FR2817191A1 - Manufacturing procedure for a lightweight structure includes enhancement of its rigidity by replacing the saggital section with a harder more rigid material - Google Patents
Manufacturing procedure for a lightweight structure includes enhancement of its rigidity by replacing the saggital section with a harder more rigid material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2817191A1 FR2817191A1 FR0015311A FR0015311A FR2817191A1 FR 2817191 A1 FR2817191 A1 FR 2817191A1 FR 0015311 A FR0015311 A FR 0015311A FR 0015311 A FR0015311 A FR 0015311A FR 2817191 A1 FR2817191 A1 FR 2817191A1
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- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- core
- harder
- machine
- rigidity
- rigid material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/02—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C44/04—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles consisting of at least two parts of chemically or physically different materials, e.g. having different densities
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
- B29C70/08—Fibrous reinforcements only comprising combinations of different forms of fibrous reinforcements incorporated in matrix material, forming one or more layers, and with or without non-reinforced layers
- B29C70/086—Fibrous reinforcements only comprising combinations of different forms of fibrous reinforcements incorporated in matrix material, forming one or more layers, and with or without non-reinforced layers and with one or more layers of pure plastics material, e.g. foam layers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/52—Sports equipment ; Games; Articles for amusement; Toys
- B29L2031/5272—Surf boards
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B32/00—Water sports boards; Accessories therefor
- B63B32/57—Boards characterised by the material, e.g. laminated materials
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
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La présente invention concerne un nouveau procédé de fabrication pour des engins ou des composants d'engins constitués d'un noyau en mousse ou autre matériau léger enrobé d'une ou plusieurs couches de résines armées et/ou de thermoplastique et dont la forme extérieure, déterminée par des exigences techniques, ne peut pas être optimisée en fonction des contraintes mécaniques que l'engin doit subir. The present invention relates to a new manufacturing process for vehicles or components of vehicles consisting of a core of foam or other light material coated with one or more layers of reinforced resins and / or of thermoplastic and whose external shape, determined by technical requirements, cannot be optimized according to the mechanical stresses that the machine must undergo.
Cette technologie se prête particulièrement à la réalisation de planches à voile, surf, bateaux de course, petits avions ou autres engins réalisés technologies composites, et dont la forme
extérieure est déterminée en fonction d'une optimisation de la glisse ou plus généralement des écoulements dans un fluide. This technology is particularly suitable for making windsurfers, surfboards, racing boats, small planes or other machines made of composite technologies, and whose shape
external is determined according to an optimization of the glide or more generally of the flows in a fluid.
Les technologies actuellement utilisées dans ces fabrications comportent un noyau relativement homogène en densité et sans structure interne. Les peaux enrobant ce noyau peuvent être réalisées en plastique, sandwich composite, en thermoformage et résine ou par tout autre procédé. Le rapport entre poxls et solidité de cette technologie est variable, notamment en fonction des matériaux utilisés, des épaisseurs des différentes couches, de la forme générale de l'engin, de la densité du noyau et de bien d'autres paramètres. The technologies currently used in these manufactures include a relatively homogeneous core in density and without internal structure. The skins coating this core can be made of plastic, composite sandwich, thermoforming and resin or by any other process. The relationship between poxls and solidity of this technology is variable, in particular depending on the materials used, the thicknesses of the different layers, the general shape of the machine, the density of the core and many other parameters.
Quelle que soit la combinaison choisie, il s'avère souvent difficile, voir impossible de réaliser avec une telle technologie en engin qui associe une résistance suffisante à une utilisation extrême comme par exemple une planche à voile de saut, et un poids très léger, tel que le marché le demande. L'on constate par ailleurs que les ruptures des engins interviennent souvent à des endroits particuliers qui sont ceux où les eSbrts se concentrent en fonction des particularités des engins en question. Whatever the combination chosen, it often proves difficult, if not impossible, to achieve with such a technology in equipment which combines sufficient resistance with extreme use such as for example a jumping windsurfing board, and a very light weight, such as the market demands. We also note that the ruptures of the devices often occur in particular places which are those where the eSbrts are concentrated according to the particularities of the devices in question.
A titre d'exemple les flotteurs de planches à voile se cassent souvent suite à une réception d'un saut à un endroit compris entre 50 et 150 cm de l'arrière de l'engin. A l'intérieur de cette zone et plus précisément autours de son milieu se concentrent en effet les forces dues
A l'inertie du poids du pratiquant à l'arrière et du gréement, à l'avant ; la résultante de cette combinaison tend à faire plier l'engin vers le bas ou le haut, selon le type de réception Les dIfférentes tentatIves de renforcer la zone par le renforcement ponctuel des peaux ont montré leur limites à cause des raisons suivantes : a) des renforts important tendent à déplacer le point de rupture au bord du renfort au lieu de le supprimer, plus le renfort est solide, plus le gradient de rigidité est brusque et la rupture à son bord inéluctable à terme. b) quelle que soit la solidité du renfort, la suite répétée des efforts sur une zone limitée a pour conséquence d'affaiblir la liaison entre le noyau et la peau, entraînant à terme une délamination superficielle ou un cisaillement du noyau sous la peau. c) Les renforcements des peaux entraînent très rapidement des augmentations rapides du poids de l'engin et/ou son coût si l'on choisit des matériaux nobles . (fibres de carbone, "kevlar" ou autres). By way of example, the floats of windsurfers often break following reception of a jump at a location between 50 and 150 cm from the rear of the craft. Within this zone and more precisely around its medium, the forces due
The inertia of the practitioner's weight at the rear and the rigging at the front; the result of this combination tends to make the machine fold down or up, depending on the type of reception. The various attempts to strengthen the area by punctually strengthening the skins have shown their limits because of the following reasons: important reinforcements tend to move the breaking point at the edge of the reinforcement instead of eliminating it, the more solid the reinforcement, the sharper the stiffness gradient and the rupture at its edge inevitable in the long term. b) whatever the strength of the reinforcement, the repeated continuation of the forces over a limited area has the consequence of weakening the connection between the core and the skin, eventually leading to superficial delamination or shearing of the core under the skin. c) The reinforcements of the skins very quickly cause rapid increases in the weight of the machine and / or its cost if one chooses noble materials. (carbon fibers, "kevlar" or others).
Les renforcements de la zone de rupture par l'adjonction d'une ou plusieures lattes reliant les deux cotés de l'engin permet d'en augmenter ponctuellement la rigidité, cependant le gradient de rigidité important à coté de (s) la latte, entraîne des ruptures des peaux The reinforcements of the rupture zone by the addition of one or more slats connecting the two sides of the machine allows to punctually increase the rigidity, however the significant rigidity gradient next to the slat (s), leads to ruptured skins
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ou l'affaissement de la mousse à coté de la latte ; de plus ce procédé est d'une application industrielle très délicate. or the sagging of the foam next to the slat; moreover, this process is of very delicate industrial application.
La présente invention permet de remédier à ces problèmes et de réaliser des engins ayant un poids inférieur aux engins traditionnels, avec des résistances à la casse et au vieillissement très largement supérieures. The present invention makes it possible to remedy these problems and to produce machines having a weight that is lower than traditional machines, with very much greater resistance to breakage and to aging.
La figure 1 illustre l'application de cette invention à titre d'exemple sur un flotteur de planche à voile ou de surf. Dans ce cas précis, le noyau (1) est généralement constitué d'une mousse polystyrène, polyuréthanne ou creux. Figure 1 illustrates the application of this invention by way of example on a windsurfing or surfing float. In this specific case, the core (1) generally consists of a polystyrene, polyurethane or hollow foam.
Afin de créer une meilleure adéquation entre la structure et les efforts qu'elle subit, cette nouvelle technologie intègre dans le noyau de l'engin (1) une structure qui a pour fonction d'augmenter très considérablement la rigidité locale, tout en étant suffisamment flexible sur l'ensemble pour éviter les effets de coup de fouet . Sur la partie inférieure de l'engin, une tranche sagittale de noyau est remplacée par un matériau plus dur et plus rigide (2), (par exemple par une mousse de densité supérieure à celle du reste du noyau) sur une longueur qui est fonction de la partie la plus sollicité et centrée au milieu de celle-ci. Les épaisseurs de ce renfort sont dégressives vers les extrémités. Sur la partie supérieure on intègre au noyau une ou plusieures tranches positionnées de sorte à créer une structure indéformable et ayant des caractéristiques mécaniques similaires à celle du dessous (3). In order to create a better match between the structure and the forces it undergoes, this new technology integrates into the core of the machine (1) a structure which has the function of very considerably increasing the local rigidity, while being sufficiently flexible on the whole to avoid the effects of whiplash. On the lower part of the machine, a sagittal slice of core is replaced by a harder and more rigid material (2), (for example by a foam of density higher than that of the rest of the core) over a length which is function of the most requested part and centered in the middle of it. The thicknesses of this reinforcement are decreasing towards the ends. On the upper part, one or more sections are integrated into the core, positioned so as to create a non-deformable structure with mechanical characteristics similar to that below (3).
L'assemblage entre le corps du noyau et les tranches à densité élevée se fera de préférence avec une couche de colle ou de résine armée. Les tranches du dessus (3), comme celles du dessous (2) ont leur épaisseur maximale au centre de la zone d'effort maximal et leur épaisseur est dégressive vers les extrémités. The assembly between the core body and the high density wafers will preferably be done with a layer of glue or reinforced resin. The top slices (3), like those below (2) have their maximum thickness in the center of the zone of maximum effort and their thickness is decreasing towards the ends.
Les peux du dessus et du dessous restent reliées exclusivement par les bords extérieurs. L'ensemble ainsi obtenu présente une section centrale dotée d'une structure en parallélépipède, trapézoïdale ou triangulaire que j'appelle cellule oméga révèle des propriétés mécaniques uniques grâce aux éléments suivants : a) la combinais on des tranches en matériau rigide du dessus et du dessous du noyau crée une structure indéformable centrée autour de la zone la plus sollicitée de l'engin et prévient ainsi les problèmes de casse (section A-A). b) L'accroissement de la solidité du noyau est tel qu'il est possible d'alléger les peaux et le reste du noyau et de réduire ainsi le poids de l'ensemble. (c) La structure appelée cellule oméga repartit les efforts de compression locale et isole la partie à faible densité du noyau en prévenant ainsi les problèmes d'écrasement ponctuel, de tassement du noyau ou de cisaillement liés au vieillissement. d) La transition progressive entre la cellule oméga et le restant de l'engin autorise une certaine souplesse de l'ensemble, permettant de mieux résister aux vibrations et aux efforts répétés. La modularité de cette solution technique permet d'adapter la structure de n'importe quel engin à noyau mousse en fonction des efforts spécifiques qu'il doit subir. L'accroissement très important du module de la The top and bottom can remain connected exclusively by the outer edges. The assembly thus obtained has a central section with a parallelepiped, trapezoidal or triangular structure which I call an omega cell reveals unique mechanical properties thanks to the following elements: a) it was combined with slices of rigid material from above and from below the core creates a non-deformable structure centered around the most stressed area of the machine and thus prevents breakage problems (section AA). b) The increase in the solidity of the core is such that it is possible to lighten the skins and the rest of the core and thus reduce the weight of the assembly. (c) The structure called omega cell distributes the local compression forces and isolates the low density part of the nucleus, thus preventing the problems of punctual crushing, compaction of the nucleus or shearing linked to aging. d) The gradual transition between the omega cell and the rest of the machine allows a certain flexibility of the assembly, allowing better resistance to vibrations and repeated efforts. The modularity of this technical solution makes it possible to adapt the structure of any foam core machine according to the specific forces it must undergo. The very significant increase in the module of the
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structure et la possibilité de pouvoir optimiser sa position permettent d'alléger l'ensemble et d'optimiser les autres propriétés mécaniques de l'engin ainsi que son poids structure and the possibility of being able to optimize its position make it possible to lighten the assembly and to optimize the other mechanical properties of the machine as well as its weight
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0015311A FR2817191A1 (en) | 2000-11-28 | 2000-11-28 | Manufacturing procedure for a lightweight structure includes enhancement of its rigidity by replacing the saggital section with a harder more rigid material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0015311A FR2817191A1 (en) | 2000-11-28 | 2000-11-28 | Manufacturing procedure for a lightweight structure includes enhancement of its rigidity by replacing the saggital section with a harder more rigid material |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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FR2817191A1 true FR2817191A1 (en) | 2002-05-31 |
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ID=8856931
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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FR0015311A Pending FR2817191A1 (en) | 2000-11-28 | 2000-11-28 | Manufacturing procedure for a lightweight structure includes enhancement of its rigidity by replacing the saggital section with a harder more rigid material |
Country Status (1)
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FR (1) | FR2817191A1 (en) |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3545455A1 (en) * | 1985-12-20 | 1987-07-02 | Jochen Adamek | Process for producing thermoplastic bodies with core |
DE3635862A1 (en) * | 1986-10-22 | 1988-05-05 | Gerhard Rambacher | Surfboard with reinforcing strips on the thermoplastic outer skin |
DE4128957A1 (en) * | 1991-08-30 | 1993-03-04 | Schuetz Werke Gmbh Co Kg | Surfing sailboard with composite body - has reinforcing insert with honeycomb core at surfers standing position |
DE19632516C1 (en) * | 1996-08-13 | 1997-11-13 | Schuetz Werke Gmbh Co Kg | Single mould used for all moulding stages |
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2000
- 2000-11-28 FR FR0015311A patent/FR2817191A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3545455A1 (en) * | 1985-12-20 | 1987-07-02 | Jochen Adamek | Process for producing thermoplastic bodies with core |
DE3635862A1 (en) * | 1986-10-22 | 1988-05-05 | Gerhard Rambacher | Surfboard with reinforcing strips on the thermoplastic outer skin |
DE4128957A1 (en) * | 1991-08-30 | 1993-03-04 | Schuetz Werke Gmbh Co Kg | Surfing sailboard with composite body - has reinforcing insert with honeycomb core at surfers standing position |
DE19632516C1 (en) * | 1996-08-13 | 1997-11-13 | Schuetz Werke Gmbh Co Kg | Single mould used for all moulding stages |
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