FR2836947A1 - Door hinge comprises two half bodies with fixings to door frame and leaf, first body having articulation yokes with retaining housings for articulation pin and second body having intermediate yoke with translational housing for pin - Google Patents

Abstract

The door hinge comprises a first half body (2) having fixings (5,6) for one of the two door elements, the frame or leaf, and two articulation yokes (7) each having retaining housings (8) for an articulation pin (9). A second half body (3) has fixings for the other door element and an intermediate yoke (18), inserted between the articulation yokes, having a housing (19) for translation of the pin.

Description

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 The invention relates to the technical field of hinges used for the articulation of doors, intended to close buildings or rooms inside buildings.

 In a preferred but not exclusive application, the invention relates to the technical field of hinges used for the articulation of back and forth doors, controlling the access of buildings or rooms subject to rigorous standards of hygiene or decontamination.

 In this preferred field of application, it is necessary to regularly carry out decontamination operations using disinfectant solutions, most often corrosive. Thus, the door hinges must be capable of withstanding the aggressions of decontamination agents.

 In order to meet this requirement, it is known to use hinges made of plastic material, such as for example a plastic material sold under the name Delrin. Such a hinge then comprises two fixing half-bodies on the frame and on a leaf of the door. The two half-bodies are articulated with each other and incorporate a return spring.

 Such hinges, according to the prior art, generally give satisfaction, in their function of articulation of a door and of reminder of the latter, in the closed position. However, it appeared that the hinges, according to the prior art, offer many places of retention for cleaning liquids as well as for contaminating agents. It therefore appears necessary to have a new hinge, on which the places of detention are reduced to a minimum or minimized.

 In order to achieve this objective, the invention relates to a hinge back and forth for the articulation of a leaf on a door frame, hinge of the type comprising: - a first half-body which comprises means for fixing to the one of the elements, hinged or dormant, of the door, and at least two articulation yokes distant from each other, each comprising a housing for retaining an articulation axis and an external bearing, the generators of which are substantially parallel to the articulation axis, for guiding the opening of a second half-body,

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 - Said second half-body which comprises means for fixing on the other element, swinging or dormant, of the door which comprises, at least, an intermediate yoke interposed between the hinge yokes and provided with a translational housing the hinge pin and, which has on either side of the intermediate yoke, a bearing surface on the guide surface of the corresponding hinge yoke, - said hinge axis which is integral with a return mast extending perpendicular to the axis of articulation in a housing arranged in the intermediate yoke and which has, opposite the articulation axis, a head resting on an interposed return spring between the support head and the second half-body.

 According to the invention, this hinge is characterized in that the intermediate yoke has a complementary volume, apart from the functional clearances, of the volume separating the two articulation yokes between which the intermediate yoke is interposed.

 This advantageous arrangement of the invention makes it possible to occupy as much as possible the volume separating the two articulation yokes in order to avoid the accumulation of various polluting agents therein.

 According to another characteristic of the invention, the guide surfaces each comprise three flat bearing faces which define two extreme opening positions and an intermediate position for closing the hinge. In order to further reduce the retention spaces, the two external faces of the intermediate yoke are flush, in the closed position, with the corresponding faces of the articulation yokes.

 Furthermore, it appeared that the hinges, according to the prior art, are particularly sensitive to wear phenomena, and that, under certain conditions of use, they require a relatively large effort to open them.

 In order to provide a solution to these drawbacks, according to another characteristic of the invention, the intermediate yoke has an outer guide and / or support surface for the first half-body, a surface whose generatrices are substantially parallel to the 'axis of articulation.

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 In order to promote the stabilization of the hinge in its different positions, the external bearing surface of the intermediate yoke has at least two bearing and holding faces of the hinge in each of its open positions.

 In order to reduce, as much as possible, the risks of disinfectant solution flowing between the two half-bodies during the decontamination of the hinge and the door using it, the second half-body has at least two lateral cheeks each ensuring the covering of an adjacent joint screed.

 In the same direction, in order to reduce, as much as possible, the free spaces capable of forming places of accumulation of contaminating agents, according to a preferred characteristic of embodiment of the invention, each joint clevis adjacent to a cheek covering, has a complementary volume, apart from the functional clearances, of the volume separating the covering cheek and the corresponding intermediate yoke.

 In order to contribute to the stability of the hinge, in its different positions, according to another characteristic of the invention, preferred but not strictly necessary, each covering cheek defines a bearing and / or guiding surface for the first half body, bearing whose generatrices are substantially parallel to the axis of articulation.

 Still in the direction of a reduction in the cavities capable of creating places of accumulation of contaminating agents, according to another characteristic of the invention, in the open position of the hinge, the return mast and the hinge pin substantially close the translation and passage housing arranged in the intermediate yoke.

 According to another characteristic of the invention, in order to ensure perfect functioning of the hinge and to reduce the number of constituent elements of the latter, the return mast maintains and guides the return spring. To this end, and preferably but not strictly necessary, the return mast has an outside diameter substantially equal, apart from the operating clearances, to the inside diameter of the return spring.

 According to another characteristic of the invention, the hinge comprises means for adjusting the pre-stress of the return spring. This characteristic

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 advantageous, but not strictly necessary of the invention, makes it possible to adjust the conditions for closing the hinge.

 The adjustment means can be produced in any suitable manner and according to a preferred embodiment, the pre-stress adjustment means are constituted by the support head mounted on a thread arranged at one end of the return mast located at the 'opposite the hinge axis.

 According to the invention, the various constituent elements of the hinge can be made of any material and preferably of plastic material having a low coefficient of friction.

 According to a characteristic of the invention, the various constituent elements of the hinge and in particular the two half-bodies are made of polyethylene or polypropylene.

 According to another characteristic of the invention, the various constituent elements of the hinge, with the exception of the spring, are made of self-lubricating plastic.

 Various other characteristics of the invention emerge from the description below made with reference to the accompanying drawings which illustrate a non-limiting example of embodiment of a hinge according to the invention.

 Fig. 1 is an elevation of a hinge back and forth according to the invention.

 Fig. 2 is a top view of the hinge according to FIG. 1.

 Fig. 3 is an exploded view of the hinge according to FIG. 1.

 Figs. 4 and 5 are two top views of two half-bodies constituting the hinge according to the invention.

 A hinge according to the invention, as illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 and designated, as a whole by the reference 1, comprises two half-bodies 2 and 3 each intended to be adapted or fixed to one or the other of the two elements not shown, standing and beating constituting a door .

 According to the example illustrated, the first half-body 2 comprises, as fixing means, a plate 5 for fixing on a door frame. As shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the plate 5 comprises four passage bores 6 for fixing screws in the frame. The first half-body 2 also comprises at least two and, according to the example illustrated, exactly two distant articulation yokes 7

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 one from the other. Each yoke 7 includes a retaining housing 8 of a hinge pin 9 as will appear later.

 It should be noted that the housings 8 are open opposite one another. Furthermore, in order to allow the mounting of the hinge, the two housings 8 are open towards the rear of the half-body 2 at the level of the plate 5 and open into a mounting bore 10 which includes the openings of the two retaining housings 8.

 As shown in fig. 4, each articulation yoke 7 of the first half-body 2 defines an external bearing surface 11 for supporting and / or guiding the opening of the second half-body 3. It should be noted that the two bearing surfaces 11 have generatrices substantially parallel to the hinge pin 9 of hinge 1.

 The second half-body 2 comprises, as fixing means, two lateral wings 15 which extend parallel to one another and at a distance to define a space 16 for fitting a leaf. The wings 15 then each comprise four bores 17 for the passage of fixing screws not shown in the leaf, also not shown. It should be noted that the two wings 15 give the second hinge half-body 3, a U-shaped cross-section, as shown in FIG. 5.

 In order to allow its cooperation with the first half-body, the second half-body 3 comprises at least one and according to the example illustrated, exactly an intermediate yoke 18 which is intended to come to be interposed between the hinge yokes 7.

 According to the example illustrated, the second half-body 3 has only one intermediate yoke 18. However, insofar as the first half-body would comprise more than two and, for example n articulation yokes 7, the second half -body 3 would then include n-1 intermediate yokes 18, each intended to be inserted between two articulation yokes 7.

 The intermediate yoke 18 is provided with a housing 19 for translating the hinge pin as will appear later.

 On either side of the intermediate yoke 18, the second half-body 3 comprises a bearing surface 20 intended to cooperate with the bearing surface 11 of the corresponding hinge yoke 7.

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 The hinge 1, according to the invention finally comprises the articulation axis 9 which is integral with a return mast 26 which extends perpendicular to the articulation axis 9.

 The hinge thus formed is assembled in the following manner.

 The two half-bodies 2 and 3 are nested one inside the other as illustrated in FIG. 1, the intermediate yoke 18 coming to be inserted between the two articulation yokes 7. It should be noted that according to an essential characteristic of the invention, the intermediate yoke 18 has a volume substantially equal, apart from the functional clearances, to the volume 27 separating the two articulation yokes 7. This advantageous arrangement of the invention makes it possible to leave, as far as possible, no dead volume of accumulation of waste between the two half-bodies 2 and 3.

 In order to facilitate the runoff of decontamination water on the hinge 1, according to the example illustrated and in accordance with a preferred but not strictly necessary characteristic of the invention, the lateral faces of the two half-bodies are substantially flush, so as to be substantially located in two corresponding planes Pl, P2, as shown in fig. 2.

 The assembly of the hinge 1 continues by engaging the articulation axis in the corresponding housings 8, articulation yokes 7, the return mast 26 being engaged in the housing 19 of the intermediate yoke 18 so as to pass through the second half-body 3 extending opposite the first half-body 2, as shown more particularly in FIGS. 1 and 2.

 The assembly of the hinge is completed by engaging a return spring 30 on the return mast 26. It should be noted that the return mas 26 provides a function of guiding and holding the return spring 30. For this purpose, the return mas 26 has an outside diameter substantially equal to the clearance close to the internal diameter of the return helical spring 30. Preferably but not strictly necessary, the difference between the internal diameter of the spring 30 and the external diameter of the return mas 36 is then less than 1 mm.

 Finally, a support head 31 is fitted onto a thread 32 of the mast 3 so as to pre-constrain the spring 30 between the support head and the corresponding half-body and the second half-body 3.

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 The implementation of the adapted support head on a thread of the return mast then makes it possible to adjust the preload. Finally, a cover 33 is placed in the housing 10 in order to close it.

 The hinge thus assembled can then oscillate between two open positions 01 and 02, illustrated in dashed lines in FIG. 2, passing through a closed intermediate position F, illustrated in solid lines in this same fig. 2. The bearing surfaces 10 of the articulation yokes 7 then define three support faces FI, F2, F3 substantially planar for the second half-body 3. Each face, substantially parallel to the articulation axis corresponds to a stable position of the hinge. Thus, the faces FI, F2 define the two extreme opening positions 01, O2 while the face F3 defines the intermediate closing position F. According to the example illustrated, the faces Flet F 2 are parallel and the face Fs is perpendicular Flet F 2 faces.

However, other configurations could be adapted.

 In accordance with a preferred characteristic of the invention, the intermediate yoke 18 also defines a bearing surface 35 on an intermediate surface 36 of the first half-body 2, located between the two articulation yokes 7. As for the spans 11, the generatrices of the bearing surface 35 are substantially parallel to the hinge axis 9.

 The existence of the bearing surface 35 then makes it possible to distribute the opening and friction stresses during the relative movements of the two half-bodies 2,3. thus authorizing a reduction in the wear of the hinge 1 and the efforts to be provided for its operation. Preferably, the bearing surface 35 defines at least two bearing faces for the first half-body 3 in the open position of the hinge.

 It should be noted that, given the hyperstatic nature of the different spans 11.35 and bearing surfaces 20.36, it is possible that the spans and the corresponding bearing surfaces are not always in contact with each other in all hinge positions 1.

 According to the example illustrated, the second half-body comprises, in addition to the intermediate yoke 18, two ears 40 intended to come cover, at least partially, the corresponding hinge yoke 7, in particular with a view to reducing the risks of flow between the two half-bodies 2,3, in particular during decontamination operations.

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 Preferably, in order to offer the least possible retention zones, each articulation yoke 7 then has a volume complementary to the volume 41 defined by the intermediate yoke 18 and the corresponding ear 40.

 In order to increase the stability of the hinge in the open position, the ears 40 define, preferably but not strictly necessary, two bearing surfaces 42 of the second half-body 3 on the first half-body 2 in position open 01, 02 of hinge 1.

 According to the invention, the hinge can be made of any suitable material and preferably, of polyethylene.

 Furthermore, according to the example illustrated, the means for adjusting the prestressing of the closing return spring consist of the head 31 screwed onto the return mast 26. However, according to the invention the means of prestressing the return spring could be done in any suitable way.

 According to another embodiment not shown, the return means are constituted by a screw inserted in the mast whose head is oriented towards the first half-body and whose thread engages a support key on the spring. This arrangement then makes it possible to ensure an adjustment of the preload of the spring when the hinge is in the open position and without it being necessary to dismantle the half-body 3 from its support.

Claims (12)

1-Hinge comes and goes for the articulation of a leaf on a door frame, hinge of the type comprising: - a first half-body (2) which comprises means (5,6) for fixing on one of the two door elements, standing or swinging, and at least two articulation yokes (7) distant from each other, each comprising a housing (8) for retaining an articulation axis (9) and a outer bearing surface (11) whose generatrices are substantially parallel to the articulation axis (9), for supporting and guiding the opening of a second half-body (3), - said second half-body (3 ) which comprises means (15,17) for fixing on the other of the two elements of the door, standing or swinging, which comprises, at least, an intermediate yoke (18) interposed between the hinge yokes (7) and provided with a housing (19) for translating the articulation axis (9) and which has, on either side of the intermediate yoke (18), a surface (20) bearing on the bearing surface of gu idage (11) of the corresponding articulation yoke (7), - said articulation axis (9) which is integral with a return mast (26) extending perpendicular to the articulation axis (9) in a housing (19) arranged in the intermediate yoke (18) and which has, opposite the articulation axis (9), a support head (31) on a return spring (30), interposed between the support head and the second half-body, Characterized in that the intermediate yoke (18) has a complementary volume, apart from the functional clearances, of the volume (27) separating the two articulation yokes (7) between which the intermediate yoke (18) is interposed.  2-Hinge according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide surfaces (11) each comprise, at least, three flat bearing faces (Fi, F2, F3) which define two extreme opening positions (Oi, 02 ) and an intermediate closed position (F) of the hinge, and in that in the closed position, the two outer faces of the intermediate yoke are flush with the corresponding faces of the articulation yokes. <Desc / Clms Page number 10>  3-Hinge, according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the intermediate yoke (18) has an outer bearing (35) for guiding and / or support for the first half-body (3), bearing including the generatrices are substantially parallel to the hinge axis (9).  4-Hinge, according to claim 3, characterized in that the outer surface of the intermediate yoke (18) has, at least, two faces for supporting and holding the hinge, in each of its open positions.  5-Hinge, according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the second half-body (3) has two lateral cheeks (40) each ensuring the recovery of an articulation yoke (7) adjacent.  6-Hinge, according to claim 5, characterized in that each articulation yoke (7), adjacent to a covering cheek (40), has a complementary volume, apart from the functional clearances, of the volume (41) separating the cheek cover (40) and the corresponding intermediate yoke (18).  7-Hinge, according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that each covering cheek (40) defines a bearing surface and / or guide for the first half-body (2), the scope of which the generatrices are substantially parallel to the axis of articulation.  8-Hinge, according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that in the open position of the hinge, the return mast (26) and the hinge pin (9) substantially obstruct the housing (19) of translation and passage arranged in the intermediate yoke (18).  9-Hinge, according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the return mast (26) maintains and guides the return spring (30).  10-Hinge, according to claim 9, characterized in that the return mast (26) has an outer diameter substantially equal, apart from the operating clearances, to the inner diameter of the return spring (30).  11-Hinge, according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that it comprises means (31,32) for adjusting the preload of the return spring (30). <Desc / Clms Page number 11>  12-Hinge according to claim 11, characterized in that the means for adjusting the prestressing consist of the support head (31) of the return mast (26), mounted on a thread (32) of the return mast .