FR2801964A1

FR2801964A1 - DEVICE FOR COMBINING TWO OR MORE MEASURING SYSTEMS BASED ON CIRCULAR SUPPORT

Info

Publication number: FR2801964A1
Application number: FR9915383A
Authority: FR
Inventors: Raja Hanbali Siblini
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1999-12-07
Filing date: 1999-12-07
Publication date: 2001-06-08
Anticipated expiration: 2019-12-07
Also published as: FR2801964B1; WO2001042733A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a device which enables two or more measuring systems to be combined on a circular support base. The invention further relates to a device for measuring or marking an angular sector in degrees, in "percent" of a circular diagram, in "percent" of a semi-circular diagram and for measuring or marking a segment. The device consists of a circular base (1) which has a circular hole in the center (2) and which is graduated in degrees on the periphery, from 0 to 360; a center (2) circle (3), which is graduated in "percent", from 0 to 100, and a recess (4). The semi-discs (21) of the centers (22) and (23) are removed from the circle (3), the semi-circular edge (24) is graduated in "percent", the semi-circular edge (25) is graduated in degrees and the rectilinear edges of the semi-discs (21) are in millimeters. The device according to the invention is particularly useful for pupils and teachers.

Description

La présente invention concerne un dispositif permettant de combiner deux ou plusieurs systèmes de mesures sur la base de support circulaire. The present invention relates to a device for combining two or more measurement systems on the circular support base.

Les statistiques tiennent une place importante dans les domaines scientifiques ou ceux de la vie courante. Afin d'être simplifiées ou visualisées. les informations sont généralement données en pour cent (%) ou représentées graphiquement par des diagrammes circulaires (camembert) ou semi-circulaires. Depuis quelques années, les statistiques font partie des programmes scolaires et, cela, à partir de la classe de sixième. Jusqu'à ce jour, mesurer ou tracer à la main un secteur angulaire d'un diagramme circulaire ou semi-circulaire en pourcentages nécessitait le passage par un calcul d'angles en degrés, ou en grades, et l'usage d'un rapporteur. Statistics hold an important place in the scientific or life domains. In order to be simplified or visualized. the information is usually given in percent (%) or represented graphically by circular (pie chart) or semi-circular diagrams. In recent years, statistics have been part of school curricula, starting from the sixth grade. Until now, measuring or tracing by hand an angular sector of a circular or semicircular chart in percentages required the passage through a calculation of angles in degrees, or grades, and the use of a protractor .

Le dispositif selon l'invention supprime ces inconvénients. Son utilisation permet par simple lecture de mesurer ou de tracer de tels secteurs. Il comporte en effet selon une première caractéristique un cercle régulièrement gradué de 0 à 100, les graduations 0 et 100 étant confondues et/ou, un demi-cercle régulièrement gradué de 0 à 100, 0 et 100 étant diamétralement opposés. Pour mesurer ou tracer un secteur d'un diagramme circulaire (ou semi-circulaire) en "pour cent", il suffit d'utiliser le dispositif à la manière d'un rapporteur en plaçant le sommet du secteur au centre du cercle (ou du demi-cercle), de faire coïncider un côté du secteur avec la graduation 0 du cercle (ou du demi-cercle), et de lire ou de repérer directement sur le cercle (ou le demi-cercle), la graduation en "pour cent" coïncidant avec le second côté. Il est également un outil pédagogique, car il aide l'élève à comprendre d'une manière concrète le concept des pourcentages. The device according to the invention eliminates these disadvantages. Its use allows simple reading to measure or trace such sectors. It comprises in fact according to a first characteristic a regularly graduated circle from 0 to 100, the graduations 0 and 100 being merged and / or, a regularly graduated semicircle from 0 to 100, 0 and 100 being diametrically opposed. To measure or plot a sector of a circle (or semicircular) in "percent", simply use the device in the manner of a protractor by placing the top of the sector in the center of the circle (or the semicircle), to make one side of the sector coincide with the graduation 0 of the circle (or semicircle), and to read or mark directly on the circle (or semicircle), the graduation in "percent "coinciding with the second side. It is also an educational tool because it helps students to understand the concept of percentages in a concrete way.

II est constitué par une surface plane et transparente. Les dessins annexés représentent à titres d'exemples non limitatifs neuf variantes du dispositif de l'invention. It consists of a flat and transparent surface. The attached drawings show by way of nonlimiting examples nine variants of the device of the invention.

FIG 1 : Le dispositif est constitué d'une base circulaire 1 munie sur sa périphérie de graduations en degrés allant de 0 à 360, 0 et 360 confondues, dans le sens des aiguilles d'une montre, d'un trou circulaire en son centre 2, d'un cercle 3 de centre 2 gradué en pour cent de 0 à 100, 0 et 100 confondues, dans le sens des aiguilles d'une montre et, d'un évidement 4 qui permet de marquer le repérage en %. L'axe 5 du dispositif passe de gauche à droite par les graduations 270, 75, 25 et 90. L'axe 6 passe de bas en haut par les graduations180, 50, 0 et 0. Ce dispositif est pédagogique, car il permet d'exprimer, par simple lecture, un secteur angulaire simultanément en degrés et en "pour cent" d'un diagramme circulaire. Il aide donc à visualiser le concept des pourcentages. FIG 1: The device consists of a circular base 1 provided on its periphery graduations in degrees from 0 to 360, 0 and 360 together, clockwise, a circular hole in the center 2, a circle 3 of center 2 graduated in percent from 0 to 100, 0 and 100 together, in the direction of clockwise and a recess 4 which makes it possible to mark the marking in%. The axis 5 of the device passes from left to right by the graduations 270, 75, 25 and 90. The axis 6 passes from bottom to top by the graduations 180, 50, 0 and 0. This This device is pedagogical because it makes it possible to express, by simple reading, an angular sector simultaneously in degrees and in "percent" of a circular diagram. It helps to visualize the concept of percentages.

Les FIG 2, 3, 4 et 5, associées indépendamment à la FIG 1, représentent quatre variantes du dispositif. Mesurer un secteur angulaire en degrés ne nécessitant pas obligatoirement un rapporteur de 360 (un de 180 suffit), ces mêmes figures illustrent également, en elles-mêmes, quatre autres variantes du dispositif de l'invention. FIGS. 2, 3, 4 and 5, associated independently with FIG. 1, represent four variants of the device. To measure an angular sector in degrees that does not necessarily require a protractor of 360 (one of 180 is sufficient), these same figures also illustrate, in themselves, four other variants of the device of the invention.

FIG 2 : Le cercle 3 est évidé des demi- couronnes 7 et 8 de centre 2. Le bord semi-circulaire 9 est gradué en "pour cent", de 0 à 100 dans le sens des aiguilles d'une montre et, le bord semi-circulaire 10 est gradué en degrés, de 0 à180. Cette variante du dispositif permet de mesurer ou de tracer un secteur angulaire en degrés et en "pour cent" d'un diagramme circulaire ou semi-circulaire. Les instruments de mesure du dispositif ont le même centre, 2. FIG. 2: The circle 3 is hollowed out of the half-crowns 7 and 8 of center 2. The semicircular edge 9 is graduated in "percent", from 0 to 100 in the direction of clockwise and, the edge semicircular 10 is graduated in degrees, from 0 to 180. This variant of the device makes it possible to measure or plot an angular sector in degrees and in "percent" of a circular or semicircular diagram. circular. The measuring instruments of the device have the same center, 2.

FIG 3 : Le cercle 3 est évidé de la demi- couronne 7. Le demi-cercle 9 est gradué en "pour cent" de 0 à100. Le bord semi-circulaire 11 est gradué en degrés de 0 à 180. Le cercle 3 est muni de deux rectangles juxtaposés 12 et 13. Le rectangle 13 est millimétré et, pour permettre de tracer des segments, le rectangle 12 est évidé. Cette variante du dispositif permet de mesurer ou de tracer un secteur angulaire en degrés et en "pour cent" d'un diagramme circulaire ou semi-circulaire. Elle permet également de mesurer ou de tracer un segment. Les instruments de mesure d'un secteur angulaire du dispositif ont le même centre, 2. FIG. 3: The circle 3 is hollowed out from the half-crown 7. The semicircle 9 is graduated in "percent" from 0 to 100. The semicircular edge 11 is graduated in degrees of 0 to 180. The circle 3 is provided with two rectangles juxtaposed 12 and 13. The rectangle 13 is millimeter and, to allow to draw segments, the rectangle 12 is hollowed out. This variant of the device makes it possible to measure or plot an angular sector in degrees and in "percent" of a circular or semicircular diagram. It can also measure or plot a segment. Instruments for measuring an angular sector of the device have the same center, 2.

FIG 4 : Le cercle 3 est évidé des demi- couronnes 14 de centres 15 et 16. Le bord semi-circulaire 17 est gradué en "pour cent" de 0 à 100 dans le sens des aiguilles d'une montre et, le bord semi-circulaire 18 est gradué en degrés de 0 à 180. Le cercle 3 est également évidé des rectangles 19. La règle 20 est millimétrée. Cette variante du dispositif permet de mesurer ou de tracer un secteur angulaire en degrés et en "pour cent" d'un diagramme circulaire ou semi-circulaire, comme elle permet de mesurer ou de tracer un segment et de tracer des droites parallèles ou même perpendiculaires. Les instruments de mesure d'un secteur angulaire ont pour centres 2, 1 5 et 16. Ces centres sont différents. FIG. 4: The circle 3 is hollowed out from the half-crowns 14 of the centers 15 and 16. The semi-circular edge 17 is graduated in "percent" from 0 to 100 in the direction of clockwise and the semi-circular edge -circulaire 18 is graduated in degrees from 0 to 180. The circle 3 is also hollowed out of the rectangles 19. The rule 20 is millimeter. This variant of the device makes it possible to measure or plot an angular sector in degrees and in "percent" of a circular or semicircular diagram, as it makes it possible to measure or to draw a segment and to draw parallel or even perpendicular lines . The instruments for measuring an angular sector have centers 2, 1 5 and 16. These centers are different.

FIG 5: Le cercle 3 est évidé des demi- disques 21 de centres 22 et 23. Le bord semi-circulaire de centre 22 est gradué en "pour cent" de 0 à 100 dans le sens des a i i gui illes d'une montre. Le bord semi-circulaire 25 de centre 23 est gradué en degrés de 0 à 180. Les diamètres des deux demi- disques 21 sont millimétrés. Cette variante du dispositif permet de mesurer ou de tracer un secteur angulaire en degrés et en "pour cent" d'un diagramme circulaire ou semi-circulaire, comme elle permet de mesurer ou de tracer un segment et de tracer des droites parallèles ou même perpendiculaires. Les instruments de mesure d'un secteur angulaire ont pour centres 2. 22 et23. Ces centres sont différents. Ainsi, à titres d'exemples, la figure I, la figure 1 combinant les figures 2 ou 3 ou 4 ou 5 et les figures 2, 3, 4 et 5 illustrent neuf variantes du dispositif selon l'invention. Bien entendu, l'invention n'est pas limitée aux modes de réalisation qui viennent d'être décrits et représentés. On pourra y apporter de nombreuses modifications de détail sans sortir pour cela du cadre de l'invention. FIG. 5: The circle 3 is hollowed out from the half-discs 21 of centers 22 and 23. The semi-circular center edge 22 is graduated in "percent" from 0 to 100 in the direction of the rings of a watch. The semicircular edge 25 of center 23 is graduated in degrees from 0 to 180. The diameters of the two half-discs 21 are millimeter. This variant of the device makes it possible to measure or plot an angular sector in degrees and in "percent" of a circular or semicircular diagram, as it makes it possible to measure or to draw a segment and to draw parallel or even perpendicular lines . The instruments for measuring an angular sector have centers 2. 22 and 23. These centers are different. Thus, by way of example, FIG. 1, FIG. 1 combining FIGS. 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 and FIGS. 2, 3, 4 and 5 illustrate nine variants of the device according to the invention. Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiments that have just been described and shown. It will be possible to make many changes in detail without departing from the scope of the invention.

Le dispositif selon l'invention est pédagogique. II est particulièrement destiné à l'usage des élèves et des enseignants.The device according to the invention is educational. It is particularly intended for use by students and teachers.

Claims

1) Device for combining two or more measurement systems on the circular support base characterized in that it comprises a circular base (1) having a circular hole at its center (2) and graduated on its periphery in degrees of 0 to 360, a circle (3) center (2) graduated in "percent" from 0 to 100 and a recess (4) for marking the marking in percentages. 2) Device for combining two or more measuring systems on the circular support base according to claim 1, characterized in that the circle (3) is hollowed out of the half-crowns (7, 8) of center (2), the semicircle (9) is graduated in "percent" from 0 to 100, and the semicircle (10) is graduated in degrees from 0 to 180. 3) Device for combining two or a plurality of measuring systems on the circular support base according to claim 1, characterized in that the circle (3) is recessed from the half-crown (7) of the center (2), the semicircle (9) is graduated in "percent" from 0 to 100, the semicircular edge (11) is graduated in degrees from 0 to 180, the rectangle (12) is hollowed out and the rectangle (13) is millimetered. 4) Device for combining two or more measuring systems on the circular support base according to claim 1, characterized in that the circle (3) is hollowed out of the half-crowns (14) of centers (15) and (16) and rectangles (19), the semicircle (17) is graduated in "percent" from 0 to 100, the semicircle (18) is graduated in degrees from 0 to 180, and the rule (20) is millimetered. 5) Device for combining two or more measuring systems on the circular support base according to claim 1, characterized in that the circle (3) is hollowed out of the half-discs (21) of centers (22) and (23) the semi-circular edge (24) is graduated in "percent", the semi-circular edge (25) is graduated in degrees, and the straight edges of the half-discs (21) are millimeter-shaped. 6) Device for combining two or more measuring systems characterized by a circle (3) having a circular hole in its center (2) and graduated on its periphery in "percent" from 0 to 100. 7) Device for combining two or more measuring systems according to claim 6, characterized in that the circle (3) is hollowed out of the half-rings (7, 8) of center (2), the semicircle (9 ) is graduated in "percent" from 0 to 100, and the semicircle (10) is graduated in degrees from 0 to 180. 8) Device for combining two or more measuring systems according to claim 6, characterized in that when the circle (3) is recessed from the center half-crown (7), the semicircle (9) is graduated in "percent" from 0 to 100, the semicircular edge (11) is graduated in degrees from 0 to 180, the rectangle (12) is hollowed out and the rectangle (13) is millimetered. 9) Device for combining two or more measuring systems according to claim 6, characterized in that the circle (3) is hollowed half-crowns (14) of centers (15) and (16) and rectangles (19) the semicircle (17) is graduated in "percent" from 0 to 100, the semicircle (18) is graduated in degrees from 0 to 180, and the ruler (20) is millimetered. 10) Device for combining two or more measuring systems according to claim 6, characterized in that the circle (3) is recessed half-discs (21) of centers (22) and (23), the semicircular edge (24) is graduated in "percent" from 0 to 100, the semicircular edge (25) is graduated in degrees from 0 to 180, and the straight edges of the half discs (21) are millimeter-shaped.