FR2815486A1 - Combined electricity, heat and cold generation module, for industrial or tertiary sector use, uses gas or gasoline powered electric generator and absorption refrigeration unit, together with collection of exhaust heat to produce hot water - Google Patents

Abstract

The module is housed in a standard shipping container (1), and has an electric generator (2) powered by natural gas or gasoline and an absorption refrigeration unit (3) delivering chilled water and recovering heat from the exhaust of the engine driving the generator. Part of this energy can be converted to hot water by exhaust heat exchangers.

Description

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 The present invention relates to a mobile group of combined generation of electricity, hot and cold.

 It generally relates to energy supply installations for the industrial and tertiary sector, in particular in the hospital and hotel sectors, as well as in the electronics and food industries.

 The invention is based on the concept of "trigeneration" consisting in producing electricity, heat and cold by means of a single installation.

 "Trigeneration" is the association of various techniques which are well known today.

 -! cogeneration: combined production of motive power (electricity) and heat.

 -the production of cold by absorption or compression. We will focus here only on the production of cold by absorption.

 The basic concept which allows its development resides in the search for a profitability of the thermal energy resulting from the production in order to produce hot water and chilled water.

 "Trigeneration" units are essential when there is a significant need for cold (hot country), and in regions where the electricity supply network is fragile and where hot water needs remain , especially for the production of domestic hot water.

généralement réalisés à la demande et présentent l'inconvénient, outre la durée des A large number of industrial or tertiary establishments need an extremely reliable energy supply system and are often required to equip themselves with emergency facilities to compensate for any failures in public electricity distribution networks. These equipments are

generally made on demand and have the drawback, in addition to the duration of the

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 installation work and high investment and operating costs, to immobilize premises of a large volume.

 In France, the damage caused by storms at the end of 1999 on the Electricité de France network demonstrated the usefulness of autonomous electricity production that can be quickly mobilized. However, the production of electricity alone is not sufficient to ensure the supply of heating energy or chilled water in the industrial, health, hotel or tertiary sectors.

industrialisés telles que le sud-est de la France, par exemple (en raison d'une ligne haute tension non doublée), sont des zones particulièrement vulnérables en approvisionnement d'électricité. Developing countries and parts of countries

industrialized areas such as south-eastern France, for example (due to an unlined high-voltage line), are particularly vulnerable areas in terms of electricity supply.

As an indication, a survey carried out in April 2000 in Morocco among several hotel establishments in the south of the country revealed the existence of a real need taking into account: - the fragility of the electrical network, the cost of kWh, untimely cuts imposed in most towns and villages, - the permanent need for domestic hot water, - the need for cooling 9 to 10 months per year.

The prospect of ensuring, thanks to "trigeneration", an autonomous production of electro thermal energy aroused real interest for 92% of the hotel managers contacted.

 The system according to the present invention makes it possible to obtain maximum efficiency and profitability by matching the needs for hot and / or cold electricity and heat.

 The prospect of using all or part of the thermal energy from electricity production to produce hot and cold opens up new horizons of profitability.

 Recent studies have shown that, for periods of use greater than 4,700 h / year, profitability is effective in a large number of activities. The payback times are less than six years.

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 When the energy adequacy is achieved, the overall efficiency of a "trigeneration" installation can reach 85%. This optimization compared to conventional cogeneration is coupled with great flexibility in the distribution of the energies produced (electricity-hot water-chilled water).

 This makes it possible to maintain efficiency in many situations and to have real power plants.

 The device which is the subject of the invention consists of a generator set with an engine supplied with natural gas or diesel fuel and an absorption refrigeration unit delivering chilled water by recovering the heat energy from the engine exhaust gases. of the generator, part of this energy being converted into hot water through exchangers on the exhaust and cooling circuits, all of the two groups in working condition and their accessories being installed in a standardized container transportable by truck by train or boat.

la figure 2 représente en perspective un conteneur standard utilisé pour contenir les composants de l'installation de génération d'énergie et la figure 3 montre à une échelle différente le même conteneur portes ouvertes et dépourvu de sa toiture et de l'une de ses parois latérales pour permettre de voir la disposition intérieure. In the accompanying drawings, given by way of nonlimiting example of one of the embodiments of the subject of the invention: FIG. 1 is a simplified diagram of a "trigeneration" group used for the combined production of electricity, hot water and chilled water,

Figure 2 shows in perspective a standard container used to contain the components of the energy generation installation and Figure 3 shows on a different scale the same container with open doors and without its roof and one of its walls side to allow you to see the interior layout.

 The device, Figures 1 to 3, consists of a group of containerized "trigeneration" ready for use and available by conventional means of transport, by road, by rail by sea or by waterway, without the need for special convoys .

 The concept is based on the use of tropicalized electromechanical equipment, simple and therefore repairable on site, accessible to moderately qualified maintenance personnel.

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The inevitable electronic components integrated into the generator sets, absorption groups and regulators, will be replaceable by ready-to-install elements delivered with the container and pre-programmed (EPROM or equivalent).

 The handling envelope consists of a container 1, preferably of a standard type of 20 or 40 feet, in which are installed the generator 2 and the refrigeration unit 3 absorption.

 Each group will include on the periphery: - a gas or diesel input 4 - an electrical power output 5, associated or not with a step-up transformer, connectable to the local network, for example 380 volts three-phase-50 Hz or voltage required by the local distributor electricity. The electricity produced can thus be self-consumed or returned to the local distribution network, - an inlet 1 hot water outlet 6 available to the user, - an inlet 1 chilled water outlet 7 available to the user, - two inlets 1 cooling water outlets 8.9 connected to two atmospheric refrigerants 10.11 installed outside the container 1 and connected respectively to the cooling circuits of the heat engine of the generator 2 and the refrigeration unit 3. The refrigerants will be connected near the container by piping with standardized quick couplings and electrical wiring.

 All the equipment is determined and arranged so that it can be housed in the standardized container 1 with all the conduits and accessories connected, so that the group can be connected and put into service as soon as it is delivered without leaving the container. 1, whether intended for temporary or permanent use.

 This equipment consists of: - the generator 2 mounted in a soundproof box - the refrigeration unit 3 with absorption - two exchangers supplying the hot water supply circuits 12, a water-water exchanger 13 on the cooling circuit 14 of the engine

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 thermal and a gas-water exchanger 15 connected to the exhaust of this engine, part of the thermal energy of which is converted according to demand in the refrigeration unit (3) to produce chilled water - from a pot of catalytic exhaust 16 for the generator set engine - from a series of pumps on the different circuits: engine cooling pump 17, atmospheric engine coolant pump 18, atmospheric refrigerant pump refrigeration unit 19, hot water pump 20 and chilled water pump 21, the last two pumps are sized to meet the needs of the user.

 Control of the internal temperature of the group is ensured by roof fan-extractors 22 arranged above the engine room on the heat engine side of the generator 2, as well as by screened doors 23 of the container 1 on the refrigeration unit side 3. These doors will be fitted with filter and sound trap equipment intended to protect the equipment and comply with acoustic standards.

 In regions or countries where natural gas is available, this fuel will be used in priority to supply the engine of generator 2.

 Where natural gas is not distributed, the concept developed makes it possible to use domestic diesel or fuel oil, fuels widely used and distributed. In the latter case, the installation of particle filters 24 before the gas-water exchanger 15 becomes necessary. These filters are part of industrial equipment built in large series by engine manufacturers.

 An energy pre-balance sheet has been established with equipment commercially available on the market. The development of "trigeneration" groups can advantageously be based on four levels of electrical power: 135, 250,320 and 400 KVA. These correspond to the needs of units with 50 to 300 beds, for example, in the hotel and hospital sectors. These mobile trigeneration groups can be coupled according to a binary system covering a continuous power range between 135 and 600 KVA or more.

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 "Trigeneration" using widely proven technologies and materials, the innovation lies in the association of these different pieces of equipment in transportable modules. The performances are previously validated in the workshop. The return to service on site is done by "plug & run" technique.

 The positioning of the various constituent elements gives the object of the invention a maximum of useful effects which had not, to date, been obtained by similar devices.

Claims (5)

 1 o. Mobile group of combined generation of electricity, heat and cold, based on the concept of "trigeneration" consisting in producing electricity, heat and cold by means of a single installation intended for the business sector industrial and tertiary, in particular in the hospital and hotel sectors, as well as in the small and medium-sized electronics and food industries, or others, characterized by the combination of a generator (2) with thermal engine powered in natural gas or diesel and an absorption refrigeration unit (3) delivering chilled water by recovering the heat energy from the exhaust gases from the engine of said generator, part of this energy, associated with that coming from a water-water exchanger (13) inserted on the cooling circuit of said heat engine being converted into hot water, all of the two groups (2,3) in operating condition and their accessories being installed in a container (1) transportable by road, rail, sea or inland waterway.  2. Mobile unit according to claim 1, characterized in that all of the equipment is determined and arranged to be able to be housed in the container (1) with all the conduits and accessories connected, so that said group can be plugged in and put into service upon delivery without leaving said container, whether intended for temporary or final use.  3. Mobile unit according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the container (1) is of a standardized model of 20 or 40 feet which can be transported by conventional means of transport, such as truck, train or boat , without the need for special convoys.  4. Mobile unit according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises two atmospheric refrigerants (10,11) installed outside the container (1) and connected <Desc / Clms Page number 8>  respectively on the cooling circuits of the heat engine of the generator set (2) and the refrigeration unit (3) by means of standardized quick couplings and electrical wiring.  5. Mobile unit according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heat engine of the generator (2) runs on natural gas.  60. Mobile unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the heat engine of the generator set (2) runs on diesel or heating oil, particle filters (24) being placed before the gas-water exchanger (15) supplying the hot water production circuit.  7. Mobile unit according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electromechanical equipment is of the tropicalized type, simple and therefore repairable on site and accessible to moderately qualified maintenance personnel.  80. Mobile unit according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electronic components integrated into the generator sets (2), the absorption groupex (3) and the regulators, are replaceable by ready-to-fit elements supplied with the container and pre-programmed (EPROM or equivalent).  9. Mobile unit according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control of the internal temperature is ensured by roof fan-extractors (22) arranged above the engine room on the engine heat side of the generator set. (2), as well as, on the refrigeration unit side 3, by mesh doors (23) of the container 1 equipped with adequate filtration and sound trap.  10. Mobile unit according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is produced according to a range of four levels of electrical power: 135,250, 320 and 400 KVA. <Desc / Clms Page number 9>  110. Mobile group according to claim 10, characterized in that it can be coupled according to a binary system with another group so as to cover a range of continuous power between 135 and 600 KVA or more.