FR2844730A1 - Support for active molecules, e.g. insecticides, insect repellents, microbicides, acaricides, moss killers, medicaments or soil repellents, comprises means for trapping the molecules while maintaining their activity - Google Patents

Abstract

Support (1) for active molecules (2, 2') whose activity is against undesirable organisms or phenomena or in favor of a desired phenomenon comprises means (3) for trapping at least part of the active molecules while maintaining their activity. Independent claims are also included for: (1) ensuring the presence of active molecules in a support as above, comprising preparing a composition comprising the active molecules and a polymerizable and/or crosslinkable substance (6) capable of forming a network with at least one amorphous zone (7), ensuring the presence of the composition on the support, and trapping active molecules in the amorphous zone(s); (2) a composition as above.

Description

The present invention relates, on the one hand, to a support device

  receiving molecules exhibiting an activity, either against organisms or undesirable phenomena, or in favor of a desired phenomenon, on the other hand, in a process consisting in ensuring the presence of these molecules at the level of such a support and, on the other hand, to a composition intended to highlight

  implements this process and / or to be associated with said support.

  The invention relates to the field of treatment of supports and will find its application when it is a question of producing supports 10 which have particular properties, in particular in the context of the protection of this support or of an element receiving such a support.

  support, against undesirable effects.

  There are already known a certain number of support devices exhibiting such properties and calling, in order to ensure the presence of active molecules at their level, to different

types of processes.

  A first method consists in ensuring the attachment of molecules to a support by making a covalent bond between this support and these molecules. This is, for example, the case when it is a question of fixing coloring molecules on a support, in particular cellulosic. Such a process has a certain number of drawbacks, that the creation of a covalent bond, on the one hand, requires the intervention of specific chemicals as well as a substantial supply of energy and, on the other hand above all, causes an irreversible chemical modification of the support as well as of the structure and the activity

  molecules which is not admissible.

  Another method consists in ensuring the attachment of molecules to a support by bonding these molecules using a binder. Such bonding is in fact carried out by polymerization of this binder at high temperature, which has a certain number of drawbacks consisting, on the one hand, of a stiffening of the support and, on the other hand, of a drowning of the molecules. within the

  binding which makes these molecules totally inactive.

  Finally, it is known to fix molecules on a support by providing an ionic bond between this support and these molecules. Again, such a method has a certain number of drawbacks consisting in that, on the one hand, the ionic bond is particularly fragile and in no way makes it possible to firmly fix a molecule on a support and, on the other hand, the 5 production of such a type of bond requires the anionization or the cationization of the support through a heat treatment causing, at least in part, a modification of said support and / or

active molecules.

  The present invention seeks to overcome the drawbacks of the devices and methods of the prior art. To this end, the invention relates to a method consisting in ensuring the presence, at the level of a support, of molecules exhibiting an activity, in particular chemical, bio-chemical or similar, either against organisms or phenomena undesirable, either in favor of a desired phenomenon, characterized in that: - a composition is produced containing, on the one hand, active molecules and, on the other hand, a substance constituted by molecules of polymerizable type and / or crosslinkable capable of forming a network having at least one amorphous zone; - It ensures the presence of this composition at this support; at least part of said active molecules are trapped at at least one amorphous zone defined by the polymerizable and / or crosslinkable molecules contained in the composition present at said support, this while

  now the activity of these trapped active molecules.

  The invention also relates to a support device receiving molecules having an activity, in particular chemical, biochemical or similar, either against organisms or

  undesirable phenomena, either in favor of a desired phenomenon, characterized in that the support audit are associated with means arranged to ensure the trapping, at the level of this support, of at least part of the active molecules while maintaining the activity 35 of the active molecules trapped.

  According to another characteristic of the invention, the trapping means consist of a substance containing molecules of the polymerizable and / or crosslinkable type forming a network having at least one amorphous zone at the level of which at least a portion of the active molecules are trapped . Yet another characteristic consists in that the trapping means are defined at the level of a superposition of several layers, on the one hand, adsorbed on the surface of said support, on the other hand, each consisting of a substance containing 10 polymerizable and / or crosslinkable molecules and, on the other hand, each comprising at least one amorphous zone between which and / or inside which said active molecules are trapped. The invention also relates to a composition intended to implement the method mentioned above and / or intended to be associated with a support with a view to obtaining the support device described above, this composition being characterized by the fact that it contains, on the one hand, active molecules and, on the other hand, a substance constituted by molecules of the polymerizable and / or crosslinkable type capable of forming a network

  having at least one amorphous zone.

  The advantages of the present invention consist in that the active molecules are made integral with the support by means of trapping means, on the one hand, ensuring an effective fixing of these molecules on the support and, on the other hand,

  in no way affecting the activity of these active molecules.

  Another advantage relates to the fact that the implementation of the process for producing a support receiving active molecules

is easy.

  Another advantage of the invention consists in that this method makes it possible to envisage, without destruction or inhibition, the fixing of many different types of molecules exhibiting activity in many fields, this on a large quantity of

diverse and varied nature.

  An additional advantage relates to the fact that the active molecules can be arranged in the form of superimposed layers which can be removed successively (in particular by mechanical or chemical effect such as, for example, by washing, by friction or other of the support) which, d on the one hand, makes it possible to maintain the activity of the support and, on the other hand, authorizes a successive activation of identical or even different molecules (for example

  for a different action) trapped at said support.

  Other objects and advantages of the present invention

  Will appear during the description which follows relating to embodiments which are given only by way of examples 10 which are indicative and not limiting.

  Understanding this description will be facilitated by

  Referring to the appended drawings in which: FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view corresponding to a step in the method according to the invention consisting in ensuring the presence of a composition containing active molecules and polymerizable and / or crosslinkable molecules at the support, this according to a particular embodiment of this invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic view corresponding to a support device according to the invention in which the presence of a composition containing active molecules and polymerizable and / or crosslinkable molecules has been ensured; - Figure 3 is a schematic view of a support device according to the invention having amorphous areas at

  from which active molecules are trapped.

  The present invention relates to the field of treatment of

  supports and will find its application when it is a question of producing supports which have particular properties, for example when it is a question of ensuring the protection of this support or of an element receiving such a support, this to the against 30 undesirable effects.

  In order to confer such properties on a support 1, it is necessary to ensure the presence, at the level of this support 1, of molecules 2, 2 ′ having an activity, in particular chemical, biochemical or similar. According to a first type of support 1, such an activity can be exercised against undesirable organisms (micro-organisms, animals, plants, etc.) or undesirable phenomena (radiation, etc.), or according to another type of support 1, exercise in favor of

  desired phenomena (coloring ...).

  The invention therefore relates to a support device 1 to which

  are associated means 3 arranged to ensure trapping, at the level of this support 1, of at least part 2 of said active molecules 2, 2 ′ present at the level of this support 1. These trapping means 3 are, moreover and despite their trapping function, designed capable of maintaining the activity of said active molecules 2 as the case may be, against undesirable organisms / phenomena or in favor of the desired phenomena.

  According to another characteristic of the invention and as visible in FIG. 3, the support device 1 receives, at its surface 4 and / or in its volume 5, a substance 6 containing molecules of the polymerizable and / or crosslinkable type capable of to form a network having at least one amorphous zone 7 as well as

minus a crystalline zone 8.

  In this regard, it will be observed that it is, more particularly, at the level of such a crystalline zone 8 that a fixing is carried out, on said support 1, of said substance 6, the latter 6 being, in fact, designed able to make said molecules active 2, 2 '

secured to this support 1.

  In fact, some of these active molecules 2 ′ can be trapped, as the case may be, within a crystalline zone 8 or between such a crystalline zone 8 and said support 1 (FIG. 3). Such active molecules 2 ′, due to their imprisonment, are inhibited and lose their activity against undesirable organisms / phenomena or in favor of the desired phenomena However and as visible in FIG. 3, other active molecules 2 are found in at least one amorphous zone 7

  constituting said trapping means 3 of these molecules 2 ensuring the joining of the latter 2 of said support 1 while maintaining their activity, as the case may be, against undesirable organisms / phenomena or in favor of the desired phenomena.

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  It should be observed that substance 4 contains molecules of polymerizable and / or crosslinkable type which, by incomplete polymerization and / or crosslinking, are capable of constituting at least one amorphous zone 7. Also, the amorphous zone 7, at the 5 level from which said active molecules 2 are trapped, is constituted by an incomplete polymerization and / or crosslinking of the polymerizable and / or crosslinkable molecules entering into the composition of substance 6 defining said trapping means 3. In this regard, it will be observed that the realization of such an amorphous zone 7 can be ensured in different ways such as, for example, by subjecting said substance 6 to radiation

  (including UV or other) for a fixed period.

  However and according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, such an amorphous zone 7, at the level of which said active molecules 2 are trapped, consists of a dried portion of the substance 6 containing the polymerizable molecules.

and / or crosslinkable.

  It is, more particularly, through such drying that an incomplete polymerization and / or crosslinking of the polymerizable and / or crosslinkable molecules entering the

composition of this substance 6.

  According to another characteristic of the invention, the trapping means 3 are defined at the level of at least one layer, on the one hand, adsorbed on the surface 4 of said support 1 and, on the other hand, constituted by a substance 6 containing polymerizable and / or crosslinkable molecules. Such a layer comprises at least one amorphous zone 7 behind which and / or inside which are trapped

said active molecules 2.

  According to a first embodiment, said active molecules 2 can be trapped at the rear of such an amorphous zone 7. In such a case, the polymerizable and / or crosslinkable molecules are capable of forming a network having openings whose cross section is less than that of an active molecule 2 so that the latter 2 is trapped by the network, at

7 2844730

  the rear of the latter, while remaining active with respect to the external environment. According to another embodiment, said active molecules 2 can be trapped inside such an amorphous zone 7. In such a case, the polymerizable and / or crosslinkable molecules are capable of forming a network constituted by channels or analog inside which said molecules are trapped

  active 2 while remaining active with respect to the outside environment.

  However and according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, said trapping means 3 are defined at the level of a superposition of several layers, on the one hand, adsorbed on the surface 4 of said support 1, on the other hand, each consisting of a substance 6 containing polymerizable and / or crosslinkable molecules and, furthermore, each comprising at least one amorphous zone 7 between which and / or inside which said active molecules are trapped 2. Such layers preferably adopt a structure of the aforementioned type (network

with openings or channels).

  In this regard, it will be observed that a preferred embodiment of the invention consists in that the amorphous zones 7 of several

  superimposed layers are themselves superimposed.

  It will be noted that an amorphous zone 7 has a greater brittleness than a crystalline zone 8. Also and through an appropriate treatment, it is possible to remove part of a layer of corresponding substance 6 to an amorphous zone 7 of this layer. Such an embodiment advantageously makes it possible to remove from the support l active molecules 2 trapped by an upper layer and having lost their activity in order to bring the active molecules 2 trapped by a lower layer close to the surface having not had little or no activity. It should be noted that an appropriate treatment may consist of a mechanical and / or chemical treatment. By way of example, such a treatment may consist of friction, abrasion, washing of said support 1, this under conditions

  (especially temperature).

  According to another characteristic of the invention, the amorphous zone (s) 7 and / or the active molecules 2 (trapped by such an amorphous zone 7) may be liable to undergo a deformation allowing such an active molecule 2 to pass through or 5 to extract itself from a layer of substance 6 in order to be released into the external environment. In this regard, it was observed that the deformation of an active molecule 2 can, for example, be caused by an insect or the like (for example a mosquito) coming into contact with such a molecule 2. The deformation of such a molecule 2 and / or an amorphous zone 10 may also result from voluntary contact with a

  element external to the support 1, in particular contact with the skin (for example for active molecules of the drug type with transcutaneous diffusion) or contact by friction, buffering or the like, this in the context of a treatment intended to ensure, 15 voluntarily, a release of such active molecules 2.

  With regard to the molecules 2, 2 ′ exhibiting activity,

  as the case may be, against the undesirable organisms / phenomena or in favor of the desired phenomena, these 2, 2 ′ may be in an emulsifiable, dispersible or soluble form in a solvent, in particular water.

  According to a first category, such active molecules 2 exhibit activity against insects (crawling, flying or otherwise) and can be of the insecticide, insect repellant or similar type. By way of nonlimiting example, it is possible to use insect repellent molecules such as permethrin, deltamethrine or the like. It is also possible to use insecticidal and repellant molecules such as, for example,

bifenthrin or ethophen prox.

  Another category of active molecules 2 consists of those having activity against bacteria, microbes (molecule of the isothiazolinone type or the like), mites

  (molecule of the triclosan type or the like) or the like.

  Yet another category relates to active molecules 2

  showing activity against plants, in particular 35 mosses.

  It is a category of active molecules 2 have a

  activity in the prophylaxis or curative treatment of a disease.

  It is, still, active molecules 2 have an activity against the fixing of staining products on the support 1 which receives them. Another category concerns that of active molecules 2 which exhibit activity against radiation, in particular Ultraviolets.

  Finally, it is also possible to envisage active molecules 10 2 exhibiting a coloring activity of the support 1.

  With regard to the support 1 intended to receive

  active molecules 2, 2 ′, this 1 can be of different types.

  Also and according to a first embodiment, this support 1 can be constituted, at least in part, by a textile material. Such a material may be of the knitted, woven, non-woven or other type and may consist of natural, artificial or synthetic fibers and / or filaments such as, for example, polyester, viscose, cotton, wool, polyamide, silk, or

  a mixture of different fibers and / or filaments.

  A particular embodiment consists in that the support is a clothing element (a shirt, a sweater, a

pants, jacket or other).

  In this regard, it will be observed that an application of the invention may consist in ensuring the presence, at the level of such a clothing element, of molecules exhibiting activity against insects (for example mosquitoes), bacteria, microbes, mites (e.g. ticks), stains or

still radiation.

  Such a clothing element can also receive molecules 30 designed capable of coloring the support 1 or having an activity in the prophylaxis or curative treatment of a disease to which can

  to be subject the wearer of this garment.

  According to another application, molecules 2 exhibiting activity against insects (for example mosquitoes), bacteria, microbes, mites (for example ticks), staining products or radiation can, furthermore, be associated with a support 1 defined by a fabric in the form of a sheer (more particularly a mosquito net, curtains, double

curtains or other).

  Molecules 2 exhibiting such activities as well as molecules exhibiting activity, either against plants (in particular mosses or the like), or in favor of coloring, can be combined with a support 1 consisting of a constituent element of a building, such as, for example, a wall, a closing device (in particular a door, a window, a shutter or the like), a blind, a roof, a balcony, a terrace, pavers or,

  still, a coating attached to such a constituent element.

  The applications mentioned above are in fact in no way limiting and, according to a substantial advantage of the invention, it can be envisaged to associate, with any support 1, made of any material (wood, concrete, fabric , metal, leather, ceramic ...), any kind of active molecules 2 or any kind of mixture of active molecules 2 (of similar, identical, different, complementary activity) depending on the

  types of activities that we want to give to this support 1.

  As regards the molecules used in the composition of substance 4, these can be of the polymerizable and / or crosslinkable type. In this regard and by way of nonlimiting example, it can be cited as polymerizable molecule, an acrylic derivative, styrene butadiene, polyurethane, vinyl acetate, urethane or the like. As for the crosslinkable molecules, these can, so

  non-limiting, be constituted by resins of the melamine formaldehyde, methylol-urea, dimethyloldihydroxyethylene urea, formalin urea or other type.

  It is obvious that substance 4 can contain any of these molecules, or even a mixture of several of

these molecules.

  In this connection, it should be noted that this substance 4 can also contain at least one catalyst consisting, for example, of an acid catalyst such as acetic acid, acid.

  formic or other or a mixture of such acids.

  The present invention also relates to a method consisting in ensuring the presence, at the level of a support 1, of molecules 2, 2 ′ 5 having an activity, in particular chemical, bio-chemical or similar, of the type mentioned above, this either against undesirable organisms or phenomena, or in favor of a

desired phenomenon.

  The implementation of this method makes it possible, in particular, to produce the support device 1 as described above.

  In fact, this process consists in that: - a composition 9 is produced containing, on the one hand, active molecules 2, 2 ′ and, on the other hand, a substance 4 constituted by molecules of polymerizable type and / or crosslinkable 15 capable of forming a network having at least one amorphous zone 7; - It ensures the presence of this composition 9 at said support 1; - Ensuring that at least part of said active molecules 2 are trapped at at least one amorphous zone 7 defined by the polymerizable and / or crosslinkable molecules contained in composition 9 present at said support 1, this all in

  now the activity of these molecules 2.

  In this regard, it will be observed that composition 9, containing the active molecules 2, 2 ′ as well as the polymerizable and / or crosslinkable molecules, is usually produced in the presence of a solvent

which can be, for example, water.

  According to a first embodiment, the polymerizable and / or crosslinkable molecules may require the presence of a catalyst to polymerize and / or crosslink as is, for example, the case for polymerizable and / or crosslinkable molecules

at high temperature.

  Also and when a composition 9 is produced containing a substance 4 consisting of polymerizable and / or crosslinkable molecules at high temperature, a catalyst is added to this

composition 9.

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  However and according to another embodiment, the composition

  9 may contain a substance 4 consisting of molecules capable of polymerizing and / or of crosslinking in the absence of catalyst, more particularly, by self-polymerization or self-crosslinking.

  According to another characteristic of the invention, the

  presence of this composition 9 at the level of said support 1.

  Also and according to a first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, this support 1 can be immersed in a bath 10 containing such a composition 9, such a bath 10 being, for example, produced in a tank, in particular of a washing machine. Such an embodiment can be envisaged in the case of a support 1 adopting the form of a

fabric or the like.

  According to another embodiment, this composition 9 is sprayed on said support 1, this by means of a sprayer taking, for example, the shape of at least one nozzle. Such an embodiment can, for example, be envisaged in the context of a support l adopting the form of a

roof, awning or the like.

  Yet another embodiment consists in applying such a composition 9 to said support 1, this by means of a brush or a roller. This can be so when this support 1 takes the form of a terrace, a wall or the like. In such a case, it is usually necessary to ensure a thickening of the composition 9 by adding to the latter 9 a thickener, as the case may be, of synthetic type (such as for example an acrylate or other) or natural (such as for example a

sodium alginate or other).

  It is obvious that, according to a first embodiment of the invention, it is possible to ensure the presence of said

  composition 9 at the level of the support i by carrying out a single immersion, a single spraying or a single application.

  However and according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is preferable to repeat such immersion / spraying / application. Such an embodiment makes it possible, in particular to deposit a plurality of superposed layers of

  composition 9 or substance 6 on the support 1.

  As mentioned above, the active molecules 2 are trapped in at least one amorphous zone 7 of the substance 6 that 5 contains said composition 9. In fact, such trapping is ensured by carrying out a polymerization and / or incomplete crosslinking of the polymerizable and / or crosslinkable molecules contained in this

composition 9.

  In this regard, it will be observed that this trapping of the active molecules 10 2 in an amorphous zone 7 can be carried out by drying said composition 9 at a temperature significantly below the polymerization and / or crosslinking temperature of the polymerizable molecules and / or crosslinkable contained in the composition. In fact, through such drying, an incomplete polymerization and / or crosslinking of these molecules is ensured, leaving room for an unstructured network having zones

  amorphous 7 o active molecules 2 are trapped.

  It is also through such incomplete polymerization / crosslinking and / or drying of said molecules that the substance 6 is fixed (and by

  therefore active molecules 2, 2 ') on said support 1.

  According to another characteristic of the invention, drying is

  ensured at a low temperature in comparison with the polymerization and / or crosslinking temperature of the molecules contained in substance 6.

  In fact, such a drying of the composition 9 takes place at a temperature below 70C, preferably below 50C, this, preferably, in the open air, in an oven or the like.

  In this connection, it should be observed that, in the case of immersion of the support 1 in a bath 10, it is possible, before

  proceed with drying, ensuring a wringing of said support 1.

  The present invention also relates to a composition

  chemical 9 intended to implement the method described above and / or intended to be associated with a support 1 with a view to obtaining the support device 1 mentioned above.

14 2844730

  Such a composition 9 then contains, on the one hand, active molecules 2, 2 ′ and, on the other hand, a substance 4 constituted by molecules of the polymerizable and / or crosslinkable type capable of forming a network having at least one amorphous zone 7. There is also given an example of such a composition 9 - 50 to 100 grams per liter of an aqueous solution of a polymer of acrylic derivative; - 10 grams per liter of an aqueous solution of melamine 10 formalin resin; - 40 grams per liter of a solution of permethrin emulsion at%; - optionally a catalyst in the form of a solution at 10

  grams per liter of 80% acetic acid.

  Although the invention has been described with reference to a particular embodiment, it is understood that it is in no way limited thereto and that it is possible to make various modifications to the forms, materials and combinations of these. various elements, without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. 20

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Claims (16)

  1) Support device (1) receiving molecules (2, 2 ') 5 having an activity, in particular chemical, bio-chemical or analogous, either against organisms or undesirable phenomena, or in favor of a desired phenomenon, characterized in that the support (1) is associated with means (3) arranged to ensure the trapping, at the level of this support (1), of at least part 10 (2) of the active molecules ( 2, 2 ') while holding   the activity of the trapped active molecules (2).   2) Support device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the trapping means (3) consist of a substance (6) containing molecules of the polymerizable and / or crosslinkable type forming a network having at least an amorphous zone (7) at the level of which at least part   (2) active molecules (2, 2 ') are trapped.   3) support device (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the amorphous zone (7) at the level of which are trapped said active molecules (2) consists of a polymerization and / or an incomplete crosslinking of the molecules polymerizable and / or crosslinkable entering into the composition of the substance (6) defining the trapping means (3). 4) Support device (1) according to any one of   Claims 2 or 3, characterized in that the amorphous zone (7) at the level of which said active molecules (2) are trapped consists of a dried portion of the substance (6)   containing the polymerizable and / or crosslinkable molecules.   5) Support device (1) according to any one of   previous claims, characterized in that the trapping means (3) are defined at at least one layer, on the one hand, adsorbed on the surface (4) of said support (1), on the other hand, constituted by a substance (6) containing polymerizable and / or crosslinkable molecules and, on the other hand,   comprising at least one amorphous zone (7) at the rear of which 16 2844730   and / or inside which said molecules are trapped active (2).   6) Support device (1) according to any one of   previous claims, characterized in that the trapping means (3) are defined at the level of a superposition of   several layers, on the one hand, adsorbed on the surface (4) of said support (1), on the other hand, each consisting of a substance (6) containing polymerizable and / or crosslinkable molecules and, on the other hand again, each comprising at least one amorphous zone 10 (7) between which and / or inside which are trapped said active molecules (2).   7) Support device (1) according to any one of   previous claims, characterized in that the active molecules (2, 2 ') have activity against insects and are of the insecticide, insect repellant or similar type.   8) Support device (1) according to any one of   Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the active molecules (2, 2 ') have activity against bacteria,   microbes, mites or the like.   9) Support device (1) according to any one of   Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the active molecules (2, 2 ') have activity against plants, especially foams.   ) Support device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the molecules   active (2, 2 ') show activity in the treatment   prophylaxis or curative of a disease.   11) Support device (1) according to any one of   Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the active molecules (2, 2 ') have activity against binding   of staining products on said support (1).   12) Support device (1) according to any one of   Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the active molecules (2, 2 ') exhibit activity against radiation, in particular ultraviolet radiation. 17 2844730   13) Support device (1) according to any one of   Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the active molecules (2, 2 ') have a coloring activity on this support   (1). 14) Support device (1) according to any one of   previous claims, characterized in that the support (1) consists, at least in part, of a textile material,   in particular a clothing item, a mosquito net or the like.   ) Support device (1) according to any one of Claims 10 to 13, characterized in that the support (1)   consists of a component of a building, in particular a wall, a closing device, a roof, a balcony, a terrace,   or, again, a coating attached to such a constituent element.   16) Method consisting in ensuring the presence, at the level of a support (1), of molecules (2, 2 ′) exhibiting an activity, in particular chemical, bio-chemical or analogous, either against organisms or undesirable phenomena, either in favor of a desired phenomenon, characterized in that: - a composition (9) is produced containing, on the one hand, 20 active molecules (2, 2 ') and, on the other hand, a substance (6) consisting of molecules of the polymerizable and / or crosslinkable type capable of forming a network having at least one amorphous zone (7); - the presence of this composition (9) is ensured at the level of this support (1); at least part of said active molecules (2, 2 ') are trapped at at least one amorphous zone (7) defined by the polymerizable and / or crosslinkable molecules contained in the composition ( 9) present at said support 30 (1), this while maintaining the activity of these active molecules (2) trapped. 17) Method according to claim 16, characterized in that, when a composition (9) is produced containing a substance (6) consisting of polymerizable and / or crosslinkable molecules at high temperature, a catalyst is added at this composition (9).   18) Method according to any one of claims 16 or   17, characterized in that the presence of the composition (9) is ensured at the level of the support (1), as the case may be, by immersing this support (1) in a bath (10) containing such a composition ( 9), by spraying or applying such composition (9) on the support (1).   19) Method according to any one of claims 16 to   18, characterized in that the active molecules (2) are trapped in an amorphous zone (7) by carrying out incomplete polymerization and / or crosslinking of the polymerizable and / or crosslinkable molecules contained in the composition ( 9) present at the support (1).   ) Method according to any one of claims 16 to   19, characterized in that the active molecules (2) are trapped in an amorphous zone (7) by drying the said composition (9) at a temperature significantly below the polymerization temperature and / or of crosslinking of the polymerizable and / or crosslinkable molecules contained in the   composition (9) present at the support (1).   21) Method according to claim 20, characterized in that the drying of the composition (9) takes place at a temperature below 70 ° C, preferably below 50C, this of   preferably in the open air, in an oven or the like.   22) Composition (9) intended to implement the method according to claims 16 to 21 and / or intended to be associated with a   support (1) for obtaining the support device (1) according to any one of claims 2 to 15, characterized in that it contains, on the one hand, active molecules (2, 2 ' ) and, on the other hand, a substance (6) constituted by molecules of the polymerizable and / or crosslinkable type capable of forming a network   having at least one amorphous zone (7).