FR2908568A1 - Acoustic signal level controlling device for use with e.g. telephone handset, has step-up transformer with primary winding for ensuring feedback and secondary winding controlling feedback using resistor - Google Patents

Acoustic signal level controlling device for use with e.g. telephone handset, has step-up transformer with primary winding for ensuring feedback and secondary winding controlling feedback using resistor Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2908568A1
FR2908568A1 FR0609773A FR0609773A FR2908568A1 FR 2908568 A1 FR2908568 A1 FR 2908568A1 FR 0609773 A FR0609773 A FR 0609773A FR 0609773 A FR0609773 A FR 0609773A FR 2908568 A1 FR2908568 A1 FR 2908568A1
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Prior art keywords
feedback
transformer
signal
primary winding
voltage
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FR0609773A
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French (fr)
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FR2908568B1 (en
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De Preaudeau Marie Caro Barbie
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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04MTELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/60Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers including speech amplifiers
    • H04M1/6016Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers including speech amplifiers in the receiver circuit
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03GCONTROL OF AMPLIFICATION
    • H03G1/00Details of arrangements for controlling amplification
    • H03G1/0005Circuits characterised by the type of controlling devices operated by a controlling current or voltage signal
    • H03G1/0035Circuits characterised by the type of controlling devices operated by a controlling current or voltage signal using continuously variable impedance elements
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03GCONTROL OF AMPLIFICATION
    • H03G1/00Details of arrangements for controlling amplification
    • H03G1/0005Circuits characterised by the type of controlling devices operated by a controlling current or voltage signal
    • H03G1/0035Circuits characterised by the type of controlling devices operated by a controlling current or voltage signal using continuously variable impedance elements
    • H03G1/007Circuits characterised by the type of controlling devices operated by a controlling current or voltage signal using continuously variable impedance elements using FET type devices
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03GCONTROL OF AMPLIFICATION
    • H03G7/00Volume compression or expansion in amplifiers
    • H03G7/002Volume compression or expansion in amplifiers in untuned or low-frequency amplifiers, e.g. audio amplifiers
    • H03G7/004Volume compression or expansion in amplifiers in untuned or low-frequency amplifiers, e.g. audio amplifiers using continuously variable impedance devices
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R3/00Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R3/007Protection circuits for transducers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2499/00Aspects covered by H04R or H04S not otherwise provided for in their subgroups
    • H04R2499/10General applications
    • H04R2499/11Transducers incorporated or for use in hand-held devices, e.g. mobile phones, PDA's, camera's

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Networks Using Active Elements (AREA)

Abstract

The device has a step-up transformer (TR) with primary winding permitting voltage control through load impedance (Z1) and a secondary winding supplying a sufficient voltage level to a threshold device. The device is formed of a diode (D) e.g. Zener diode, resistors (R1, R2) and a capacitor (C) that controls a transistor (T) e.g. FET, by variable bias voltage. The primary winding ensures a feedback, and the secondary winding controls the feedback by a resistor (R3).

Description

La présente invention concerne un dispositif électronique destiné àThe present invention relates to an electronic device for

contrôler le niveau acoustique transmis par un terminal téléphonique à un utilisateur, sans apport d'alimentation électrique extérieure, de piles ou de batteries, malgré le faible niveau (quelques dizaines de millivolts) des signaux audio-électriques à traiter.  control the acoustic level transmitted by a telephone terminal to a user, without external power supply, batteries or batteries, despite the low level (a few tens of millivolts) of the audio-electrical signals to be processed.

Ce dispositif est destiné à protéger l'utilisateur d'un micro-casque, d'un combiné téléphonique ou d'un système de transmission sonore quelconque d'une pression acoustique excessive, en cas de montée progressive ou brutale du signal audio-électrique reçue ou transmise par le système. Il est également destiné à assurer à l'utilisateur d'un terminal téléphonique la régularité du niveau acoustique moyen reçu sur l'écouteur du combiné ou du micro-casque. En effet, l'expérience montre que d'une conversation téléphonique à une autre, les changements de lignes de communication et de l'équipement de l'interlocuteur distant fait varier ce niveau d'une manière importante.  This device is intended to protect the user of a headset, a telephone set or any sound transmission system of excessive sound pressure, in the event of a gradual or sudden rise in the received audio-electrical signal. or transmitted by the system. It is also intended to provide the user of a telephone terminal the regularity of the average acoustic level received on the earpiece of the handset or the headset. Indeed, experience shows that from one telephone conversation to another, the changes in communication lines and the equipment of the remote party varies this level in an important way.

Le dispositif se comportera alors comme un régulateur de niveau acoustique, à la seule condition de lui fournir à son entrée un signal d'amplitude suffisamment élevé pour couvrir les différentes situations, du niveau d'entrée le plus faible au niveau le plus élevé. Le dispositif a pour caractéristique de respecter une bonne reproduction du 20 signal acoustique, et se différencie donc totalement des procédés faisant appel à de l'écrêtage, obtenus à partir de semi-conducteurs non linéaires, et qui introduisent des harmoniques importantes rendant le signal de mauvaise qualité. Le spectre de fréquences concerné se situe à l'intérieur de la zone de 25 sensibilité humaine, au mieux de 20 Hz à 20 000 Hz, qui peut être réduit dans le cas d'applications spécifiques (300Hz à 3000 Hz pour la téléphonie courante par exemple). De nombreuses solutions existent par ailleurs, mais faisant exclusivement appel à une alimentation électrique, interne ou externe, fournissant 30 l'énergie pour des circuits correcteurs et limiteurs classiques. Cette nécessité d'alimentation est un handicap, notamment dans un contexte professionnel. Le dispositif selon l'invention permet de traiter le signal électrique sans amplification d'énergie, illustré par le schéma (Fig.1). Il comporte un transformateur TR qui reçoit le signal au travers d'une y, 2908568 35 impédance de charge, désignée Z1 sur la figure 1. Ce transformateur, présentant un rapport de transformation et un coefficient de qualité adapté au niveau du signal à basse fréquence E reçu à l'entrée, transmet à son enroulement secondaire un signal Vs multiplié par son rapport d'enroulement. Ce signal secondaire se trouve alors à un niveau suffisant pour être soumis 40 à l'effet de seuil du composant D, qui peut être, selon les besoins, une diode type Schottky, ou au germanium, ou une diode de signal courante, ou une diode Zener, ou tout autre composant présentant une tension de seuil appropriée à l'application spécifique du montage. Le signal électrique Vs se trouvant au-dessus de ce seuil de tension remplit 45 la capacité C au travers de la résistance R1, dont la valeur est définie selon la vitesse de charge désirée. La tension Vc aux bornes de la capacité C s'élève si le signal d'entrée persiste à être élevé, et la tension Vs présente sur l'enroulement secondaire de TR au dessus de la tension de seuil du composant D continue à charger 50 le condensateur C. Un transistor T (de type bipolaire ou à effet de champ, selon le résultat désiré) reçoit sur sa base (ou sa grille) la tension Vc au travers d'une résistance d'adaptation R2, et T devient conducteur dès que la tension polarisée Vc dépasse la tension de jonction Vjt (Vjt est par exemple la 55 tension base émetteur pour un transistor bipolaire). Le transistor T fait alors chuter la tension au secondaire du transformateur TR au travers de la résistance R3, chute qui se retrouve proportionnellement à l'enroulement primaire de TR grâce à la présence de l'impédance de chute Z1.  The device will then behave as an acoustic level regulator, on the sole condition of providing at its input a signal of sufficiently high amplitude to cover the different situations, from the lowest input level to the highest level. The device has the characteristic of respecting a good reproduction of the acoustic signal, and thus totally different from clipping processes, obtained from nonlinear semiconductors, and which introduce important harmonics making the signal of bad quality. The relevant frequency spectrum is within the human sensitivity zone, at best 20 Hz to 20 000 Hz, which can be reduced in the case of specific applications (300 Hz to 3000 Hz for current telephony example). Many solutions exist elsewhere, but exclusively using a power supply, internal or external, providing energy for conventional corrector and limiter circuits. This need for food is a handicap, especially in a professional context. The device according to the invention makes it possible to process the electrical signal without amplification of energy, illustrated by the diagram (FIG. It comprises a transformer TR which receives the signal through a charge impedance y, designated Z1 in FIG. 1. This transformer, having a transformation ratio and a quality coefficient adapted to the level of the low frequency signal E received at the input, transmits to its secondary winding a signal Vs multiplied by its winding ratio. This secondary signal is then at a level sufficient to be subjected to the threshold effect of component D, which may be, as required, a Schottky type diode, or germanium, or a current signal diode, or Zener diode, or any other component having a threshold voltage appropriate to the specific application of the arrangement. The electrical signal Vs above this voltage threshold fills the capacitor C through the resistor R1, the value of which is defined according to the desired charging rate. The voltage Vc across the capacitor C rises if the input signal persists to be high, and the voltage Vs present on the secondary winding of TR above the threshold voltage of the component D continues to charge 50 capacitor C. A transistor T (bipolar or field effect type, depending on the desired result) receives on its base (or its gate) the voltage Vc through a matching resistor R2, and T becomes conductive as soon as the biased voltage Vc exceeds the junction voltage Vjt (Vjt is for example the emitter base voltage for a bipolar transistor). The transistor T then causes the voltage at the secondary of the transformer TR to drop through the resistor R3, which falls in proportion to the primary winding of TR due to the presence of the falling impedance Z1.

60 Le signal de sortie S se trouve donc réduit par rapport au signal d'entrée E, jusqu'à ce que la tension Vc revienne au niveau de Vjt, et proportionnellement à l'importance de la tension Vc qui est elle-même générée par l'importance de la montée en puissance du signal d'entrée E. Cette réduction se produit d'une manière linéaire, puisque la commande du 65 transistor T se fait par une tension continue (Vc), et non par un signal de basse fréquence qui serait amplifié d'une manière déformée compte tenu des seuils de tensions de jonction du transistor T. Il est à noter que l'impédance Z1 peut être une simple résistance si on ne désire pas de correction spectrale du signal (corrections dépendant de la 70 fréquence du signal d'entrée E).The output signal S is thus reduced with respect to the input signal E, until the voltage Vc returns to Vjt, and proportionally to the magnitude of the voltage Vc which is itself generated by the importance of the ramp-up of the input signal E. This reduction occurs in a linear manner, since the control of the transistor T is by a DC voltage (Vc), and not by a low frequency signal which would be amplified in a deformed way taking into account the thresholds of junction voltages of the transistor T. It should be noted that the impedance Z1 can be a simple resistance if one does not want a spectral correction of the signal (corrections depending on the 70 frequency of the input signal E).

Claims (3)

REVENDICATIONS 1) Dispositif pour limiter un signal acoustique de très faible niveau sans apport d'énergie extérieure caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un transformateur TR, élévateur de signal, dont le primaire exerce une régulation de tension au travers de l'impédance de chute Z1, et dont le secondaire alimente à un niveau de tension suffisante un dispositif à seuil constitué d'une diode D, des résistances R1 et R2, et d'un condensateur C commandant par une tension polarisée variable un transistor T dont les valeurs sont calculées selon les niveaux et les temporisations désirées. La contre-réaction est assurée par l'enroulement primaire du transformateur TR lui-même, commandé à son secondaire par la résistance R3.  1) Device for limiting an acoustic signal of very low level without external energy input characterized in that it comprises a transformer TR, signal booster, the primary exerts a voltage regulation through the falling impedance Z1 , and whose secondary supplies at a sufficient voltage level a threshold device consisting of a diode D, resistors R1 and R2, and a capacitor C controlling by a variable polarized voltage a transistor T whose values are calculated according to the desired levels and delays. The feedback is ensured by the primary winding of the transformer TR itself, controlled at its secondary by the resistor R3. 2) Dispositif assurant le contrôle du niveau d'un signal audio-électrique faible caractérisé par le développement d'une tension continue variable auto-générée par ce même signal.  2) Device for controlling the level of a weak audio-electric signal characterized by the development of a variable DC voltage self-generated by the same signal. 3 ) Dispositif utilisant un transistor T en résistance variable, caractérisé en ce qu'il agit sur le comportement de l'enroulement secondaire d'un transformateur, qui par couplage introduit une action sur l'enroulement primaire afin d'agir sur le signal audio-électrique à contrôler.  3) Device using a transistor T variable resistance, characterized in that it acts on the behavior of the secondary winding of a transformer, which by coupling introduces an action on the primary winding to act on the audio signal -electric to control.
FR0609773A 2006-11-09 2006-11-09 ELECTRONIC CONTROL DEVICE FOR ACOUSTIC LEVEL WITHOUT EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLY. Expired - Fee Related FR2908568B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0609773A FR2908568B1 (en) 2006-11-09 2006-11-09 ELECTRONIC CONTROL DEVICE FOR ACOUSTIC LEVEL WITHOUT EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLY.

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0609773A FR2908568B1 (en) 2006-11-09 2006-11-09 ELECTRONIC CONTROL DEVICE FOR ACOUSTIC LEVEL WITHOUT EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLY.

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FR2908568A1 true FR2908568A1 (en) 2008-05-16
FR2908568B1 FR2908568B1 (en) 2013-03-08

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019201814A1 (en) * 2018-04-16 2019-10-24 Ammann Consulting & Trading Gmbh Volume control device for an audio system

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3368158A (en) * 1965-05-14 1968-02-06 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Low-level automatic gain control circuitry
EP0095902A1 (en) * 1982-05-28 1983-12-07 British Broadcasting Corporation Headphone level protection circuit
WO2003079722A1 (en) * 2002-03-20 2003-09-25 Sennheiser Communications A/S Active audio compressing in telecommunication

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3368158A (en) * 1965-05-14 1968-02-06 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Low-level automatic gain control circuitry
EP0095902A1 (en) * 1982-05-28 1983-12-07 British Broadcasting Corporation Headphone level protection circuit
WO2003079722A1 (en) * 2002-03-20 2003-09-25 Sennheiser Communications A/S Active audio compressing in telecommunication

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019201814A1 (en) * 2018-04-16 2019-10-24 Ammann Consulting & Trading Gmbh Volume control device for an audio system

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Effective date: 20160729