.

  These solutions are adapted to a statistical analysis of the audience of a site, from a central platform collecting information from a plurality of terminals of a panel of Internet users. On the other hand, these solutions are not adapted to a distributed analysis of the degrees of trust granted by any user to another Internet user.

  Indeed, the number of interactions to be analyzed increases in a factorial way according to the number of Internet users in question. The computational powers and the bit rates required for the exchanges of information necessary for the analysis of the degree of confidence very quickly exceed the available technical resources and in any case deteriorate the 3 performances of the network, by consuming a part of the resources and the bandwidth for measurements, to the detriment of the exchange of information and the purpose of the measure. The known solutions therefore very quickly pose the problem that the measurement of a phenomenon requires more resources than the realization of the phenomenon itself. The object of the present invention is to overcome this disadvantage by proposing a new treatment, to measure cross trust without excessive technical means. Another object of the invention is to make it possible, because of the solution provided to the technical problem, to measure the confidence given by a large number of Internet users to a given content, the credibility of the Internet users contributing to the calculation being itself Even objectified by treatments made possible by the ability to process a large amount of information from the graph of interactions.

  The invention provides a technical solution to the problem of the prior art through the processing of assigning to each content (Ci) a weight (w \ Ci and to each user (m%) a weight (m1)), and to constructing a linear interaction system comprising C + M equations connecting the C + M weights (w ci) and (m-) according to said interaction mode, the coefficients of said linear interaction system speaking as a function of at minus a characteristic magnitude of said interaction mode, and solving said linear interaction system and deducing the weights (w ci) from the multimedia contents C iteratively to update the weight information, the number of iterations being set according to the predefined level of precision and stability. The matrix being by normalized construction, it is invertible, and the linear system can thus be solved. The step of constructing a linear interaction system, and its resolution either by matrix inversion, or by other known resolution modes, by initial approximation then successive iterations, makes it possible to avoid a global treatment 4 of each interactions between each of the users and contents, and to approach a representative measurement by simple treatments and little time consuming treatment or bandwidth.

  Also, the technical problem to be solved by the object of the present invention is to propose a method for calculating weights associated with elements intervening within an information exchange community, which would make it possible, in a global approach to activities to which the community gives rise, to calculate an objective value, called weight, for all the elements participating in these activities, in particular the members producing content, whether original content or modified content. The solution to the technical problem posed, according to the present invention, is that a weight associated with a given element is calculated as a function of the weights associated with elements with which said given element is in relation according to at least one mode of interaction. . It is important to specify here that said elements are constituted by members of said community and / or contents produced by said members. Thus, in the context of the invention, the notion of elements is very broad and goes beyond content-producing members only to concern the contents themselves, this in connection with the global character of the consideration by the invention. of all the interactions between these different elements, which are all stakeholders in the life of the community. According to the invention, said mode of interaction is chosen from the following list: - reading by at least one member of a content produced by a given member, - production by at least one member of a content read by a given member - notation by at least one member of a content produced by a given member, - citation in at least one content produced by a member of a content produced by a given member. Of course, this list of modes of interaction is not exhaustive and can be expanded in any other way for one element of the community to establish a relationship with another element of the same community.

  The effectiveness of the method according to the invention is thus understood insofar as it includes most of the interactions that may exist between the different elements. Taking into account the reading by other members of a content produced by a given member values the content up to the weight of the reader members, which in turn values the member who produced this content. The playing time of a content may be included in the evaluation of said content. Similarly, the production by one or more members of a content read by a given member values the content up to the weight of the producer member (s), which in turn enhances the member who has read this content. Here again, the playing time can be included in the calculation of the weight of the reader member. The rating by other members of a content produced by one or more members values this content for two reasons, namely the note itself and the weight of the members who gave the rating. The weight of the content thus valued then affects the weight of its author (s). Finally, the weight of a given content is valued both by the number of contents that cited it and by the weight of these contents. In the same way, the weight of the content thus valorized then reverberates on the weight of its or its authors. In summary, the weight of a content is calculated according to at least one of the following parameters: weight of the member having produced said content, weight of the members having read said content, reading time of each member having read said content, - notes given to the said content, - the weight of content having cited the said content. Similarly, the weight of a member is calculated according to at least one of the following parameters: weight of the contents produced by said member, weight of the contents read by said member, duration of reading of each content read by said member. The weights that are to be calculated therefore result from a complex interdependence between the different elements, members and / or contents, and the diversity of the parameters taken into account.

  The invention relates to a weighted audience measuring method of C multimedia contents, stored in at least one content server, accessible through a communication network, and M users equipped with communication terminals, able to interact with said contents. multimedia device according to at least one mode of interaction, said method comprising the steps of: in a preliminary step of creating, for a new grouping of multimedia contents, created by at least one user (mi) among the M users, and containing at least one multimedia content (Ci) among the multimedia content C's, an account associated with a unique identifier, on a weighted audience measurement platform, • to be installed on all the content servers, containing all the content said new content grouping, a measurement probe constituted by an application capable of interacting with the measurement platform, and then steps of collecting information • to record, for each multimedia content of each content grouping, on the measurement probe associated with said content grouping, each interaction, relating to a mode of interaction, between said multimedia content among the set C multimedia content and a user among the M users, • to record, for each multimedia content of each content grouping, on the measurement probe associated with said content grouping, each interaction, relating to a mode of interaction, between said multimedia content among all the C multimedia content and other content among the C multimedia contents, • periodically collecting said information contained in the measurement probes on the measurement platform, and recording all the 7 interactions between the users and the users. contents, in a relational database in the form of a relationship table,

  and in periodic weighting steps • to record on the measurement platform a weight table associating with each content (ci) a weight (tiv (ci)) and with each user (mi) a weight (w (m;)) To construct a linear interaction system comprising C + M equations connecting the C + M weights (w (c)) and (w (mi)) according to said interaction mode, the coefficients of said linear interaction system expressing as a function of at least one characteristic quantity of said mode of interaction, and solving said linear interaction system and deducing therefrom the weights (W (ci)) of the multimedia content C's and the weights (w (m;) ) M users iteratively, the iteration number being set according to the predefined level of precision and stability, and • storing said linear system on the weighted audience measuring platform.

  In a particular embodiment, said interaction mode is the production of a content (Li) by at least one user (m;), the associated characteristic quantity being a number (P (m ~, c;)) equal to to 1 if the user (mi) has produced the content (ci) and 0 otherwise.

  In another embodiment, said interaction mode is the creation of a link from one content (ci.) To another content (ci), said associated characteristic quantity being a number (C (ci, c; )) equal to 1 if the link exists and 0 otherwise.

  In another particular embodiment, said interaction mode is: access by at least one user (m;) to a content (ci) produced by another user, said associated characteristic quantity being the duration of access (D (rn;, c,)) of the content (ci) by the member.

  In one embodiment, said mode of interaction is, in addition, an action performed on a content to which a user has accessed.

  In a particular embodiment, said action is the notation of said content by said user, said associated characteristic quantity being a relative note given to said content by said user. In an advantageous embodiment, said linear interaction system of order C + M, whose unknowns are the C + M weights (w (c,)) and (w (m)), is composed of: C (i = 1, ..., C) equations of the following type: D (m, c) GR (mJ, c) C (c), w (c

  w (c) = a + (3 garlic P (m '+ a, w (m RD (), n + a3 w (m 3) ùGG (m + a, CC (c.) (:' N (mj) ) ~ J, 1Z J; 1; - and MU = 1, ..., M) equations of the following type: P (m,, c) .w (c;) w (m;) = a / as i , ~,. a ,,, w (c;) A (c ~) RD '(c)' 'zz 20: - relates to the members m ;, having produced the content c,, CN (m1) being the number of contents produced by the member m ;,. -porte on the members m; 2 having read the content c,, D (m;, c;) being the duration of reading of the content C by the member m ;, and RD (m) the total reading time of the set of contents by the member m ;, - relates to the members m; 3 having noted the content c,, GR (m;, c;) being the given rating to the content c, by the member and GG (m; 3) the sum of the notes given to all the contents by the member m 15 - relates to the contents ci having cited the content ci, CC (c ;.) being the number of citations of the content ci in the contents ci,, - relates to the contents ci, produced by the member m;, A (ci,) being the number of members having produces the content ci,, - relates to the contents ci, read by the member m; , D '(mj, ci2) being the duration of reading of the content ci, by the member rn and RD' (ci) the total duration of reading of the content ci, by the set of members, - the coefficients al to a6 take the value 1 if the associated mode of interaction 10 is taken into account, and 0 otherwise. - a and / 3 are normalization factors, satisfying the condition i- 4 for the computation of w (ci): a + (fi x ai) = 1 i = 1 i- 6 for the computation of w (mi): The value of these coefficients affects the convergence speed of the system resolution algorithm. To solve the system, a person skilled in the art can take as a value, by way of nonlimiting example: a = 0.15 P = 0.85 / 4 = 0.2125 for the calculation of w (c +) taking into account all the 20 interaction modes, [3 = 0.85 / 2 = 0.425 for the calculation of w (mi) taking into account all modes of interaction. The invention also relates to a system for implementing a weighted content measurement method of multimedia content C, consisting of a plurality of computers connected by a network to a measurement platform, each computer being associated with at least one user among the M users, having in his memory at least one of the contents C contained multimedia and being equipped with a measurement probe controlling the recording of: • each interaction, between a content associated with said probe among the multimedia contents C and a user among the M users, of each interaction, between a content associated with the probe among the C multimedia contents and another content among the C multimedia contents,

  the system further comprising a controlled measuring platform for: -collecting periodically said information on the measurement platform, and recording all the interactions between the Internet users and the contents, in a relational database in the form of a relation table; perform processing consisting of recording on the server a weight table comprising for each content and each user a variable weight (w (cr)) and to assign to each content of the set of C multimedia contents a weight (w (cr) )) and to each user of the set of M users a weight (w (m;)); constructing a linear normalized interaction system comprising C + M equations connecting the C + M weights (w (ci)) and (w (mi)) according to said interaction mode, the coefficients of said linear interaction system s' expressing as a function of at least one characteristic quantity of said mode of interaction; and - solving said linear interaction system and deducing the weights (w (c,)) from the multimedia contents C iteratively to update the weight information, the iteration number being set according to the level of accuracy and stability predefined for storing said linear system in a weighted audience measurement server.

  The invention also relates to a program for controlling a computer platform for implementing a weighted content measurement method of multimedia content C, controlled to: - periodically collect said information on the measurement platform; It-record all interactions between users and contents, in a relational database as a relationship table; - perform processing consisting of recording on the server a weight table comprising for each content and each user a weight variable (w (c,)) and assigning to each content of the set of multimedia content C a weight (W ( Ci)) and to each user of the set of M users a weight (w (m1)); constructing a linear normalized interaction system comprising C + M equations connecting the C + M weights (w (c)) and (w (mi)) according to said interaction mode, the coefficients of said linear interaction system; expressing as a function of at least one characteristic quantity of said interaction mode; resolving said linear interaction system and deducing from it the weights (w (cr)) of the media contents C iteratively to update the weight information, the number of iterations being fixed according to the level of accuracy and predefined stability for storing said linear system in a weighted audience measurement server.

  The invention also relates to a computer program executable on a multimedia content server for implementing a weighted audience measurement method of C multimedia content, constituting a measurement probe controlling the recording, for each multimedia content of said multimedia content server: • of each interaction, between said multimedia content and a user among the M users, • of each interaction, between said multimedia content and another content among the C multimedia contents.

  The following description with reference to the accompanying drawings, given by way of non-limiting examples, will make it clear what the invention consists of and how it can be achieved. Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating a weight calculation method according to the invention. Figure 2 is an example of a web page of a community site on the Internet having the method according to the invention. Figure 3 illustrates the possible interactions between three users of the same grouping of content, each user having produced a content.

  Figure 4 illustrates the information flows between the users, the contents, the application probes and the measurement platform.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a method for calculating weights associated with elements intervening within an information exchange community which, in the example of FIG. 1, is constituted around a site Community Web 10. The elements involved in this process are, on the one hand, the contents of information exchanged, generically designated c, and, on the other hand, the members of the community, generically designated as mi.

  As shown in Figure 1, the computation of the weights w (c;) of the contents c, and the weights w (m,) of the members mi is carried out according to the modes of interaction that may exist between these different elements. Figure 1 takes into account four modes of interaction that are the production, reading, notation and citation of a content. The way in which each of these modes of interaction influences the weights of contents or members has been discussed in detail above. These interactions are the subject of measurements whose results are stored in real time in a database. From these results, it is possible to determine the different coefficients (CN (m), D (m,, c), RD (m1), ...) appearing in the aforementioned linear system whose unknowns are the wanted weights. The resolution of this system is performed by a computing unit 30 preferably using an iterative method whose resolution speed is determined by the factors a and p3. In practice, the calculation can be done daily, the number M of members being cumulated over a given period, a month for example. The weights obtained are then used at the community web site for a variety of purposes. Figure 2 shows a particular application of the weights calculated according to the method according to the invention.

  These are comments C (Mr.X) and C (Mr.Y) made by two members of the community Mr.X and Mr.Y to a content ci. The community site 10 then proposes to any member having captured the content c, a web page represented in FIG. 2 in which the content c is accompanied by the comments C (Mr.X) and C (Mr.Y), each comment being supplemented by the respective weight w (Mr.X), w (Mr.Y) of its author. The content reader member c; can then read the comments provided by having at its disposal a parameter indicative of the degree of reliability of the members who submitted them.

  With reference to FIGS. 3 and 4, an example of the operation of the invention for three users (101), (102) and (103) having each created a content respectively (201), (202) and (203). Figure 3 illustrates the set of possible interactions, six content-content interactions (two-way dotted arrows in Figure 3) and six User-Content Interactions (unidirectional solid arrows in Figure 3). Content-Content interactions can be, for example, a quote from one article in another article, referencing an article in another article. User-content interactions may be, for example, a subjective assessment of the quality of an article by a user, reading an article. Those skilled in the art can readily appreciate that the number of possible interactions is not a linear function of the number of users. Thus, the arrival of an additional user with own content in the content pool (1) would add six content-content interactions and six user-content interactions. Optionally, the embodiment of the invention may take into account User-User interactions. Since the purpose of the invention is to measure the audience and the relevance of information, the interactions of a user with his own content are not taken into account, with the exception of the creation of a content, which would be likely to distort measurements.

  As a first step, any user (101, 102 or 103) wishing to take part in a content aggregation, will have to install on its content publishing space (blog, website, discussion forum, newsgroup server) an application measure (300). Next, the user creates an account allowing it to be referenced by the measurement platform (400), specifying at least the content aggregation (1) to which the account is attached. The measurement probe (300) installed on a content management space has the effect of referencing all the interactions performed by the user (for example 101) on content (for example (202), (203)) belonging to the same content grouping (1) and created by another user (eg (102) or (103)). The probe (300) also references the interactions having effect on a content attached to said probe, for example citation of the content to another content, new content related content (eg a comment on a blog article). Each interaction is referenced by the probe in a family of interactions also called interaction mode.

  Then, the probe application transmits to the platform (400) the previously collected information. This information is then saved in a relational database. This transmission can be carried out periodically, for example every day, or, in an alternative embodiment, when the amount of stored information reaches a limit established during the design of the probe application, for example all the hundred interactions. recorded. The platform (400) will periodically re-evaluate the measurements made, ideally every day. This operation consists in creating a weight table for the content grouping (1) concerned. Each measured element, user or content, being associated with a weight, initialized to an arbitrary value, for example 0. The platform then builds a linear system linking the elements (content or user) contained in the content grouping (1) , the weights associated with the element, the number of interactions per interaction mode and associated element for each element. Then the platform solves this linear system, and deduces the weight of each user and each content.

  This weight constitutes the evaluation of the elements present in the content grouping. A platform (400) is possibly capable of managing several groups of different contents.

Claims (10)

  A method for measuring the weighted audience of C multimedia contents, stored in at least one content server, accessible through a communication network, and M users equipped with communication terminals, able to interact with said multimedia contents according to least one mode of interaction, characterized in that said method comprises the steps of: in a preliminary step • to create, for a new grouping of multimedia contents, created by at least one user (mi) among the M users, and containing at least one multimedia content (ci) among the C multimedia contents, an account associated with a unique identifier, on a weighted audience measurement platform, • to be installed on all the content servers, containing all the multimedia content of said new content grouping, a measurement probe constituted by an application able to communicate with the measurement platform, then in s information collection steps • to record, for each multimedia content of each content grouping, on the measurement probe associated with said grouping of content, each interaction, relating to a mode of interaction, between said multimedia content among the set of C multimedia content and a user among the M users, • to record, for each multimedia content of each content grouping, on the measurement probe associated with said content grouping, each interaction, relating to a mode of interaction, between said multimedia content among the set of C multimedia contents and other content among the C multimedia contents, • periodically collecting said information contained in the measurement probes on the measurement platform, and recording all the interactions between the users and the users. content, in a relational database in the form of a relationship table, 17 and in stages of periodic weighting • to record on the measurement platform a weight table associating with each content (ci) a weight (c.,)) and to each user (m; a weight (w (m;)) • to construct a linear interaction system comprising C + M equations connecting the C + M weights (w (Ci)) and (w (mi)) according to said interaction mode, the coefficients of said linear interaction system expressing as a function of at least one characteristic quantity of said interaction mode, and solving said linear interaction system and deducing from it the weights (w (Ci)) of the multimedia content C's and the weights (w (m;)) of the user M's iteratively, the iteration number being set according to the predefined level of precision and stability, and • storing said linear system on the weighted audience measuring platform .   2. Method according to claim 1, wherein said interaction mode is the production of a content (Ci) by at least one user (mi), the associated characteristic quantity being a number (P (mi, ci)) equal to 1 if the user (m;) has produced the content (ci) and 0 otherwise.   3. Method according to any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein said interaction mode is the creation of a link from one content (c ;,) to another content (ci), said associated characteristic quantity being a number (C (c;, ci)) equal to 1 if the link exists and 0 otherwise.   4. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein said interaction mode is access by at least one user (mi) to a content (e,) produced by another user, said associated characteristic quantity being the access time (D (m;, c;)) of the content (ci) by the member. 15   The method of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein said mode of interaction is further an action performed on a content accessed by a user.   6. The method of claim 5, wherein said action is the notation of said content by said user, said associated characteristic quantity being a relative note given to said content by said user.   7. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein said linear interaction system of order C + M, whose unknowns are the C + M weights (n '(c)) and (Wom, >), consists of: - of C (i = 1, ..., C) equations of the following type: P (m, c,). w (m.) D (m, c,) GR (mc) w (c;) = a + / 3 + a1w (m) 2 + a3Ew (m) 3, + a, CN (m) 2 RD (m) 3 GG (m)),, 2 JZ Jq Jg - and of M = 1, ..., M) equations of the following type: C (c ;, c;.). w (c) CC (c,) D '(mi, c, .2) RD' (c, z) P (m, c ,,) .w (c, i) + a6 E w (c, 2) w (m1) = a +, / 3 as EA (c.) 20 where: - relates to members m ;, having produced the content ci, CN (m)) being the number of contents produced by the member m.), - E relates to the members m ;, having read the content D (m, c,) being ), = the playing time of the content ci by the member sets RD (m),) the total playing time of all the contents by the member mJ ,,, - E relates to the members m; 3 having noted the content ci, GR (m; 3, c) being the note given to the content by the mem 3) and GG (m) 3) the sum of the notes given to the set of contents by the member m; 3, - relates to the contents ci, having quoted the content ci, CC (c ,,) being the number of citations of the contents in the content ci,, - relates to the contents ci, produced by the member A (ci,) being the number of members who produced the content ci,, - relates to the contents ci, read by the member m; , D '(m2) being the duration of reading of the content ci, by the member mi and RD' (c;) the total duration z of reading of the content cil by the set of members, - the coefficients a, to a6 take the value 1 if the associated interaction mode is taken into account, and 0 otherwise. - a and P are normalization factors, satisfying the condition i = 4 for the computation of w (ci): a + (/ 3 x ai) = i = 1 i = 6 for the computation of w (m,): a + x ai) = 1 i = 5   8. System for implementing a weighted content measuring method of multimedia content C according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it consists of a plurality of computers connected by a network. to a measurement platform, each computer being associated with at least one user among the M users, having in its memory at least one of the multimedia contents C and being equipped with a measurement probe controlling the recording of: • each interaction, between a content associated with said probe among the multimedia content C and a user among the M users, of each interaction, between a content associated with the probe among the multimedia content C and another content among the multimedia content C system further comprising a controlled measuring platform for: periodically collecting said information on the measurement platform, and recording any the interactions between Internet users and content, in a relational database in the form of a relation table; - perform processing consisting of recording on the server a weight table comprising for each content and each user a weight variable (w (c,)) and assigning to each content of the set of C multimedia contents a weight (w ( cr)) and to each user of the set of M users a weight (w (m;)) - construct a linear normalized interaction system including C + M equations connecting the C + M weights (w (c +)) and (w (mi)) according to said interaction mode, the coefficients of said linear interaction system being expressed as a function of at least one characteristic quantity of said mode of interaction; and - solving said linear interaction system and deriving the weights (w (c :)) from the multimedia contents C iteratively to update the weight information, the iteration number being set according to the level of precision and stability predefined for storing said linear system in a weighted audience measurement server.   9. Program for controlling a computer platform for the implementation of a weighted audience measuring method of C multimedia content according to at least one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it ordered to: - collect periodically said information on the measurement platform; - record all interactions between users and contents, in a relational database as a relationship table; performing processing consisting in recording on the server a weight table comprising for each content and each user a variable weight (w (Cr)) and assigning to each content of the set of C multimedia contents a weight (w ( c,)) and to each user of the set of M users a weight (w (m 1)); 21 - constructing a linear normalized interaction system comprising C + M equations connecting the C + M weights (w (cr)) and (w (Ini)) according to said interaction mode, the coefficients of said linear interaction system s expressing as a function of at least one characteristic quantity of said interaction mode; resolving said linear interaction system and deriving the weights (w (ci)) from the multimedia content C's iteratively to update the weight information, the iteration number being set according to the level of accuracy and predefined stability for storing said linear system in a weighted audience measurement server.   Computer program executable on a multimedia content server for implementing a weighted content measurement method of C multimedia content according to at least one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it constitutes a measuring probe controlling the recording, for each multimedia content of said multimedia content server: of each interaction, between said multimedia content and a user among the users, of each interaction, between said multimedia content and another content among C multimedia content.