FR2827716A1 - Management of an electricity supply network feeding consumer(s), in which controller operates a consumer switch as a function of measured electricity consumption - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention concerns a method for managing an electrical distribution network (1) comprising a user branch connection supply (4), a switch (7) arranged in series on the branch connection (4), a switch control (6) with a modem (24) connected to the branch connection, at least a communication station (12, 15) with a modem (32, 33, 43) connected to the network. The method consists in sending data between the communication station and the control, in the form of modulated signals passing through the branch connection, reading by the communication station or by the control of the transmitted data. The invention also concerns an electrical distribution network, a control unit and a distribution network kit. The invention enables in particular remote meter reading and the use of prepaid cards.

Description

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DISTRIBUTION NETWORK MANAGEMENT DEVICE AND METHOD
The invention relates to the distribution of electricity on a network, and more particularly to a device for managing and controlling such a network.

Electricity is conducted on low-voltage distribution networks to branches or connections on which individual counters are placed in control panels. In general, a circuit breaker with a power rating is installed downstream of the meter on this control panel. The user's electrical circuit is arranged downstream of the distribution panel itself connected to the downstream terminal of the circuit breaker. The meter is preferably placed outside buildings to facilitate the reading of consumption indexes.

 While to facilitate customer control of the circuit breaker, this equipment is installed inside the home.

 This type of network has drawbacks. On the one hand, it does not make it possible to cut or initiate the supply of a user without the intervention of an operator on the fuses accompanying the circuit breaker or even on the customer's circuit breaker.

Measuring the consumer's consumption, or modifying an electrical power rating also requires the movement of an operator. This type of network also does not allow the consumption of the user to be limited to a predetermined quantity or even to a power lower than that of the rating of the circuit breaker. The current control panels do not allow the user to indicate the source or the type of supply from which he wishes to benefit. Current networks also do not make it possible to easily and remotely check user fraud, in particular the short-circuiting of the personal meter, or to check the characteristics or the quality of supply of the user network.

 Schlumberger's free-energy meter integrates pre-payment functions in a single block using an electronic chip holder.

 This counter has drawbacks. Indeed, it is made of a block and requires substantial intervention during its installation or possibly its removal. The meter must be installed inside the home; it can therefore no longer be read simultaneously with other meters, it does not support all tariff options or three-phase connections, it is not scalable and its nature of electrical equipment upstream of the circuit breaker is a factor d anxiety for the client during handling.

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 There is therefore a need for a device which overcomes one or more of these drawbacks. The invention thus relates to a method for managing an electricity distribution network, the electrical network comprising a user supply branch, a command having a modem connected to the branch, at least one communication station having a modem connected to the network, the method comprising steps of sending information between the communication station and the control, in the form of modulated signals crossing the branch, of reading by the communication station or by the control of the information sent.

 According to a variant, the network further comprises a counter for measuring the electricity consumption of the bypass, connected to the switch control, the method further comprising a step of reading by controlling the consumption measured by the counter. .

 According to another variant, the network further comprises a switch placed in series on the bypass, the method further comprising a step of opening the switch by the command as a function of the consumption measured.

 According to another variant, information is sent from the command to the communication station during a sending step.

 According to yet another variant, information sent includes the consumption measurement.

 Provision can be made for information to be sent from the communication station to the control during a sending step.

 Alternatively, information sent includes a request to open or close the switch, the method further comprising a step of opening or closing the switch by the command.

 According to another variant, the command also comprises a variable caliber function for limiting the power of the bypass, information sent comprising a request to modify the caliber from the communication station to the command, the method further comprising a step of modification of the size by command.

 According to yet another variant, the network further comprises a memory memorizing a credit or a debit, means for reading / writing from the memory, in communication with the communication station, information sent from the command to the communication station during a sending step comprises the consumption read, the method further comprising a step of modifying the credit or the debit as a function of the consumption read.

 According to yet another variant, the method further comprises a step of comparing the stored credit or debit with a predetermined threshold,

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 information sent from the communication station to the control includes a request to open the switch, the method further comprising a step of opening the switch by the control.

 Provision may also be made for the derivation to include a user circuit downstream of the meter, a communication station is placed on the user circuit.

 According to a variant, the network includes a supply circuit for several branches, a communication station is placed on the supply circuit.

 According to yet another variant, the network comprises a second communication station placed upstream of the first station at the outlet of a transformer, the method comprising a step of sending information between the communication stations with a different modulation frequency by report to the shipment between the first communication station and the order.

 According to another variant, the control also has a sensor for measuring the voltage of the bypass, the method further comprising steps of comparing the voltage measured by the sensor with the voltage measured by the meter, opening the 'switch by command when the voltage difference crosses a predetermined threshold.

 According to yet another variant, the method further comprises steps of detecting a sending in progress on a part of the network, prior to a sending, of prohibiting sending if a sending is detected.

 The invention also relates to an electricity distribution network comprising a user supply branch, a switch control having a modem connected to the branch, at least one communication station having a modem connected to the network.

 According to a variant, the modems are frequency modulation modems, using a modulation frequency between 70 and 95 kHz.

 According to another variant, the network further comprises a counter for measuring the electricity consumption of the bypass.

 According to yet another variant, the network comprises a user circuit downstream of the counter and in that the communication station is placed on the user circuit.

 According to yet another variant, the control comprises a voltage sensor of the shunt and a comparator comparing the measurement of the sensor with the measurement of the counter.

 It can also be provided that the control is connected to the branch downstream of the meter.

 According to a variant, the control also has a variable rating for limiting the power of the bypass.

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 According to another variant, the network further comprises a memory storing a credit or a debit, means for reading / writing the memory in communication with the communication station.

According to another variant, the network comprises a supply circuit for several branches, and a communication station placed on the supply circuit
According to yet another variant, the network comprises a second communication station placed upstream of the first station at the outlet of a transformer, the modulation between the first and second communication stations differing from the modulation between the first communication station and the ordered.

It can also be provided that the modems of the first and second communication stations are frequency modulation modems, using a modulation frequency between 50 and 70 kHz
Alternatively, the network further includes a terminal communicating with the communication station and having a magnetic card reader, a smart card reader, a screen, or a keyboard.

 According to another variant, the control, the terminal, or the communication station have a battery supply.

 The network preferably includes a switch placed in series on the branch.

 The network preferably has a supply voltage for the bypass of 110V, 220V, 230V or 340V.

 The invention also relates to an electrical distribution network switch control, comprising a modem capable of being connected to the network and an interface for connection to an electric meter.

 The invention also relates to a kit for an electricity distribution network, comprising a switch, a switch control, comprising a modem capable of being connected to a branch of a network, a communication station, comprising a modem capable of being connected to a network branch and communicating with the control modem.

 According to a variant, the kit also comprises a terminal capable of communicating with the communication station and having a magnetic card reader, a smart card reader, a screen, or a keyboard.

 According to another variant, the control also has an interface capable of being connected to an electricity consumption meter.

 According to yet another variant, the control also has a variable electric power limitation rating.

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 Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the following description of embodiments of the invention, given by way of example and with reference to the appended drawings which show: - Figure 1, a schematic view a local electrical distribution network according to an embodiment of the invention; Figure 2, a detailed view of the structure of a switch control; Figure 3, a detailed view of the structure of an upstream communication station; Figure 4, a detailed view of the structure of a user communication station.

 The invention provides an electricity distribution network having a user power bypass. A bypass switch presents a command including a modem. The command communicates via the bypass with a communication station placed upstream or downstream of the command.

 FIG. 1 schematically represents a local electrical distribution network 1. This network 1 comprises for example a transformer 2 for transforming a high voltage MV applied to the primary into a LV voltage of three-phase sector in the secondary. A branch branch 3 is supplied by the secondary voltage. Individual user branches 4 are connected to branch branch 3 to take, for example, a single-phase voltage. An electric meter 5 has an input connected to the individual user branch 4. The output of the electric meter connects to a user connection line 9.

 A power switch 7 is placed in series on the user connection line 9. This switch 7 is actuated in opening and closing by a command 6. This command 6 is connected to the meter 5 by a very low voltage electrical connection. 8. The connection line 9 connects to a circuit breaker housing 10 for protecting a distribution panel, not shown, of the user. In addition to the connection to the downstream terminals of the circuit breaker 10, the distribution panel may include, in a manner known per se, fuses, differential circuit breakers or current limiting ratings. The output of the circuit breaker box feeds the user's electrical circuit 11. A user communication station 12 is connected to the user's electrical circuit 11, for example at an electrical outlet. An identification or payment terminal 13 is connected to the communication station 12. A smart card 14 containing an electric power credit is inserted in the terminal 13.

 FIG. 2 represents a more detailed view of an embodiment of a command 6. In this example, the command comprises a processor 21, a

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 modem 22, a power supply module 23 and a demodulator 24. The switch 6 is placed in series on a portion 9 of the user branch. The command 6 actuates the switch by any suitable means for opening or closing. The actuation can be managed by the processor 21. A pin of the processor can for example be connected directly to the switch.

 Modem 22 is connected to the processor. It is used to send and receive information by carrier current on the bypass. This information is sent to one or more communication stations which will be described later. The modem is connected to the bypass through electrical connections 25 and 26. The modem may also have an electrical connection to the bypass on both the upstream and downstream sides of the switch, so that it can communicate in the two directions even when switch 7 is open.

 One can for example use a frequency, amplitude or phase modulation to transmit on the branch. The modem preferably uses frequency modulation. The modulation frequency range is preferably between 70 and 95 kHz. This area is assigned by the IEC and CEN standards to the electricity distributor and is to this day little polluted by electrical disturbances. This type of modulation without exploitation of synchronization on the mains frequency (50 Hz or 60 Hz) makes it possible to communicate in the absence of mains voltage. The transmission levels are in accordance with the IEC standards in force and can be reduced in the absence of mains voltage because in the latter case the noise generated by the electrical equipment is non-existent.

 The information sent or received by the modem 22 can of course be coded to avoid fraudulent manipulation. Coding and decoding algorithms can be included in a memory of the control.

 The command 6 also includes an interface for communication with the counter 5. This interface can include a demodulator, connected to an electrical link 27 to the counter 5. Any other appropriate type of interface or connection can also be used. We can for example use two pins of a standard connector such as RJ45 for the output interface. The control can read indexes of consumption or powers called up via its connection with the meter. This information can be sent over the branch through the modem.

 A standard electric meter 5 can be used. This type of meter generally measures the electrical power consumed and stores one or more corresponding electrical consumption indexes. A Ferraris type pulse counter or a static electronic counter can be used. In the latter case, an 11-42 type link can be used, allowing the

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reprogramming of the counter by a supplier terminal. Preferably a static electric meter with a digital output interface is used
The power supply module 23 can be connected in parallel on the bypass. This power supply module allows the control components to operate. The module 23 can be selectively connected upstream or downstream of the meter, so that its own consumption can be billed or not to the user. The control also preferably has a non-volatile memory for storing different parameters measured or read even in the absence of power.

 Provision may also be made for the command to read other types of measurement, such as for example the instantaneous or average cos (p, the power called instantly or on average, a user identification number. These measurements can be carried out by the meter and be read by the command. The command can also include its own measurement means. These measurements can be sent to a communication station downstream of the meter or to a communication station upstream of the meter. can also be read by an operator connecting to a suitable interface optionally provided on the control The control can also include a programming of the processor prohibiting the communication of certain measurements to a downstream communication station.

 You can also integrate a variable caliber function into the control.

Such a command makes it possible to modify the subscribed power remotely, or even to limit it temporarily, without moving an operator. One can for example modify the caliber to limit the power used by the user in the event of default of payment. You can also change the size according to the wishes of a user. The control can also open the switch when the subscribed power exceeds the power of the rating. The control can thus replace the calibration function usually integrated in the user's circuit breaker box. It is possible to modify a pre-existing installation to modify or delete the rating of the circuit breaker box. The calibration function according to the subscribed power is then ensured by the command.

 Certain other functions can also be performed by the control.

The order can thus collect data on the quality of the supply, on the imbalance of user charges or on the mode of use by the customer of its control interface. The control can present any suitable means for carrying out the measurements necessary for these functions on the bypass.

 A supplier's communication station 15 can be placed upstream of the switch, for example on the branch branch 3 connected to the

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 transformer. This communication station can have a processor to manage its communications. This communication station has a modem connected to branch branch 3. Any interface for connection to the appropriate branch branch can be used. We can for example provide a special interface for connection to a three-phase branch branch. The modem can be connected to the processor to manage the sending and receiving of information on the branch branch. The modem is used to send and receive information by carrier current on the bypass. This information is sent to the control or to one or more other communication stations downstream of the switch, or more upstream of the branch branch.

 It is indeed possible to have one or more other communication stations 16 downstream of the switch, or more upstream of the branch branch. It is possible to use a station 16 placed on a branch of the supply network to concentrate the information coming from several communication stations 12, arranged on branches of this branch. The communication station 16 also has a modem for communicating by carrier current with the communication station 15.

The modem of station 16 is thus capable of transmitting and receiving information via the supply network. Station 16 can also send information back to a supplier's portable terminal using an interface 17. This can be done using the Euridis protocol IEC 13-34 standard and a portable input terminal or connecting to a network. public, for example by PSTN, by GSM or by fiber optic cabling.

 If the communication station 16 must manage several communication stations 15, it preferably continuously examines the state of the different communication stations 15. When this station is connected to a three-phase network branch, it can also be provided that it scans separately each phase of the branch.

 FIG. 3 represents a detailed view of an embodiment of a communication station 15 which is particularly suitable for operating with a communication station 16. This station 15 allows conversion between the protocols used at its upstream and the protocols used at its downstream. This station 15 includes a processor 31 connected to two modems 32 and 33. The modem 32 is capable of communicating with the command 6 in a similar manner to the modem of the station 15 described above.

The modem 33 uses a different communication protocol than the modem 32. The modem 33 can thus communicate with the modem of the station 16 without interference. For example, if a frequency modulation between 70 and 90 kHz is used for the communication between modem 32 and modem 22, another carrier frequency modulation between 50 and 70 kHz can be used between modem 33 and the modem of extension 16. Preferably, the protocol used by the distributor is used.

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 to perform the remote reading of consumption indexes function. For example, the Plan protocol on SFSK modulation is used, which authorizes operation on a three-phase network. This protocol exploits the synchronization of exchanges on the sector frequency to allow chain repetition of information.

 The communication station 15 can also have a single modem capable of selectively or simultaneously using two different communication protocols.

 Figure 4 shows in more detail an embodiment of a communication station 12 which can be placed on the user circuit. The station 12 has a processor 41, a battery 42 and a modem 43.

 The modem 43 is connected to the user circuit 11. It is adapted to be put in communication on the branch 9, 11 with the modem of the control 6 by carrier current. The modems, respectively of station 12 and of control 6, thus use a common communication protocol.

 The communication station 12 can also have means for measuring parameters of the user circuit. These various parameters, such as the local electricity consumption or the maximum instantaneous power can be processed by the processor and possibly stored in a memory of the appropriate station.

 The communication station 12 can also be put into communication with a terminal 13. Communication between the downstream communication station and the terminal can be carried out by any suitable means, such as by cable, radio frequency or carrier current connection on the user circuit.

 The terminal 13 can be used to record a credit or debit in a memory.

The memory can be included in a card or in a component of the terminal. The terminal 13 can also include a processor for reading, writing or processing information from the memory.

 The terminal 13 can have one or more of the following elements: a keyboard, a screen or a magnetic or chip card reader. The terminal can be used to authenticate the user by a code or by reading a smart card for example. By using such a terminal, the delivery of electric current to the user circuit may be subject to prior authentication. This authentication can be cross-checked with information from a terminal placed at the distributor to further limit possible fraud. The terminal 13 can also be used inter alia to control the electrical circuit 11, to monitor a prepaid consumer credit, to identify bank details for billing purposes or to detect fraud. The terminal can use measurements provided by the communication station 12 to perform its various functions. We can

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 also use terminals with other functions, such as computers. The communication station 12 of the user circuit and the terminal 13 can of course be integrated in a single housing.

 The terminal can also provide the user with the possibility of changing the distribution network, for example by using prepaid cards from different suppliers. The user can then use different cards according to different hourly rates offered by several suppliers.

 One can also provide an autonomous power supply for the terminal or the downstream communication station, for example by battery. The terminal and the communication station can thus continue to operate even during a supply interruption to the bypass. A user will thus be able to send a request for recharging his bypass. The terminal and / or the downstream communication station also preferably have a non-volatile memory for storing different parameters measured, read or received even in the absence of power.

 One can use a kit comprising a switch, a control and a communication station as described above. An existing network can thus be modified by retaining most of the existing electrical elements of the bypass, and by adding additional components to them such as a communication station, a command or a terminal as described. Each element of the kit also makes it possible to develop the network partially by simply changing or modifying this element.

 The following description will detail more precisely the methods of managing electrical networks described above.

 According to a first embodiment, information is sent between the communication station and the command in the form of modulated signals. Sending can of course be carried out in both directions of communication. The communication station or the command then reads the information sent.

 In a variant, the command reads one or more consumptions measured by the meter. For example, the control can read the off-peak and peak hours consumption indexes, respectively. Provision can be made for the control to open the switch when a consumption threshold is exceeded.

 It can also be provided that the consumption read is used to modify a memorized credit or debit. This memory can for example be placed in the terminal 13 or in a computer database available to the electricity supplier. The supplier or a computer program can then possibly decide to interrupt the supply of the customer. In particular, the terminal described above can be used in conjunction with a smart card. The card can be purchased from an electricity supplier and contain a consumer credit

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 electric. The extension can send a credit depletion signal to the order.

The control can then open the bypass circuit. Limiting a user's consumption to a predetermined or prepaid quantity can be useful, for example, to eliminate the problem of collecting unpaid invoices, to allow punctual payment at fairs, in ports or temporary residences. This type of operation also allows the user to change supplier using different prepaid cards.

 It can be provided that the command sends the consumption measurement read to one of the communication stations, and in particular to the communication station 15. A communication station can also send different types of requests or information to the order. The communication station 12 or 15 can for example send a request to open the switch to the command 6. This request can for example be sent when it is desired to limit the consumption or the power consumed. This can be used for example in the event of default by the user.

 It is also possible, if necessary, to modify the power rating of the remote control, either from station 12 by intervention of the user, or by intervention of an operator from station 15 or 16, the optionally. One of the communication stations then sends a caliber modification request which is made by the command.

 According to a variant, the control performs a voltage or power measurement. It then compares this measurement to a corresponding value read or extrapolated from the electric meter. When the values differ significantly, fraud is determined by short-circuiting the counter. We can then open the switch.

 A communication station or the control preferably detects the transmission of information on the user bypass, prior to their own transmission. This can prevent interference between different shipments. This detection can be carried out by detection of carrier current.

 According to another embodiment, the invention can also be applied to gas or water networks. Such a network includes a bypass line for supplying power to a user. A fluid meter measures the amount of fluid flowing through the pipe. A solenoid valve or an electric pump is placed in series on the bypass line. It is for example possible to mount a control 1 to actuate the solenoid valve or the pump.

 The counter can be put in communication with the control by any appropriate means. It is best to use radio communication between the meter and the controller. We can thus communicate the command and the

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 remote meter without electrical connection, which is desirable depending on the fluid placed in the pipe. The control can thus retrieve communication indexes by placing a radio transmitter on the meter and a radio receiver on the control.

 The device can include a communication station. The control can communicate with the communication station and send it read consumption indexes or other information as we have seen previously. The communication station can be placed upstream if it is intended to be used by the network operator. The communication station is placed downstream if it is intended to be used by the network user. The upstream and downstream stations can of course be combined as in the example of the electrical network.

 The control and a communication station can be put into communication using the power supply wiring from the pump or the solenoid valve. It is possible to communicate by carrier current by placing an appropriate modem respectively in the control and in the communication station. It is sufficient that the communication station is also connected to the electrical supply wiring of the control.

 One can also provide a command terminal placed downstream of the command for example to operate the bypass by prepayment.

 Of course, the present invention is not limited to the examples and embodiments described and shown, but it is susceptible of numerous variants accessible to those skilled in the art. Thus, although a command associated with a counter has been described previously, provision can be made to use several commands in the user circuit associated with a single counter. We can for example define and manage different consumption zones on the user circuit. It will also be understood that the bypass may also include only a communication station, respectively on the downstream or upstream side of the meter. Although the branch represented is single-phase, the invention also applies to other types of branches, such as three-phase branches.

Claims (33)

CLAIMS 1-Method for managing an electricity distribution network (1), the electrical network comprising: - a user supply branch (4); - a control (6) presenting a modem (24) connected to the bypass; - at least one communication station (12,15) having a modem (32, 33, 43) connected to the network; the method comprising the steps of: sending information between the communication station and the control, in the form of modulated signals passing through the bypass; - reading by the communication station or by ordering the information sent. 2-The method of claim 1, characterized in that: - the network further comprises a counter (5) for measuring the electricity consumption of the bypass, connected to the control (6); - The method further comprising a step of reading by controlling the consumption measured by the meter. 3-The method of claim 2, characterized in that the network further comprises a switch (7) placed in series on the bypass (4); the method further comprising a step of opening or closing the switch by the control according to the consumption measured. 4-The method of one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that information is sent from the order to the communication station during a sending step. 5-The method of claim 4, characterized in that the information sent includes the consumption measurement. 6-The method of one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that information is sent from the communication station to the command during a sending step. 7-The method of claims 3 and 6, characterized in that: <Desc / Clms Page number 14>  - information sent includes a request to open or close the switch; the method further comprising a step of opening or closing the switch by the control. 8-The method of claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: - the control further comprises: - a variable caliber function for limiting the power of the bypass; information sent including a request to modify the size of the communication station towards the order; - The method further comprising a step of modifying the size by the command. 9-The method of one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that: - the network further comprises: - a memory (14) storing a credit or a debit; - means for reading / writing (13) from the memory, in communication with the communication station (12, 15); information sent from the order to the communication station during a sending step includes the consumption read; the method further comprising a step of modifying the credit or the debit as a function of the consumption read.

10- The method of claim 9, characterized in that: - the method further comprises a step of comparing the credit or debit stored at a predetermined threshold; information sent from the communication station to the command includes a request to open the switch; - The method further comprises a step of opening the switch by the command. 11-The method of one of claims 2 to 10, characterized in that - the supply of a user circuit (11) in the derivation downstream of the meter; - the supply of a communication station (12) on the user circuit (11). <Desc / CRUD Page number 15> 12-The method of one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the supply of a supply circuit (3) of several branches in the network; - the supply of a communication station (15) on the supply circuit. 13-The method of claim 12, characterized in that - the network comprises a second communication station (16) placed upstream of the first station (15) at the outlet of a transformer (2); the method comprising a step of sending information between the communication stations with a different modulation frequency compared to the sending between the first communication station and the command. 14-The method of one of claims 3 to 13, characterized in that - the control also has: - a sensor for measuring the voltage of the bypass; - the method further comprising steps of: - comparison of the voltage measured by the sensor to the voltage measured by the meter; - opening of the switch by the command when the voltage difference crosses a predetermined threshold. 15-The method of one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises steps of: - detection of sending in progress on a part of the network, prior to a sending; - sending ban if a shipment is detected. 16-Electricity distribution network (1) comprising: - a user supply branch (4); - a switch command (6) having a modem (24) connected to the bypass; - at least one communication station (12,15) having a modem (32, 33,43) connected to the network and capable of communicating with the modem (24) of the control. <Desc / Clms Page number 16>  17-The network of claim 16, characterized in that the modems (24,32) are frequency modulation modems, using a modulation frequency between 70 and 95 kHz. 18-The network of claim 16 or 17, characterized in that it further comprises a counter (5) for measuring the electricity consumption of the bypass. 19-The network of claim 18, characterized in that it comprises a user circuit (11) downstream of the meter and in that the communication station (12) is placed on the user circuit (11). 20-The network of claim 18 or 19, characterized in that the command comprises a bypass voltage sensor and a comparator comparing the measurement of the sensor to the measurement of the counter. 21-The network of claim 18 to 20, characterized in that the control (6) is connected to the bypass (4) downstream of the counter (5). 22-The network of one of claims 16 to 21, characterized in that the control (6) also has a variable rating of power limitation of the bypass. 23-The network of one of claims 16 to 22, characterized in that it further comprises: - a memory (14) storing a credit or a debit; - Reading / writing means (13) of the memory in communication with the communication station (12). 24-The network of one of claims 16 to 23, characterized in that it comprises a supply circuit (3) of several branches, and a communication station (15) placed on the supply circuit 25- The network of one of claim 24, characterized in that it comprises a second communication station (16) placed upstream of the first station (15) at the output of a transformer (2), the modulation between the first and second communication stations differing from the modulation between the first communication station and the control. <Desc / Clms Page number 17> 26-The network of claim 25, characterized in that the modems (33) of the first and second communication stations (15,16) are frequency modulation modems, using a modulation frequency between 50 and 70 kHz 27 -The network of one of claims 19 to 26, characterized in that it further comprises a terminal (13) communicating with the communication station (12) and having a magnetic card reader, a smart card reader , a screen, or a keyboard. 28-The network of claim 27, characterized in that the control, the terminal, or the communication station have a battery supply (42). 29-The network of one of claims 16 to 28, characterized in that it further comprises a switch (7) placed in series on the bypass. 30-The electrical network of one of claims 16 to 29, characterized in that the supply voltage of the bypass is 1l0V, 220V, 230V or 340V. 31-Control of electrical distribution network switch capable of being used for the implementation of the method according to one of claims 1 to 15, comprising a modem capable of being connected to the network and an interface for connection to a electric meter. 32-Kit for an electricity distribution network, capable of being used for the implementation of the method according to one of claims 1 to 15, comprising: - a command comprising a modem capable of being connected to a branch line 'a network; - a communication station, comprising a modem capable of being connected to a branch of the network and capable of communicating with the modem of the control. 33- The kit of claim 32, characterized in that it further comprises a terminal capable of communicating with the communication station and <Desc / Clms Page number 18>  having a magnetic card reader, a smart card reader, a screen, or a keyboard. 34-The kit of claim 32 or 33, characterized in that the control also has an interface capable of being connected to an electricity consumption meter. 35-The kit of one of claims 32 to 34, characterized in that the control also has a variable rating of electrical power limitation. 36-The kit of one of claims 32 to 35, characterized in that it further comprises a switch capable of being actuated by the control.