FR2883452A1 - PROCESS FOR TREATING PLANTS USING AQUEOUS SILICONE DISPERSION CONTAINING PHYTOSANITARY ADDITIVE - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for treating and / or protecting a plant. More specifically, the intended surface treatment is intended to treat a plant (tree) in a simple and economical way. The process proposed by the invention consists essentially of applying to the plant at least one dressing obtained from a composition-preferably polymer-hardenable either under the effect of drying, or by chemical crosslinking, or by drying and chemical crosslinking, in particular at ambient temperature, as a preventive and / or curative synthetic coating. The composition is, for example, an aqueous silicone dispersion curable by drying and by condensation crosslinking. The dressing is obtained before application to the plant or directly during this application, for example by spreading with a spatula. The dressing is elastic and self-adhesive. The invention also relates to the composition (e.g. aqueous silicone) additive with one or more phytosanitary active ingredients.

Description

PROCESS FOR TREATING PLANTS WITH DISPERSION

  AQUEOUS SILICONE CONTAINING A PHYTOSANITARY ADDITIVE

  The field of the invention is that of plant treatment methods and means useful for this purpose.

  The phytosanitary treatments concerned are, in particular, preventive and / or curative protective treatments, disease control, cicatrization or even aid for the growth of plants (e.g. plants, trees-especially fruit-).

  The problem underlying the invention is the development of new methods of treatment and protection of plants such as plants - especially ornamental plants - or trees - especially fruit trees.

  In the same way as individuals in the animal kingdom, plants are subject to diseases, more or less superficial wounds and / or mutilations, or even problems of local decay.

  Specifically, the phytosanitary requirements of plants can be: E physical protection when the bark is torn off, É helps to heal wounds or cut branches, E clogging cankers (common especially on apple trees), É the clogging of cavities colonized by insects or other parasites (larvae) ..., É and / or the filling of recessed parts (forks, branches) likely to accumulate stagnant water, which favors decay .

  As regards the animal kingdom, it is known to remedy comparable problems using, for example, bandages, bandages or compresses soaked or not with active products.

  It is known to use silicones as a support in dressings or other means of treating superficial wounds occurring in individuals of the animal kingdom, in particular in humans. Thus, patent application WO-A-01/64258 describes the use in a dressing of silicone foam intended to support a natural polymer such as collagen. The patent application WO-A-00/53139 describes a dressing comprising an adhesive tape and a silicone elastomer pad fixed on the adhesive side of the band of the same name and intended to be applied to the wound.

  The transposition of these means of treatment to the plant kingdom is not at all common and, in any case, there is no practical way to treat and protect plants, as can be done with for example, using animal dressings.

  There exist on the market healing sealants for plants, but these pasty products are based on tars (eg pine tars) or mixtures of vegetable oils / resins and suffer from numerous disadvantages: they are non-hardenable, difficult to apply, toxic or even flammable, among others.

  Thus, one of the essential objectives of the present invention is to fill this gap by proposing a technique and means of treatment and / or protection of plants, which do not have the aforementioned drawbacks.

  Another essential object of the invention is to provide a technique and means of treatment and / or protection of plants, which are simple to implement (application to the plant).

  Another essential objective of the invention is to provide a technique and means for treating and / or protecting plants, which require only one intervention for the application, to the exclusion of any other intervention for the withdrawal. means implemented.

  Another essential objective of the invention is to provide a technique and means for treating and / or protecting plants, which are non-toxic (e.g., without volatile solvent).

  Another essential object of the invention is to provide a technique and means for treating and / or protecting plants, which are not dangerous (e.g. non-flammable).

  Another essential objective of the invention is to provide a technique and means of treatment and / or protection of plants, which are odorless.

  Another essential objective of the invention is to provide a technique and means of treatment and / or protection of plants, which are environmentally friendly.

  Another essential objective of the invention is to provide a technique and means for treating and / or protecting plants, which make it possible to form on the plants to be treated an effective protective barrier, and which is preferably elastic for marry the shape of plant supports and adapt well to dimensional variations.

  Another essential objective of the invention is to provide a method and means for treating and / or protecting plants which make it possible to fix the carriers of active phytosanitary principles on the plants, in order to optimize the preventive and curative effects of these agents. phytosanitary active principles, or even prolong them for long periods.

  Another essential objective of the invention is to provide a method and means for treating plants which is simple and economical to implement.

  Another essential object of the invention is to provide a method and means for treating plants which overcome the difficulty of adhering a dressing to a plant support.

  Another essential object of the invention is to propose a method and means for protecting plants whose bark is torn off and / or for the healing of wounds and cut branches on E plants and / or for clogging: - * of cankers, especially on fruit trees -> and / or cavities colonized by plant pests -3 and / or hollow parts of plants particularly prone to accumulation of stagnant water and therefore rotting.

  These objectives, among others, are achieved by the present invention, which first of all relates to a method for treating and / or protecting a plant, characterized in that it consists essentially of applying to the plant at least one dressing. obtained from a composition -preferably polymer-curable either under the effect of drying, or by chemical crosslinking, or by drying and chemical crosslinking, in particular at room temperature, as a preventive and / or curative synthetic coating; the expression "chemical crosslinking" is intended to denote all the bridging reactions between the macromolecular chains by addition, polyaddition, condensation, polycondensation, dehydrogenopolycondensation, of a conventional and / or ionic and / or radical nature, this crosslinking possibly being triggered and / or accelerated under the action of heat, radiation, electron beam and / or by means of catalysis ur.

  Without this being limiting, the composition-preferably a hardening compound used in the process according to the invention is advantageously a putty, that is to say a viscous composition based on a polymeric material intended to make coatings. liquids, especially sealing, filling, fixing.

  All the merit of the inventors is to have had the idea to implement a fluid formulation, harmless, environmentally neutral and easy to apply on plants, curable fairly quickly in ambient conditions, to form a dressing-advantageously elastic and self-adherent-. In addition, this dressing may carry phytosanitary active principles, able to diffuse more or less slowly to the plant and to allow the preventive and / or curative treatment (healing / pesticide effect) and / or protection and / or development ( growth accelerator) of plants such as plants and fruit trees.

  By way of illustration, it may be pointed out that the curable-preferably polymer-curable composition used in the process according to the invention is chosen, for example, from polyurethane mastics, silicone mastics or MSP ("Modified Silicon Polymer" type mastics: polyoxyalkylene (propylene) silylated), acrylic mastics and mixtures thereof.

  According to a preferred embodiment (MP) of the invention, the curable composition comprises at least one aqueous dispersion - preferably polymer - hardenable by removal of water.

  The aqueous homologues (emulsions) of the mastics listed above are examples of useful aqueous dispersions.

  According to an even more preferred embodiment (MP *) of the invention, the method of treating and / or selecting a plant consists essentially of applying to the plant at least one dressing obtained from a silicone composition which is extensible. , curable and comprising at least one aqueous dispersion of silicone oil (s) comprising: -A- 100 parts by weight of at least one polyorganosiloxane oil (A) capable of crosslinking by condensation, if necessary in the presence of an agent of crosslinking (B), an elastomer; If necessary, from 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of at least one crosslinking agent (B) -C- optionally up to 10 parts by weight of at least one adhesion promoter (C) preferably a silane; Optionally, up to 200 parts by dry weight of a filler (D); Optionally, a catalytically effective amount of at least one catalytic curing compound (E) of up to 3 parts by weight; At least one emulsifier (F); Optionally, at least one functional additive (G) for treating and / or protecting the plant; -H- and water.

  The inventive choice according to the MP & MP * modalities, of a reactive aqueous emulsion (eg silicone), capable, by elimination of water (for example by drying evaporation-activated or not and / or by absorption on the support) and possibly by crosslinking, to form an elastic and self-adhesive dressing, provides all the advantages associated with the use of water as a transport fluid curable polymer: safety, economy, ease of use (including washing tools with water) .

  The biphasic aspect of the composition allows an association with both hydrophobic and hydrophilic phytosanitary active ingredients.

  With regard to the MP * modality of the invention, interesting advantages of the process are related to the water-repellent nature of the silicone dressing used. This completes the barrier effect, which can be illustrated by specifying that such a dressing applied to wounds or in the hollows of plants or trees allows, preventively, to avoid the accumulation of stagnant water and the rotting of the plant. .

  As already pointed out above, the elasticity is an asset for the dressing concerned by the process according to the invention. To go in this direction, it is entirely recommended according to the invention that the composition used is curable elastomer.

  Treated plants can be sick, injured and / or pruned plants or trees.

  Preferably, the silicone dressing is obtained by directly applying to the plant at least one layer of the composition (eg silicone) and allowing the layer to harden by drying and / or polymerization / crosslinking, so as to form a synthetic coating (eg silicone ) waterproof and adhering to the plant. This is therefore a coating of a silicone composition, for example pasty on the plant so as to form or build the dressing in situ.

  Preferably, the functional additive (G) is chosen from the phytosanitary active principles of treatment and / or protection and / or growth aid (development) of plants. More particularly, this functional additive (G) is chosen from the group comprising: healing agents, fertilizers, bactericides, pesticides and their mixtures.

  According to a remarkable characteristic of the invention, during application to the plant, the curable composition is a paste with a viscosity at 25 ° C. of between 10 -3 and 10 -07 mPa.s, preferably between 1 × 10 4 and 1.106 mPa.s, and more preferably still between 1.2.103 and 5.105 mPa.s.

  All the viscosities referred to herein correspond to a dynamic viscosity quantity at 25 C called "Newtonian", that is to say the dynamic viscosity which is measured, in a manner known per se, at a gradient of shear rate sufficiently low that the measured viscosity is independent of the velocity gradient.

  The term "paste" covers in particular precursors not yet hardened, in liquid, semi-liquid or semi-thick form. These precursors are advantageously ready for use. They can be applied easily in thin or thick layer (s), especially by spatula, brush, brush, roller or spray application. Advantageously, the synthetic coating (for example gel or elastomer, in particular silicone) applied to the plant forms a dressing having excellent mechanical properties (including resistance / elasticity) self-adhesive and despite climatic variations. This method of application and the dressings it makes it possible to obtain is particularly suitable for plant supports to be treated and / or protected.

  The ease of use which is one of the strong points of the invention is particularly noticeable in the preferred MP & MP * modalities which refer to so-called "aqueous" user-friendly technologies. In particular, a dispersion (e.g. silicone) aqueous is applicable quickly and safely, without special precautions.

  Drying / crosslinking is done without the release of odor or toxic chemicals and cleaning tools is simply done with water. This aqueous dispersion does not contain volatile organic compounds.

  Finally, these benefits are acquired without harming the hardened dressing obtained after complete curing. In particular, this does not affect its mechanical properties, nor its ability to perfectly coat and marry the vegetable support and in particular the trees. The dressing is thus perfectly effective for phytosanitary treatment and protection. In addition to being easy to use, non-toxic and self-adhesive, the aqueous character of the dispersions (eg silicone) selected according to the preferred modalities MP & MP * has another significant advantage, the fact that the application tools can be easily cleaned with water until the dressing has set or hardened.

  The dressing that can be obtained by the process of the invention in its particularly preferred mode MP * is advantageously constituted by an aqueous dispersion comprising at least one reactive silicone oil (A), at least one emulsifier (F) and at least one water (H). The optional ingredients of this dispersion are: at least one crosslinking agent (B) and / or at least one adhesion promoter (C) - preferably a silane (eg amine) - and / or at least one filler (D) (eg colloidal silicas or calcium carbonate) and / or at least one catalytic curing compound (E) and / or at least one functional additive (G). Such a dispersion is for example capable of forming at ambient temperature a gel or an elastomer, by elimination of water, namely drying and condensation of the reactive termini (for example silanols or optionally alkoxysilyl).

  As regards more particularly, but not exclusively, the process according to the invention in its MP * modality, the aqueous silicone dispersion used is monocomponent, which further facilitates the implementation.

  One of the advantages of aqueous silicone dispersions according to MP * is related to the water-repellent properties of these polymers. The self-adhesive nature of the silicone coating (gel or elastomer) is particularly appreciable in this application.

  Preferably, the silicone dispersion implemented in the MP * modality is free of solvents or volatile organic compounds.

  More precisely, this aqueous silicone dispersion of the MP * modality is advantageously of the type of those described in the PCT application WO-A02 / 00770 and in the application FR-A-2 861 722, the contents of which are integrated into the present application by reference.

  In the context of the present invention, however, it can be specified with respect to the oil (A) that the viscosity of its silicone phase (c) is> 10 mPa.s, preferably at 5 × 10 4 mPa.s and more preferentially still at 7.104 mPa.s. The viscosity considered was determined for example using a Brookfield viscometer according to AFNOR standard NFT76102 of 02.02.1972.

  Advantageously, the oils (A) are α,--hydroxylated oils or functional oils comprising, per molecule, at least 2 condensable functional groups, optionally after hydrolysis.

  More precisely, these oils (A) may be represented by the following generic formula (I): (I) (R 3) a R '(R 3) a R 3 - (a + b) Si-O (Si 0 Si R 3 - (a) in which: a is 0 or 1, -b is 0 or 1, with a + b = 0; 1 or 2, na is sufficient to give the polymer (a) the desired viscosity, - the R radicals are the same or different and represent: ## STR5 ## an alkoxy or alkenyloxy group containing from 1 to 10 carbon atoms; from 6 to 13 carbon atoms; - an acyloxy group containing 1 to 13 carbon atoms; - a cetiminoxy group containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms; - an amino or amido functional group containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms; 5, the radicals R 1 and R 2 are identical or different and represent aliphatic organic groups alkyl, alkenyl, having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, aromatic phenyl, said groups being optionally substituted by halogen atoms or cyano groups; radicals R; and R4 are the same or different and represent aliphatic alkyl, aminoalkyl, polyaminoalkyl, epoxyalkyl, alkenyl, containing from 1 to 13 carbon atoms, aryl aromatic groups containing from 6 to 13 carbon atoms; at least two optional condensible functional groups after hydrolysis being present per molecule of at least 80% of the radicals R1 to R4 representing a methyl group.

  By way of example of R radicals, mention may be made of: alkoxy groups such as, for example, methoxy, ethoxy or octyloxy; Alkenyloxy such as for example vinyloxy, hexenyloxy, isopropenyloxy; Aryloxy such as, for example, phenyloxy; Acyloxy such as for example acetoxy; Etiethoxy such as for example ON = C (CH3) C2H5; E aminofunctional such as for example ethylamino, phenylamino; Amidofunctional ethers such as, for example, methylacetamido; Among the organic aliphatic or aromatic radicals mentioned above, mention may be made of: R 1, R 2: for example methyl, ethyl, octyl, trifluoropropyl, vinyl or phenyl groups; R3, R4: for example methyl, ethyl, octyl, vinyl, allyl, phenyl; - (CH2) 3-NH2; (CH2) 3-NH- (CH2) 2-NH2.

  As concrete examples of D: R 1 R 2 SiO 2 12 units present in the oil (A), mention may be made of: (CH 3) 2 SiO 2/2; C H3 (CH2 = CH) SiO 2/2; CH3 (C6H5) SiO212; (C6H5) 2 SiO 2/2.

  As concrete examples of M: RR3R4SiO 112 units, mention may be made of: (CH3) 2 (OH) SiO v2; (OCH3) 3SiO 1/2 [O-C (CH3) = CH2] 3SiO1 / 2; [ON = C (CH 3)] 3 SiO 1/2; (NH-CH 3) 3 SiO 11 (NH-CO-CH 3) 3 SiO 1 12.

  A crosslinking agent (B) is optionally used. In particular, this agent may be recommended when the oil (A) is a α, - (dihydroxy) polydiorganosiloxane polymer.

  Many crosslinking agents can be used in amounts that depend on their nature. These crosslinking agents are well known to those skilled in the art. The following is an example of a list of crosslinking agents with the corresponding amounts recommended, expressed in parts by weight per 100 parts of oil (A): 0.5 to 10 parts of sodium silicate 0.1 to 15 parts of an alkali metal organosiliconate (EPB-266 729), 1 to 100 parts of a silsesquioxane resin microemulsion (US-B-3,355,406; US-B-3,433 780), to 100 parts of a low molecular weight reactive silicone resin having alkoxy and acyloxy groups (US-B-4,554,187), to 100 parts of a toluene-insoluble high-solids silicone resin (EP-A). A-304 719), to 100 parts of a hydroxylated silicone resin consisting of units of formulas R'3SiO1 / 2 (M) and / or R'2SiO2i2 (D), combined with units of formulas R'SiO 3/2 (T) and / or SiO 2 (Q), R 'being mainly a C 1 -C 6 alkyl, vinyl and 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl radical and a hydroxyl content by weight of between 0.1 and 10%. Among these resins, MQ resins, MDQ, TDM, TD (FR-A-2,638,166) can be particularly cited.

  1 to 20 parts of a silane of formula: (R ") u Si X (4-u) in which R" is a monovalent organic radical, in particular methyl or vinyl, u is 1 or 0, X is a condensable group and / or organic hydrolyzable of the same definition as the radical R of formula (I) above (alkoxy, alkenyloxy, acyloxy, cetiminoxy, alkylamido, alkylamido silanes described in particular in US-A-3,294,725; US-A-4,618,642; US-A-4,608,412; US-A-4,525,565; EP-A-387157; EP-A-340,120; EP-A-364,375; -A-1,248,826; FR-A-1,023,477.

  By way of examples, mention may be made of the following alkoxysilanes: Si (OC 2 H 5) 4; CH 3 Si (OCH 3) 3; CH3Si (OC2H5) 3; (C2H5O) 3Si (OCH3); CH2 = CHSi (OCH3) 3; CH3 (CH2 = CH) Si (OCH3) 2; CH2 = CH (OC2H5) 3; CH2 = CHSi [ON = C (CH3) C2H5]; CH 3 Si [ON = C (CH3) 2] 3; CH3Si [-C (CH3) = CH2] 3; methyltri (N-methylacetamidosilane); methyltris (cyclohéxylaminosilane).

  Any adhesion promoters (C) are preferably silanes.

  These silanes (C) may be: - those consisting of by-products of synthesis reaction of oils (A) and having the formula: (R 5) c Si (R) 4 -c in which formula: - is = 1 or 2, the radicals R5, which are identical or different, correspond to the radicals R3 and R4 of the oil (A) of formula (I), the radical R corresponds to the organic radical R of the polyorganosiloxane oil (A) of formula (I) said silane being present in amounts of the order of 0 to 10 parts by weight per 100 parts of oil (s) (A).

  And / or those belonging to the subgroup comprising: aminopropyltriethoxysilane, aminopropylmethyldiethoxysilane, glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, optionally in their hydrolyzed forms, and mixtures thereof, the promoters belonging to this subgroup being present in amounts up to at 50% by weight of oil (s) (A); and / or those chosen from silanes and / or water-soluble hydroxylated POSs carrying, per molecule of at least one hydroxyl and at least one hydrophilic anchoring function on a support (Fas), as well as from mixtures of these products, preferably from hydroxylated linear hydroxylated polydiorganosiloxanes with siloxyl units D and / or MD and / or hydroxylated POS resin comprising siloxyl units T and optionally M and / or D and / or Q or else siloxyl units Q andM and and / or D and / or T. These promoters (C) are free from Volatile Organic Compounds and are not substituted by hydrolysable organo-functional Substituents. More specifically, examples of these promoters (C) include an organofunctional siloxane oligomer, free of alcohol and residual alkoxy groups, obtained by cohydrolysis of aminoethylaminopropyltriethoxysilane and methyltriethoxysilane and stripping of ethanol. This type of promoter is described in European Patent EP-B-928307.

  According to a preferred arrangement of the invention, the optional charge (D) is selected Io in the group of hydrophilic compounds comprising: CaCO3, SiO2, TiO2, Al2O3 / H2O, organic (co) polymer (s) in emulsion and their mixtures.

  These hydrophilic compounds capable of constituting the particulate solid filler (D) can be obtained by precipitation in a liquid and / or by grinding.

  In the case where it is particulate charge (D) obtained by precipitation, it is possible that the latter intervene in the water. An aqueous colloidal suspension of charge (D), which can be used for the preparation of the dispersion according to the invention, is then directly available.

  According to one variant, this suspension can be obtained by incorporating the pulverulent dry charge (D) into the water.

  For example, there are slurries of precipitated CaCO3 or ground CaCO3. Silica SiO2 may be colloidal silica, precipitated silica or fumed silica.

  The term "colloidal silica" refers to a stable suspension of substantially spherical, substantially spherical silica particles ranging in size from 0.00001 to 0.1 m, preferably from 0.001 to 0.05 m.

  According to one variant, the dispersions used in the process according to the invention may comprise, in addition to the hydrophilic filler (D) supplied in the form of an aqueous colloidal suspension, a filler (D ') which is involved in the process of obtaining of the dispersion, in powder form. This charge (D ') brought to powder in the mixture leading to dispersion is distinguished from the dry hydrophilic filler (D) through its reduced specific surface area Ss (m2 / g), namely: Ss <5 Preferably, Ss <3 Examples of pulverulent fillers (D ') include: CaCO3, SiO2, TiO2, Al2O3 / H2O.

  Advantageously, the filler (D ') may represent 5 to 100 parts by dry weight per 100 parts by weight of silicone phase cps.

  Any catalytic hardening compounds (E) are well known to those skilled in the art; these are the carboxylic acid salts and metal halides such as, for example, lead, zinc, zirconium, titanium, iron, barium, calcium, manganese and especially tin.

  There may be mentioned: organic catalysts, such as amines or organic compounds functionalized with amines, reaction products of tin dicarboxylates (eg dibutyltin dilaurate) and ethyl polysilicate (US-A-3 862 919 ), chelates, especially tin bischelates (EP-A-147,323; EP-A-235,049), diorganotin dicarboxylates (GB-A-1,289,900), alkoxides, or complexes.

  They can be used in amounts of up to about 3 parts by weight, preferably in the region of 0.05 to 1 part by weight per 100 parts of oil (A).

  The emulsifiers (F) used may be ionic or non-ionic surfactants or water-soluble polymers.

  Preferably, they are nonionic surfactants. By way of examples, mention may be made of alkoxylated fatty acids, polyalkoxylated alkylphenols, polyalkoxylated fatty alcohols, polyalkoxylated or polyglycerolated fatty amides, polyglycerolated alcohols and alpha diols, ethylene oxide-propylene oxide block polymers, and alkylglucosides, alkylpolyglucosides, sucroethers, sucroesters, sucroglycerides, sorbitan esters and ethoxylated compounds of these sugar derivatives.

  According to one variant, the emulsifiers (F) are selected from anionic surfactants such as, for example, alkylbenzene sulfonates, alkylsulphates, alkylethersulphates, alkylarylethersulphates, dioctylsulphosuccinates, and alkali metals.

  The (mixture of) emulsifier (s) is chosen according to the nature of the silicone oil (A) to be emulsified; an HLB of the order of 11 to 15 is generally chosen to emulsify a silicone oil (A) consisting of a polymer α, βbis (hydroxy) polydimethylsiloxane. The weight ratio water / water + emulsifier (s) (F) is a function of the viscosity of the silicone phase (cps) and the nature of the (mixture of) surfactant (s); this ratio is for example of the order of 20/100 to 70/100, preferably of the order of 25/100 to 60/100 for stabilizing an emulsion of a silicone phase consisting of an α, β-dihydroxylated oil with a viscosity of on the order of 30 to 500 Pa.s, using a nonylphenol having 9 or 10 ethoxy units as sole emulsifier (F).

  In addition to the functional additives (G) consisting of phytosanitary active principles, the curable composition used may comprise other functional additives (I), including in particular plasticizers and / or salts and / or thickeners and / or charge dispersing agents, the latter being preferably selected from the group of products with hydrophilic function (s) anionic (s) and even more preferably from the group comprising polyacrylates and / or (poly) phosphates.

  These additives (I) may also or more precisely be: plasticizers, for example polydimethylsiloxane oils with a viscosity in the range of 300 to 10,000 mPa.s, dioctylphthalates, dialkylbenzenes optionally in aqueous emulsion, in amounts of from 0 to 70 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of oil (A); Thickening agents such as water-soluble polymers with a molecular mass greater than 10 000 g / mol, such as, for example, alkali metal polyacrylates, polyvinyl alcohols, polyethylene glycols, polyvinylpyrrolidones, carrageenans, alginates, methylcelluloses, hydroxyalkylcelluloses, xanthan gum in amounts of up to 10% by weight of the final aqueous dispersion; And dispersants of fillers such as, for example, alkali metal polyacrylates having a molecular weight of less than 5,000, mineral phosphates in amounts of up to 10% by weight of the final aqueous dispersion; May optionally mineral or organic pigments in an amount of less than 4%, preferably 2% by weight relative to the total mass of the dispersion.

  These additives may be introduced either into the silicone phase before it is emulsified or to the emulsion before dilution.

  In practice, the silicone phase (cps) of the dispersion according to the MP * modality used in the surface treatment peculiar to the invention consists of: - ((psi) an oil (A) with a viscosity of at least 104 mPa s, (cps2) a mixture of oils (A), a viscosity mixture of at least 104 mPa.s, - (cps3) a mixture of at least one oil (A) and at least one crosslinking agent (B) if it is necessary and / or an adhesion promoter (C) - for example a silane - a viscosity mixture of at least 104 mPa.s, or ((ps4) a mixture of at least an oil (A) and a possible catalytic compound (E), optionally in the presence of at least one adhesion promoter (C), for example a silane, for the preparation of the aqueous silicone dispersion selected in accordance with MP * mode of the invention, it is appropriate to refer for more details in the PCT application WO-A-02/00770 and FR-A-03 12895.

  Advantageously, the aqueous silicone dispersion A (B) (C) (D (E) F (G) H (I)) has the following optional components: A dry extract of 50 and 95%, preferably 60 to 90% and more preferably between 75 and 85%, and a pH of between 7 and 12, preferably between 8 and 12 and more preferably between 10 and 11.

  According to another of its aspects, the subject of the invention is a silicone composition that can be used for the treatment and / or the protection of a plant, which is extensible, curable and comprises at least one aqueous dispersion of silicone oil (s) comprising: A-100 parts by weight of at least one polyorganosiloxane oil (A) capable of condensation-curing, if necessary in the presence of a crosslinking agent (B), of an elastomer; If necessary, from 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of at least one crosslinking agent (B); -C optionally, up to 10 parts by weight of at least one adhesion promoter (C) - preferably a silane-; - Optionally, up to 200 parts by dry weight of a load (D); Optionally, a catalytically effective amount of at least one catalytic curing compound (E) of up to 3 parts by weight; At least one emulsifier (F); -G optionally at least one functional additive (G) for treatment and / or protection of the plant; - Het of water.

  Advantageously, this composition is characterized in that it comprises from 0.01 to 10, preferably from 0.1 to 5% by weight, of phytosanitary functional additive (G) chosen from the group comprising: cicatrization agents, fertilizers, bactericides, pesticides and their mixtures.

  The invention also covers, as new product, any article, in particular a dressing, that can be used for the treatment and / or protection of a plant, characterized in that it is obtained by hardening of the curable composition (eg silicone) as defined above.

  Such an article, particularly a dressing, is advantageously self-adhesive especially on plants.

  The invention can find many applications in arboriculture, horticulture, gardening, vine ...

  The examples are given for information only and can not be considered as a limit of the scope and spirit of the invention.

EXAMPLES:

  Example 1: Protective dressing based on RHODORSIL 3000 elastomer.

  1.1 / The crosslinkable aqueous silicone dispersion (ABCDEFGHI) used is the product sold under the name RHODORSIL 3000 by Rhodia Silicone:

-AT-

  1. α, polydimethylsiloxane α, hydroxylated oil with a viscosity of 135,000 mPa.s, 2. polydimethylsiloxane oil blocked with methyl groups with a viscosity of 100 mPa.s,

-B-

  Hydroxylated MDT resin with a viscosity of 1000 mPa.s (containing 0.5% by weight of hydroxyl groups, 62% by weight of trifunctional units, 24% by weight of di-functional units and 14% by weight of mono-functional units),

C-

  77% by weight aqueous solution of aminopropyl amino resin T (OH) sold by WITCO under the name VS 142. -D1. V5639 precolor pigment marketed by Wünsiedel predispersed in an additive (I) dispersant sodium polyacrylate sold by Coatex under the name Coatex P50 or by Protex under the name Prox Al 1 2. Crushed calcium carbonate marketed by OMYA under the name BLR3 and 186, 9 g of precipitation carbonate marketed by Solvay under the name Socal 312, with stirring at 100 rpm.

-E-

  60% weight solution of dioctyltin dilaurate

-F-

  RhodasurfO ROX (85% aqueous solution of a polyethoxylated Q3 aliphatic alcohol containing about 8 oxyethyl units)

- G-

antifungal

- H-

Demineralized Water.

  Characteristics of the aqueous dispersion: dry extract of approx. 80%, pH = 10.5 1.2 / Implementation of the process according to the invention: The aqueous silicone dispersion according to 1.1 / (or RHODORSIL 3000 mastic) is used as it is, without addition of additional ingredient and without dilution.

  A film about 2 mm thick (after drying) is made by spreading the RHODORSIL 3000 putty with a doctor blade 3 mm thick, on a non-stick paper, then let it dry in the conditioned room (at 50% relative humidity and 23 C). The elastomer thus obtained has a hardness of 18 Shore A (measured on 3 stacked pieces of film).

  Example 2: The dispersion 1.1. RHODORSIL 3000 + healing additive (G) (indole acetic acid) Preparation of an aqueous solution of indole acetic acid: in a 60 ml glass flask, 0.6 g of indolacetic acid-3 (powder 1.00353.0010 from Merck), 1.7 g of demineralised water and 3 g of Degussa DS1151 (aqueous silane amino solution). After stirring for a few minutes using a magnetic stirrer, at room temperature, a homogeneous solution is obtained.

  Incorporation in the aqueous dispersion RHODORSIL 3000: in a plastic container: introduction of 60 g of RHODORSIL 3000 then 5.3 g of indole acetic acid solution (growth hormone). The mixture is produced by passing for 20 seconds in a Speedmixer mixer (centrifugal stirrer type DAC 150 FVK from the company HAUSCHILD) at a speed of 1000 rpm.

  The concentration of indole acetic acid in the aqueous dispersion RHODORSIL 3000 is 0.9%. Good compatibility is observed between the binder formed by the aqueous dispersion RHODORSIL 3000 and the additive (G) for healing. The final mixture has the same appearance as the initial RHODORSIL 3000 dispersion (cream smooth and unctuous, without defects or grains), and after 7 days of drying under 2 mm (at 23 C and 50% relative humidity) the same hardness is obtained: 18 Shore A. It has been verified that the wood adhesion properties of the RHODORSIL 3000 aqueous dispersion are not disturbed by the addition of the healing agent.

  Example 3: The dispersion 1.1. aqueous RHODORSIL 3000 + additive (G) biocide (bactericide and fungicide) 3.1 - The aqueous dispersion RHODORSIL 3000 + additive (G) biocide: ECOFILM 15 OTI: In a plastic container introduction of 60 g of aqueous dispersion RHODORSIL 3000 then 0, 66 g of ECOFILM OTI (biocide based on a combination of 3-iodo-2-propynyl-n-butylcarbamate and 2-octyl-2H-isothiazol-3-one, sold by the company PROGIVEN).

  The mixture is made by passing for 20 seconds in a Speedmixer mixer (centrifugal stirrer) at a speed of 1000 rpm.

  The ECOFILM OTI concentration in the RHODORSIL 3000 aqueous dispersion is approximately 1.1%. Good compatibility is observed between the binder formed by the RHODORSIL 3000 aqueous dispersion and the biocide additive (G). The final mixture is slightly granular, but after 7 days of drying under 2 mm (at 23 ° C. and 50% relative humidity) a good uptake of the product is observed and the same hardness is obtained: 18 Shore A. The adhesion properties on wood are not disturbed.

  3.2 - The aqueous dispersion RHODORSIL 3000+ additive (G) biocide: ECOBOIS: In a plastic container introduction of 60 g of the aqueous dispersion RHODORSIL 3000 then 0.9 g of ECOBOIS (biocide and more precisely fungicide based on 3- iodo-2-propynyl-n-butylcarbamate, marketed by the company PROGIVEN).

  The mixture is made by passing for 20 seconds in a Speedmixer mixer (centrifugal stirrer) at a speed of 1000 rpm.

  The ECOBOIS concentration in the RHODORSIL 3000 aqueous dispersion is approximately 1.5%. Good compatibility is observed between the binder formed by the RHODORSIL 3000 aqueous dispersion and the biocidal additive (G). The final mixture has the same appearance as the initial aqueous dispersion RHODORSIL 3000 (cream smooth and unctuous, without defects or grains), and after 7 days of drying under 2 mm (at 23 C and 50% relative humidity) the same hardness is obtained : 18 Shore A. The adhesion properties on wood are not disturbed.

  Example 4: Dispersion application tests 1.1. RHODORSIL 3000 on 20 trees The applications were made on apple, quince, plum, mirabelle plum, pear with the RHODORSIL 3000 aqueous dispersion without dilution with a spatula (or coating knife) and without adding any additives. The dressings with the aqueous dispersion RHODORSIL 3000 appear on the two photographs attached (see Figures 1 and 2) in which the cured silicone dressings are designated by the letter (P).

  The product is easy to apply to wood regardless of substrate moisture and adheres well.

  It allows: É to protect plants with bark removed É to facilitate the healing of cut branches, É to plug cankers (common especially on apple trees), É to plug cavities colonized by insects, larvae. to fill hollow parts (forks, branch departure) likely to accumulate water favoring decay.

  It has been found that these coatings accompany the growth of the tree and come off naturally after 1 to 3 years.

Claims (20)

  1) A method for treating and / or protecting a plant, characterized in that it essentially consists in applying to the plant at least one dressing obtained from a composition-preferably a hardenable composition-either under the effect of drying, either by chemical crosslinking or by drying and chemical crosslinking, in particular at room temperature, as a preventive and / or curative synthetic coating.   2) Process according to claim 1 characterized in that the curable composition 10 comprises at least one aqueous dispersion - preferably polymer - curable by removal of water.   3) Process according to claim 2 characterized in that the dispersion is an aqueous dispersion of silicone oil (s) comprising: -A-100 parts by weight of at least one polyorganosiloxane oil (A) capable of crosslinking by condensation, if necessary in the presence of a crosslinking agent (B), an elastomer; If necessary, from 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of at least one crosslinking agent (B); -C optionally, up to 10 parts by weight of at least one adhesion promoter (C) - preferably a silane-; Optionally, up to 200 parts by dry weight of a filler (D); Optionally, a catalytically effective amount of at least one catalytic curing compound (E) of up to 3 parts by weight; At least one emulsifier (F); Optionally, at least one functional additive (G) for treating and / or protecting the plant; -H- and water.   4) Process according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that, during application to the plant, the curable composition is a paste with a viscosity at 25 C between 1. 103 and 1.107 mPa.s, preferably between 1.104 and 1.106 mPa.s, and still more preferably between 1.2.103 and 5.105 mPa.s.   5) Process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dressing is obtained by directly applying to the plant at least one layer of the curable composition and allowing the layer to harden by drying and polymerization / crosslinking, so as to form a waterproof synthetic coating adhering to the plant.   6) Process according to claim 3, characterized in that the functional additive (G) for treatment and / or protection of the plant is chosen from the group comprising: healing agents, fertilizers, bactericides, pesticides and their pesticides. mixtures.   7) A method according to claim 5, characterized in that it is arranged that the synthetic coating applied to the plant forms a self-adhesive dressing and elastic.   8) Process according to any one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that the oils (A) are α,--hydroxylated oils or functional oils comprising per molecule at least 2 condensable functional groups optionally after hydrolysis.   9) Process according to claim 3 or 8, characterized in that the oils (A) have the generic formula (I) (R3) to R1 (R3) to R3- (a + b) Si 0 -1- Si -0 If R3- (a + b) (R4) b R2 (R4) b in which: - a is 0 or 1, - b is 0 or 1, with a + b = 0; 1 or 2, n is of sufficient value to give the polymer of formula (a) the desired viscosity, the radicals R are identical or different and represent: un an OH group with a + b = 2; An alkoxy or alkenyloxy group containing from 1 to 10 carbon atoms; An aryloxy group containing from 6 to 13 carbon atoms; An acyloxy group containing from 1 to 13 carbon atoms; A cetiminoxy group containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms; An amino- or amido-functional group containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms bonded to silicon via an Si-N bond; the radicals R 1 and R 2 are identical or different and represent alkyl, alkenyl, aliphatic organic groups having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, phenyl aromatics, said groups optionally being substituted by halogen atoms or cyano groups; the radicals R 3 and R 4 are identical or different and represent alkyl, aminoalkyl, polyaminoalkyl, epoxyalkyl or alkenyl organic groups containing from 1 to 13 carbon atoms, aryl aromatics containing from 6 to 13 carbon atoms; at least 2 condensable functional groups optionally after hydrolysis are present per molecule.   10) Process according to claim 9, characterized in that at least 80% of the radicals R1 to R4 representing a methyl group.   11) Process according to claim 3, characterized in that the crosslinking agent (B) is sodium silicate, an alkali metal organosiliconate, a silsesquioxane resin microemulsion, a low molecular weight reactive silicone resin having alkoxy groups and acyloxy, a toluene insoluble high-molecular silicone resin, a hydroxylated silicone resin, an alkoxysilane, an alkylaminosilane, an alkylamidosilane.   12) Process according to Claim 3, characterized in that the adhesion promoter, preferably the silane (C), is chosen from: - those consisting of by-products of synthesis reaction of the oils (A) and having for formula: (R5) c Si (R) 4 -c formula in which: - cest0; 1 or 2, the radicals R 5, which are identical or different, correspond to the radicals R 3 and R 4 of the oil (A) of formula (I), the radical R corresponds to the organic radical R of the polyorganosiloxane oil (A) of formula (I), said silane being present in amounts of the order of 0 to 10 parts by weight per 100 parts of oil (s) (A).   -> and / or those belonging to the subgroup comprising: aminopropyltriethoxysilane, aminopropylmethyldiethoxysilane, glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, optionally in their hydrolysed forms, and mixtures thereof, the promoters belonging to this subgroup being present in amounts up to at 50% by weight of oil (s) (A); and / or those chosen from silanes and / or hydroxylated water-soluble and carrier POSs, per molecule of at least one hydroxyl and at least one hydrophilic anchor-on-support function (Fas), as well as from the mixtures of these products, preferably from hydroxylated linear hydroxylated polydiorganosiloxanes with siloxyl units D and / or MD and / or hydroxylated POS resins comprising siloxyl units T and optionally M and / or D and / or Q or else siloxyl units Q andM and / or D and / or T. 13) Process according to any one of the preceding claims 3 to 12, characterized in that the charge (D) is selected from the group of hydrophilic compounds comprising: CaCO3, SiO2, TiO2, Al2O3 / H2O, (co) polymer (s) ) organic (s) in emulsion and mixtures thereof.   14) Process according to any one of the preceding claims 3 to 13, characterized in that the catalytic hardening compound (E) is a derivative of tin, used in amounts ranging from 0.05 to 1 part. by weight per 100 parts of oil (A).   15) Process according to any one of the preceding claims 3 to 14, characterized in that the aqueous dispersion is chosen such that its silicone phase (ps) consists of: - ((psi) an oil (A) of viscosity at less than 104 mPa.s, - ((ps2) a mixture of oils (A), viscosity mixture of not less than 104 mPa.s, - ((ps3) a mixture of at least one oil (A) and at least one crosslinking agent (B) if it is necessary and / or an adhesion promoter (C) - for example a silane - a viscosity mixture of at least 104 mPa.s, - or ( (ps4) a mixture of at least one oil (A) and a possible catalytic compound (E), optionally in the presence of at least one adhesion promoter (C) - for example a silane -. 16) Process according to claim 3 to 15, characterized in that the aqueous silicone dispersion has: E a solids content of 50 and 95% preferably between 60 and 90, and even more preferably between 75 and 85%, and a pH between 7 and 12, preferably between 8 and 12 and, even more preferably, between 10 and 11.   17) A silicone composition usable for the treatment and / or protection of a plant, which is extensible, curable and comprising at least one aqueous dispersion of silicone oil (s) comprising: -A- 100 parts by weight of at least one polyorganosiloxane oil (A) capable of crosslinking by condensation, if necessary in the presence of a crosslinking agent (B), of an elastomer; If necessary, from 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of at least one crosslinking agent (B); -C optionally, up to 10 parts by weight of at least one adhesion promoter (C) - preferably a silane-; Optionally, up to 200 parts by dry weight of a filler (D); Optionally, a catalytically effective amount of at least one catalytic curing compound (E) of up to 3 parts by weight; At least one emulsifier (F); -G optionally at least one functional additive (G) for treatment and / or protection of the plant; -H- and water.   18) Composition according to claim 16, characterized in that it comprises from 0.01 to 10, preferably from 0.1 to 5% by weight of functional additive (G) chosen from the group comprising: cicatrisation agents , fertilizers, bactericides, pesticides and their mixtures.   19) Article, in particular dressing, which can be used for the treatment and / or protection of a plant, characterized in that it is obtained by curing the composition as defined in claims 1 to 18.   20) Article, particularly dressing, according to claim 19, characterized in that it is self-adhesive especially on plants.