FR2840063A1 - Cooling/crystallizing, for food products, comprises use of liquid nitrogen in heat exchanger with cooling fluid - Google Patents

Cooling/crystallizing, for food products, comprises use of liquid nitrogen in heat exchanger with cooling fluid Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2840063A1
FR2840063A1 FR0206360A FR0206360A FR2840063A1 FR 2840063 A1 FR2840063 A1 FR 2840063A1 FR 0206360 A FR0206360 A FR 0206360A FR 0206360 A FR0206360 A FR 0206360A FR 2840063 A1 FR2840063 A1 FR 2840063A1
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Prior art keywords
fluid
temperature
product
exchanger
liquid
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FR0206360A
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French (fr)
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FR2840063B1 (en
Inventor
Pierre Kowalewski
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Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
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Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
    • A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
    • A23B7/02—Dehydrating; Subsequent reconstitution
    • A23B7/024—Freeze-drying, i.e. cryodessication or lyophilisation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
    • A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
    • A23B7/04—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling
    • A23B7/0408—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling the material being transported through or in the apparatus with or without shaping, e.g. in the form of powder, granules or flakes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
    • A23G9/00—Frozen sweets, e.g. ice confectionery, ice-cream; Mixtures therefor
    • A23G9/04—Production of frozen sweets, e.g. ice-cream
    • A23G9/14—Continuous production
    • A23G9/16—Continuous production the products being within a cooled chamber, e.g. drum
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
    • A23G9/00—Frozen sweets, e.g. ice confectionery, ice-cream; Mixtures therefor
    • A23G9/04—Production of frozen sweets, e.g. ice-cream
    • A23G9/14—Continuous production
    • A23G9/18—Continuous production the products being on the outer wall of a cooled body, e.g. drum or endless band
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
    • A23L3/36—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
    • A23L3/36—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling
    • A23L3/361—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling the materials being transported through or in the apparatus, with or without shaping, e.g. in form of powder, granules, or flakes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
    • A23L3/40—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by drying or kilning; Subsequent reconstitution
    • A23L3/44—Freeze-drying
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
    • F25C1/00—Producing ice
    • F25C1/12—Producing ice by freezing water on cooled surfaces, e.g. to form slabs
    • F25C1/14—Producing ice by freezing water on cooled surfaces, e.g. to form slabs to form thin sheets which are removed by scraping or wedging, e.g. in the form of flakes
    • F25C1/142—Producing ice by freezing water on cooled surfaces, e.g. to form slabs to form thin sheets which are removed by scraping or wedging, e.g. in the form of flakes from the outer walls of cooled bodies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D29/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25D29/001—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for cryogenic fluid systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
    • F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F5/00—Elements specially adapted for movement
    • F28F5/02—Rotary drums or rollers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D3/00—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies
    • F25D3/10—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies using liquefied gases, e.g. liquid air
    • F25D3/11—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies using liquefied gases, e.g. liquid air with conveyors carrying articles to be cooled through the cooling space

Abstract

The process, in which a product (1) is cooled or crystallized by thermal exchange through a wall (4) with a fluid (2) that has a balanced vapor phase, uses a cold source in the form of liquid nitrogen circulating in a heat exchanger (3) in contact with the fluid. The liquid/vapor balance of the fluid is regulated with the aid of a temperature probe (5), a flow controller (7) such as a solenoid or proportional valve, and the temperature of the liquid nitrogen as measured by a second probe (6). The surface of the wall in contact with the cooled product is cleared from time to time by a scraper.

Description

L'invention concerne un procede et une installation de refroidissementThe invention relates to a cooling method and installation.

eVou de cristallisation de produits, notamment alimentaires ou encore chimique  eVou crystallization of products, especially food or chemical

utilisant un systeme de caloduc refroidi a l'azote liquide et a surface raclee.  using a liquid nitrogen cooled scraped surface heat pipe system.

On conna^t dans cette industrie du refroidissement de nombreux procedes de refroidissement ou cristallisation, parmi ceux-ci on conna^'t les  Numerous cooling or crystallization processes are known in this cooling industry, among these are known

systemes dits de tambours a surface raclee refroidis par froid mecanique.  scraped surface drum systems cooled by mechanical cold.

La surface interieure du tambour est ainsi raclee (par exemple par un couteau) ceci afin de brasser la matiere, augmenter les coefficients de transfert et eviter les phenomenes de croGtage de la surface interne du tambour. Un tel raclage permet egalement dans certains applications d'obtenir le taux de  The internal surface of the drum is thus scraped (for example by a knife) this in order to stir the material, increase the transfer coefficients and avoid the phenomena of crusting of the internal surface of the drum. Such scraping also makes it possible in certain applications to obtain the rate of

cristallisation desire (c'est le cas pour les cremes glacees).  desired crystallization (this is the case for ice cream).

Neanmoins ces systemes a froid mecanique ne vent pas sans presenter des insuffisances techniques et economiques parmi lesquelles on peut signaler: - une fenetre de procede relativement etroite et done une assez falble flexibilite (notamment une gamme de temperature etroite); - la complexite de ['installation (et notamment les difficultes d'entretien)  Nevertheless these mechanical cold systems are not without presenting technical and economic shortcomings among which we can point out: - a relatively narrow process window and therefore a fairly low flexibility (in particular a narrow temperature range); - the complexity of the installation (and in particular the maintenance difficulties)

dues a la presence du groupe frigo.due to the presence of the fridge group.

Un des objectifs de la presente invention est alors de proposer une installation offrant: - la possibilite de travailler sur une gamme de temperature plus etendue avec une puissance frigorifique sensiblement constante; - une flexibilite amelioree, et notamment une fenetre de procede etendue; - une structure simplifiee (si possible mono-bloc) permettant peu ou  One of the objectives of the present invention is then to propose an installation offering: - the possibility of working over a more extended temperature range with a substantially constant cooling power; - improved flexibility, and in particular an extended process window; - a simplified structure (if possible mono-block) allowing little or

meme pas d'entretien.not even maintenance.

A cet effet, I'invention a pour objet un procede de refroidissement et/ou  To this end, the invention relates to a method of cooling and / or

cristallisation d'un produit, utilisant un systeme de type << caloduc >'.  crystallization of a product, using a “heat pipe” type system.

On rappellera que le principe du caloduc est de comporter une enceinte hermetique qui renferme un fluide en equilibre avec sa phase vapeur (par exemple un freon), le transfert de chaleur (ou de frigories en ['occurrence) s'effectue en utilisant le changement de phase du fluide pour transporter la  It will be recalled that the principle of the heat pipe is to include an airtight enclosure which contains a fluid in equilibrium with its vapor phase (for example a freon), the transfer of heat (or of frigories in this case) is carried out using the change phase of the fluid to transport the

chaleur d'une source chaude a une source froide.  heat from a hot source to a cold source.

Selon ['invention done, le produit est refroidi/cristallise par echange thermique au travers d'une paroi avec un fluide qui est en equilibre avec sa phase vapeur, le fluide situe de l'autre cote de la paroi absorbent en se vaporisant les calories du produit a refroidir ou cristalliser, et les vapeurs du fluide se recondensant par echange avec une source de froid en cedant des calories, ladite source de froid etant de l'azote liquide circulant dans un  According to the invention, therefore, the product is cooled / crystallized by heat exchange through a wall with a fluid which is in equilibrium with its vapor phase, the fluid situated on the other side of the wall absorb the calories by vaporizing. of the product to be cooled or crystallized, and the vapors of the fluid recondensing by exchange with a source of cold while yielding calories, said source of cold being liquid nitrogen circulating in a

echangeur en contact avec ledit fluide.  exchanger in contact with said fluid.

A titre illustratif, selon une des geometries possibles selon ['invention, le produit a refroidir (par exemple une puree) passe typiquement a l'interieur d'un tambour dont la surface est refroidie par l'exterieur par echange avec le fluide situe de l'autre cote de la paroi, qui absorbe -en se vaporisant- les calories du produit a refroidir ou cristalliser, les vapeurs du fluide se condensant par echange avec l'echangeur en cedant des calories et ainsi de suite Le procede selon ['invention pourra par ailleurs adopter l'une ou plusieurs des caracteristiques techniques suivantes: - on regule en temperature et pression l'equilibre liquide/vapeur audit fluide par la mise en couvre des mesures suivantes: i) on dispose d'une sonde de temperature apte a mesurer la temperature de la phase liquide du fluide; et j) on dispose d'un organe de controle de debit apte a asservir le debit d'azote liquide injecte dans l'echangeur pour maintenir l'equilibre liquide/vapeur du fluide a la temperature desiree en fonction du resultat de mesure de  By way of illustration, according to one of the possible geometries according to the invention, the product to be cooled (for example a puree) typically passes inside a drum whose surface is cooled from the outside by exchange with the fluid located the other side of the wall, which absorbs - by vaporizing - the calories of the product to be cooled or crystallized, the vapors of the fluid condensing by exchange with the exchanger, yielding calories and so on The process according to the invention may also adopt one or more of the following technical characteristics: - the liquid / vapor equilibrium is regulated in temperature and pressure by applying the following measures: i) there is a temperature probe capable of measure the temperature of the liquid phase of the fluid; and j) there is a flow control member capable of controlling the flow of liquid nitrogen injected into the exchanger to maintain the liquid / vapor balance of the fluid at the desired temperature as a function of the measurement result of

temperature fourni par ladite sonde.  temperature supplied by said probe.

- le dit organe de controle est une electrovanne ou une vanne proportionnelle. - ladite regulation utilise egalement une valeur de temperature de l'azote gazeux froid en sortie d'echangeur telle que fournie par une sonde  - the said control member is a solenoid valve or a proportional valve. - Said regulation also uses a temperature value of the cold nitrogen gas leaving the exchanger as supplied by a probe

add ition nel le.add ition nel le.

- on met en ceuvre des moyens pour racier a intervalles plus ou moins  - means are used to breed at more or less intervals

- reguliers la surface de ladite paroi qui est en contact avec le produit.  - regular the surface of said wall which is in contact with the product.

L'invention concerne egalement une installation de refroidissement eVou cristallisation d' u n p rodu it, utilisant u n systeme de type << calod u c >' ou le produit est refroidi/cristallise par echange thermique au travers d'une paroi avec un fluide qui est en equilibre avec sa phase vapeur, le fluide situe de l'autre cote de la paroi absorbent en se vaporisant les calories du produit a refroidir ou cristalliser, et les vapeurs du fluide se recondensant par echange avec une source de froid (3) en cedant des calories, ladite source de froid etant de 1'azote  The invention also relates to a cooling installation or crystallization of a rod rod it, using a “calod uc” type system where the product is cooled / crystallized by heat exchange through a wall with a fluid which is in balanced with its vapor phase, the fluid located on the other side of the wall absorbs the vapors of the product to be cooled or crystallized by vaporizing, and the vapors of the fluid are recondensed by exchange with a cold source (3) by yielding calories, said cold source being nitrogen

liquide circulant dans un echangeur en contact avec ledit fluide.  liquid circulating in an exchanger in contact with said fluid.

L'installation selon ['invention pourra par ailleurs adopter l'une ou plusieurs des caracteristiques techniques suivantes: - elle comprend une sonde de temperature apte a mesurer la temperature de la phase liquide du fluide, ainsi qu'un organe de controle de debit apte a asservir le debit d'azote liquide injecte dans l'echangeur pour maintenir I'equilibre liquide/vapeur du fluide a la temperature desiree en fonction du resultat  The installation according to the invention may also adopt one or more of the following technical characteristics: - it includes a temperature probe capable of measuring the temperature of the liquid phase of the fluid, as well as a flow control member capable to control the flow of liquid nitrogen injected into the exchanger to maintain the liquid / vapor balance of the fluid at the desired temperature depending on the result

de mesure de temperature fourni par iadite sonde.  temperature measurement provided by said probe.

- le dit organe de controle est une electrovanne ou une vanne proportionnelle. - elle comprend egalement une sonde additionnelle apte a fournir une  - the said control member is a solenoid valve or a proportional valve. - it also includes an additional probe capable of providing a

valeur de temperature de 1'azote gazeux froid en sortie d'echangeur.  temperature value of the cold nitrogen gas leaving the exchanger.

- elle comprend egalement des moyens pour racier a intervalles plus  - It also includes means for racier at intervals more

ou moins reguliers la surface de la parol en contact avec le produit.  or less regular the surface of the floor in contact with the product.

Comme on ['aura compris, I'invention repose sur l'utilisation d'azote liquide comme source de froid pour permettre la recondensation du fluide frigorifique. Par rapport aux systemes a froid mecanique, le procede selon ['invention permet de travailler sur une gamme de temperature plus large avec une puissance frigorifique sensiblement constante, avec une grande flexibilite  As will be understood, the invention is based on the use of liquid nitrogen as a cold source to allow the recondensation of the refrigerating fluid. Compared to mechanical cold systems, the method according to the invention allows to work over a wider temperature range with a substantially constant cooling capacity, with great flexibility.

(large fenetre de procede).(large process window).

L'invention sera mieux comprise a la lecture de la description qui suit,  The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows,

faisant reference aux figures annexees suivantes: - la figure 1 qui montre, vue en coupe transversale, un premier exemple d'installation conforme a ['invention (caloduc en position horizontale); - la figure 2 qui montre, vue en coupe transversale, un deuxieme  Referring to the following appended figures: - Figure 1 which shows, in cross-section, a first example of installation in accordance with the invention (heat pipe in horizontal position); - Figure 2 which shows, in cross section, a second

exemple d'installation conforme a ['invention (caloduc en position verticale).  example of installation in accordance with the invention (heat pipe in vertical position).

- la figure 3 qui illustre un mode particulier de mise en ceuvre de ['invention utilisant une geometric ou le produit a refroidir est en contact avec la surface exterieure d'un cylindre, a l'interieur duquel se trouve le systeme  - Figure 3 which illustrates a particular mode of implementation of the invention using a geometric where the product to be cooled is in contact with the outer surface of a cylinder, inside which is the system

d'echangeur a azote liquide.liquid nitrogen exchanger.

. On reconna^t sur la figure 1 un tambour 30 a 1'interieur duquel circule le produit 1 a refroidir (par exemple une sauce), qui entre dans le tambour par ['entree 8 et en ressort par la sortie 9, en etant en contact le long de son parcours  . We recognize in FIG. 1 a drum 30 inside which circulates the product 1 to be cooled (for example a sauce), which enters the drum by the inlet 8 and leaves it by the outlet 9, being in contact along its route

avec la paroi d'echange 4.with the exchange wall 4.

Conformement au principe du caloduc, le tambour est entoure de fluide 2 (par exemple un freon) en equilibre LiquideNapeur. Le fluide 2 situe ainsi de l'autre cote de la paroi absorbe en se vaporisant les calories du produit 1 a refroidir ou cristalliser, et les vapeurs du fluide ainsi produites se re-condensent, en cedant des calories, sur les parois de l'echangeur 3 dans lequel circule de  In accordance with the principle of the heat pipe, the drum is surrounded by fluid 2 (for example a freon) in liquid-vapor equilibrium. The fluid 2 thus located on the other side of the wall absorbs by vaporizing the calories of the product 1 to be cooled or crystallized, and the vapors of the fluid thus produced re-condense, by yielding calories, on the walls of the exchanger 3 in which circulates

I'azote liquide.Liquid nitrogen.

On note sur la figure la presence de moyens de controle et regulation de l'equilibre liquide/vapeur du fluide a une temperature desiree: - une sonde de temperature 5 apte a mesurer la temperature de la phase liquide du fluide 2; et - un organe de controle de debit 7 (ici une electrovanne) apte a asservir le debit d'azote liquide injecte dans l'echangeur 3 pour maintenir l'equilibre liquide/vapeur du fluide a la temperature desiree en fonction du resultat de mesure de temperature fourni par la sonde 5; - une sonde additionnelle 6, apte a fournir une valeur de temperature de 1'azote gazeux froid obtenu en sortie d'echangeur et permettant de reguler la temperature dans l'echangeur 3 de maniere plus precise et homogene en evitant notamment les risques de sous-refroidissement de l'echangeur et done de  The figure shows the presence of means for controlling and regulating the liquid / vapor balance of the fluid at a desired temperature: - a temperature probe 5 capable of measuring the temperature of the liquid phase of the fluid 2; and - a flow control member 7 (here a solenoid valve) capable of controlling the flow of liquid nitrogen injected into the exchanger 3 to maintain the liquid / vapor balance of the fluid at the desired temperature depending on the measurement result of temperature supplied by probe 5; - an additional probe 6, capable of providing a temperature value of the cold nitrogen gas obtained at the outlet of the exchanger and making it possible to regulate the temperature in the exchanger 3 in a more precise and homogeneous manner, in particular avoiding the risks of under- exchanger cooling and therefore

cristallisation du fluide frigorifique.  crystallization of the refrigerant.

On reconna^'t sur la figure 2 les elements deja decrits dans le cadre de  We recognize ^ 't in Figure 2 the elements already described in the context of

la figure 1 avec cette fois une configuration verticale du caloduc.  Figure 1 with this time a vertical configuration of the heat pipe.

Dans un cas comme dans l'autre on n'a pas represente- pour ne pas charger inutilement les figures- le systeme de couteaux de raclage, interieurs au tambour, permettant de racier regulierement la surface interne 4 ceci afin d'eviter les phenomenes de croGtage de la surface interne du tambour, mais aussi de brasser la matiere, et ainsi globalement d'augmenter les coefficients de transfert  In one case as in the other, the system of scraping knives, inside the drum, has not been represented - so as not to unnecessarily load the figures -, allowing the internal surface 4 to be regularly scraped off in order to avoid the phenomena of crusting of the internal surface of the drum, but also of mixing the material, and thus overall of increasing the transfer coefficients

dans le systeme (couteaux connus par ailleurs de l'homme du metier).  in the system (knives otherwise known to those skilled in the art).

La figure 3 illustre quant a elle un mode particulier de mise en ceuvre de ['invention utilisant une geometric que l'on peut qualifier d"< inverse >', ou le produit a refroidir 1 est situe a 1'exterieur du tambour 30, en etant done en contact @ ac la sudaco ex1drieurG da co cyllndrs (A 111re liius1ra11f la cyllndro plonge dans un baln du pdu#, ou enco la produR es1 puldsd sur la sudace sx14heura du cyOndra - las daux soluDons 61an1 raprdsan1das sur la Dgurat A ln1Arieur du cyDndra SG 1rouve Ia phase quida du fulda 2 da rafroidsaman1 alosl qua la sys1Ama 6changaur azota liqulda 3. Un sys1AmG da couteau 10 perma1 da gm11ar la sudaca axiAhaum du cyOndra du produb quf s'y as1 rafroldl ou cristalllsd.  FIG. 3 illustrates for its part a particular mode of implementation of the invention using a geometric which one can qualify as "reverse", where the product to be cooled 1 is situated outside the drum 30, by being therefore in contact @ at the sudaco ex1drieurG da co cyllndrs (A 111re liius1ra11f la cyllndro plunges in a baln of pdu #, or still the product es1 puldsd on sudace sx14heura of cyOndra - las daux soluDons 61an1 raprdsan1das on Dgur of cyDndra SG 1 finds the phase quida of fulda 2 of rafroidsaman1 alosl qua sys1Ama 6changaur azota liqulda 3. A sys1AmG of knife 10 perma1 da gm11ar sudaca axiAhaum of cyOndra of produb quf there as1 rafroldl or crystalllsd.

Claims (10)

REVENDICATIONS 1. Procede de refroidissement et/ou cristallisation d'un produit (1), utilisant un systeme de type << caloduc >, selon lequel le produit est refroidilcristallise par echange thermique au travers d'une paroi (4) avec un fluide (2) qui est en equilibre avec sa phase vapeur, le fluide situe de 1'autre cote de la paroi absorbent en se vaporisant les calories du produit a refroidir ou cristalliser, et les vapeurs du fluide se recondensant par echange avec une source de froid (3) en cedant des calories, ladite source de froid etant de 1'azote liquide circulant  1. Method for cooling and / or crystallizing a product (1), using a “heat pipe” type system, according to which the product is cooled crystallized by heat exchange through a wall (4) with a fluid (2 ) which is in equilibrium with its vapor phase, the fluid located on the other side of the wall absorb by vaporizing the calories of the product to cool or crystallize, and the vapors of the fluid being recondensed by exchange with a cold source (3 ) by yielding calories, said cold source being circulating liquid nitrogen dans un echangeur (3) en contact avec ledit fluide.  in an exchanger (3) in contact with said fluid. 2. Procede selon la revendication 1, caracterise en ce que 1'on regule en temperature et pression l'equilibre liquide/vapeur audit fluide par la mise en couvre des mesures suivantes: - on dispose d'une sonde (5) de temperature apte a mesurer la temperature de la phase liquide du fluide; on dispose d'un organe (7) de contr61e de debit apte a asservir le debit d'azote liquide injecte dans l'echangeur (3) pour maintenir 1'equilibre liquidelvapeur du fluide a la temperature desiree en fonction du resultat de  2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that one regulates in temperature and pressure the liquid / vapor equilibrium to said fluid by setting the following measures: - there is a suitable temperature probe (5) measuring the temperature of the liquid phase of the fluid; there is a flow control member (7) capable of controlling the flow of liquid nitrogen injected into the exchanger (3) to maintain the liquid-vapor balance at the desired temperature depending on the result of mesure de temperature fourni par ladite sonde.  temperature measurement provided by said probe. 3. Procede selon la revendication 2, caracterise en ce que le dit organe  3. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that said member de controle est une electrovanne ou une vanne proportionnelle.  control valve is a solenoid valve or a proportional valve. 4. Procede selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caracterise en ce que ladite regulation utilise egalement une valeur de temperature de l'azote gazeux froid  4. Method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that said regulation also uses a temperature value of cold nitrogen gas obtenu en sortie d'echangeur telle que fournie par une sonde additionnelle (6).  obtained at the exchanger outlet as supplied by an additional probe (6). 5. Procede selon l'une des revendications 1 a 4, caracterise en ce que  5. Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that l'on met en couvre des moyens pour racier a intervalles plus ou moins reguliers la  we cover means to breed at more or less regular intervals the surface de ladite paroi qui est en contact avec le produit.  surface of said wall which is in contact with the product. 6. Installation de refroidissement et/ou cristallisation d'un produit (1), utilisant un systeme de type << caloduc '> ou le produit est refroidilcristallise par echange thermique au travers d'une paroi (4) avec un fluide (2) qui est en equilibre avec sa phase vapeur, le fluide situe de l'autre cote de la paroi absorbent en se vaporisant les calories du produit a refroidir ou cristalliser, et les vapeurs du fluide se recondensant par echange avec une source de froid (3) en cedant des calories, ladite source de froid etant de l'azote liquide circulant dans  6. Installation for cooling and / or crystallizing a product (1), using a “heat pipe” type system where the product is cooled by crystallization by heat exchange through a wall (4) with a fluid (2) which is in equilibrium with its vapor phase, the fluid located on the other side of the wall absorb by vaporizing the calories of the product to cool or crystallize, and the vapors of the fluid being recondensed by exchange with a source of cold (3) by yielding calories, said cold source being liquid nitrogen circulating in un echangeur (3) en contact avec ledit fluide.  an exchanger (3) in contact with said fluid. 7. Installation selon la revendication 6, caracterisee en ce qu'elle comprend: S - une sonde (5) de temperature apte a mesurer la temperature de la phase liquide du fluide; - un organe (7) de contrdle de debit apte a asservir le debit d'azote liquide injecte dans l'echangeur (3) pour maintenir l'equilibre liquide/vapeur du fluide a la temperature desiree en fonction du resultat de mesure de temperature  7. Installation according to claim 6, characterized in that it comprises: S - a temperature probe (5) capable of measuring the temperature of the liquid phase of the fluid; - a flow control member (7) capable of controlling the flow of liquid nitrogen injected into the exchanger (3) to maintain the liquid / vapor balance of the fluid at the desired temperature as a function of the temperature measurement result fourni par ladite sonde.supplied by said probe. 8. Installation selon la revendication 7, caracterisee en ce que le dit  8. Installation according to claim 7, characterized in that said organe de contrOle est une electrovanne ou une vanne proportionnelle.  control unit is a solenoid valve or a proportional valve. 9. Installation selon la revendication 6 ou 7, caracterisee en ce qu'elle comprend egalement une sonde additionnelle (6) apte a fournir une valeur de  9. Installation according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that it also comprises an additional probe (6) capable of providing a value of temperature de l'azote gazeux froid en sortie d'echangeur.  temperature of the cold nitrogen gas leaving the exchanger. 10. Installation selon l'une des revendications 6 a 9, caracterisee en ce  10. Installation according to one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that qu'elle comprend egalement des moyens pour racier a intervalles plus ou moins  that it also includes means for racier at more or less intervals reguliers la surface de la paroi en contact avec le produit.  the surface of the wall in contact with the product.
FR0206360A 2002-05-24 2002-05-24 METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR COOLING OR CRYSTALLIZING PRODUCTS USING A NITROGEN-BASED LIQUID NITROGEN CALODUCUM Expired - Fee Related FR2840063B1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100462652C (en) * 2006-10-18 2009-02-18 北京航空航天大学 Ice crystal granule gas generation device
EP3170400A1 (en) * 2015-11-18 2017-05-24 Azotech S.r.l. Apparatus for instant making of frozen foods, such as ice creams or the like
CN110250552A (en) * 2019-07-26 2019-09-20 漯河市邦兴机械有限公司 A kind of process equipment that quick-frozen food shapes on shaping mould

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US3765189A (en) * 1972-02-17 1973-10-16 Air Liquide Method and apparatus for deep-freezing
FR2539051A1 (en) * 1983-01-11 1984-07-13 Ensiaa Heat treatment device with scraped surface incorporating a double wall
US4569204A (en) * 1985-03-11 1986-02-11 Aga, A.B. Method and apparatus for simultaneously cooling and conveying a food substance
FR2583149A1 (en) * 1985-06-11 1986-12-12 Air Liquide COOLING TUNNEL
EP0292123A2 (en) * 1987-05-09 1988-11-23 Sasakura Engineering Co. Ltd. Cooling roller for a coooling machine
US6305189B1 (en) * 1999-09-27 2001-10-23 Crytec, Ltd. Method and installation for continuous crystallization of liquids by freezing

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR520305A (en) * 1919-06-14 1921-06-23 Hans Jorgen Jensen Bigum Further training in rotary refrigeration machines
US3765189A (en) * 1972-02-17 1973-10-16 Air Liquide Method and apparatus for deep-freezing
FR2539051A1 (en) * 1983-01-11 1984-07-13 Ensiaa Heat treatment device with scraped surface incorporating a double wall
US4569204A (en) * 1985-03-11 1986-02-11 Aga, A.B. Method and apparatus for simultaneously cooling and conveying a food substance
FR2583149A1 (en) * 1985-06-11 1986-12-12 Air Liquide COOLING TUNNEL
EP0292123A2 (en) * 1987-05-09 1988-11-23 Sasakura Engineering Co. Ltd. Cooling roller for a coooling machine
US6305189B1 (en) * 1999-09-27 2001-10-23 Crytec, Ltd. Method and installation for continuous crystallization of liquids by freezing

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100462652C (en) * 2006-10-18 2009-02-18 北京航空航天大学 Ice crystal granule gas generation device
EP3170400A1 (en) * 2015-11-18 2017-05-24 Azotech S.r.l. Apparatus for instant making of frozen foods, such as ice creams or the like
CN110250552A (en) * 2019-07-26 2019-09-20 漯河市邦兴机械有限公司 A kind of process equipment that quick-frozen food shapes on shaping mould

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