FR2825933A1 - Process for extraction of mixture of fatty acids from almonds contained in strychnos gratus, a natural fruit grown in equatorial tropical areas, for use in medicines and in cosmetic industry - Google Patents
Process for extraction of mixture of fatty acids from almonds contained in strychnos gratus, a natural fruit grown in equatorial tropical areas, for use in medicines and in cosmetic industry Download PDFInfo
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- FR2825933A1 FR2825933A1 FR0107970A FR0107970A FR2825933A1 FR 2825933 A1 FR2825933 A1 FR 2825933A1 FR 0107970 A FR0107970 A FR 0107970A FR 0107970 A FR0107970 A FR 0107970A FR 2825933 A1 FR2825933 A1 FR 2825933A1
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- mixture
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- almonds
- fatty substances
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/21—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates
- A61K31/215—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates of carboxylic acids
- A61K31/22—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates of carboxylic acids of acyclic acids, e.g. pravastatin
- A61K31/23—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates of carboxylic acids of acyclic acids, e.g. pravastatin of acids having a carboxyl group bound to a chain of seven or more carbon atoms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23D—EDIBLE OILS OR FATS, e.g. MARGARINES, SHORTENINGS, COOKING OILS
- A23D9/00—Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings, cooking oils
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/115—Fatty acids or derivatives thereof; Fats or oils
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/92—Oils, fats or waxes; Derivatives thereof, e.g. hydrogenation products thereof
- A61K8/922—Oils, fats or waxes; Derivatives thereof, e.g. hydrogenation products thereof of vegetable origin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/10—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by extracting
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Dermatology (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
Description
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La présente invention concerne un procédé d'obtention d'un mélange de corps gras, un mélange de corps gras ainsi obtenu, ainsi que des utilisations d'un tel mélange. The present invention relates to a process for obtaining a mixture of fatty substances, a mixture of fatty substances thus obtained, as well as uses of such a mixture.
Les corps gras, qui entrent dans la composition des huiles végétales, possèdent des utilisations multiples. On citera ainsi, entre autres, les domaines de l'industrie, de l'alimentation et de la fabrication de produits cosmétiques. Fats, which are part of the composition of vegetable oils, have multiple uses. These include, inter alia, the fields of industry, food and the manufacture of cosmetic products.
L'invention se propose de mettre en oeuvre une solution alternative à celles existant actuellement, qui soit avantageuse, en particulier en termes de respect de l'environnement. The invention proposes to implement an alternative solution to those currently existing, which is advantageous, in particular in terms of respect for the environment.
A cet effet, elle a pour objet un procédé d'obtention d'un mélange d'un corps gras, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend les étapes suivantes : - on isole des amandes, initialement contenues dans un strychnos gratus ; et on extrait des corps gras contenus dans ces amandes. To this end, it relates to a process for obtaining a mixture of a fatty substance, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: - isolating almonds, initially contained in a strychnos gratus; and we extract fatty substances contained in these almonds.
Le strychnos gratus est un fruit naturel, appartenant à la famille des loganiacées. Il pousse dans les forêts équatoriales et tropicales, notamment au Gabon. Strychnos gratus is a natural fruit, belonging to the loganiaceae family. It grows in equatorial and tropical forests, especially in Gabon.
Dans ce pays, il porte le nom de Diguembi au singulier et de Maguembi au pluriel, dans la langue vernaculaire des Pounou du sud du Gabon. Par ailleurs, la plante sur laquelle pousse ce fruit porte le nom de Mouguembi au singulier, et de Miguembi au pluriel. In this country, it bears the name of Diguembi in the singular and Maguembi in the plural, in the vernacular language of the Pounou of southern Gabon. In addition, the plant on which this fruit grows bears the name of Mouguembi in the singular, and Miguembi in the plural.
Ce fruit de couleur verte pèse entre environ 600 et 1000 grammes. A maturité, il tombe à terre et devient de couleur jaune au bout d'environ trois mois, avant de mourir au bout d'environ 5 mois. Il se présente sous une forme ovoïde, et possède un diamètre d'environ 12,5 cm, pour une hauteur d'environ 11 cm. This green fruit weighs between about 600 and 1000 grams. At maturity, it falls to the ground and becomes yellow in color after about three months, before dying after about 5 months. It comes in an ovoid shape, and has a diameter of about 12.5 cm, for a height of about 11 cm.
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Ce fruit comporte une coque en bois, d'une épaisseur d'environ 3 à 7 mm, qui renferme un noyau, composé de fibres formant la pulpe, dans lequel se trouvent une soixantaine d'amandes. This fruit has a wooden shell, about 3 to 7 mm thick, which contains a core, composed of fibers forming the pulp, in which there are around sixty almonds.
Le strychnos gratus est notamment décrit dans l'ouvrage de Raponda Walker, paru en 1995 aux éditions SEPIA sous le titre Les plantes utiles du Gabon . La référence de cet ouvrage est ISBN 9782907888691. Strychnos gratus is described in particular in the work by Raponda Walker, published in 1995 by SEPIA editions under the title The useful plants of Gabon. The reference of this work is ISBN 9782907888691.
Selon une caractéristique de l'invention, on extrait les corps gras contenus dans les amandes au moyen d'un solvant, en particulier de l'hexane. According to a characteristic of the invention, the fatty substances contained in the almonds are extracted by means of a solvent, in particular hexane.
Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, on sèche les amandes, notamment dans une étuve, avant l'étape d'extraction. According to another characteristic of the invention, the almonds are dried, in particular in an oven, before the extraction step.
L'invention a également pour objet un mélange de corps gras obtenu selon le procédé tel que défini ci-dessus. The invention also relates to a mixture of fatty substances obtained according to the method as defined above.
Selon une caractéristique de l'invention, ce mélange de corps gras possède un indice d'iode compris entre 81,10 et 82,60, notamment égal à 81,85. According to a characteristic of the invention, this mixture of fatty substances has an iodine index of between 81.10 and 82.60, in particular equal to 81.85.
Cet indice d'iode est déterminé conformément à la procédure décrite dans la norme NF T 60-203. This iodine index is determined in accordance with the procedure described in standard NF T 60-203.
Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, le mélange de corps gras possède un indice de saponification compris entre 195,0 et 197,0, notamment égal à 196,0. According to another characteristic of the invention, the mixture of fatty substances has a saponification index of between 195.0 and 197.0, in particular equal to 196.0.
Cet indice de saponification est déterminé conformément à la procédure décrite dans la norme NF T 60- 206. This saponification index is determined in accordance with the procedure described in standard NF T 60-206.
Un exemple de réalisation du procédé de l'invention va maintenant être décrit, uniquement à titre non limitatif. An exemplary embodiment of the method of the invention will now be described, only by way of non-limiting example.
On coupe tout d'abord en deux un strychnos gratus. We first cut in half a gratus strychnos.
Puis, on retire les amandes présentes dans le noyau de ce fruit, et on les sèche dans une étuve. Then, remove the almonds present in the nucleus of this fruit, and dry them in an oven.
La masse moyenne d'une amande sèche, revêtue de sa coquille, est d'environ 1,00 gramme, à 0,05 gramme près. En The average mass of a dry almond, coated with its shell, is about 1.00 gram, to the nearest 0.05 gram. In
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outre, la masse moyenne d'une amande sèche nue, dépourvue de la coquille précitée, est d'environ 0,80 gramme, à 0,05 gramme près. furthermore, the average mass of a naked dry almond, devoid of the abovementioned shell, is approximately 0.80 grams, to within 0.05 grams.
On extrait alors, au moyen d'un solvant qui est l'hexane, un mélange de corps gras, initialement contenu dans les amandes du strychnos gratus. Cette opération d'extraction se déroule conformément à la procédure décrite dans la norme NF V 03-905. A mixture of fatty substances, initially contained in the almonds of strychnos gratus, is then extracted, using a solvent which is hexane. This extraction operation takes place in accordance with the procedure described in standard NF V 03-905.
Le mélange de corps gras ainsi obtenu, par extraction à l'hexane, correspond à environ 2,50% en poids, à 0,05% près. Ainsi, pour un fruit donné, la quantité de corps gras obtenu est d'environ 1,20 gramme, à 0,04 gramme près. The mixture of fatty substances thus obtained, by extraction with hexane, corresponds to approximately 2.50% by weight, to the nearest 0.05%. Thus, for a given fruit, the quantity of fatty substance obtained is approximately 1.20 grams, to the nearest 0.04 grams.
L'indice d'iode de ce mélange de corps gras est de 81,85, à 0,75 près, alors que son indice de saponification est de 196,0, à 1,00 près. The iodine index of this mixture of fatty substances is 81.85, to within 0.75, while its saponification index is 196.0, to within 1.00.
On procède ensuite à l'analyse des acides gras constitutifs de ce mélange. Pour ce faire, on prépare tout d'abord des esters méthyliques, à partir de ces acides gras. Cette opération est réalisée selon la procédure décrite dans la norme NF T 60-233. The fatty acids constituting this mixture are then analyzed. To do this, first of all methyl esters are prepared from these fatty acids. This operation is carried out according to the procedure described in standard NF T 60-233.
On analyse ensuite, par chromatographie en phase gazeuse, les esters méthyliques d'acides gras ainsi obtenus. Cette analyse est mise en oeuvre selon la procédure décrite dans la norme NF T 60-234. The methyl esters of fatty acids thus obtained are then analyzed by gas chromatography. This analysis is implemented according to the procedure described in standard NF T 60-234.
Le mélange de corps gras ainsi analysé possède la composition suivante : acide Hexadécanoïque (ou Palmitique en C16)
15,35% en poids acide Octadécanoique (ou Stéarique en Cis)
3,91% en poids acide Cis-9-0ctadécènoïque (ou Oléique en Cii)
60,04% en poids acide Cis, Cis-9, 12-Octadécadiénoïque (ou Linoléique CI8 : 2)
17,14% en poids The mixture of fatty substances thus analyzed has the following composition: Hexadecanoic acid (or C16 palmitic acid)
15.35% by weight Octadecanoic acid (or Stearic Cis)
3.91% by weight Cis-9-0ctadecenoic acid (or Oleic in Cii)
60.04% by weight acid Cis, Cis-9, 12-Octadecadienoic (or Linoleic CI8: 2)
17.14% by weight
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acide Eicosanoïque (ou Arachidique en C20)
0,76% en poids acide Eicosénoïque (ou Gadoléique en C2o : d
0,76% en poids, les acides gras possédant moins de 16 atomes de carbone étant présents à raison de moins de 0, 80% en poids, alors que les acides gras possédant plus de 20 atomes de carbone sont présents à raison de moins de 1,20% en poids. Eicosanoic acid (or C20 peanut)
0.76% by weight Eicosenoic acid (or Gadoleic in C2o: d
0.76% by weight, the fatty acids having less than 16 carbon atoms being present in an amount of less than 0.80% by weight, while the fatty acids having more than 20 carbon atoms being present in an amount of less than 1.20% by weight.
La masse molaire moyenne des différents acides gras constitutifs du mélange ci-dessus est de 272,0 g/mol, à 1,00 près. The average molar mass of the various fatty acids constituting the above mixture is 272.0 g / mol, to the nearest 1.00.
L'invention a également pour objet l'utilisation d'un mélange de corps gras tel que défini ci-dessus, pour la fabrication de produits cosmétiques. The invention also relates to the use of a mixture of fatty substances as defined above, for the manufacture of cosmetic products.
On citera, à titre d'exemples non limitatifs, les savons, les parfums et les crèmes de beauté. Mention will be made, by way of nonlimiting examples, of soaps, perfumes and beauty creams.
L'invention a également pour objet l'utilisation d'un mélange de corps gras tel que défini ci-dessus, pour la fabrication de produits alimentaires. The invention also relates to the use of a mixture of fatty substances as defined above, for the manufacture of food products.
Le mélange de corps gras extrait du strychnos gratus possède une composition chimique voisine de celle de l'huile d'arachides. Il est donc utilisable dans l'alimentation, sans danger pour l'homme. The mixture of fatty substances extracted from strychnos gratus has a chemical composition close to that of peanut oil. It is therefore usable in food, safe for humans.
L'invention a enfin pour objet l'utilisation d'un mélange de corps gras tel que défini ci-dessus, pour la fabrication de médicaments. The invention finally relates to the use of a mixture of fatty substances as defined above, for the manufacture of medicaments.
Ainsi, il a été constaté que le mélange de corps gras extrait du strychnos gratus peut être employé efficacement pour le traitement, entre autres, de la constipation et de certaines maladies abdominales. Thus, it has been found that the mixture of fatty substances extracted from strychnos gratus can be used effectively for the treatment, inter alia, of constipation and certain abdominal diseases.
L'invention permet de réaliser les objectifs précédemment mentionnés. The invention makes it possible to achieve the objectives mentioned above.
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En effet, elle permet d'obtenir un mélange de corps gras, en vue de la réalisation d'une huile végétale d'origine entièrement naturelle. Indeed, it makes it possible to obtain a mixture of fatty substances, with a view to the production of a vegetable oil of entirely natural origin.
La solution apportée par l'invention s'inscrit donc dans un cadre tout particulièrement favorable, en termes de respect de l'environnement. The solution provided by the invention therefore falls within a particularly favorable framework, in terms of respect for the environment.
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0107970A FR2825933B1 (en) | 2001-06-18 | 2001-06-18 | PROCESS FOR OBTAINING A FAT BODY MIXTURE, A MIXTURE OF BOLD BODIES THUS OBTAINED AND USES THEREOF |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0107970A FR2825933B1 (en) | 2001-06-18 | 2001-06-18 | PROCESS FOR OBTAINING A FAT BODY MIXTURE, A MIXTURE OF BOLD BODIES THUS OBTAINED AND USES THEREOF |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FR2825933A1 true FR2825933A1 (en) | 2002-12-20 |
| FR2825933B1 FR2825933B1 (en) | 2005-08-05 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0107970A Expired - Fee Related FR2825933B1 (en) | 2001-06-18 | 2001-06-18 | PROCESS FOR OBTAINING A FAT BODY MIXTURE, A MIXTURE OF BOLD BODIES THUS OBTAINED AND USES THEREOF |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| FR (1) | FR2825933B1 (en) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1987006606A2 (en) * | 1986-04-23 | 1987-11-05 | Amilcare Baglioni | Method for extracting food oil from seeds and/or oily fruits and product obtained therefrom |
| WO1991004678A1 (en) * | 1989-09-29 | 1991-04-18 | Her Majesty In Right Of Canada As Represented By The Minister Of Agriculture Canada | Process for preparing low-calorie nuts |
| ES2151419A1 (en) * | 1998-09-15 | 2000-12-16 | Nogues Pere Escriba | Production of edible almond paste free from fats consists of high pressure cold treatment in bulk, with utilization of the extracted oil |
-
2001
- 2001-06-18 FR FR0107970A patent/FR2825933B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1987006606A2 (en) * | 1986-04-23 | 1987-11-05 | Amilcare Baglioni | Method for extracting food oil from seeds and/or oily fruits and product obtained therefrom |
| WO1991004678A1 (en) * | 1989-09-29 | 1991-04-18 | Her Majesty In Right Of Canada As Represented By The Minister Of Agriculture Canada | Process for preparing low-calorie nuts |
| ES2151419A1 (en) * | 1998-09-15 | 2000-12-16 | Nogues Pere Escriba | Production of edible almond paste free from fats consists of high pressure cold treatment in bulk, with utilization of the extracted oil |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| A. KARLESKIND: "Manuel des CORPS GRAS", 1992, LAVOISIER TEC & DOC, PARIS, FR, XP002191857 * |
| B.W. LI ET AL.: "Effect of lipid extraction methods on total dietary fiber and nonstarch polysaccharide contents of selected nuts and seeds", JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL., vol. 80, no. 1, 1997, AOAC INTERNATIONAL, ARLINGTON, VA, US, pages 98 - 101, XP001064148, ISSN: 1060-3271 * |
| DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 200111, Derwent World Patents Index; Class D13, AN 2001-094298, XP002191858 * |
| F.D. GUNSTONE ET AL.: "The Lipid Handbook", 1994, CHAPMAN & HALL, LONDON, GB, XP002191856 * |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2825933B1 (en) | 2005-08-05 |
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Effective date: 20070228 |
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